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| 1 | Advances in fabrication of ceramic corundum abrasives based on sol–gel process显示文摘Corundum abrasives with good chemical stability can be fabricated into various free abrasives and bonded abrasive tools that are widely used in the precision machining of various parts.However,these abrasives cannot satisfy the machining requirements of difficult-to-machine materials with high hardness,high strength,and strong wearing resistance.Although superhard abrasives can machine the above-mentioned materials,their dressing and manufacturing costs are high.By contrast,ceramic corundum abrasives fabricated by sol–gel method is a costeffective product between conventional and superhard abrasives.Ceramic corundum abrasives exhibit self-sharpening and high toughness.In this review,the optimization methods of ceramic corundum abrasive properties are introduced from three aspects:precursor synthesis,particle shaping,and sintering.Firstly,the functional mechanism of seeds and additives on the microstructural and mechanical properties of abrasives is analyzed.Specifically,seeds can reduce the phase transition temperature and improve fracture toughness.The grain size and uniformly dense structure can be controlled by applying an appropriate amount of multicomponent additives.Then,the urgent need of engineering application and machinability of special shape ceramic corundum abrasives is reviewed,and three methods of abrasive shaping are summarized.The micromold replication technique is highly advanced and can be used to prepare functional abrasives.Additionally,the influence of a new sintering method,namely,two-step sintering technique,on the microstructural and mechanical performance of ceramic corundum abrasives is summarized.Finally,the challenge and developmental trend of the optimization of ceramic corundum abrasives are prospected. | Baoteng HUANG Changhe LI Yanbin ZHANG Wenfeng DING Min YANG Yuying YANG Han ZHAI Xuefeng XU Dazhong WANG Sujan DEBNATH Muhammad JAMIL Hao Nan Li Hafiz Muhammad ALI Munish Kumar GUPTA Zafar SAID | 2021 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2021，34，6： | 11 |
| 2 | Cryogenic minimum quantity lubrication machining: from mechanism to application显示文摘Cutting fluid plays a cooling-lubrication role in the cutting of metal materials.However,the substantial usage of cutting fluid in traditional flood machining seriously pollutes the environment and threatens the health of workers.Environmental machining technologies,such as dry cutting,minimum quantity lubrication(MQL),and cryogenic cooling technology,have been used as substitute for flood machining.However,the insufficient cooling capacity of MQL with normal-temperature compressed gas and the lack of lubricating performance of cryogenic cooling technology limit their industrial application.The technical bottleneck of mechanical-thermal damage of difficult-to-cut materials in aerospace and other fields can be solved by combining cryogenic medium and MQL.The latest progress of cryogenic minimum quantity lubrication(CMQL)technology is reviewed in this paper,and the key scientific issues in the research achievements of CMQL are clarified.First,the application forms and process characteristics of CMQL devices in turning,milling,and grinding are systematically summarized from traditional settings to innovative design.Second,the cooling-lubrication mechanism of CMQL and its influence mechanism on material hardness,cutting force,tool wear,and workpiece surface quality in cutting are extensively revealed.The effects of CMQL are systematically analyzed based on its mechanism and application form.Results show that the application effect of CMQL is better than that of cryogenic technology or MQL alone.Finally,the prospect,which provides basis and support for engineering application and development of CMQL technology,is introduced considering the limitations of CMQL. | Mingzheng LIU Changhe LI Yanbin ZHANG Qinglong AN Min YANG Teng GAO Cong MAO Bo LIU Huajun CAO Xuefeng XU Zafar SAID Sujan DEBNATH Muhammad JAMIL Hafz Muhammad ALI Shubham SHARMA | 2021 | Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering2021，16，4： | 8 |
| 3 | Milling Force Model for Aviation Aluminum Alloy: Academic Insight and Perspective Analysis显示文摘Aluminum alloy is the main structural material of aircraft,launch vehicle,spaceship,and space station and is processed by milling.However,tool wear and vibration are the bottlenecks in the milling process of aviation aluminum alloy.The machining accuracy and surface quality of aluminum alloy milling depend on the cutting parameters,material mechanical properties,machine tools,and other parameters.In particular,milling force is the crucial factor to determine material removal and workpiece surface integrity.However,establishing the prediction model of milling force is important and difficult because milling force is the result of multiparameter coupling of process system.The research progress of cutting force model is reviewed from three modeling methods:empirical model,finite element simulation,and instantaneous milling force model.The problems of cutting force modeling are also determined.In view of these problems,the future work direction is proposed in the following four aspects:(1)high-speed milling is adopted for the thin-walled structure of large aviation with large cutting depth,which easily produces high residual stress.The residual stress should be analyzed under this particular condition.