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| 1 | Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome显示文摘Human intestinal microbiota create a complex polymi-crobial ecology. This is characterised by its high population density, wide diversity and complexity of interaction. Any dysbalance of this complex intestinal microbiome, both qualitative and quantitative, might have serious health consequence for a macro-organism, including small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome (SIBO).SIBO is defined as an increase in the number and/or alteration in the type of bacteria in the upper gastro-intestinal tract. There are several endogenous defence mechanisms for preventing bacterial overgrowth: gastric acid secretion, intestinal motility, intact ileo-caecal valve, immunoglobulins within intestinal secretion and bacte-riostatic properties of pancreatic and biliary secretion. Aetiology of SIBO is usually complex, associated with disorders of protective antibacterial mechanisms (e.g. achlorhydria, pancreatic exocrine insuff iciency, immuno-deficiency syndromes), anatomical abnormalities (e.g. small intestinal obstruction, diverticula, f istulae, surgical blind loop, previous ileo-caecal resections) and/or motility disorders (e.g. scleroderma, autonomic neuropathy in diabetes mellitus, post-radiation enteropathy, small intestinal pseudo-obstruction). In some patients more than one factor may be involved. Symptoms related to SIBO are bloating, diarrhoea, malabsorption, weight loss and malnutrition. The gold standard for diagnosing SIBO is still microbial investigation of jejunal aspirates. Noninvasive hydrogen and methane breath tests are most commonly used for the diagnosis of SIBO using glucose or lactulose. Therapy for SIBO must be com-plex, addressing all causes, symptoms and complica-tions, and fully individualised. It should include treatment of the underlying disease, nutritional support and cyclical gastro-intestinal selective antibiotics. Prognosis is usually serious, determined mostly by the underlying disease that led to SIBO. | Jan Bures Jiri Cyrany Darina Kohoutova Miroslav Frstl Stanislav Rejchrt Jaroslav Kvetina Viktor Vorisek Marcela Kopacova | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，24： | 52 |
| 2 | Peutz-Jeghers syndrome:Diagnostic and therapeutic approach显示文摘Peutz-Jeghers syndrome(PJS)is an inherited,autosomal dominant disorder distinguished by hamartomatous polyps in the gastrointestinal tract and pigmented mucocutaneous lesions.Prevalence of PJS is estimated from 1 in 8300 to 1 in 280 000 individuals.PJS predisposes sufferers to various malignancies(gastrointestinal,pancreatic,lung,breast,uterine,ovarian and testicular tumors).Bleeding,obstruction and intussusception are common complications in patients with PJS.Double balloon enteroscopy(DBE)allows examination and treatment of the small bowel.Polypectomy using DBE may obviate the need for repeated urgent operations and small bowel resection that leads to short bowel syndrome.Prophylaxis and polypectomy of the entire small bowel is the gold standard in PJS patients.Intraoperative enteroscopy(IOE)was the only possibility for endoscopic treatment of patients with PJS before the DBE era.Both DBE and IOE facilitate exploration and treatment of the small intestine. DBE is less invasive and more convenient for the pa- tient.Both procedures are generally safe and useful. An overall recommendation for PJS patients includes not only gastrointestinal multiple polyp resolution,but also regular lifelong cancer screening(colonoscopy, upper endoscopy,computed tomography,magnetic resonance imaging or ultrasound of the pancreas, chest X-ray,mammography and pelvic examinationwith ultrasound in women,and testicular examination in men).Although the incidence of PJS is low,it is important for clinicians to recognize these disorders to prevent morbidity and mortality in these patients,and to perform presymptomatic testing in the first-degree relatives of PJS patients. | Marcela Kopacova Ilja Tacheci Stanislav Rejchrt Jan Bures | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，43： | 45 |
