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| 1 | Knowledge Processing Method of Fault Diagnosis Expert Systems for Letter Sorting Equipment显示文摘Based on the analysis of fault diagnosis knowledge of letter sorting machine, this paper proposes a processing method by which the fault diagnosis knowledge is divided into exact knowledge, inadequate knowledge and fuzzy knowledge. Then their presenting and implementing form in fault diagnosis expert system is discussed and studied. It is proved that the expert system has good feasibility in the field of the diagnosis of letter sorting machine. | LI Dian sheng SUN Wan jun Biography:\ LI Dian sheng (1966-), instructor of Shijiazhuang Postal College, received MS in Shengyang Polytechnic University, majoring in artificial intelligence, maintenance of letter sorting machine. He has published seve | 2001 | The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications2001，8，1： | 2 |
| 2 | The Long-Sought-After Salicylic Acid Receptors显示文摘The plant hormone salicylic acid (SA) plays a prominent role in modulating plant immune responses against diverse pathogens.SA also influences other physiological processes in plants,such as senescence-associated gene expression,basal thermogenesis,and seed germination (Vlot et al.,2009).Because of the critical role of SA in regulating plant immunity,growth,and development,there has been immense research about SA,which has resulted in the discovery of numerous plant genes involved in SA biosynthesis or signal transduction.One of the most notable findings was the identification of NPR1 (non-expressor of pathogenesis protein 1) (Cao et al.,1994;Delaney et al.,1995),a gene that encodes a master regulatory protein of SA-dependent defense responses and is a transcriptional co-activator of the TGA clade of bZIP transcription factors (transcription factors that contain basic region/leucine zipper motif).NPR1 exists in at least two forms in the cell.When the SA level is low in the cell (e.g.in the absence of pathogen infection),NPR1 is localized in the cytoplasm as an oligomer through intermolecular disulphide bonds.However,when the SA level is high (e.g.after pathogen infection),redox changes in the cytosol trigger the reduction of disulphide bonds,and monomeric NPR1 enters the nucleus and functions as a transcriptional co-activator at the target gene promoter (Mou et al.,2003).The npr1 mutant could not initiate the SA-associated global transcriptional response program and is defective inall major SA-dependent defense responses,suggesting a central role in SA signal transduction (Cao et al.,1994;Delaney et al.,1995).Despite these impressive advances,however,one of the most fundamental questions-the identity of the SA receptor-has remained unanswered. | Elham Attaran ShengYang He | 2012 | Molecular Plant2012，5，5： | 2 |
| 3 | Innate immunity in plants:an arms race between pattern recognition receptors in plants and effectors in microbial pathogens显示文摘 | Boiler T He Shengyang | 2009 | Science2009，324，5928： | 1 |
| 4 | The bacterial effector AvrRxo1 inhibits vitamin B6 biosynthesis to promote infection in rice显示文摘Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzicola(Xoc),which causes rice bacterial leaf streak,invades leaves mainly through stomata,which are often closed as a plant immune response against pathogen invasion.How Xoc overcomes stomatal immunity is unclear.Here,we show that the effector protein AvrRxo1,an ATPdependent protease,enhances Xoc virulence and inhibits stomatal immunity by targeting and degrading rice OsPDX1(pyridoxal phosphate synthase),thereby reducing vitamin B6(VB6)levels in rice.VB6 is required for the activity of aldehyde oxidase,which catalyzes the last step of abscisic acid(ABA)biosynthesis,and ABA positively regulates rice stomatal immunity against Xoc.Thus,we provide evidence supporting a model in which a major bacterial pathogen inhibits plant stomatal immunity by directly targeting VB6 biosynthesis and consequently inhibiting the biosynthesis of ABA in guard cells to open stomata.Moreover,AvrRxo1-mediated VB6 targeting also explains the poor nutritional quality,including low VB6 levels,of Xoc-infected rice grains. | Haifeng Liu Chongchong Lu Yang Li Tao Wu Baogang Zhang Baoyou Liu Wenjie Feng Qian Xu Hansong Dong Shengyang He Zhaohui Chu Xinhua Ding | 2022 | Plant Communications2022，3，3： | 1 |
