| 1 | Exercise attenuates bone mineral density loss during diet-induced weight loss in adults with overweight and obesity:A systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘Background:Weight-loss-induced fat loss improves cardiometabolic health in individuals with overweight and obesity;however,weight loss can also result in bone loss and increased fracture risk.Weight-loss-induced bone loss may be attenuated with exercise.Our aim was to compare changes in bone mineral density(BMD)in adults with overweight and obesity who undertook diet-induced weight loss alone or in combination with exercise.Methods:We included randomized controlled trials(RCTs)in adults with overweight or obesity(aged-18 years;body mass index-25 kg/m^(2))that prescribed diet-induced weight loss alone or in combination with supervised exercise,and measured any bone structural parameters.Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool.Random-effects meta-analyses determined mean changes and net mean differences(95%confidence intervals(95%CIs))in the percentage of areal BMD(aBMD)change between groups.Results:We included 9 RCTs.Diet-induced weight loss led to significant losses in femoral neck aBMD(mean change:-1.73%(95%CI:-2.39%to-1.07%),p<0.001)and total hip aBMD(-2.19%(95%CI:-3.84%to-0.54%),p=0.009).Femoral neck aBMD losses were significantly greater in the diet-induced weight loss group compared to the exercise plus diet-induced weight loss group(net difference:-0.88%(95%CI:-1.73%to-0.03%));however,there were no differences in aBMD changes at any other skeletal site:total hip(-1.96%(95%CI:-4.59%to 0.68%))and lumbar spine(-0.48%(95%CI:-1.81%to 0.86%)).aBMD changes did not differ significantly according to exercise modality(resistance exercise,aerobic exercise,or a combination of the two)during diet-induced weight loss.Conclusion:Diet-induced weight loss led to greater femoral neck bone loss compared to diet-induced weight loss plus exercise.Bone loss at the total hip and lumbar spine was not attenuated by exercise during diet-induced weight loss.The lack of consistent skeletal benefits may be due to the insufficient duration and/or training intensities of most exercise interventions.Additional RCTs with appropriate,targeted exercise interventions should be conducted. | Jakub Mesinovic Paul Jansons Ayse Zengin Barbora de Courten Alexander J.Rodriguez Robin M.Daly Peter R.Ebeling David Scott | 2021 | Journal of Sport and Health Science2021，10，5： | 1 |
| 2 | Using compositional data analysis to explore accumulation of sedentary behavior,physical activity and youth health显示文摘Purpose:The study aimed to describe youth time-use compositions,focusing on time spent in shorter and longer bouts of sedentary behavior and physical activity(PA),and to examine associations of these time-use compositions with cardiometabolic biomarkers.Methods:Accelerometer and cardiometabolic biomarker data from 2 Australian studies involving youths 7-13 years old were pooled(complete cases with accelerometry and adiposity marker data,n=782).A 9-component time-use composition was formed using compositional data analysis:time in shorter and longer bouts of sedentary behavior;time in shorter and longer bouts of light-,moderate-,or vigorous-intensity PA;and'other time'(i.e.,non-wear/sleep).Shorter and longer bouts of sedentary time were defined as<5 min and>5 min,respectively.Shorter bouts of light-,moderate-,and vigorous-intensity PA were defined as<1 min;longer bouts were defined as≥1 min.Regression models examined associations between overall time-use composition and cardiometabolic biomarkers.Then,associations were derived between ratios of longer activity patterns relative to shorter activity patterns,and of each intensity level relative to the other intensity levels and'other time',and cardiometabolic biomarkers.Results:Confounder-adjusted models showed that the overall time-use composition was associated with adiposity,blood pressure,lipids,and the summary score.Specifically,more time in longer bouts of light-intensity PA relative to shorter bouts of light-intensity PA was significantly associated with greater body mass index z-score(zBMI)(β=1.79;SE=0.68)and waist circumference(β=18.35,SE=4.78).When each activity intensity was considered relative to all higher intensities and'other time',more time in light-and vigorous-intensity PA,and less time in sedentary behavior and moderate-intensity PA,were associated with lower waist circumference.Conclusion:Accumulating PA,particularly light-intensity PA,in frequent short bursts may be more beneficial for limiting adiposity compared to accumulating the same amount of PA at these intensities in longer bouts. | Simone J.J.M.Verswijveren Karen E.Lamb Josep A.Martín-Fernández Elisabeth Winkler Rebecca M.Leech Anna Timperio Jo Salmon Robin M.Daly Ester Cerin David W.Dunstan Rohan M.Telford Richard D.Telford Lisa S.Olive Nicola D.Ridgers | 2022 | Journal of Sport and Health Science2022，11，2： | 0 |
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