| 3 | 蝗虫脚掌微结构及其接触的有限元分析显示文摘用电子显微镜研究了蝗虫足掌的微结构 ,用非线性有限元方法分析足掌接触过程的变形规律、接触刚度及接触面积、气囊的作用和足掌的应力应变规律 .结果表明 ,蝗虫足掌以软性外表皮包含血浆 (液体 )的结构形式 ,有利于降低接触刚度、增加接触面积 ,并使爪垫在接触过程便产生有利于稳定附着的摩擦力 .软性外表皮内的树丛状杆组织结构会提高足掌在各种表面上的适应性 。 | 戴振东 Stanislav Gorb | 2003 | 上海交通大学学报2003，37，1： | 21 |
| 4 | Double balloon enteroscopy and acute pancreatitis显示文摘Double balloon enteroscopy(DBE)is a new technique, first published and introduced into clinical practice in 2001 by Yamamoto,the inventor of this outstanding method.DBE allows complete visualization,biopsy and treatment of the small bowel.Nowadays,we have some experience of this method for evaluation of the complica- tion rate.Severe complications are described in 1%-1.7% of patients.Acute pancreatitis is a rare complication of the investigation.The incidence of acute pancreatitis after diagnostic DBE is 0.3%in most studies.More than 50 cases of acute pancreatitis have been described in the literature so far.On the contrary,hyperamylasemia after DBE seems to be a rather common condition.Association with acute pancreatitis is supposed to be possible,but not obligatory.The causal mechanism of post-DBE acute pancreatitis is uncertain,and there are several theories in the literature.The most probable cause seems to be a mechanical straining of the endoscope with over-tube on the pancreas or in the papillary area. | Marcela Kopacova Ilja Tacheci Stanislav Rejchrt Jolana Bartova Jan Bures | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，19： | 18 |
| 5 | Regulation of Sulfate Uptake and Assimilation——the Same or Not the Same?显示文摘种从土壤作为硫酸盐收起必要的滋养的硫,减少它,并且吸收混合物进 bioorganic,与是的半胱氨酸第一个产品。硫酸盐举起和吸收被对减少的硫的要求高度调整,由营养素的可获得性,并且由环境条件。在最后十年,大进步在把被获得了硫新陈代谢的规定。硫酸盐举起和激活的硫酸盐的减小,腺苷 5'-phosphosulfate (APS ) ,看起来到由 APS reductase 的亚硫酸盐是关键规章的步骤。这里,我们在这些过程的规定上考察当前的知识,与给类似和差别的特殊注意。 | Jean-Claude Davidian Stanislav Kopriva | 2010 | Molecular Plant2010，3，2： | 13 |
| 6 | A review on synthesis of graphene,h-BN and MoS2 for energy storage applications:Recent progress and perspectives显示文摘The significance of graphene and its two-dimensional(2D)analogous inorganic layered materials especially as hexagonal boron nitride(h-BN)and molybdenum disulphide(MoS2)for“clean energy”applications became apparent over the last few years due to their extraordinary properties.In this review article we study the current progress and selected challenges in the syntheses of graphene,h-BN and MoS2 including energy storage applications as supercapacitors and batteries.Various substrates/catalysts(metals/insulator/semiconducting)have been used to obtain graphene,h-BN and MoS2 using different kinds of precursors.The most widespread methods for synthesis of graphene,h-BN and MoS2 layers are chemical vapor deposition(CVD),plasma-enhanced CVD,hydro/solvothermal methods,liquid phase exfoliation,physical methods etc.Current research has shown that graphene,h-BN and MoS2 layered materials modified with metal oxide can have an insightful influence on the performance of energy storage devices as supercapacitors and batteries.This review article also contains the discussion on the opportunities and perspectives of these materials(graphene,h-BN and MoS2)in the energy storage fields.We expect that this witen review article including recent research on energy storage will help in generating new insights for further development and practical applications of graphene,h-BN and MoS2 layers based materials. | Rajesh Kumar Sumanta Sahoo Ednan Joanni Rajesh Kumar Singh Ram Manohar Yadav Rajiv Kumar Verma Dinesh Pratap Singh Wai Kian Tan Angel Perez del Pino Stanislav A.Moshkalev Atsunori Matsuda | 2019 | Nano Research2019，12，11： | 12 |
| 7 | 粗糙度对4种聚氨酯弹性体粘着性能的影响显示文摘采用生物摩擦磨损试验台测定了4种聚氨酯的弹性模量,研究了表面粗糙度和法向力对粘着力的影响.结果表明:4种聚氨酯的弹性模量在55~1206kPa之间,粘着力由高到低的排序同其弹性模量排序相反,弹性模量较低的试样的饱和粘着力达到15kPa,且表面粗糙度对粘着力的影响不明显;弹性模量较大的试样的粘着力仅为1.5kPa,随弹性模量增加,表面粗糙度的影响增大;试样之间的接触形式同粘着力密切关系,相当于单个凸峰接触的蓝宝石球对聚氨酯试样的粘着力不受法向力的影响,而在平面接触情况下粘着力先随法向力增加而增大,当法向力超过一定(10~15kPa)值后,粘着力增加趋缓并达到饱和值. | 戴振东 惠春 STANISLAV Gorb | 2003 | 摩擦学学报2003，23，3： | 11 |
