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| 1 | Magnetism parameters characteristics of drilling deposits in Jianghan Plain and indication for forming of the Yangtze River Three Gorges显示文摘The forming time of the Yangtze River Three Gorges is considered as one of keys in the research on the Yangtze River,also is one of the most disputed hotspots.In order to solve the difficult problem,the authors adopt the internationally recognized thoughts and methods of substance tracing from source to sink.The lithologic characteristics,magnetic parameters and magnetic mineral characteristics of deposits in 2 bores are analyzed,which are both sampled from the sedimentary center of the Jianghan Plain.The results are as follows:At about 110 m depth of the core,the contents of coarse materials and stable magnetic mineral both increase significantly.Meanwhile,the magnetic susceptibility of sediment,saturation isothermal remanent magnetization and magnetic susceptibility values of anhysteretic remanent magnetism increase suddenly,which all reflect that at about 110 m depth,the important adjustment has appeared in water system of the Jianghan Plain,and the sedimentary environment and material composition have changed greatly.And it may be the horizon where the Yangtze River Three Gorges formed,its forming time reflected by the paleomagnetic dating is between 1.17 and 1.12Ma B.P. | ZHANG YuFen LI Chang'An WANG QiuLiang CHEN Liang Ma YongFa KANG ChunGuo | 2008 | Chinese Science Bulletin2008，53，4： | 34 |
| 2 | Two-dimensional polymeric carbon nitride: structural engineering for optimizing photocatalysis显示文摘As a two-dimensional(2D) material, polymeric carbon nitride(g-C_3N_4) nanosheet holds great potentials in environmental purification and solar energy conversion. In this review, we summarized latest progress in the optimization of photocatalytic performance in 2D g-C_3N_4. Some of the latest structural engineering methods were summed up, where the relevant influences on the behaviors of photoinduced species were emphasized. Furthermore, the construction strategies for band structure modulation and charge separation promotion were then discussed in detail. A brief discussion on the opportunity and challenge of 2D g-C_3N_4-based photocatalysis are presented as the conclusion of this review. | Wenjun Jiang Hui Wang Xiaodong Zhang Yongfa Zhu Yi Xie | 2018 | Science China Chemistry2018，61，10： | 7 |
| 3 | Soya saponin improves egg-laying performance and immune function of laying hens显示文摘Background:Soya saponin(SS),an active compound in soybean meals,has been widely studied in the medical field.However,it was considered as an anti-nutritional factor in poultry diets.The objective of this experiment was to measure the effects of dietary SS using three dietary treatments on egg-laying performance and immune function of laying hens.Birds were fed a low soybean meal basal diet(CON),a low-SS diet(50 SS)containing 50mg/kg SS,or a high-SS diet(500 SS)containing 500 mg/kg SS for 10 weeks.At the end of the 5th and 10th week of the trial,samples were collected for analysis.Results:Results showed that with 50 mg/kg SS supplementation,the egg production rate,feed conversion ratio(FCR),and eggshell quality tended to be improved.Serum follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)and Interleukin-4(IL-4)levels were also elevated as well as the peripheral blood LPS stimulation index,the proportion of B lymphocytes,and antibody titer of bovine serum albumin(BSA).We also found that mRNA levels of follicle stimulating hormone receptor(FSHR)in ovarian,nuclear transcription factor kappa B(NF-κB),Transforming growth factor(TGF-β)and interferonγ(IFN-γ)in spleen were up-regulated at the end of the trial.Additionally,dietary 50 mg/kg SS improved the ileal flora via up-regulating the relative abundance of Lactobacillus,Romboutsia and Lactobacillus delbrueckii.Although the immune related indicators were improved with 500 mg/kg SS supplemented,it seemed to have a negative influence on the laying-performance.Specifically,serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT),alkaline phosphatase(ALP),and the ratio of IFN-γto IL-4 were increased in the 500 SS group at the end of the trial.The m RNA levels of gonadotropin releasing hormone 1(GnRH1)in