| 5 | Membrane lipid raft organization during cotton fiber development显示文摘Background:Cotton fiber is a single-celled seed trichome that originates from the ovule epidermis.It is an excellent model for studying cell elongation.Along with the elongation of cotton fiber cell,the plasma membrane is also extremely expanded.Despite progress in understanding cotton fiber cell elongation,knowledge regarding the relationship of plasma membrane in cotton fiber cell development remains elusive.Methods:The plasma membrane of cotton fiber cells was marked with a low toxic fluorescent dye,di-4-ANEPPDHQ,at different stages of development.Fluorescence images were obtained using a confocal laser scanning microscopy.Subsequently,we investigated the relationship between lipid raft activity and cotton fiber development by calculating generalized polarization(GP values)and dual-channel ratio imaging.Results:We demonstrated that the optimum dyeing conditions were treatment with 3μmol·L-1 di-4-ANEPPDHQ for 5 min at room temperature,and the optimal fluorescence images were obtained with 488 nm excitation and500–580 nm and 620–720 nm dual channel emission.First,we examined lipid raft organization in the course of fiber development.The GP values were high in the fiber elongation stage(5–10 DPA,days past anthesis)and relatively low in the initial(0 DPA),secondary cell wall synthesis(20 DPA),and stable synthesis(30 DPA)stages.The GP value peaked in the 10 DPA fiber,and the value in 30 DPA fiber was the lowest.Furthermore,we examined the differences in lipid raft activity in fiber cells between the short fiber cotton mutant,Li-1,and its wild-type.The GP values of the Li-1 mutant fiber were lower than those of the wild type fiber at the elongation stage,and the GP values of 10 DPA fibers were lower than those of 5 DPA fibers in the Li-1 mutant.Conclusions:We established a system for examining membrane lipid raft activity in cotton fiber cells.We verified that lipid raft activity exhibited a low-high-low change regularity during the development of cotton fiber cell,and the pattern was disrupted in the short lint fiber Li-1 mutant,suggesting that membrane lipid order and lipid raft activity are closely linked to fiber cell development. | XU Fan SUO Xiaodong LI Fang BAO Chaoya HE Shengyang HUANG Li LUO Ming | 2020 | Journal of Cotton Research2020，3，2： | 0 |
| 6 | Expert consensus on prevention and cardiopulmonary resuscitation for cardiac arrest in COVID-19显示文摘Background:Cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)strategies in COVID-19 patients differ from those in patients suffering from cardiogenic cardiac arrest.During CPR,both healthcare and non-healthcare workers who provide resuscitation are at risk of infection.The Working Group for Expert Consensus on Prevention and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation for Cardiac Arrest in COVID-19 has developed this Chinese Expert Consensus to guide clinical practice of CPR in COVID-19 patients.Main recommendations:1)A medical team should be assigned to evaluate severe and critical COVID-19 for early monitoring of cardiac-arrest warning signs.2)Psychological counseling and treatment are highly recommended,since sympathetic and vagal abnormalities induced by psychological stress from the COVID-19 pandemic can induce cardiac arrest.3)Healthcare workers should wear personal protective equipment(PPE).4)Mouth-to-mouth ventilation should be avoided on patients suspected of having or diagnosed with COVID-19.5)Hands-only chest compression and mechanical chest compression are recommended.6)Tracheal-intubation procedures should be optimized and tracheal-intubation strategies should be implemented early.7)CPR should be provided for 20-30 min.8)Various factors should be taken into consideration such as the interests of patients and family members,ethics,transmission risks,and laws and regulations governing infectious disease control.Changes in management:The following changes or modifications to CPR strategy in COVID-19 patients are proposed:1)Healthcare workers should wear PPE.2)Hands-only chest compression and mechanical chest compression can be implemented to reduce or avoid the spread of viruses by aerosols.3)Both the benefits to patients and the risk of infection should be considered.4)Hhealthcare workers should be fully aware of and trained in CPR strategies and procedures specifically for patients with COVID-19. | Wei Song Jie Wei Xiangdong Jian Deren Wang Yanhong Ouyang Yuanshui Liu Xianjin Du Ying Chen Yingqi Zhang Heping Xu Shuming Xianyu Qiong Ning Xiang Li Xiaotong Han Feng Zhan Tao Yu Wenteng Chen Jun Zhang Wenwei Cai Sheng’ang Zhou Shengyang Yi Yu Cao Xiaobei Chen Shunjiang Xu Zong’an Liang Duohu Wu Fen Ai Zhong Wang Qingyi Meng Yuhong Mi Sisen Zhang Rongjia Yang Shouchun Yan Wenbin Han Yong Lin Chuanyun Qian Wenwu Zhang Yan Xiong Jun Lv Baochi Liu Yan Cao Xiaojun He Xuelian Sun Yufang Cao Tian’en Zhou | 2021 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2021，14，6： | 0 |
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