(2)Multiple factors(e.g.,eccentric swing milling parameters,lubrication conditions,tools,tool and workpiece deformation,and size effect)should be considered comprehensively when modeling instantaneous milling forces,especially for micro milling and complex surface machining.(3)The database of milling force model,including the corresponding workpiece materials,working condition,cutting tools(geometric figures and coatings),and other parameters,should be established.(4)The effect of chatter on the prediction accuracy of milling force cannot be ignored in thin-walled workpiece milling.(5)The cutting force of aviation aluminum alloy milling under the condition of minimum quantity lubrication(mql)and nanofluid mql should be predicted. | Zhenjing Duan Changhe Li Wenfeng Ding Yanbin Zhang Min Yang Teng Gao Huajun Cao Xuefeng Xu Dazhong Wang Cong Mao Hao Nan Li Gupta Munish Kumar Zafar Said Sujan Debnath Muhammad Jamil Hafiz Muhammad Ali | 2021 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2021，34，1： | 7 |
| 4 | Nano-enhanced biolubricant in sustainable manufacturing:From processability to mechanisms显示文摘To eliminate the negative effect of traditional metal-working fluids and achieve sustainable manufacturing,the usage of nano-enhanced biolubricant(NEBL)is widely researched in minimum quantify lubrication(MQL)machining.It's improved tool wear and surface integrity have been preliminarily verified by experimental studies.The previous review papers also concluded the major influencing factors of processability including nano-enhancer and lubricant types,NEBL concentration,micro droplet size,and so on.Nevertheless,the complex action of NEBL,from preparation,atomization,infiltration to heat transfer and anti-friction,is indistinct which limits preparation of process specifications and popularity in factories.Especially in the complex machining process,in-depth understanding is difficult and meaningful.To fll this gap,this paper concentrates on the comprehensive quantitative assessment of processability based on tribological,thermal,and machined surface quality aspects for NEBL application in turning,milling,and grinding.Then it attempts to answer mechanisms systematically considering multi-factor influence of molecular structure,physicochemical properties,concentration,and dispersion.Firstly,this paper reveals advanced lubrication and heat transfer mechanisms of NEBL by quantitative comparison with biolubricant-based MQL machining.Secondly,the distinctive filmformation,atomization,and infiltration mechanisms of NEBL,as distinguished from metal-working fluid,are clarified combining with its unique molecular structure and physical properties.Furtherly,the process optimization strategy is concluded based on the synergistic relationship analysis among process variables,physicochemical properties,machining mechanisms,and performance of NEBL.Finally,the future development directions are put forward aiming at current performance limitations of NEBL,which requires improvement on preparation and jet methods respects.This paper will help scientists deeply understand effective mechanism,formulate process specifications,and find future development trend of this technology. | Yanbin ZHANG Hao Nan LI Changhe LI Chuanzhen HUANG Hafiz Muhammad ALI Xuefeng XU Cong MAO Wenfeng DING Xin CUI Min YANG Tianbiao YU Muhammad JAMIL Munish Kumar GUPTA Dongzhou JIA Zafar SAID | 2022 | Friction2022，10，6： | 5 |
| 5 | Analysis of grinding mechanics and improved grinding force model based on randomized grain geometric characteristics显示文摘Too high grinding force will lead to a large increase in specific grinding energy, resulting in high temperature in grinding zone, especially for the aerospace difficult cutting metal materials,seriously affecting the surface quality and accuracy. At present, the theoretical models of grinding force are mostly based on the assumption of uniform or simplified morphological characteristics of grains, which is inconsistent with the actual grains. Especially for non-engineering grinding wheel,most geometric characteristics of grains are ignored, resulting in the calculation accuracy that cannot guide practical production. Based on this, an improved grinding force model based on random grain geometric characteristics is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the surface topography model of CBN grinding wheel is established, and the effective grain determination mechanism in grinding zone is revealed. Based on the known grinding force model and mechanical behavior of interaction between grains and workpiece in different stages, the concept of grain effective action area is proposed. The variation mechanism of effective action area under the influence of grain geometric and spatial characteristics is deeply analyzed, and the calculation method under random combination of five influencing parameters is obtained. The numerical simulation