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| 1 | 在 7T 的多原子的磁性的回声光谱学的应用显示文摘 AIM: To discuss the advantages of ultra-high field (7T) for 1H and 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies of metabolism.made at both 3 and 7T using 1H MRS. Measurements of glycogen and lipids in muscle were measured using 13C and 1H MRS respectively. RESULTS: In the brain, increased signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and dispersion allows spectral separation of the amino-acids glutamate, glutamine and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), without the need for sophisticated editing sequences. Improved quantification of these me-tabolites is demonstrated at 7T relative to 3T. SNR was 36% higher, and measurement repeatability (% coefficients of variation) was 4%, 10% and 10% at 7T, vs 8%, 29% and 21% at 3T for glutamate, glutamine and GABA respectively. Measurements at 7T were used to compare metabolite levels in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and insula. Creatine and glutamate levels were found to be significantly higher in the insula compared to the ACC (P < 0.05). In muscle, the increased SNR and spectral resolution at 7T enables interleaved studies of glycogen (13C) and intra-myocellular lipid (IMCL) and extra-myocellular lipid (EMCL) (1H) following exercise and refeeding. Glycogen levels were sig-nificantly decreased following exercise (-28% at 50% VO2 max; -58% at 75% VO2 max). Interestingly, levels of glycogen in the hamstrings followed those in the quadriceps, despite reduce exercise loading. No changes in IMCL and EMCL were found in the study. CONCLUSION: The demonstrated improvements in brain and muscle MRS measurements at 7T will increase the potential for use in investigating human metabolism and changes due to pathologies. | Mary C Stephenson Frances Gunner Antonio Napolitano Paul L Greenhaff Ian A MacDonald Nadeem Saeed William Vennart Susan T Francis Peter G Morris | 2011 | World Journal of Radiology2011，3，4： | 2 |
| 2 | Properties of diamond tool binders with fine carbonyl Ni powder additions显示文摘Fine Ni powder is often added to Co and bronze-based metal binder powders for diamond tool segments.Ni is a lower cost substitute for extra-fine Co powder and increases the toughness of Co-Fe diamond binders at the expense of lower hardness and bend strength.In bronze-based diamond binder segments,Ni increases hardness and yield strength.Several grades of Ni powder are used commercially with both Co and bronze-based diamond binders.This paper compares properties of diamond binders containing carbonyl Ni powders including standard Inco(?) T255,T123 PM and T 110 PM.Binder materials were made by ball milling or dry mixing of the fine carbonyl Ni and Fe powders with either XF Co or air atomized bronze(90/10 Cu/Sn) powders.Co-based powder blends were hot pressed at 20~35 MPa and 700℃to 900℃.Bronze-based powder blends were cold pressed and sintered at 840℃.Apparent density,apparent hardness and bend strength(TRS) were compared for different binder compositions and processing conditions. | Stephenson T F Korotkin M Metcalfe S | 2008 | 金刚石与磨料磨具工程2008，28，S1： | 2 |
| 3 | Effect of influent organic content on digested sludge extracellular polymer content and dew waterability 显示文摘 | HOUGHTON J I STEPHENSON T | 2002 | Water Research2002，36，： | 1 |
| 4 | Biomass yield reduction: is biochemical manipulation possible without affecting activated sludge process efficiency显示文摘 | Mayhew M Stephenson T | 1998 | Water Sci Technol1998，38，89： | 1 |
| 5 | Investigation of the heat partitioning in high efficiency deep grinding显示文摘 | Jin T Stephenson D J | 2003 | International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture2003，43，： | 1 |
| 6 | Effect of influent organic content on digested sludge extracellular polymer content and dewaterability 显示文摘 | Houghton J I Stephenson T | 2002 | Water Research2002，36，14： | 1 |
| 7 | Estimating the insertion site daring retrograde intramedullary tibiotaloealeaneal arthrodesis 显示文摘 | Stephenson K A Kile T A Graves S C | 1996 | Foot Ankle Int1996，17，12： | 1 |
| 8 | Performance of floating and sunken media biological aerated filters under unsteady state conditions显示文摘 | Mann A T Mendoza-Espinosa L Stephenson T | 1999 | Water Research1999，33，4： | 1 |
| 9 | Nitrification in a bubbleless oxygen mass transfer membrane bioreactor显示文摘 | Brindle K Stephenson T | 1996 | Water Sci Technoi1996，34，9： | 1 |
| 10 | Paediatric primary care in Europe: variation between countries 显示文摘 | Stephenson T | 2010 | Arch Dis Child2010，95，10： | 1 |
| 11 | Effect of influent organic content on digested sludge extracellular polymer content and dewaterability显示文摘 | HOUGHTON J I STEPHENSON T | 2002 | Water Research2002，36，： | 1 |
| 12 | Phosphorusremoval by chemical precipitation in biological aerated fil-ter显示文摘 | CLARK T STEPHENSON T PEARCE P A | 1997 | Water Research1997，31，10： | 1 |
| 13 | The application of membrane biologicalreactors for the treatment of wastewater 显示文摘 | Brindle K Stephenson T | 1996 | Biotechnology andBioengineering1996，49，6： | 1 |
| 14 | A study of the convection heat trans- fer coefficients of grinding fluids 显示文摘 | Jin T Stephenson D J | 2008 | CIRP Annals-Manu- facturing Technology2008，，57： | 1 |
| 15 | The application of membrane biological reactors for the treatment of wastewaters显示文摘 | Brindle K Stephenson T | 1996 | Biotechnology and Bioengineering1996，49，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Does transurethral resection of the prostate compromise the radical treatment of the prostate cancer显示文摘 | Stephenson R A | 1996 | Semin Urol Oncol1996，14，： | 1 |
| 17 | Hollow fibre bio- reactor for wastewater treatment using bubbleless mem- brane aeration 显示文摘 | PANKHANIA M STEPHENSON T | 1994 | Water Research1994，28，10： | 1 |
| 18 | Paving: A new approach to automated quadrilateral mesh generation 显示文摘 | Blacker T D Stephenson M B | 1991 | International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering1991，32，： | 1 |
| 19 | Municipal Wastewater Sludge Dewaterability and the Presence of Microbial Ex- tracellular Polymer显示文摘 | Houghton J I Quarmby J Stephenson T | 2001 | Water Science and Technology2001，44，23： | 1 |
| 20 | Transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B is activated in neurons after focal cerebral is chemia显示文摘 | Stephenson D Yin T Smalstig EB | 2000 | J Cereb Blood Flow Metab2000，20，3： | 1 |
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