| 8 | 两步水解法制备玉米抗氧化活性肽及产物的稳定性显示文摘采用麦芽粉和碱性蛋白酶Alcalase对玉米醇溶蛋白进行两步水解制备玉米肽,以水解度、可溶性蛋白含量和抗氧化活性为指标,对第二步Alcalase的酶解条件进行优化,以确定制备玉米抗氧化肽的最适条件。另外,对玉米抗氧化肽的稳定性进行了研究。结果表明:制备玉米抗氧化肽的最适条件为:第一步麦芽粉水解,在底物浓度10%、pH 5.5、温度50℃、酶底比30%条件下水解3 h;第二步Alcalase酶解,在底物浓度10%、pH 8.5、温度60℃、酶底比0.75%条件下水解6 h。在此条件下,水解度、可溶性蛋白含量、羟基自由基清除率及亚铁离子螯合率分别为24.53%、33.43 mg/mL、30.59%、38.32%,分子量主要分布在300~6500 u(92.51%)范围内。玉米抗氧化肽具有热及贮藏稳定性,在中性和碱性条件下稳定,但不耐受酸性条件(pH 3~5)。 | 王晓杰 刘晓兰 曲悦 夏春荣 Stanislav Sukhikh Anna Andreyeva | 2020 | 中国粮油学报2020，35，12： | 10 |
| 9 | 聚氨酯粘着性能的实验研究显示文摘用生物摩擦学实验系统研究聚氨酯材料的化学成分、试样连接刚度、试样间初始接触角等在不同法向载荷的粘着性能。结果表明,聚氨酯的化学成分对其粘着性能有重要影响,在多羟基化合物与MDI(二异氰酸酯)的组分比为1:2时,粘着力最大。连接刚度是影响粘着性能的另一主要因素。软连接情况下,不同接触角时,同样粗糙的表面上,材料的粘着性能相差不大。不同粗糙度的表面间的粘着力差异显著。刚性连接情况下,粘着力随接触角的增加而减小。在较光滑表面上降低的幅度大于粗糙表面上的幅度。上述实验结果为仿生足掌的设计提供了重要数据。 | 戴振东 Stanislav Gorb | 2004 | 南京理工大学学报2004，28，1： | 10 |
| 10 | Blood pressure and stature in Helicobacter pylori positive and negative persons显示文摘To evaluate vital signs and body indices in Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)positive and negative persons.A total of 22 centres entered the study.They were spread over the whole country,corresponding well to the geographical distribution of the Czech population.A total of 1818 subjects(aged 5-98 years)took part in the study,randomly selected out of 38147 subjects.H.pylori infection was investigated by means of a 13Curea breath test.Data on height,weight,systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate were collected at the clinics of general practitioners.The overall prevalence of H.pylori infection was 30.4%(402/1321)in adults(≥18 year-old)and 5.2%(26/497)in children and adolescents(≤17 year-old).Once adjusted for age and gender,only a difference in body mass index remained statistically significant with H.pylori positive adults showing an increase of 0.6 kg/m2 in body mass index.Once adjusted for age and gender,we found a difference in height between H.pylori positive and H.pylori negative children and adolescents.On further adjustment for place of residence,this difference became statistically significant,with H.pylori positive children and adolescents being on average 3.5 cm shorter.H.pylori positive adults were significantly older compared to H.pylori negative subjects.Once adjusted for age and gender,H.pylori infection had no impact on body weight,body mass index and vital signs either in adults or children and adolescents.Chronic H.pylori infection appeared to be associated with short stature in children.H.pylori infection did not influence blood pressure,body weight and body mass index either in adults or children and adolescents. | Marcela Kopacova Ilona Koupil Bohumil Seifert Miluska Skodova Fendrichova Jana Spirkova Viktor Vorisek Stanislav Rejchrt Tomas Douda Ilja Tacheci Jan Bures | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，19： | 9 |
| 11 | Buried bumper syndrome:A complication of percutaneousendoscopic gastrostomy显示文摘Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy(PEG) is a widely used method of nutrition delivery for patients with longterm insufficiency of oral intake. The PEG complication rate varies from 0.4% to 22.5% of cases, with minor complications being three times more frequent. Buried bumper syndrome(BBS) is a severe complication of this method, in which the internal fixation device migrates alongside the tract of the stoma outside the stomach. Excessive compression of tissue between the external and internal fixation device of the gastrostomy tube is considered the main etiological factor leading to BBS. Incidence of BBS is estimated at around 1%(0.3%-2.4%). Inability to insert, loss of patency and leakage around the PEG tube are considered to be a typical symptomatic triad. Gastroscopy is indicated in all cases in which BBS is suspected. The depth of disc migration in relation to the lamina muscularis propria of the stomach is critical for further therapy and can be estimated by endoscopic or transabdominal ultrasound. BBS can be complicated by gastrointestinal bleeding, perforation, peritonitis, intra-abdominal and abdominal wall abscesses, or phlegmon, and these complications can lead to fatal outcomes. The most important preventive measure is adequate positioning of the