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| 1 | Secondary biogenic coalbed gas in some coal fields of China显示文摘The secondary biogenic coalbed gas, a new genetic and energy source type of coalbed gas in China, has been found in Xinji, Liyazhuang and Enhong areas. The essential characteristics of this type of gas are: (i) the major component of the gas is methane, with C1/C1-5 value higher than 0.99, indicating that the gas is part of dry gas; (ii) theδ13C1 value is in the range of -61.7‰to -47.9‰, mostly lower than -55‰, which is much lower than the estimatedδ13C1 value of thermogenic methane according to the thermal evolution degree of the coal rocks (with R0 value from 0.87% to 1.43%), showing the characteristics of the secondary biogenic gas; (iii) theδ5D value of methane ranges from -244‰to -196‰; (iv)δ13C 2 value ranges from -26.7‰to -15.9‰andδ13C 3 value ranges from -10.8‰to -25.3‰, indicating that the heavier hydrocarbons have a thermogenic origin; (v) the content of CO2 is very low, andδ13CCO2 value changes greatly, reflecting a characteristic of secondary change; (vi)δ15N2 value ranges mainly from -1‰to +1‰, indicating N2 derived significantly from air. The negative linear correlation between the contents of N2 and CH4 reflects the activity of bacteria bearing surface water infiltrating into coal beds. The comprehensive tracing indices show that the coalbed gas in the studied areas is the mixed gas of primarily secondary biogenic gas and a part of remnant thermogenic gas. The uplift of coal beds and the development of faults in the studied areas create favorable conditions for the formation of the secondary biogenic gas. | TAO Mingxin WANG Wanchun XIE Guangxin LI Jinying WANG Yanlong ZHANG Xiaojun ZHANG Hong SHI Baoguang GAO Bo | 2005 | Chinese Science Bulletin2005，50，S1： | 8 |
| 2 | Carbon and hydrogen isotopic composition and generation pathway of biogenic gas in China显示文摘The carbon and hydrogen isotopic composition of biogenic gas is of great importance for the study of its generation pathway and reservoiring characteristics. In this paper, the formation pathways and reservoiring characteristics of biogenic gas reservoirs in China are described in terms of the carbon and hydrogen isotopic compositions of 31 gas samples from 10 biogenic gas reservoirs. The study shows that the hydrogen isotopic compositions of these biogenic gas reservoirs can be divided into three intervals: δDCH4>-200‰,-250‰<δDCH4<-200‰ and δDCH4<-250‰. The forerunners believed that the main generation pathway of biogenic gas under the condition of continental fresh water is acetic fermentation. Our research results showed that the generation pathway of biogenic gas under the condition of marine facies is typical CO2-reduction, the biogenic gas has heavy hydrogen isotopic composition: its δDCH4 values are higher than-200‰; that the biogenic gas under the condition of continental facies also was generated by the same way, but its hydrogen isotopic composition is lighter than that of biogenetic gas generated under typical marine facies condition: -250‰<δDCH4<-200‰, the δDCH4 values may be related to the salinity of the water medium in ancient lakes. From the relevant data of the Qaidam Basin, it can be seen that the hydrogen isotopic composition of biogenic methane has the same variation trend with increasing salinity of water medium. There are biogenic gas reservoirs formed in transitional regions under the condition of continental facies. These gas reservoirs resulted from both CO2-reduction and acetic fermentation, the formation of which may be related to the non-variant salinity of ancient water medium and the relatively high geothermal gradient, as is the case encountered in the Baoshan Basin. The biogenic gas generating in these regions has light hydrogen isotopic composition: δDCH4<-250‰, and relatively heavy carbon isotopic composition. There is a fairly strong negative correlation between the carbon isotopic composition and the hydrogen isotopic composition. The generation mechanism and pathway of carbon, and the hydrogen isotopic composition of biogenic gas may be used to ascertain whether biogenic gas samples from the natural world are of industrial utilization value. In general, the biogenic gas formed by way of acetic fermentation is not propitious to the formation of gas reservoirs. | SHEN Ping WANG Xiaofeng XU Yin SHI Baoguang XUYongchang | 2009 | Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry2009，28，2： | 4 |
| 3 | Low-mature gases and their resource potentiality显示文摘In the 80’s of last century, based on the advances in natural gas exploration practice, the concepts of bio-thermocatalytic transitional-zone gas and early thermogenetic gas were proposed, and the lower limit Ro values for the formation and accumulation of thermogenetic natural gases of industrial importance have been extended to 0.3%–0.4%. In accordance with the two-stage model established on the basis of carbon isotope fractionation involved in the formation of coal-type natural gases, the upper limit Ro values of lowly evolved natural gases should be set at 0.8%–1.0%. This is the concept of low-mature gas which is commonly accepted at the present time. The Urengoy super-large gas field in western Siberian Basin is a typical example of low-mature gas