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| 1 | Monitoring dioxins and PCBs in eggs as sensitive indicators for environmental pollution and global contaminated sites and recommendations for reducing and controlling releases and exposure显示文摘This review compiles information on PCDD/F-and PCB-contaminated eggs from 20 years of global egg monitoring around emission sources in four continents conducted by the International Pollutants Elimination Network(IPEN)and Arnika as well as a compilation of data from scientific literature.IPEN monitored 127 pooled egg samples including samples from 113 chicken flocks at potential PCDD/F-and PCB-contaminated sites around priority sources listed in the Stockholm Convention(e.g.waste incinerators,metal industries,cement plants,and open burning).99(88%)of pooled egg samples were above the EU maximum limits for PCDD/Fs(2.5 pg PCDD/F-TEQ/g fat)or the sum of PCDD/Fs and dioxinlike PCBs(5 pg PCDD/F-PCB-TEQ/g fat).Children consuming such eggs exceed the tolerable weekly intake(TWI).This demonstrates that close to 90%of these areas were not safe for the production of free-range eggs.Sixteen out of the 113 egg samples(14%)were contaminated above 50 pg TEQ/g fat and exceeded the EU maximum limit more than 10 times.From the 26 pooled egg samples around incinerators 24(92%)exceeded the limit with a mean of 43.1 pg TEQ/g fat(2.6e234 pg TEQ/g).All 21 egg samples around metal industries(4.4e112.6 pg TEQ/g fat)were above limits with mean concentration of 26.0 pg TEQ/g fat.Also all 7 egg samples measured at e-waste recycling sites were above limits(mean 308 pg TEQ/g fat).In 58(51%)pooled egg samples the PCB-TEQ was above 5 pg TEQ/g fat exceeding the EU maximum limit with dioxin-like PCBs alone.This highlights the role of commercial PCBs for global contamination with dioxin-like compounds.It was discovered that around metal industries,shredder plants,open burning sites of e-waste and dump sites,a high share of contamination was caused by dl-PCBs.This clearly shows severe PCB release from the end-of-life management of PCB-containing equipment in developing countries.Also highly contaminated eggs were found at many sites where plastic was incinerated.The highest contaminated egg sample ever measured came from an e-waste site in Ghana and had 856 pg TEQ/g fat plus 300 pg TEQ from brominated dioxins(PBDD/Fs).Other extreme PCDD/F contaminations of eggs were found at a chlor-alkali site(514 pg TEQ/g fat),Agent Orange contaminated areas in Vietnam(490,249 and 246 pg TEQ/g fat)and e-waste sites(568 and 520 pg TEQ/g fat).Where DR CALUX®bioassay revealed higher TEQ compared to measured PCDD/F-PCB-TEQ in IPEN studies,polybrominated PBDD/F were also measured and detected up to 300 pg TEQ/g fat at e-waste sites.One positive outcome from the IPEN studies is that all 10 pooled supermarket eggs in developing countries were below regulatory limit.Policy recommendations are made including:a systematic assessment of areas around PCDD/Fs and PCBs sources;measures for reduction of exposures of populations;urgent control of emission sources including PCB equipment,the open burning of plastic,and the use of plastic as fuel in boilers/incinerators in developing countries without air pollution control.Furthermore,soil limits need to be re-assessed and lowered for free-range poultry. | Jindrich Petrlik Lee Bell Joe DiGangi Serge Molly Allo'o Allo'o Gilbert Kuepouo Griffins Ochieng Ochola Valeriya Grechko Nikola Jelinek Jitka Strakova Martin Skalsky Yuyun Ismawati Drwiega Jonathan N.Hogarh Eric Akortia Sam Adu-Kumi Akarapon Teebthaisong Maria Carcamo Bjorn Beeler Peter Behnisch Claudia Baitinger Christine Herold Roland Weber | 2022 | Emerging Contaminants2022，8，1： | 2 |
