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| 1 | Phase angle obtained by bioelectrical impedance analysis independently predicts mortality in patients with cirrhosis显示文摘AIM To evaluate the prognostic value of the phase angle(PA)obtained from bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA) for mortality prediction in patients with cirrhosis. METHODS In total, 134 male cirrhotic patients prospectively completed clinical evaluations and nutritional assessment by BIA to obtain PAs during a 36-mo follow-up period. Mortality risk was analyzed by applying the PA cutoff point recently proposed as a malnutrition marker(PA ≤ 4.9°) in Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariate Cox regression models. RESULTS The patients were divided into two groups according to the PA cutoff value(PA > 4.9°, n = 73; PA ≤ 4.9°, n = 61). Weight, height, and body mass index were similar in both groups, but patients with PAs > 4.9° were younger and had higher mid-arm muscle circumference, albumin, and handgrip-strength values and lower severe ascites and encephalopathy incidences, interleukin(IL)-6/IL-10 ratios and C-reactive protein levels than did patients with PAs ≤ 4.9°(P ≤ 0.05). Forty-eight(35.80%) patients died due to cirrhosis, with a median of 18 mo(interquartile range, 3.3-25.6 mo) follow-up until death. Thirty-one(64.60%) of these patients were from the PA ≤ 4.9° group. PA ≤ 4.9° significantly and independently affected the mortality model adjusted for Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score and age(hazard ratio = 2.05, 95%CI: 1.11-3.77, P = 0.021). In addition, Kaplan-Meier curves showed that patients with PAs ≤ 4.9° were significantly more likely to die. CONCLUSION In male patients with cirrhosis, the PA ≤ 4.9° cutoff was associated independently with mortality and identified patients with worse metabolic, nutritional, and disease progression profiles. The PA may be a useful and reliable bedside tool to evaluate prognosis in cirrhosis. | Giliane Belarmino Maria Cristina Gonzalez Raquel S Torrinhas Priscila Sala Wellington Andraus Luiz Augusto Carneiro D'Albuquerque Rosa Maria R Pereira Valéria F Caparbo Graziela R Ravacci Lucas Damiani Steven B Heymsfield Dan L Waitzberg | 2017 | World Journal of Hepatology2017，9，7： | 11 |
| 2 | Circular smooth muscle contributes to esophageal shortening during peristalsis显示文摘AIM:To study the angle between the circular smooth muscle(CSM) and longitudinal smooth muscle(LSM) fibers in the distal esophagus.METHODS:In order to identify possible mechanisms for greater shortening in the distal compared to proximal esophagus during peristalsis,the angles between the LSM and CSM layers were measured in 9 cadavers.The outer longitudinal layer of the muscularis propria was exposed after stripping the outer serosa.The inner circular layer of the muscularis propria was then revealed after dissection of the esophageal mucosa and the underlying muscularis mucosa.Photographs of each specimen were taken with half of the open esophagus folded back showing both the outer longitudinal and inner circular muscle layers.Angles were measured every one cm for 10 cm proximal to the squamocolumnar junction(SCJ) by two independent investigators.Two human esophagi were obtained from organ transplant donors and the angles between the circular and longitudinal smooth muscle layers were measured using micro-computed tomography(micro CT) and Image J software.RESULTS:All data are presented as mean ± SE.The CSM to LSM angle at the SCJ and 1 cm proximal to SCJ on the autopsy specimens was 69.3 ± 4.62 degrees vs 74.9 ± 3.09 degrees,P = 0.32.The CSM to LSM angle at SCJ were statistically significantly lower than at 2,3,4 and 5 cm proximal to the SCJ,69.3 ± 4.62 degrees vs 82.58 ± 1.34 degrees,84.04 ± 1.64 degrees,84.87 ± 1.04 degrees and 83.72 ± 1.42 degrees,P = 0.013,P = 0.008,P = 0.004,P = 0.009 respectively.The CSM to LSM angle at SCJ was also statistically significantly lower than the angles at 6,7 and 8 cm proximal to the SCJ,69.3 ± 4.62 degrees vs 80.18 ± 2.09 degrees,81.81 ± 1.75 degrees and 80.96 ± 2.04 degrees,P = 0.05,P = 0.02,P = 0.03 respectively.The CSM to LSM angle at 1 cm proximal to SCJ was statistically significantly lower than at 3,4 and 5 cm proximal to the SCJ,74.94 ± 3.09 degrees vs 84.04 ± 1.64 degrees,84.87 ± 1.04 degrees and 83.72 ± 1.42 degrees,P = 0.019,P = 0.008,P = 0.02 respectively.At 10 cm above SCJ the angle was 80.06 ± 2.13 degrees which is close