Hypothalamus,the estrogen related receptor(ERR)in ovaries were downregulated as well as the egg production rate during the trial with 500 mg/kg SS supplemented.Conclusions:The egg production performance was improved by dietary supplemented with 50 mg/kg SS via increasing ovarian FSHR transcription level and serum estrogen level.A beneficial shift in intestinal microflora was recorded,and the immune function of laying hens was also improved with 50 mg/kg SS supplementation.Surprisingly,the long-term supplementation of 500 mg/kg SS exerted a negative impact on the laying performance and physiological functions of the liver of laying hens. | Peng Li Yizhu Zhao Shaojia Yan Bocheng Song Yongfa Liu Mingkun Gao Dazhi Tang Yuming Guo | 2022 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2022，13，3： | 5 |
| 4 | Photocatalytic activity enhanced via surface hybridization显示文摘Surface hybrid inorganic semiconductors photocatalysts withπconjugated structure have recently been widely used in the field of photocatalytic environmental remediation and energy conversion.Surface hybridization is considered to be an efficient way to significantly enhance the photocatalytic activity by several times,completely inhibit photocorrosion of inorganic photocatalysts and expand the spectral response range of photocatalysts.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the surface hybridization definition,the principle of enhancing photocatalytic performance and the control factors of surface hybridization to promote photoactivity.Summarize the preparation and structural identification method of the surface hybrid photocatalyst.Special emphasis is placed on the various photocatalytic system construction of surface hybridization.The development of surface hybrid photocatalysts for pollutant degradation and energy conversion are further presented.Finally,the challenges and future development prospects of surface hybridization in photocatalysis are discussed.We hope this critical review can provide a clear picture of the state-of-the-art achievements and facilitate the applications of surface hybrid photocatalysts in environmental remediation and energy conversion. | Yan Guo Huarui Li Wei Ma Wenxin Shi Yongfa Zhu Wonyong Choi | 2020 | Carbon Energy2020，2，3： | 5 |
| 5 | Significant photocatalytic enhancement in methylene blue degradation of Bi2WO6 photocatalysts via graphene hybridization显示文摘The hybridization of graphene with Bi_(2)WO_(6)photocatalysts was employed to enhance the photocatalytic activity.The photocatalytic activity enhancements were dependent on the amount of graphene and it was found that the optimal hybridized amount of graphene was about 1.5 wt%,which was close to the monolayer dispersing of graphene on Bi_(2)WO_(6)surface.Up to four times of the photocatalytic activity was enhanced by the hybridization of graphene,compared with that of pristine Bi_(2)WO_(6).The enhancement mechanism of the photocatalytic activity was attributed to the higher separation efficiency and the inhibition of recombination of photoinduced electron-hole pairs.The electronic interaction was verified by the photoelectrochemical measurements. | Feng ZHOU Yongfa ZHU | 2012 | Journal of Advanced Ceramics2012，1，1： | 5 |
| 6 | Clinical observation of pemetrexed on advanced non-small-cell lung cancer显示文摘我们的学习的目的是观察病人们由 pemetrexed 治疗了的先进非小的房间肺癌症(NSCLC ) 的 50 个盒子的功效和毒性的目的。方法五十个病人包括 29 女性和 21 男性,与中部的年龄 62 年( 3582 年)和左 37 个盒子被对待, pemetrexed 在肿瘤学的部门与铂结合了,到2009年3月的从2006年6月的武汉大学的 Renmin 医院。挑选代理人政体:病人们收到了 pemetrexed 与每 21 天的白天 1 上的 500 mg/m2。联合政体:病人们收到了 pemetrexed 白天 1 上的 500 mg/m2 和 carboplatin 白天 1 上的 300 mg/m2 或 cisplatin 到白天 3 的白天 1 上的 35 mg/m2 或 nedaplatin 由有是的 21 天的静脉内的注入的白天 1 上的 80 mg/m2 一个周期。石柜 1.0 标准被用来评估临床的效率,并且 WHO 毒性标准被用来评估有毒的反应,和 QOL 被用来评估生活的质量。所有病人被给 162 个周期的结果(至少 2 个周期,至多, 6 骑车) 并且所有病人的反应率被评估。有 2 完全的宽恕(CR ) , 7 部分宽恕(PR ) , 22 稳定的疾病(SD ) 和在这个组,的 19 进步疾病(PD ) 全面反应率是(RR ) 是 18.0% 并且疾病控制率(DCR )62.0% 。生活改进率的质量到达 58.0% 。主要有毒的反应包括了嗜中性白血球减少症, thrombocytopenia, hypemia,恶心,并且呕吐。大多数这些效果的严厉等级 III 和井被容忍。有在先进非小的房间肺癌症的治疗与铂相结合的 pemetrexed 或 pemetrexed 的结论化疗有效、安全、井可容忍,它能改进病人的生活的质量。 | Yongfa Zheng Wei Ge Ling Zhang Zhenyu Zhao Fangfang Jie | 2011 | The Chinese-German Journal of Clinical Oncology2011，10，3： | 4 |