external bolster. A conservative approach should be applied only in patients with high operative risk and dismal prognosis. Choice of the method of release is based on the type of the PEG set and depth of disc migration. A disc retained inside the stomach and completely covered by the overgrowing tissue can be released using some type of endoscopic dissection technique(needle knife, argon plasma coagulation, or papillotome through the cannula). Proper patient selection and dissection of the overgrowing tissue are the major determinants for successful endoscopic therapy. A disc localized out of the stomach(lamina muscularis propria) should be treated by a surgeon. | Jiri Cyrany Stanislav Rejchrt Marcela Kopacova Jan Bures | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，2： | 9 |
| 12 | Prevalence and determinants of delayed gastric emptying in hospitalised Type 2 diabetic patients显示文摘AIM: To determine the prevalence of delayed gastric emptying (GE) in older patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: One hundred and forty seven patients with Type 2 diabetes, of whom 140 had been hospitalised, mean age 62.3 ± 8.0 years, HbA1c 9.1% ± 1.9%, treated with either oral hypoglycemic drugs or insulin were studied. GE of a solid meal (scintigraphy), autonomic nerve function, upper gastrointestinal symptoms, acute and chronic glycemic control were evaluated. Gastric emptying results were compared to a control range of hospitalised patients who did not have diabetes. RESULTS: Gastric emptying was delayed (T50 > 85 min) in 17.7% patients. Mean gastric emptying was slower in females (T50 72.1 ± 72.1 min vs 56.9 ± 68.1 min, P = 0.02) and in those reporting nausea (112.3 ± 67.3 vs 62.7 ± 70.0 min, P < 0.01) and early satiety (114.0 ± 135.2 vs 61.1 ± 62.6 min, P = 0.02). There was no correlation between GE with age, body weight, duration of diabetes, neuropathy, current glycemia or the total score for upper gastrointestinal symptoms. CONCLUSION: Prolonged GE occurs in about 20% of hospitalised elderly patients with Type 2 diabetes when compared to hospitalised patients who do not have diabetes. Female gender, nausea and early satiety areassociated with higher probability of delayed GE. | Vladimir Kojecky Jaromir Bernatek Michael Horowitz Stanislav Zemek Jiri Bakala Ales Hep | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，10： | 8 |
| 13 | Significant decrease in prevalence ofHelicobacter pylori in the Czech Republic显示文摘AIM:To study possible decrease in prevalence of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) infection in the Czech Republic within a 10-year period.METHODS:A total of 22 centres entered the study.The catchment areas of these centres covered cities and towns with more than 20 000 inhabitants,smaller towns(≤ 20 000 inhabitants) with surrounding villages and rural areas,and were spread over the whole country,corresponding well to the geographical distribution of the Czech population.A total of 1 837 subjects(aged 5-98 years) took part in the study,randomly selected out of 38 147 people from the general population.H.pylori infection was investigated by means of a 13 C-urea breath test.Breath samples in duplicates were analysed using isotope ratio mass spectrometry.The cut-off point was 3.5.Social and demographic characteristics were based on data from self-completed questionnaires.RESULTS:The overall prevalence of H.pylori infection was 23.5%(430/1826),and 4.8%(20/420) in children aged 15 or less.There was no statistically significant difference in prevalence between males(24.3%;208/857) and females(22.9%,222/969,P = 0.494).H.pylori infection was strongly associated with higher age,among subjects aged 55+ years,prevalence of H.pylori infection was 39.8%(252/633,P < 0.001).The highest prevalence of H.pylori infection was found among persons aged 55-64 years(43.9%,97/221) and 75+ years(37.9%,58/153).Among study subjects aged 15+ years,prevalence of H.pylori infection was significantly increased in those with lowest education(odds risk 3.19,95% CI 1.87-5.47).Compared to never married(14.1%),the prevalence of H.pylori infection was