is carried out to reveal the dynamic variation process of grinding force in grinding zone. In order to verify the theoretical model, the experiments of dry grinding Ti-6Al-4 V are designed. The experimental results show that under different machining parameters, the results of numerical calculation and experimental measurement are in good agreement, and the minimum error value is only 2.1 %, which indicates that the calculation accuracy of grinding force model meets the requirements and is feasible. This study will provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the wheel structure, effectively controlling the grinding force range, adjusting the grinding zone temperature and improving the workpiece machining quality in the industrial grinding process. | Mingzheng LIU Changhe LI Yanbin ZHANG Min YANG Teng GAO Xin CUI Xiaoming WANG Wenhao XU Zongming ZHOU Bo LIU Zafar SAID Runze LI Shubham SHARMA | 2023 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2023，36，7： | 5 |
| 6 | Electrostatic atomization minimum quantity lubrication machining:from mechanism to application显示文摘Metal cutting fluids(MCFs)under flood conditions do not meet the urgent needs of reducing carbon emission.Biolubricant-based minimum quantity lubrication(MQL)is an effective alternative to flood lubrication.However,pneumatic atomization MQL has poor atomization properties,which is detrimental to occupational health.Therefore,electrostatic atomization MQL requires preliminary exploratory studies.However,systematic reviews are lacking in terms of capturing the current research status and development direction of this technology.This study aims to provide a comprehensive review and critical assessment of the existing understanding of electrostatic atomization MQL.This research can be used by scientists to gain insights into the action mechanism,theoretical basis,machining performance,and development direction of this technology.First,the critical equipment,eco-friendly atomization media(biolubricants),and empowering mechanisms of electrostatic atomization MQL are presented.Second,the advanced lubrication and heat transfer mechanisms of biolubricants are revealed by quantitatively comparing MQL with MCF-based wet machining.Third,the distinctive wetting and infiltration mechanisms of electrostatic atomization MQL,combined with its unique empowering mechanism and atomization method,are compared with those of pneumatic atomization MQL.Previous experiments have shown that electrostatic atomization MQL can reduce tool wear by 42.4%in metal cutting and improve the machined surface Ra by 47%compared with pneumatic atomization MQL.Finally,future development directions,including the improvement of the coordination parameters and equipment integration aspects,are proposed. | Wenhao Xu Changhe Li Yanbin Zhang Hafiz Muhammad Ali Shubham Sharma Runze Li Min Yang Teng Gao Mingzheng Liu Xiaoming Wang Zafar Said Xin Liu Zongming Zhou | 2022 | International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing2022，4，4： | 4 |
| 7 | Comparative assessment of force,temperature,and wheel wear in sustainable grinding aerospace alloy using biolubricant显示文摘The substitution of biolubricant for mineral cutting fluids in aerospace material grinding is an inevitable development direction,under the requirements of the worldwide carbon emission strategy.However,serious tool wear and workpiece damage in difficult-to-machine material grinding challenges the availability of using biolubricants via minimum quantity lubrication.The primary cause for this condition is the unknown and complex influencing mechanisms of the biolubricant physicochemical properties on grindability.In this review,a comparative assessment of grindability is performed using titanium alloy,nickel-based alloy,and high-strength steel.Firstly,this work considers the physicochemical properties as the main factors,and the antifriction and heat dissipation behaviours of biolubricant in a high temperature and pressure interface are comprehensively analysed.Secondly,the comparative assessment of force,temperature,wheel wear and workpiece surface for titanium alloy,nickel-based alloy,and high-strength steel confirms that biolubricant is a potential replacement of traditional cutting fluids because of its improved lubrication and cooling performance.High-viscosity biolubricant and nano-enhancers with high thermal conductivity are recommended for titanium alloy to solve the burn puzzle of the workpiece.Biolubricant with high viscosity and high fatty acid saturation characteristics should be used to overcome the bottleneck of wheel wear and nickel-based alloy surface burn.The nano-enhancers with high hardness and spherical characteristics are better choices.Furthermore,a different option is available for high-strength steel grinding,which needs low-viscosity biolubricant to address the debris breaking difficulty and wheel clogging.Finally,the current challenges and potential methods are proposed to promote the application of biolubricant. | Xin CUI Changhe LI Yanbin ZHANG Wenfeng DING Qinglong AN Bo LIU Hao Nan LI Zafar SAID Shubham SHARMA Runze LI Sujan DEBNATH | 2023 | Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering2023，18，1： | 3 |