| 7 | Integrated lithium niobate single-mode lasers by the Vernier effect显示文摘Microcavity lasers based on erbium-doped lithium niobate on insulator(LNOI),which are key devices for LNOI integrated photonics,have attracted significant attention recently.In this study,we report the realization of a C-band single-mode laser using the Vernier effect in two coupled erbium-doped LNOI microrings with different radii under the pump of a 980-nm continuous laser.The laser,operating stably over a large range of pumping power,has a pump threshold of about 200μW and a side-mode suppression ratio exceeding 26 dB.The high-performance LNOI single-mode laser will promote the development of lithium niobate integrated photonics. | Ru Zhang Chen Yang ZhenZhong Hao Di Jia Qiang Luo DaHuai Zheng HongDe Liu XuanYi Yu Feng Gao Fang Bo YongFa Kong GuoQuan Zhang JingJun Xu | 2021 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2021，64，9： | 4 |
| 8 | Large dipole moment induced efficient bismuth chromate photocatalysts for wide-spectrum driven water oxidation and complete mineralization of pollutants显示文摘Herein,a wide-spectrum(~678 nm)responsive Bi8(CrO4)O11 photocatalyst with a theoretical solar spectrum efficiency of 42.0%was successfully constructed.Bi8(CrO4)O11 showed highly efficient and stable photocatalytic water oxidation activity with a notable apparent quantum efficiency of 2.87%(420 nm),superior to many reported wide-spectrum driven photocatalysts.Most remarkably,its strong oxidation ability also enables the simultaneous degradation and complete mineralization for phenol,and its excellent performance is about 23.0 and 2.9 times higher than CdS and P25-TiO2,respectively.Its high activity is ascribed to the giant internal electric field induced by its large crystal dipole,which accelerates the rapid separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs.Briefly,the discovery of wide-spectrum bismuth chromate and the mechanism of exponentially enhanced photocatalytic performance by increasing the crystal dipole throw light on improving solar energy conversion. | Xianjie Chen Yuan Xu Xinguo Ma Yongfa Zhu | 2020 | National Science Review2020，7，3： | 4 |
| 9 | Microdisk lasers on an erbium-doped lithium-niobite chip显示文摘Lithium niobate on insulator(LNOI) provides a platform for the fundamental physics investigations and practical applications of integrated photonics. However, as an indispensable building block of integrated photonics, lasers are in short supply. In this paper, erbium-doped LNOI laser in the 1550-nm band was demonstrated in microdisk cavities with high quality factors fabricated in batches by UV exposure, inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching, and chemomechanical polishing. The threshold and conversion efficiency of the erbium-doped LNOI microdisk laser were measured to be lower than 1 m W and 6.5×10^(-5)%, respectively. This work will benefit the development of integrated photonics based on LNOI. | Qiang Luo ZhenZhong Hao Chen Yang Ru Zhang DaHuai Zheng ShiGuo Liu HongDe Liu Fang Bo YongFa Kong GuoQuan Zhang JingJun Xu | 2021 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2021，64，3： | 4 |
| 10 | Highly efficient visible photocatalytic disinfection and degradation performances of microtubular nanoporous g-C3N4 via hierarchical construction and defects engineering显示文摘Herein,microtubular nanoporous g-C3N4(TPCN)with hierarchical structure and nitrogen defects was prepared via a facile self-templating approach.On one hand,the hexagonal tubular structure can facilitate the light reflection/scattering,provide internal/external active sites,and endow the electron with oriented transfer channels.The well-developed nanoporosity can result in large specific surface area and abundant accessible channels for charge migration.On the other hand,the existence of nitrogen vacancies can improve the light harvesting(>450 nm)and prompt charge separation by acting as the shallow charge traps.More NHxgroups in g-C3N4 framework can promote the interlayer charge transport by generating hydrogen-bonding interaction between C3N4 layers.Therefore,TPCN possessed highly efficient visible photocatalytic performances to effectively inactivate Escherichia coli(E.coli)cells and thoroughly mineralize organic pollutants.TPCN with the optimum bactericidal efficiency can completely inactivated5×10^6 cfu mL^-1 of E.coli cells after 4 h of irradiation treatment,while about 74.4%of E.coli cells were killed by bulk g-C3N4(BCN).Meanwhile,the photodegradation rate of TPCN towards methylene blue,amaranth,and bisphenol A were almost 3.1,2.5 and 1.6 times as fast as those of BCN.Furthermore,h^+and·O2^- were the reactive species in the photocatalytic process of TPCN system. | Jing Xu Zhouping Wang Yongfa Zhu | 2020 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2020，47，14： | 3 |