statistically significantly higher among married(35.4%,246/694,P < 0.001),divorced(36.8%,49/133,P < 0.001) and widowed study subjects(40.2%,45/112,P < 0.001),both in minimally and fully adjusted analysis.There was no significant difference in the prevalence of H.pylori infection between married and widowed subjects(35.4%,246/694 vs 40.2%,45/112,P = 0.389).There was little variation in smoking prevalence across categories of smoking and there was no evidence of an increased risk ofH.pylori infection among current or past smokers in our data(odds risk 1.04 with 95% CI 0.78-1.40 for current smokers;odds ratio 0.83 with 95% CI 0.60-1.16 for former smokers).The current prevalence of H.pylori in 2011 was significantly lower compared to the prevalence reported from identical geographical areas in 2001(23.5%vs 41.7%,P < 0.001).CONCLUSION:The overall prevalence of H.pylori infection in the general population has fallen substantially in the Czech Republic over the past 10 years. | Jan Bure Marcela Kopáová Ilona Koupil Bohumil Seifert Miluka kodová Fendrichová Jana pirková Viktor Voíek Stanislav Rejchrt TomáDouda Norbert Král Ilja Tachecí | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，32： | 8 |
| 14 | Contact mechanics of pad of grasshopper (Insecta:ORTHOPTERA) by finite element methods显示文摘During locomotion, insect feet endure dramatic impact force and generate adhesive force which is controlled by the architecture of the foot. The patterns of smooth attachment pads in insect feet vary widely among insect orders and families. The functional significance of the micro-structure and geometric design of insect feet remains largely unknown. In this study, we developed a two-dimensional finite element model of a grasshopper's attachment pad. Realistic geometric microstructure and material properties are applied in the biomechanical analysis of the structural behavior during contact. Here we use scanning electronic microscopy to study the microstructure of the grasshopper's pad, and then use the finite element method to calculate the deformation vector fields, contact stiffness, contact area, function of the airbag and strain fields during the contact process. The results reveal that the geometric design and material topology of a grasshopper's pads are very effective in reducing contact stiffness, increasing contact area and generating high friction force during the contact procedure. The rod-containing structure supporting the soft exocuticle makes the pads highly adaptive to various surfaces and decreases the stress inside the pads. | DAI ZhenDong GORB Stanislav | 2009 | Chinese Science Bulletin2009，54，4： | 7 |
| 15 | The study of drug response to rosuvastatin in patients with coronary heart disease according to the gene polymorphisms of interleukins显示文摘Objective To analyze the effect of interleukin 1 beta-IL1B-511C>T polymorphism on lipid-lowering effect of rosuvastatin in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)combined with acute respiratory viral infection(ARVI).Methods Lipid spectrum,concentrations of C-reactive protein and interleukin 1 beta were analyzed,genotyping of IL-1 beta IL1B-511C>T polymorphism(rs16944)using polymerase chain reaction was provided in 119 patients with CHD combined with ARVI,and in control group of 313 patients suffering from CHD without viral infection from Kursk region.Results Statistically significant increase in total cholesterol(TC)and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)levels was determined in patients with CHD combined with ARVI.The effectiveness of TC and LDL-C reduction using rosuvastatin was less pronounced in this group in comparison with patients without ARVI.Conclusion Comparative analysis of the frequencies of alleles in the genotype of interleukin 1 beta-IL1B-511C>T in patients with CHD combined with ARVI and with CHD without ARVI,reveals no differences. | Galina S.Mal Irina A.Gribovskaya Cui Wei Stanislav I.Kononov He Jiangang | 2017 | 哈尔滨医科大学学报2017，51，5： | 6 |
