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| 1 | A paleontological perspective of vertebrate origin显示文摘The Early Cambrian Haikouichthys and Haikouella have been claimed to be related to contribute in an important way to our understanding of vertebrate origin, but there have been heated debates about how exactly they are to be interpreted. New discoveries of numerous speci-mens of Haikouichthys not only confirm the identity of pre-viously described structures such as the dorsal and the ven-tral fins, and chevron-shaped myomeres, but also reveal many new important characteristics, including sensory or-gans of the head (e.g. large eyes), and a prominent notochord with differentiated vertebral elements. This 揻irst fish?ap-pears, however, to retain primitive reproductive features of acraniates, suggesting that it is a stem-group craniates. A new order (Myllokunmingiida) and a new family (Myllo-kunmingiidae) are erected, and a new species, Zhongjianich-thys rostratus (gen. et sp. nov.), is described herein. Over 1400 newly-discovered specimens of Haikouella provide a wealth of anatomical information on this organism. It differs from chordates in many organs and organ systems, including the skin, muscles, respiratory, circulatory and nervous sys-tems. In contrast, its body-design resembles that of vetuli-colians, and the presence of a 搕ransitional?nervous system with both dorsal and ventral nerve cords suggests an affinity with living hemichordates. On the basis of these and other recent findings of fossil deuterostomes, a five-step hypothesis for vertebrate origin is proposed, intended to bridge the long- standing gap between protostomes and vertebrates. Four of the five steps accord with established ideas current in modern evolutionary zoology. Evidence for the first step is obtainable only from fossils, and specifically from fossils found from South China, hence the crucial importance of S. China sites for our understanding of early vertebrate origins and evolution. Accordingly, South China is suggested as the oldest-known birthplace of the whole vertebrates. | SHU Degan Early Life Institute & Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi抋n, 710069, China School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China (e-mail: elidgshu@ nwn.edu.cn) | 2003 | Chinese Science Bulletin2003，48，8： | 11 |
| 2 | California Simulation of Evapotranspiration of Applied Water and Agricultural Energy Use in California显示文摘The California Simulation of Evapotranspiration of Applied Water (Cal-SIMETAW) model is a new tool developed by the California Department of Water Resources and the University of California, Davis to perform daily soil water balance and determine crop evapotranspiration (ET c ), evapotranspiration of applied water (ET aw ), and applied water (AW) for use in California water resources planning. ET aw is a seasonal estimate of the water needed to irrigate a crop assuming 100% irrigation efficiency. The model accounts for soils, crop coefficients, rooting depths, seepage, etc. that influence crop water balance. It provides spatial soil and climate information and it uses historical crop and land-use category information to provide seasonal water balance estimates by combinations of detailed analysis unit and county (DAU/County) over California. The result is a large data base of ET c and ET aw that will be used to update information in the new California Water Plan (CWP). The application uses the daily climate data, i.e., maximum (T x ) and minimum (T n ) temperature and precipitation (P cp ), which were derived from monthly USDA-NRCS PRISM data (PRISM Group 2011) and daily US National Climate Data Center (NCDC) climate station data to cover California on a 4 km×4 km change grid spacing. The application uses daily weather data to determine reference evapotranspiration (ET o ), using the Hargreaves-Samani (HS) equation (Hargreaves and Samani 1982, 1985). Because the HS equation is based on temperature only, ET o from the HS equation were compared with CIMIS ET o at the same locations using available CIMIS data to determine correction factors to estimate CIMIS ET o from the HS ET o to account for spatial climate differences. Cal-SIMETAW also employs near real-time reference evapotranspiration (ET o ) information from Spatial CIMIS, which is a model that combines weather station data and remote sensing to provide a grid of ET o information. A second database containing the available soil water holding capacity and soil depth information for all of California was also developed from the USDA-NRCS SSURGO database. The Cal-SIMETAW program also has the ability to generate daily weather data from monthly mean values for use in studying climate change scenarios and their possible impacts on water demand in the state. The key objective of this project is to improve the accuracy of water use estimates for the California Water Plan (CWP), which provides a comprehensive report on water supply, demand, and management in California. In this paper, we will discuss the model and how it determines ET aw for use in water resources planning. | Morteza N Orang Richard L Snyder Shu Geng Quinn J Hart Sara Sarreshteh Matthias Falk Dylan Beaudette Scott Hayes Simon Eching | 2013 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2013，12，8： | 3 |