field, where low-mature gas reserves account for 20% of the globally proven natural gas reserves, and this fully indicates the importance of this kind of resources. The proven reserves of natural gases in the Turpan-Hami Basin of China are approximate to 1000×108 m3, and the thermal evolution indices of source rocks are Ro=0.4%–0.8%. The δ13C1 values of methane are mainly within the range of -44‰– -39‰ (corresponding to Ro=0.6%–0.8%), and those of ethane are mainly within the range of -29‰– -26‰, indicating that these natural gases should be designated to the coal-type low-mature gases. The light hydrocarbon evolution indices of natural gases also provide strong evidence suggesting that they are the coal-type low-mature gases. If so, low-mature gas in the Turpan-Hami Basin has been accumulated to such an extent as to be equivalent to the total reserves of three large-sized gas fields, and their existence is of great significance in the study and exploration of China’s low-mature gases. If it is evidenced that the source rocks of low-mature gases are related mainly to coal measures, China’s abundant lowly evolved coal series resources will provide a huge resource potentiality for the generation of low-mature gases. | XU Yongchang WANG Xiaofeng SHI Baoguang | 2009 | Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry2009，28，3： | 4 |
| 4 | Groundbreaking gas source rock correlation research based on the application of a new experimental approach for adsorbed gas显示文摘Many years of experimentation have led to the development and improvement of equipment and methods used to make gas source rock correlations.By crushing samples using a ball mill and directly collecting adsorbed gases in the absence of aqueous media under high vacuum conditions,most possible interference factors,such as atmospheric pollution,crushing-induced pyrolysis,and gas collection by aqueous media are eliminated.This greatly enhances the volume percentage of hydrocarbon gas in the acquired adsorbed gases,with maxima up to more than 80%.The actual measurement of carbon isotopic series can be carried out to such an extent as to be δ13C1-δ13C5.A preliminary study using newly established equipment and methods has indicated the following.(1) The carbon isotopic composition of ethane in adsorbed gases on hydrocarbon source rocks can be used to distinguish the types of source rocks.This is consistent with results obtained by using organic geochemical parameters for source rocks,and illustrates that it is highly feasible to use the carbon isotopic composition of ethane in natural gases as a parameter for distinguishing the types of source rocks.(2) The thermal evolution degree(Ro) of hydrocarbon-source rocks calculated in terms of the carbon isotopic composition of methane in adsorbed gases on hydrocarbon source rocks agrees well with the vitrinite reflectance actually measured in the source rocks.This confirms the reliability of the relationship between the carbon isotopic composition of methane in natural gases and the thermal evolution degree determined using statistics.(3) Finally,a direct gas source correlation method for natural gases has been established,and the expression of log Ro vs.δ13C1 established in terms of actually measured δ13C1 values of methane in absorbed gases.Ro values of hydrocarbon source rocks have been established as well,thus creating favorable conditions for precise oil-and-gas source correlations in exploration areas. | SHI BaoGuang SHEN Ping WANG XiaoFeng ZHEN JianJing | 2012 | Chinese Science Bulletin2012，57，36： | 2 |
| 5 | Secondary biologi- cal eoalbed gas in the Xinji area, Anhui province, China, evidence from the geochemical features and secondary changes显示文摘 | Tao Mingxin Shi Baoguang Li Jinying | 2007 | Jnter national Journal of Coal Geology2007，71，35： | 1 |
| 6 | Innovation of experimental methodology for adsorbed gases on hydrocarbon-source rocks显示文摘As compared to the device developed by our predecessors, the newly developed adsorbed gas degasification-collection device has a series of advantages such as wide sample application range, large sample inlet, high vacuum, short-time sample smashing, low crushing temperature and water-free gas collection, which ensure the geochemical characteristics of acquired adsorbed gas samples to be the same as those of the adsorbed gases on corresponding hydrocarbon-source rocks. The results showed that the acquired adsorbed gases are composed mainly of hydrocarbon gas and carbon dioxide gas, with the hydrocarbon gas accounting for more than 80%, and can be measured reliably for their δ13C1-δ13C3 data, even δ13C4-δ13C5 data. The results of carbon isotope test and analysis satisfy the needs for the geochemical study and application of adsorbed gases. The above new techniques of experimental geochemistry are helpful for establishing the new direct natural gas-source correlation method, proving that the previous usual method of indirect natural gas-source correlation is scientific and authentic, thus providing the experimental basis for the study and application of adsorbed gases on hydrocarbon-source rocks. | SHI Baoguang WANG Xiaofeng XU Yongchang ZHEN Jianjing | 2013 | Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry2013，32，1： | 0 |
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