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| 1 | Satellite monitoring of land-use and land-cover changes in northern Togo protected areas显示文摘Remote-sensing data for protected areas in northern Togo, obtained in three different years(2007, 2000, and 1987), were used to assess and map changes in land cover and land use for this drought prone zone. The normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) was applied to the images to map changes in vegetation. An unsupervised classification, followed by classes recoding, filtering, identifications, area computing and post-classification process were applied to the composite of the three years of NDVI images. Maximum likelihood classification was applied to the 2007 image(ETM+2007) using a supervised classification process. Seven vegetation classes were defined from training data sets. The seven classes included the following biomes: riparian forest, dry forest, flooded vegetation, wooded savanna, fallows, parkland, and water. For these classes, the overall accuracy and the overall kappa statistic for the classified map were 72.5% and 0.67, respectively. Data analyses indicated a great change in land resources; especially between 1987 and 2000 probably due to the impact of democratization process social, economic, and political disorder from 1990. Wide-scale loss of vegetation occurred during this period. However, areas of vegetation clearing and regrowth were more visible between 2000 and 2007. The main source of confusion in the contingency matrix was due to heterogeneity within certain classes. It could also be due to spectral homogeneity among the classes. This research provides a baseline for future ecological landscape research and for the next management program in the area. | Fousseni Folega Chun-yu Zhang Xiu-hai Zhao Kperkouma Wala Komlan Batawila Hua-guo Huang Marra Dourma Koffi Akpagana | 2014 | Journal of Forestry Research2014，25，2： | 2 |
| 2 | Long Term Evaluation of Green Vegetation Cover Dynamic in the Atacora Mountain Chain(Togo) and its Relation to Carbon Sequestration in West Africa显示文摘The research was done in the Atacora Mountain chain in Togo which tended to assess the change of vegetation cover during a 24-year period.It also aims to evaluate the dynamic of the net primary productivity(NPP) of the living plants over the same period.The Landsat imagery covering three different periods(1987, 2000, and 2011) was pre-processed to correct atmospheric and radiometric parameters as well as gapfilling the 2011 SCL-off images.Then, the vegetation indices such as NDVI(normalized difference vegetation index), SR(simple ratiovegetation index), SAVI(soil-adjusted vegetation index), and CASA(carnegie- ames- stanford approach)model for NPP were applied on these images after masking the study area.The results showed a quiet decrease in the vegetation cover.The vegetation loss was more significant from 2000 to 2011 than from1987 to 2000, and anthropogenic activities can be deemed as the main cause of the vegetation loss.The biomass assessment by NPP computation also showed a decrease over the time.Similar to the change of the vegetation cover, the ecosystem net productivity was very low in 2011 compared to 2000 and 1987.It seems that the general health condition of thevegetation, including its potentiality in carbon sinking,was negatively affected in this area, which has already been under threatened.A perpetual monitoring of these ecosystems by means of efficient techniques could enhance the sustainable management tools of in the framework of reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation(REDD). | Fousseni FOLEGA Yao Agbélessessi WOEGAN Dourma MARRA Kperkouma WALA Komlan BATAWILA Jean Leonardo SEBURANGA ZHANG Chun-yu PENG Dao-li ZHAO Xiu-hai Koffi AKPAGANA | 2015 | Journal of Mountain Science2015，12，4： | 2 |
| 3 | Assessment and impact of anthropogenic disturbances in protected areas of northern Togo显示文摘These days,human activities in the savanna and the remaining dry and riparian forests of the Sudanian ecoregions continue to have their impact.These anthropogenic practices are still the main cause of disturbances in these areas.In order to investigate and assess the importance of these disturbances,caused by people bordering on protected areas and to determine the relation between these activities and the environment in which they are carried out,220 samples were selected in the three main protected areas of northern Togo.The investigation was mainly qualitative,considering the floristic sampling of this drought area;any anthropogenic activities observed were recorded.A simple investigative questionnaire about