| 11 | 恩度联合化疗治疗117例晚期恶性肿瘤(英文)显示文摘Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the recent efficacy and adverse reactions of recombinant human endostatin (Endostar) plus chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced malignancies. Methods: One hundred and seventeen cases of advanced malignancies were diagnosed and confirmed by histopathological examination, patients were treated with Endostar combined with chemotherapeutic drugs with no cross-resistance. Evaluate the efficacy and adverse reactions after finished two cycles of combination therapy. Results: All the 117 cases of patients were evaluated according to relevant standards, and there were 12 cases of complete remission (CR), 30 cases of partial remission (PR), 58 cases of stable disease (SD), 17 cases of progressive disease (PD). The response rate (RR) was 35.8%, disease control rate (DCR) was 85.4%. Conclusion: The protocol of Endostar combined with chemotherapy could improve the quality of life of patients with malignances, it also has the advantage of low toxicity. Considering the time span of the study, the long-term efficacy remains to be observed. | Pingpo Ming Wei Ge Liang Liu Yongfa Zheng Huilin Xu | 2013 | The Chinese-German Journal of Clinical Oncology2013，12，2： | 2 |
| 12 | Synthesis of hollow Mn 3 O 4 -in-Co 3 O 4 magnetic microspheres and its chemiluminescence and catalytic properties显示文摘 | Fei Teng Tongguang Xu Shuhui Liang Gauloo Buergen Wenqing Yao Yongfa Zhu | 2007 | Catalysis Communications2007，，6： | 2 |
| 13 | The real-time dynamic holographic display of LN:Bi,Mg crystals and defect-related electron mobility显示文摘Holographic display has attracted widespread interest because of its ability to show the complete information of the object and bring people an unprecedented sense of presence. The absence of ideal recording materials has hampered the realization of their commercial applications. Here we report that the response time of a bismuth and magnesium codoped lithium niobate(LN:Bi,Mg) crystal is shortened to 7.2 ms and a sensitivity as high as 646 cm/J. The crystal was used to demonstrate a real-time holographic display with a refresh rate of 60 Hz, as that of the popular high-definition television. Moreover, the first-principles calculations indicate that the electron mobility while Bi occupying Nb-site is significantly greater than that in Li-site, which directly induces the fast response of LN:Bi,Mg crystals when the concentration of Mg is above its doping threshold. | Shuolin Wang Yidong Shan Dahuai Zheng Shiguo Liu Fang Bo Hongde Liu Yongfa Kong Jingjun Xu | 2022 | Opto-Electronic Advances2022，5，12： | 2 |
| 14 | Comparative study of apparent metabolizable energy and net energy values of dephenolized cottonseed proteins for laying hens显示文摘Optimizing the energy utilization of nutrients and ensuring maximum benefits are continuous goals for livestock producers.The net energy(NE)value of feed reflects its nutritional value in the precision feeding system.An experiment was conducted to determine the apparent metabolizable energy(AME)and NE values of 3 types of dephenolized cottonseed protein(DCP)for Hy Line Brown hens aged 42 to 45 weeks using the reference diet substitution method.A reference diet based on corn soybean meal was used to meet the nutritional needs of Hy Line Brown laying hens.To render the crude protein and energy values of the 3 test diets similar,10.5%,12%,and 16%of the gross energy yielding ingredients from the reference diet were replaced with DCP 1,DCP 2,and DCP 3,respectively.The birds were fed 4 diets during a 7-d adaptation period.After the dietary adaptation period,2 birds per replicate from each treatment group were placed in an individual open circuit respiratory calorimetry chamber for a 3-d experimental period.Daily O_(2)consumption and CO_(2)production were recorded,and excreta samples were collected.The AME values of DCP 1,DCP 2,and DCP 3 were 3,049.05,2,820.13,and 2,982.31 kcal/kg of dry matter(DM),respectively.The NE values of DCP 1,DCP 2,DCP 3 were 1,475.77,1,910.31,and 1,905.37 kcal/kg of DM,respectively,and the NE:AME ratios were 48.40%,67.74%,and 63.89%,respectively.Our data show that the AME value of DCP does not reflect the nutritional value of the feed.The NE value of DCP with a high ME value was not necessarily high. | Yongfa Liu Yi Wei Qiuyu Jiang Peng Li Zhibin Ban Zengpeng Lv Yuming Guo | 2023 | Animal Nutrition2023，，1： | 2 |