| 3 | Geographic Spread of Currency Trading:The Renminbi and Other Emerging Market Currencies显示文摘This paper studies the ongoing diffusion of renminbi (RMB) trading across the globe, the first of such research of an international currency. It analyses the distribution in offshore RMB trading in 2013 and 2016 using comprehensive data from the Triennial Central Bank Survey of foreign exchange markets. In 2013, Asian centers favored by the policy of RMB internationalization had disproportionate shares in global RMB trading. Over the following three years, RMB trading seemed to converge to the spatial pattern of all currencies, with a half-life of seven to eight years. The previously most traded emerging market currency, the Mexican peso, shows a similar pattern, although it is converging to the global norm more slowly. Three other emerging market currencies show a qualitatively similar evolution in the geography of their offshore trading. Overall, the RMB's internationalization is tracing an arc from the influence of administrative measures to the working of market forces. | Yin-Wong Cheung Robert N McCauley Chang Shu | 2019 | China & World Economy2019，27，5： | 3 |
| 4 | Growth of rice cultivars by direct seeding and transplanting under upland and lowland conditions显示文摘 | KUNNIKA N SHU F KESORN N | 1996 | Field Crops Research1996，，48： | 1 |
| 5 | Recent developments in flame retardant polymeric coatings 显示文摘 | SHU Yuliang NEISIUS N Matthias GAAN Sabyasachi | 2013 | Progress in Organic Coatings2013，76，11： | 1 |
| 6 | Altered resting-state functional connectivity and anatomical connectivity of hippocampus inschizophrenia显示文摘 | Zhou Y Shu N Liu Y | 2008 | Schizophr Res2008，100，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Castleman disease of the pleura:experience with eight surgically proven eases显示文摘 | SHEUNG F K SHU H N | 2003 | Ann Thorac Surg2003，76，1： | 1 |
| 8 | The effects of crystal structure of the precursor MnO2 on electrochemical properties of spinel LiMn2O4显示文摘 | WEI Q L WANG X Y YANG X K SHU H B JU B W HU B N SONG Y F | 2012 | J Solid State Electrochem2012，16，7： | 1 |
| 9 | A novel immersed boundary velocity correction-lattice Boltzmann method and its application to simulate flow past a eireular cylinder 显示文摘 | Shu C Liu N Chew Y | 2007 | Journal of Computational Physics2007，226，： | 1 |
| 10 | Spl is involved in Akt-mediated induction of VEGF expression through an HIF-1-independent mechanism显示文摘 | Pore N Liu S Shu F K | 2004 | Mol Biol Cell2004，15，11： | 1 |
| 11 | Strain gradient crystal plasticity:size-dependent deformation of bicrystals 显示文摘 | SHU J Y FLECK N A | 1999 | Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids1999，47，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Effects of elevated CO2 levels on root morphological traits and Cd uptakes of two Lolium species under Cd stress显示文摘 | Jia Y Tang S R Ju X H Shu L N Tu S X Feng R W Giusti L | 2011 | Journal of Zhejiang University of Science2011，12，4： | 1 |
| 13 | Topologically convergent and di-vergept structural connectivity patte between patients with remit-ted geriatric depression and amnestic mild cognitive impairment 显示文摘 | Bai F Shu N Yuan YG | 2012 | J Neurosci2012，32，12： | 1 |
| 14 | Ontology-based semantic matchmaking approach显示文摘 | Shu G Rana O F Avis N J ct al | 2007 | Advances in Engineering Software2007，，： | 1 |
| 15 | Castleman disease of the pleura; experience with eight surgically proven cases 显示文摘 | Sheung F K Shu H N | 2003 | Ann Thorac Surg2003，76，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Analysis of petal anthocyanins to investigate coloration mechanism in herbaceous peony cultivars 显示文摘 | Jia N Shu Q Y Wang L S | 2008 | Scientia Horticulturae2008，117，2： | 1 |
| 17 | A novel immersed boundary velocity correction-Lattice Boltzmann method and application to simulate flow past a circular cylinder显示文摘 | Shu C Liu N Y Chew Y T | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 18 | Topologically convergent and divergent structural connectivity patterns be- tween patients with remitted geriatric depression and amnestic mild cognitive impairment 显示文摘 | BAI Feng SHU N YUAN Yonggui | 2012 | J Neurosci2012，32，12： | 1 |
| 19 | Discovery of natural product chemopreventive agents utilizing HL-60 cell differentiation as a model显示文摘 | Shu N Luyengi L Fong HHS | 1995 | Anticancer Res1995，15，： | 1 |
| 20 | Increased levels of interleukin-6 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 are of cardiac origin in acute coronary syndrome显示文摘 | Shu J Ren N Du JB | 2007 | Scand Cardiovasc J2007，41，3： | 1 |
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