| 16 | Heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Two for tea or tea for two?显示文摘A combination of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and heart failure (HF) is common yet it is inadequately and rarely recognized. Because of the similar clinical manifestations, comorbidity is frequently not considered and appropriate diagnostic tests are not performed. It is very important that a combination of COPD and HF is recognized as these patients have a worse prognosis than patients with an individual disease. When present, COPD should not prevent the use of life-saving therapy in patients with HF, particularly β-blockers. Despite clear evidence of the safety and tolerability of cardioselective β-blockers in COPD patients, these drugs remain grossly underprescribed and underdosed. Routine spirometry and echocardiography in HF and COPD patients, respectively, is therefore warranted to improve current clinical practice. | Stanislav Suskovic Mitja Kosnik Mitja Lainscak | 2010 | World Journal of Cardiology2010，2，10： | 5 |
| 17 | Modulation of nitrate-induced phosphate response by the MYB transcription factor RLI1/HINGE1 in the nucleus显示文摘The coordinated utilization of nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)is vital for plants to maintain nutrient balance and achieve optimal growth.Previously,we revealed a mechanism by which nitrate induces genes for phosphate utilization;this mechanism depends on NRT1.1B-facilitated degradation of cytoplasmic SPX4,which in turn promotes cytoplasmic-nuclear shuttling of PHR2,the central transcription factor of phosphate signaling,and triggers the nitrate-induced phosphate response(NIPR)and N-P coordinated utilization in rice.In this study,we unveiled a fine-tuning mechanism of NIPR in the nucleus regulated by Highly Induced by Nitrate Gene 1(HINGE1,also known as RLI1),a MYB-transcription factor closely related to PHR2.RLI1/HINGE1,which is transcriptionally activated by PHR2 under nitrate induction,can directly activate the expression of phosphate starvation-induced genes.More importantly,RLI1/HINGE1 competes with PHR2 for binding to its repressor proteins in the nucleus(SPX proteins),and consequently releases PHR2 to further enhance phosphate response.Therefore,RLI1/HINGE1 amplifies the phosphate response in the nucleus downstream of the cytoplasmic SPX4-PHR2 cascade,thereby enabling fine-tuning of N-P balance when nitrate supply is sufficient. | Zhihua Zhang Zhao Li Wei Wang Zhimin Jiang Liping Guo Xiaohan Wang Yangwen Qian Xiahe Huang Yongqiang Liu Xiujie Liu Yahong Liu Aifu Li Yu Yan Junpeng Xie Shouyun Cao Stanislav Kopriva Legong Li Fanjiang Kong Baohui Liu Yingchun Wang Bin Hu Chengcai Chu | 2021 | Molecular Plant2021，14，3： | 4 |
| 18 | Sinterability of nanopowders of terbia solid solutions with scandia,yttria,and lutetia显示文摘The synthesis of nanopowders of terbia compounds with scandia, yttria, and lutetia was carried out using a self-propagating high-temperature synthesis method involving a mixture of nitrates of metals and glycine as a precursor. The nanopowder phase transformations were investigated using X-ray diffraction analysis. It was found that lutetia has a negligible effect on the phase formation in terbia. On the other hand, yttrium and scandium ions significantly suppressed crystallization. The densification kinetics of nanopowders of the Tb_2O_3 compounds and the microstructure of ceramics after microwave sintering were studied using dilatometry and scanning electron microscopy. The introduction of scandia, yttria, or lutetia contributed to the intensification of the densification of the terbia ceramics when heated in a microwave field. Near full-density materials of terbia solid solutions with lutetia and yttria were obtained at about 1600–1640 ℃. The ceramics of scandia–terbia compounds contained the second phase, which causes light scattering. | Stanislav S.BALABANOV Dmitry А.PERMIN Elena Ye.ROSTOKINA Sergey V.EGOROV ANDrey A.SOROKIN | 2018 | Journal of Advanced Ceramics2018，7，4： | 3 |