| 15 | Co-Ce-Ni Ternary Metal Oxide Modified N-activated Carbon:The Superior Low Temperature NH3-SCR Performance显示文摘Introducing reduced metal and nitrogen species is a powerful strategy to improve the reactivity of carbon-based materials for selective catalytic reduction of NO_(x) with NH_(3).To further improve the NH_(3)-SCR performance of non-pitch coal activated coke(NPAC),a series of metal oxides(e.g.,Co,Ce,and Ni)were loaded on nitrogen modified NPAC.The outstanding performance of NPAC-N-CoCeNi as well as the superior SO_(2)-and H_(2)O-tolerate performance are attributed to the extra electrons caused by the modification of N species,and these extra electrons are more conducive to the electron transfer.More importantly,the interaction of the major active component Co^(3+)and the promoter catalysts CeO_(2),NiOx,or CoNiO_(2) can also increase the charge transfer and produce more oxygen vacancy and unsaturated chemical bonds,leading to improving the redox performance of NPAC-N-CoCeNi.In addition,the NH3-SCR reaction is promoted after the metal oxides co-doping mainly via the Mars-van-Krevelen mechanism. | Wang Pei Li Yuan Liu Jun Liu Xiaoqing Tan Yingxin Zhang Yongfa | 2021 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2021，23，2： | 2 |
| 16 | 多西他赛联合同步放疗治疗晚期鼻咽癌的临床研究(英文)显示文摘Objective:The aim of this study was to study the short-term curative effects and adverse reactions of docetaxel(DOC) in concurrent chemoradiotherapy compared to DDP plus 5-Fu(DF) combined with concurrent radiotherapy in patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods:Thirty-three patients in the experimental group(DOC group) were given DOC 25 mg/m 2 ivgtt,d1,7 times,concurrent radiotherapy was performed from d1.Thirty-three patients in the control group(DF group) were given cisplatin 25 mg/m 2 ivgtt d1–3 and 5-Fu 550 mg/m 2 iv,d1–5,3 weeks a cycle,2 cycles,and concurrent radiotherapy was performed from d1.Six MV X-ray and 9 MeV electronic line for external irradiation were adopted in concurrent radiotherapy.Results:The response rates of DOC group and DF group were 90.9% and 93.9%,the rates of neutropenia were 45.45% and 67.74%,and the rates of oral mucositis were 60.61% and 90.32%.Conclusion:The difference of shortterm curative effects between DOC group and DF group was not statistically significant in patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.The rates of adverse reactions were lower in DOC group.DOC combined with concurrent radiotherapy could be a new choice for patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. | Wei Luo Wei Ge Yongfa Zheng Xianfeng Pan Jing Song Huilin Xu Pingpo Ming | 2013 | The Chinese-German Journal of Clinical Oncology2013，12，12： | 2 |
| 17 | Automatic Placement of GIS Vector Map Annotation in Area Feature by Long Diagonal显示文摘This paper discusses the placement of Chinese annotation from point of view of graphics. Area Feature is classified as simple polygon, complex polygon and special polygon. For simple ones, annotations are placed along the longest edge. For complex ones, firstly the polygon are simplified according to close points, then the longest diagonal is gotten by comparing length, lastly, annotations are placed along long diagonal. For special ones, the polygon are partitioned into several parts by a certain rule for getting their sub\|diagonals, then their annotation are placed by means of the second. | LAN Xiaoji JIANG Yongfa Lü Guonian DENG Huamei | 2005 | Geo-Spatial Information Science2005，8，4： | 2 |