| 2 | Inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases prevents the synthesis of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 during decidualization in the baboon显示文摘 | Strakova Z Szmidt M Srisuparp S | 2003 | Endocrinology2003，144，12： | 1 |
| 3 | IL-1beta during in vitrodecidualization in primate显示文摘 | Strakova Z Srisuparp S Fazleabas A T | 2002 | Reprod Immunol2002，55，12： | 1 |
| 4 | IL-1beta during in vitrodeciduatization in primate显示文摘 | STRAKOVA Z SRISUPARP S FAZLEABAS AT | 2002 | Reprod Immunol2002，55，12： | 1 |
| 5 | Inhibition of betaine-homo-cysteine S -methyltransferase in rats causes hyperhomocysteinemiaand reduces liver cystathionine beta-synthase activity and methyla-tion capacity 显示文摘 | Strakova J Gupta S Kruger WD | 2011 | Nutr Res2011，31，7： | 1 |
| 6 | Multipotent properties of myofibroblast cells derived from human placenta显示文摘 | Strakova Z Livak M Krezalek M | 2008 | Cell Tissue Res2008，332，3： | 1 |
| 7 | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) agonists affect cell viability,apoptosis and expression of cell cycle related proteins in cell lines of glial brain tumors显示文摘 | Strakova N Ehrmann J Bartos J | 2005 | Neoplasma2005，52，2： | 1 |
| 8 | Implantation: embryonic signals and the modulation of the uterine environment-a re- view显示文摘 | Fazleabas AT Kim JJ Strakova Z | 2004 | Placenta2004，25，： | 1 |
| 9 | Influence of high environmental temperature on production and haematological and biochemical indexes in broiler chickens 显示文摘 | Veerek V Strakova E Suchy P | 2002 | Czech J Anim Sci2002，47，5： | 1 |
| 10 | Epidemiology of severe sepsis in intensive care units in the Slovak Republic显示文摘 | Zahorec R Firment J Strakova J | 2005 | J Infect2005，33，2： | 1 |
| 11 | The role of chorionic gonadotropin (CG) in blastocyst implantation显示文摘 | Srisuparp S Strakova Z Fazleabas AT | 2001 | Arch Med Res2001，32，6： | 1 |
| 12 | The synthetic ligand of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma ciglitazone affects human glioblastoma cell lines显示文摘 | Strakova N Ehrmann J Dzubak P | 2004 | J Pharmacol Exp Ther2004，309，： | 1 |
| 13 | Soluble amyloid precursor protein: a novel proliferation factor of adult progenitor cells of ectodermal and mesodermal origin 显示文摘 | Demars M P Bartholomew A Strakova Z | 2011 | Stem Cell Res T- her2011，2，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Inhibition of betaine-homocys- teine S-methyltransferase in rats causes hyperhomocysteinemia and reduces liver cystathionine beta-synthase activity and methylation ca- pacity显示文摘 | Strakova J Gupta S Kruger WD | 2011 | Nutr Res2011，31，7： | 1 |
| 15 | Epidemiology of severe sepsis in intensive care units in the Slovak Republic显示文摘 | ZAHOREC R FIRMENT J STRAKOVA J | 2005 | Infection2005，33，3： | 1 |
| 16 | The role of chorionic gonadotropin (CG) in blastocyst implantation 显示文摘 | SrisuparpS Strakova Z Fazleabas AT | 2001 | Arch Med Res2001，32，6： | 1 |
| 17 | The synthetic ligand of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ciglitazone affects human glioblastoma cell lines 显示文摘 | Strakova N Ehrmann J Dzubak P | 2004 | J Pharmacol Exp Ther2004，309，3： | 1 |
| 18 | The synthetic ligand of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ciglitazone affects human glioblastoma cell lines显示文摘 | Strakova N Ehrmann J Dzubak P | 2004 | J Pharmacol Exp Ther2004，309，： | 1 |
| 19 | Inhibition of betaine - homo - cysteine S - methyltransferase in rats causes hyperhomocysteinemia and reduces liver cystathionine beta - synthase activity and methyla - tion capacity 显示文摘 | Strakova J Gupta S Kruger WD et aI | 2011 | NutrRes2011，31，7： | 1 |
| 20 | In vivo infusion of interleukin-1{beta} and chorionic gonadotropin induce endometrial changes that mimic early pregnancy events in the baboon显示文摘 | Strakova Z Mavrogianis P Meng X | 2005 | Endocrinology2005，146，： | 1 |
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