to being perpendicular but less than 90 degrees.The CSM to LSM angles measured on virtual dissection of the esophagus and the stomach on micro CT at the SCJ and 1 cm proximal to the SCJ were 48.39 ± 0.72 degrees and 50.81 ± 1.59 degrees.Rather than the angle of the CSM and LSM being perpendicular in the esophagus we found an acute angulation between these two muscle groups throughout the lower 10 cm of the esophagus.CONCLUSION:The oblique angulation of the CSM may contribute to the significantly greater shortening of distal esophagus when compared to the mid and proximal esophagus during peristalsis. | Anil K Vegesna Keng-Yu Chuang Ramashesai Besetty Steven J Phillips Alan S Braverman Mary F Barbe Michael R Ruggieri Larry S Miller | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，32： | 7 |
| 3 | Soil moisture: A central and unifying theme in physical geography显示文摘 | Legates David R Mahmood Rezaul Levia Delphis F DeLiberty Tracy L Quiring Steven M Houser Chris Nelson Frederick E | 2011 | Progress in Physical Geography2011，，1： | 2 |
| 4 | Heavy metal assessment for surface sediments fromthree areas of the Portuguese continental shelf 显示文摘 | Mil-Homens M Stevens R L Abrantes F | 2006 | Continental Shelf Research2006，26，10： | 1 |
| 5 | Apparent digestibility of gross nutrients from feedstuffs in extruded feeds for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss ) 显示文摘 | GAYLORD T G BARROWS F T STEVEN D R | 2008 | Journal of the World Aquaculture Society2008，39，6： | 1 |
| 6 | Ankle: isotropic MR imagingwith 3D-FSE-cube-initial experience in healthy volunteers显示文摘 | Stevens K J Busse R F Han E | 2008 | Radi-ology2008，249，3： | 1 |
| 7 | C-Methyl-flavonoids from the leaf waxes of some Myrtaceae显示文摘 | Eckhard Wollenweber Rüdiger Wehde Marion D?rr Günter Lang Jan F Stevens | 2000 | Phytochemistry2000，，8： | 1 |
| 8 | Contour integration in the peripheral field显示文摘 | Hess R F Steven C D | 1999 | Vision Research1999，39，5： | 1 |
| 9 | Pericentral Hepatic Fibrosis and Intracellular Hyalin in Diabetes Mellitus显示文摘 | Kenneth R F alchuk Steven C | 1980 | Gastroente rology1980，78，： | 1 |
| 10 | Heavy metal assessment for surface sediments from three areas of the Portuguese continental shelf 显示文摘 | Mil-Homens M Stevens R L Abrantesa F | 2006 | Continental Shelf Research2006，26，： | 1 |
| 11 | Screening two Lycopersicon peruvianum collections for resistance to Tomato spotted wilt virus 显示文摘 | Gerdillo L F Stevens M R Millard M A | 2008 | Plant Disease2008，92，： | 1 |
| 12 | Cytokines for Psychologists: Implications of Bio-directional Immune-to-Brain Communication for Understanding Behavior Mood and Cognition显示文摘 | Maier Linda R | 1998 | Psyhchological Review1998，105，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Boron isotope evidence for the involvement of non-marine evaporites in the origin of the Broken Hills ore deposits 显示文摘 | Palmer M R Stevens B P J | 1989 | Nature1989，342，： | 1 |
| 14 | Phosphite Stabilization Effects on Two-step Melt-spun Fi- bers of Polylactide显示文摘 | John A Ciceroa John R Dorgana Steven F Decb | 2002 | Polymer Degradation and Stability2002，78，： | 1 |
| 15 | Preoperative lower esophageal sphincter pressure affects outcome of laparoscopic esophageal myotomy for achalasia显示文摘 | Mustafa A Arain Jeffrey H Peters Anan P Tamhankar Giuseppe Portale Gideon Almogy Steven R DeMeester Peter F Crookes Jeffrey A Hagen Cedric G Bremner Tom R DeMeester | 2004 | Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2004，，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Origin and significance of tourmaline-rich rocks in the Broken Hills district,Australia 显示文摘 | Palmer M R Stevens B P J | 1994 | Econ Geol1994，88，： | 1 |
| 17 | Alzheimer's & Dementia:Assessment of memantine treatment effects on language asmine Fokkens 显示文摘 | Steven F Philippe R Bengt W | 2008 | The Journal of the Alzheimer''s Association2008，4，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Avian and hu-man receptor binding by hemagglutinins of influenza A viruses显示文摘 | Russell R J Stevens D J HaireL F | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 19 | Disaggregat- ing census data for population mapping using random for- ests with remotely-sensed and ancillary data显示文摘 | Stevens F R Gaughan A E Linard C | 2015 | PLoS ONE2015，10，10： | 1 |
| 20 | The distribution and retention of hexavalent 233U in the beagle显示文摘 | Stevens W Bruenger F W Atherton D R | | 0，，01： | 1 |
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