| 19 | Gastrointestinal microbiome and Helicobacter pylori:Eradicate,leave it as it is,or take a personalized benefit-risk approach?显示文摘Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)is generally regarded as a human pathogen and a class 1 carcinogen,etiologically related to gastric and duodenal ulcers,gastric cancer,and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma.However,H.pylori can also be regarded as a commensal symbiont.Unlike other pathogenic/opportunistic bacteria,H.pylori colonization in infancy is facilitated by T helper type 2 immunity and leads to the development of immune tolerance.Fucosylated gastric mucin glycans,which are an important part of the innate and adaptive immune system,mediate the adhesion of H.pylori to the surface of the gastric epithelium,contributing to successful colonization.H.pylori may have beneficial effects on the host by regulating gastrointestinal(GI)microbiota and protecting against some allergic and autoimmune disorders and inflammatory bowel disease.The potential protective role against inflammatory bowel disease may be related to both modulation of the gut microbiota and the immunomodulatory properties of H.pylori.The inverse association between H.pylori and some potentially proinflammatory and/or procarcinogenic bacteria may suggest it regulates the GI microbiota.Eradication of H.pylori can cause various adverse effects and alter the GI microbiota,leading to short-term or long-term dysbiosis.Overall,studies have shown that gastric Actinobacteria decrease after H.pylori eradication,Proteobacteria increase during short-term follow-up and then return to baseline levels,and Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus increase in the short-term and interim follow-up.Various gastric mucosal bacteria(Actinomyces,Granulicatella,Parvimonas,Peptostreptococcus,Prevotella,Rothia,Streptococcus,Rhodococcus,and Lactobacillus)may contribute to precancerous gastric lesions and cancer itself after H.pylori eradication.H.pylori eradication can also lead to dysbiosis of the gut microbiota,with increased Proteobacteria and decreased Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria.The increase in gut Proteobacteria may contribute to adverse effects during and after eradication.The decrease in Actinobacteria,which are pivotal in the maintenance of gut homeostasis,can persist for>6 mo after H.pylori eradication.Furthermore,H.pylori eradication can alter the metabolism of gastric and intestinal bacteria.Given the available data,eradication cannot be an unconditional recommendation in every case of H.pylori infection,and the decision to eradicate H.pylori should be based on an assessment of the benefit-risk ratio for the individual patient.Thus,the current guidelines based on the unconditional'test-and-treat'strategy should be revised.The most cautious and careful approach should be taken in elderly patients with multiple eradication failures since repeated eradication can cause antibiotic-associated diarrhea,including severe Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea and colitis and antibiotic-associated hemorrhagic colitis due to Klebsiella oxytoca.Furthermore,since eradication therapy with antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors can lead to serious adverse effects and/or dysbiosis of the GI microbiota,supplementation of probiotics,prebiotics,and microbial metabolites(e.g.,butyrate+inulin)should be considered to decrease the negative effects of eradication. | Stanislav Sitkin Leonid Lazebnik Elena Avalueva Svetlana Kononova Timur Vakhitov | 2022 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2022，28，7： | 3 |
| 20 | Retinal ganglion cell neuroprotection by growth factors and exosomes:lessons from mesenchymal stem cells显示文摘Retinal ganglions cells(RGCs)are responsible for propagating electrochemical information from the eye to the brain along their axons which make up the optic nerve.The loss of RGCs is characteristic in several conditions such as glaucoma and traumatic optic neuropathy and leads to visual loss and blindness.While no therapy exists to directly treat RGCs,the use of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)has | Ben Mead Stanislav Tomarev | 2018 | Neural Regeneration Research2018，13，2： | 3 |
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