| 18 | Enhancement of the degradation ability for organic pollutants via the synergistic effect of photoelectrocatalysis on a self-assembled perylene diimide (SA-PDI) thin film显示文摘A self-assembled perylene diimide(SA-PDI)film was prepared on an indium-tin-oxide(ITO)substrate and acted as a photoanode for the photoelectrocatalytic(PEC)degradation of some emerging contaminants under visible light irradiation(λ>420 nm)and applied voltage.Due to the synergistic effect,the photocatalytic degradation rate by the SA-PDI film under visible light irradiation and an applied voltage of 2.1 V was 2.72 times and 14.5 times those of the PC and EC processes,respectively.The visible light irradiation not only generated a promoting effect on electrocatalytic(EC)oxidation at potentials above1.2 V but also generated many more h+ for promoting the electrocatalytic oxidation of phenol.Furthermore,an applied voltage above 1.2 V could effectively improve the separation rate of electrons from the SA-PDI electrodes to the Pt electrodes,and then,much more ·O2-and ·OH could be generated for improving the photocatalytic(PC)oxidation efficiency.Therefore,the h+,·OH and ·O2-could improve the synergistic effect of phenol oxidation during the PEC process.Moreover,the SA-PDI film appeared to have satisfactory stability in the PEC process.The SA-PDI film was also proven to be effective for two other contaminants,namely,2,4-dichlorophenol,and ciprofloxacin. | Hong Miao Jun Yang Guilong Peng Huiquan Li Yongfa Zhu | 2019 | Science Bulletin2019，64，13： | 2 |
| 19 | Preparation of Solid Waste-Based Activated Carbon and Its Adsorption Mechanism for Toluene显示文摘Regenerated activated carbon(RAC)samples were prepared by carbon activation using waste activated carbon from solid waste resources as the carbon source precursor coupled with adding alkaline additives,and then were further modified by potassium ferrate to finally prepare high-performance carbon for VOCs adsorption.At the same time,the samples before and after modification were systematically studied through characterization techniques such as SEM,Raman spectrometry,FT-IR,XPS,and dynamic/static adsorption.The results showed that the specific surface area and pore volume of the RAC after modification by the strong oxidant potassium ferrate increased by 1.4 times;the degree of defects was enhanced and the content of oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface increased significantly.Among them,the sample modified with potassium ferrate for 24 h had the best dynamic toluene adsorption performance(375.5 mg/g),and the dynamic adsorption capacity was twice that of the original sample(192.8 mg/g).The static adsorption test found that the maximum adsorption capacity of RAC-6%K_(2)FeO_(4)+H_(2)SO_(4)-24h was 796 mg/g,which indicated that the potassium ferrate modification treatment could significantly increase the VOCs adsorption performance of RAC.In addition,through consecutive toluene adsorption-desorption cycle tests,it was found that the RAC-6%K_(2)FeO_(4)+H_(2)SO_(4)-24h sample still retained 91%of adsorption activity after the fifth regeneration cycle.This indicates that RAC-6%K_(2)FeO_(4)+H_(2)SO_(4)-24h has good cycle stability and great application value for the efficient purification of industrial waste VOCs gas. | Li Zhi Li Yunpeng Liu Jun Si Wenzhe Zhang Yongfa Li Junhua | 2022 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2022，24，1： | 2 |
| 20 | Changes in behaviors of rats with sciatic nerve injury and expression of growth associated protein-43 in dorsal root ganglion显示文摘BACKGROUND: Neuropathic pain is closely related to neuroplasticity, and growth associated protein-43 (GAP 43) is a molecular marker for neuronal development and neuroplasticity. The expression of GAP-43 during the development of neuropathic pain should have its own characters. OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes in behaviors of rats with sciatic nerve injury and GAP-43 expression in dorsal root ganglion(DRG) affected ascribing to developing nerve transection and nerve crush, two types of neuropathic pain models.DESIGN: Randomized controlled animal experiment.SETTING: Department of Anesthesiology in Second Hospital of Xiamen City and Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College.MATERIALS: Totally 250 adult Wistar rats of either gender, weighing 180 to 250 g, were involved in the study. The rats were randomized into 3 groups: nerve transection group (n =120), nerve crush group (n =120), and normal control group (n =10). The rats in the nerve transection group and nerve crush group were subdivided separately into 6 groups,and were allowed to survive for 3, 7, 14, 21, 30 and 60 days after nerve injury (n =20). Mouse anti-GAP-43 monoclonal antibody (Sigma Co.,Ltd.), Supervision TM anti-mouse reagent (HRP, Changdao antibody diagnosis reagent Co.,Ltd., Shanghai), DAB/H2O2 (Boster Co.Ltd, Wuhan), and HMIAS-100 image analysis system (Qianping Image engineering Company, Tongji Medical University) were employed in this study.METHODS: This experiment was carried out in the Surgical Department and Pathological Laboratory, the Second Hospital Affiliated to Shantou Medical College during April 2004 to April 2005. ① Grouping intervention: Animals were anesthetized and the sciatic nerve of the right side was exposed at thigh around ischial tuberosity. Sciatic nerves of rats in nerve transection group were transected at 1 cm below infrapiriform foramen, and those in nerve crush group were exposed as well as the nerve transection group, and crushed at 0.5 cm below infrapiriform foramen with hemostatic forceps for 10 s× 3 times. Rats in normal control group did not receive any treatments. ② Behavioral observation: The behavioral changes were observed on the first day after sciatic nerve injury and spontaneous pain severity was measured with autotomy scores. One point was given for the removal of one nail, and the score was added 1 point for each distal digit affected, getting another point still suiting for each proximal digit, the maximum score permitted was 11 for each paw. ③ Detection of GAP-43: The DRG of L5 at right side was taken out respectively 3,7,14,21,30 and 60 days after nerve injury and made into sections. The expression of GAP-43 was detected with immunohistochemical method. T test was used for comparing the difference in the measurement data in clinical analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① The severity of autotomy at the affected feet. ② The expression of GAP-43 in the right DRG.RESULTS: Totally 250 rats entered the stage of result analysis. ① Autotomy score: The percentage of autotomy caused by nerve injury pain of rats in the nerve transection group and crush group was increased with the elongation of survival time; The percentage of autotomy in nerve transection group was higher than that in the nerve crush group at each period after nerve injury. Eighty percent rats presented autotomy and forty percent bited digits in the nerve transection group 60 days after nerve injury. Whereas only one third of rats showed autotomy in the nerve crush group. The autotomy scores in the nerve transection group were higher than those in the nerve crush group at each period with nerve injury. The mean scores were 2.1±2.1 in the nerve transection group 60 days after nerve injury , while those were only 0.7±1.5 in the nerve crush group. ②The GAP-43 expression in DRG: The GAP-43 expression in the nerve transection group reached the peak on 7 days after injury (0.614 ±0.004), still presented 60 days after injury (0.515±0.004). On the contrast , it reached the peak on 14 days in the nerve crush group(0.583 ±0.006), sequently, it declined on 21 days(0.563±0.008) and basically recovered to normal level on 60 days after nerve injury (0.231±0.003). The GAP-43 expression was only (0.225±0.005)in the normal control group. The GAP-43 expressions in both the nerve transection group and nerve crush group were significantly stronger than that in the normal control group (t =4.074-14.726,P < 0.05); and the GAP-43 expression was significantly stronger in the nerve transection group in comparison with the nerve crush group (t =3.357-6.236,P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: ①Nerve transection is more easy to cause spontaneous pain than nerve crush. ② The GAP-43 expression in DRG is stronger in the nerve transection than that in the nerve crush as the sameperiod, namely, to reach the peak quicker and keep longer peak expression period. ③ The occurrence ofneuropathic pain might be related to neuroplasticity. | Chen Wang Yongfa Zhang | 2006 | Neural Regeneration Research2006，1，4： | 2 |
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