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| 1 | Contribution of oxidative stress to pulmonary arterial hypertension显示文摘Recent data implicate oxidative stress as a mediator of pulmonary hypertension (PH) and of the associated pathological changes to the pulmonary vasculature and right ventricle (RV). Increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS), altered redox state, and elevated oxidant stress have been demonstrated in the lungs and RV of several animal models of PH, including chronic hypoxia, monocrotaline toxicity, caveolin-1 knock-out mouse, and the transgenic Ren2 rat which overexpresses the mouse renin gene. Generation of ROS in these models is derived mostly from the activities of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases, xanthine oxidase, and uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase. As disease progresses circulating monocytes and bone marrow-derived monocytic progenitor cells are attracted to and accumulate in the pulmonary vasculature. Once established, these inflammatory cells generate ROS and secrete mitogenic and fibrogenic cytokines that induce cell proliferation and fibrosis in the vascular wall resulting in progressive vascular remodeling. Deficiencies in antioxidant enzymes also contribute to pulmonary hypertensive states. Current therapies were developed to improve endothelial function, reduce pulmonary artery pressure, and slow the progression of vascular remodeling in the pulmonary vasculature by targeting deficiencies in either NO (PDE-type 5 inhibition) or PGI 2 (prostacyclin analogs), or excessive synthesis of ET-1 (ET receptor blockers) with the intent to improve patient clinical status and survival. New therapies may slow disease progression to some extent, but long term management has not been achieved and mortality is still high. Although little is known concerning the effects of current pulmonary arterial hypertension treatments on RV structure and function, interest in this area is increasing. Development of therapeutic strategies that simultaneously target pathology in the pulmonary vasculature and RV may be beneficial in reducing mortality associated with RV failure. | Vincent G DeMarco Adam T Whaley-Connell James R Sowers Javad Habibi Kevin C Dellsperger | 2010 | World Journal of Cardiology2010，2，10： | 21 |
| 2 | The N2O record spanning the penultimate deglaclation from the Vostok ice core显示文摘 | Sowers T A | 2001 | Journal of Geophysical Research2001，10，23： | 1 |
| 3 | Ice core records of atmospheric N2O covering the last 106 000 Years显示文摘 | Sowers T Alley R B Jubenville J | 2003 | Science2003，301，： | 1 |
| 4 | Holocene climatic instability: A prominent, widespread event 8 200 yr ago显示文摘 | Alley R B Mayewski P A Sowers T | 1997 | Geology1997，25，： | 1 |
| 5 | Timing of abrupt climate change at the end of the Younger Dryas interval from thermally fractionated gases in polar ice 显示文摘 | Severinghaus J P Sowers T Brook E J | 1998 | Nature1998，391，： | 1 |
| 6 | Application aud Evalua- tion of Control Modes for Risk-Based Engine Performance Enhancements 显示文摘 | IAu Y Eitt J S Sowers T S | 2014 | AIAA-2014-36372014，3637，： | 1 |
| 7 | Temperature dependence of metabolic rates for microbial growth,maintenance and sur-vival显示文摘 | PRICE P B SOWERS T | 2004 | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2004，101，： | 1 |
| 8 | Rapid variations in atmospheric methane concentration during the past 110, 000 years 显示文摘 | Brook E J Sowers T Orchardo J | 1996 | Science1996，273，： | 1 |
| 9 | Flight Simulator E- valuation of Enhanced Propulsion Control Modes for Emer- gency Operation 显示文摘 | Litt J S Sowers T S Owen A K etal | 2012 | NASA/TM-2012-2176982012，21，： | 1 |
| 10 | Climate correlation between Greenland and Antarcica during the past 100 000 years 显示文摘 | Bender M sowers T Dickson M L | 1994 | Nature1994，372，： | 1 |
| 11 | Maternal glucose concentration influences fetal growth, gestation, and pregnancy complications 显示文摘 | Scholl T O Sowers M Chen X | 2001 | Am J Epidemiol2001，154，6： | 1 |
| 12 | A 25000-year tropical climate history from Bolivian ice cores显示文摘 | Thompson L G Thompson M E Sowers T A | 1998 | Science1998，282，： | 1 |
| 13 | Ab-sence of TGFBR1 and TGFBR2 mutations in patients with bi-cuspid aortic valve and aortic dilation 显示文摘 | ARRINGTON C B SOWER C T CHUCKWUK N | 2008 | Am J Cardiol2008，102，5： | 1 |
| 14 | Timing of abrupt climate change at the end of the Younger Dryas interval from thermally fractiona- ted gases in polar ice 显示文摘 | Severinghaus J P Sowers T Brook E J | 1998 | Nature1998，391，6663： | 1 |
| 15 | Temperature dependence of metabolic rates for microbial growth,maintenance,and survival显示文摘 | Price PB Sowers T | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 16 | Antibodies to malaria vaccine candidates Pvs25 and Pvs28 completely block the ability of Plasmodium vivax to infect mosquitoes显示文摘 | Hisaeda H Sowers AW Tsuboi T | 2000 | Infec Immun2000，68，12： | 1 |
| 17 | Holocene climatic instability: A prominent, widespread event 8200 yr ago 显示文摘 | Alley R B Mayewski P A Sowers T | 1997 | Geology1997，25，6： | 1 |
| 18 | Blood lead concentrations and pregnancy outcomes显示文摘 | SOWERS M JANNAUSCH M SCHOLL T | 2002 | Arch Environ Health2002，57，5： | 1 |
| 19 | Bone loss in adolescent and adult pregnant women显示文摘 | Sowers MF Scholl T Harris L | 2000 | Obstet Gynecol2000，96，： | 1 |
| 20 | Holocene climatic instability; a prominent, widespread event 8200 yr ago 显示文摘 | Alley R B Mayewski P A Sowers T | 1997 | Geology1997，25，： | 1 |
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