| 1 | Sex-specific effects of Eugenia punicifolia extract on gastric ulcer healing in rats显示文摘AIM To evaluate the sex-specific effects of a hydroalcoholic extract from Eugenia punicifolia(HEEP) leaves on gastric ulcer healing.METHODS In this rat study involving males, intact(cycling) females, and ovariectomized females, gastric ulcers were induced using acetic acid. A vehicle, lansoprazole, or HEEP was administered for 14 d after ulcer induction. Body weight was monitored throughout the treatment period. At the end of treatment, the rats were euthanized and the following in vivo and in vitro investigations were performed: macroscopic examination of the lesion area and organ weights, biochemical analysis, zymography, and evaluation of protein expression levels. Additionally, the concentration-dependent effect of HEEP was evaluated in terms of subacute toxicity and cytotoxicity.RESULTS Compared to the vehicle, HEEP demonstrated a great healing capacity by substantially reducing the ulcerative lesion area in males(52.44%), intact females(85.22%), and ovariectomized females(65.47%), confirming that HEEP accelerates the healing of acetic acidinduced gastric lesions and suggesting that this effect is modulated by female sex hormones. The antiulcer effect of HEEP was mediated by prostaglandin E2 only in male rats. Overall, the beneficial effect of HEEP was the highest in intact females. Notably, HEEP promoted the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(intact vs ovariectomized females) and decreased the expression of Caspase-8 and Bcl-2(intact female vs male or ovariectomized female). Additionally, HEEP enhanced fibroblast proliferation and migration into a wounded area in vitro, confirming its healing effect. Finally, no sign of subacute toxicity or cytotoxicity of HEEP was observed.CONCLUSION In gastric ulcers, HEEP-induced healing(modulated by female sex hormones; in males, mediated by prostaglandin) involves extracellular matrix remodeling, with gastric mucosa cell proliferation and migration. | Larissa Lucena Périco Vinícius Peixoto Rodrigues Rie Ohara Gabriela Bueno Vania Vasti Alfieri Nunes Raquel Cássia dos Santos Ana Carolina Lima Camargo Luis Antuio Justulin Joior Sérgio Faloni de Andrade Viviane Miranda Bispo Steimbach Luísa Mota da Silva Lúcia Regina Machado da Rocha Wagner Vilegas Catarina dos Santos Clélia Akiko Hiruma-Lima | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，38： | 3 |
| 2 | Active tuberculosis in inflammatory bowel disease patients under treatment from an endemic area in Latin America显示文摘BACKGROUND There has been an increase in cases of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)in recent years.There is also greater access and availability of immunosuppressive and biological agents,which increase the risk of opportunistic infection despite improving the quality of life and promoting mucosal healing.Tuberculosis(TB)remains a public health problem,and it has a high incidence in several countries.Therefore,knowledge of the risk of developing TB in patients with IBD is important.AIM To evaluate the risk of active TB in patients with IBD under treatment from an endemic area in Latin America.METHODS A standard questionnaire included demographic variables,clinical aspects of IBD disease,history of active TB during treatment,active TB characteristics and evolution,initial screening and results and time from the start of anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNFα)to TB development.RESULTS Azathioprine,anti-TNFα and the combination of these two drugs were associated with a higher risk of active TB incidence.The TNFα blockers increased the relative risk of developing active TB compared to other treatments.All four multivariable models showed that the use of TNFα blockers alone or in combination with azathioprine was an important risk factor for the incidence of active TB.After adjustment for sex,age,type of IBD and latent TB,anti-TNFα with azathioprine increased the relative risk to 17.8 times more than conventional treatment.Late TB,which was diagnosed 3 mo after the start of anti-TNFα,was the most frequent.CONCLUSION Treatment with anti-TNFα increased the risk of active TB in IBD patients from an endemic area in Latin America.This risk was increased when anti-TNFα was combined with azathioprine.The time from the beginning of the treatment to the active TB diagnosis suggests a new TB infection. | Flora Maria Lorenzo Fortes Ney Boa Sorte Victor D Mariano Laila D Andrade Fernanda A Oliveira Monique CA Santos Claudia Ivanilda N dos Santos Catharina A Passos Mila P Pacheco Valdiana C Surlo Neogelia P de Almeida Jaciane AM Fontes Andrea M Pimentel Raquel Rocha Genoile Oliveira Santana | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，44： | 1 |
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