the activities of rural people in the reserved areas was distributed to individuals encountered in the study area.Each sample in the investigation ended with a site description of its ecological characterization,i.e.,soil features,topography,fauna footprints,dominant plant species and GPS position;we also took photographs of the site.Data processing was entirely based on descriptive statistics and a factor analysis.The results show that eight kinds of human activities,i.e.,the use of pastures,tree cutting,bush fires,charcoal production,harvesting of plant material,farming,honey harvesting and hunting,were noted to be serious disturbances to the integrity of the ecosystems.Among these disturbances,three are recurrent in all the sampled areas of which the use of pastures accounts for 31.88%,tree cutting for 30.35% and bush fires for 30.13%.Fire and pasture disturbances are closely linked and are responsible for the current features of the savanna area of the region.Tree cutting is more a direct function of the need for the production of wood fuel,generally used by city populations.Hunting,farming and honey production are of lesser importance in the area and therefore,do not pose a significantly negative effect on the growth of fauna and flora.Knowledge of these disturbances in the context of requalification and a renewed demarcation of protected areas in Togo is essential for their sustainable management. | Folega FOUSSENI Dourma MARRA Kperkouma WALA Komlan BATAWILA ZHANG Chun-yu ZHAO Xiu-hai Koffi AKPAGANA | 2012 | Forestry Studies in China2012，14，3： | 1 |
| 4 | Assessment of multifunctional landscapes dynamics in the mountainous basin of the Mo River (Togo, West Africa)显示文摘在这研究,历史的风景动力学被调查到陆地使用 / 盖住打年的(i) 地图 1972, 1987, 2000 和 2014;(ii ) 决定风景动力学的类型和过程;并且(iii ) 随着时间的过去估计风景破碎和产地损失。多时间的 Landsat 图象的监督分类通过一条基于象素的途径被使用。分类以后的方法包括了系统、随机的变化察觉,轨道分析和风景破碎评价。全面精确性(并且 Kappa 统计) 具有 68.86%(0.63 ) , 91.32%(0.79 ) , 90.66%(0.88 ) 并且 91.88%(0.89 ) 为 1972, 1987, 2000 和 2014 分别地。时间空间的分析显示森林,树林和大平原在四个日期期间统治了风景,尽管经常的 areal 减少被观察。最重要的动态进程是有平均年度网络损失率 of-2% 的树林的衰落。同时,最重要的陆地转变发生在转变 2000-2014 期间,由于人为的压力。尽管植被新鲜的最重要的损失发生在没有防卫的区域,变化的全面分析显示了陆地盖子质量和增加的风景破碎的一个衰退趋势。当时,持续保存策略应该被支持在降级的陆地和碎裂的生态系统上集中恢复注意以便支持农村生计和生物多样性保存。 | DIWEDIGA Badabate AGODZO Sampson WALA Kperkouma LE Quang Bao | 2017 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2017，27，5： | 1 |
| 5 | Botanical Assessment of Forest Genetic Resources Used in Traditional Cosmetic in Togo (West Africa)显示文摘 | Hodabalo Pereki Komlan Batawila Kperkouma Wala Marra Dourma Semihinva Akpavi Koffi Akpagana Messanvi Gbeassor Jean-Luc Ansel | 2012 | Journal of Life Sciences2012，6，8： | 0 |
| 6 | Edible Wild Fruit Highly Consumed during Food Shortage Period in Togo: State of Knowledge and Conservation Status显示文摘 | Abalo Atato Kperkouma Wala Komlan Batawila Nieyidouba Lamien Koffi Akpagana | 2011 | Journal of Life Sciences2011，5，12： | 0 |
| 7 | Land use patterns and tree species diversity in the Volta Geological Unit, Togo显示文摘The application of remote sensing in understanding tree species structural diversity and land use patterns relationship is imperative for reforestation and biodiversity conservation efforts. This study assesses land use patterns and tree species structural diversity in previously reforested hilly sandstone regions of northern Togo. The physical height, and diameter at breast height(DBH) more than 5 cm of all tree species in each given plot were measured in summer 2017. A total of 75 plots of 900 m^2 installed along the toposequence were recorded. In addition, a semi-supervised classification of Landsat 8 images in January of 2018, was also used to classify the land use patterns. 36 tree species and 19 families were recorded for the entire study area. Meanwhile, 19 tree species and 15 families were recorded for the previously afforested zones. The most abundant species included the Sterculiaceae, Zygophyllaceae, Meliaceae, and Mimosaceae. The trees stand structure represented 8.61 ± 0.57 m, 11.28 ± 1.76 cm, and 0.018 ± 0.009 m^2 per hectare for height, diameter and basal area respectively. Major land use patterns were tree and shrub savannahs, parklands and croplands which represented over 60% of the landscape. It is necessary to examine the regeneration and vegetative multiplication potentials of the most frequent and abundant tree species for any eventual future afforestation programs in these hilly sandstone regions of northern Togo. | FOLEGA Fousseni ATAKPAMA Wouyo WALA Kperkouma MUKETE Beckline SHOZO Shibata AKIRA Osawa ZHAO Xiu-hai AKPAGANA Koffi | 2019 | Journal of Mountain Science2019，16，8： | 0 |
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