| 8 | Machinability of ultrasonic vibration-assisted micro-grinding in biological bone using nanolubricant显示文摘Bone grinding is an essential and vital procedure in most surgical operations.Currently,the insufficient cooling capacity of dry grinding,poor visibility of drip irrigation surgery area,and large grinding force leading to high grinding temperature are the technical bottlenecks of micro-grinding.A new micro-grinding process called ultrasonic vibration-assisted nanoparticle jet mist cooling(U-NJMC)is innovatively proposed to solve the technical problem.It combines the advantages of ultrasonic vibration(UV)and nanoparticle jet mist cooling(NJMC).Notwithstanding,the combined effect of multi parameter collaborative of U-NJMC on cooling has not been investigated.The grinding force,friction coefficient,specific grinding energy,and grinding temperature under dry,drip irrigation,UV,minimum quantity lubrication(MQL),NJMC,and U-NJMC micro-grinding were compared and analyzed.Results showed that the minimum normal grinding force and tangential grinding force of U-NJMC micro-grinding were 1.39 and 0.32 N,which were 75.1%and 82.9%less than those in dry grinding,respectively.The minimum friction coefficient and specific grinding energy were achieved using U-NJMC.Compared with dry,drip,UV,MQL,and NJMC grinding,the friction coefficient of U-NJMC was decreased by 31.3%,17.0%,19.0%,9.8%,and 12.5%,respectively,and the specific grinding energy was decreased by 83.0%,72.7%,77.8%,52.3%,and 64.7%,respectively.Compared with UV or NJMC alone,the grinding temperature of U-NJMC was decreased by 33.5%and 10.0%,respectively.These results showed that U-NJMC provides a novel approach for clinical surgical micro-grinding of biological bone. | Yuying YANG Min YANG Changhe LI Runze LI Zafar SAID Hafiz Muhammad ALI Shubham SHARMA | 2023 | Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering2023，18，1： | 3 |
| 9 | Minimum quantity lubrication machining of aeronautical materials using carbon group nanolubricant: From mechanisms to application显示文摘It is an inevitable trend of sustainable manufacturing to replace flood and dry machining with minimum quantity lubrication(MQL)technology.Nevertheless,for aeronautical difficult-tomachine materials,MQL couldn’t meet the high demand of cooling and lubrication due to high heat generation during machining.Nano-biolubricants,especially non-toxic carbon group nano-enhancers(CGNs)are used,can solve this technical bottleneck.However,the machining mechanisms under lubrication of CGNs are unclear at complex interface between tool and workpiece,which characterized by high temperature,pressure,and speed,limited its application in factories and necessitates in-depth understanding.To fill this gap,this study concentrates on the comprehensive quantitative assessment of tribological characteristics based on force,tool wear,chip,and surface integrity in titanium alloy and nickel alloy machining and attempts to answer mechanisms systematically.First,to establish evaluation standard,the cutting mechanisms and performance improvement behavior covering antifriction,antiwear,tool failure,material removal,and surface formation of MQL were revealed.Second,the unique film formation and lubrication behaviors of CGNs in MQL turning,milling,and grinding are concluded.The influence law of molecular structure and micromorphology of CGNs was also answered and optimized options were recommended by considering diverse boundary conditions.Finally,in view of CGNs limitations in MQL,the future development direction is proposed,which needs to be improved in thermal stability of lubricant,activity of CGNs,controllable atomization and transportation methods,and intelligent formation of processing technology solutions. | Xin CUI Changhe LI Wenfeng Ding Yun CHEN Cong MAO Xuefeng XU Bo LIU Dazhong WANG Hao Nan LI Yanbin ZHANG Zafar SAID Sujan DEBNATH Muhammad JAMIL Hafiz Muhammad ALI Shubham SHARMA | 2022 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2022，35，11： | 3 |
| 10 | Biological Stability of Water-Based Cutting Fluids:Progress and Application显示文摘The application of cutting fluid in the field of engineering manufacturing has a history of hundreds of years,and it plays a vital role in the processing efficiency and surface quality of parts.Among them,water-based cutting fluid accounts for more than 90%of the consumption of cutting fluid.However,long-term recycling of water-based cutting fluid could easily cause deterioration,and the breeding of bacteria could cause the cutting fluid to fail,increase manufacturing costs,and even endanger the health of workers.Traditional bactericides could improve the biological stability of cutting fluids,but they are toxic to the environment and do not conform to the development trend of low-carbon manufacturing.Low-carbon manufacturing is inevitable and the direction of sustainable manufacturing.The use of nanomaterials,transition metal complexes,and physical sterilization methods on the bacterial cell membrane and genetic material could effectively solve this problem.In this article,the mechanism of action of additives and microbial metabolites was first analyzed.Then,the denaturation mechanism of traditional bactericides on the target protein and the effect of sterilization efficiency were summarized.Further,the mechanism of nanomaterials disrupting cell membrane potential was discussed.The effects of lipophilicity and the atomic number of transition metal complexes on cell membrane penetration were also summarized,and the effects of ultraviolet rays and ozone on the destruction of bacterial genetic material were reviewed.In other words,the bactericidal performance,hazard,degradability,and economics of various sterilization methods were comprehensively evaluated,and the potential development direction of improving the biological stability of cutting fluid was proposed. | Lizhi Tang Yanbin Zhang Changhe Li Zongming Zhou Xiaolin Nie Yun Chen Huajun Cao Bo Liu Naiqing Zhang Zafar Said Sujan Debnath Muhammad Jamil Hafiz Muhammad Ali Shubham Sharma | 2022 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2022，35，1： | 2 |
| 11 | Vegetable Oil-Based Nanolubricants in Machining:From Physicochemical Properties to Application显示文摘Cutting fluid is crucial in ensuring surface quality and machining accuracy during machining.However,traditional mineral oil-based cutting fluids no longer meet modern machining’s health and environmental protection require-ments.As a renewable,pollution-free alternative with excellent processing characteristics,vegetable oil has become an inevitable replacement.However,vegetable oil lacks oxidation stability,extreme pressure,and antiwear proper-ties,which are essential for machining requirements.The physicochemical characteristics of vegetable oils and the improved methods’application mechanism are not fully understood.This study aims to investigate the effects of viscosity,surface tension,and molecular structure of vegetable oil on cooling and lubricating properties.The mechanisms of autoxidation and high-temperature oxidation based on the molecular structure of vegetable oil are also discussed.The study further investigates the application mechanism and performance of chemical modification and antioxidant additives.The study shows that the propionic ester of methyl hydroxy-oleate obtained by epoxidation has an initial oxidation temperature of 175℃.The application mechanism and extreme pressure performance of conventional extreme pressure additives and nanoparticle additives were also investigated to solve the problem of insufficient oxidation resistance and extreme pressure performance of nanobiological lubricants.Finally,the study discusses the future prospects of vegetable oil for chemical modification and nanoparticle addition.The study provides theoretical guidance and technical support for the industrial application and scientific research of vegetable oil in the field of lubrication and cooling.It is expected to promote sustainable development in the manufacturing industry. | Xiaotian Zhang Changhe Li Zongming Zhou Bo Liu Yanbin Zhang Min Yang Teng Gao Mingzheng Liu Naiqing Zhang Zafar Said Shubham Sharma Hafiz Muhammad Ali | 2023 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2023，36，4： | 2 |
| 12 | Prediction model of volume average diameter and analysis of atomization characteristics in electrostatic atomization minimum quantity lubrication显示文摘Minimum quantity lubrication(MQL)is a relatively efficient and clean alternative to flooding workpiece machining.Electrostatic atomization has the merits of small droplet diameter,high uniformity of droplet size,and strong coating,hence its superiority to pneumatic atomization.However,as the current research hotspot,the influence of jet parameters and electrical parameters on the average diameter of droplets is not clear.First,by observing the shape of the liquid film at the nozzle outlet,the influence law of air pressure and voltage on liquid film thickness(h)and transverse and longitudinal fluctuations are determined.Then,the mathematical model of charged droplet volume average diameter(VAD)is constructed based on three dimensions of the liquid film,namely its thickness,transverse wavelength(λ_(h)),and longitudinal wavelength(λ_(z)).The model results under different working conditions are obtained by numerical simulation.Comparisons of the model results with the experimental VAD of the droplet confirm the error of the mathematical model to be less than 10%.The droplet diameter distribution span value Rosin–Rammler distribution span(R.S)and percentage concentrations of PM10(particle size of less than 10μm)/PM2.5(particle size of less than 2.5μm)under different working conditions are further analyzed.The results show that electrostatic atomization not only reduces the diameter distribution span of atomized droplets but also significantly inhibits the formation of PM10 and PM2.5 fine-suspension droplets.When the air pressure is 0.3 MPa,and the voltage is 40 kV,the percentage concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 can be reduced by 80.72%and 92.05%,respectively,compared with that under the pure pneumatic atomization condition at 0.3 MPa. | Dongzhou JIA Changhe LI Jiahao LIU Yanbin ZHANG Min YANG Teng GAO Zafar SAID Shubham SHARMA | 2023 | Friction2023，11，11： | 1 |
| 13 | 烧结铜丝和沟槽热管热性能特性的实验研究显示文摘热管是最常用的热管理解决方案。为达到最佳效果,在特定的情况下选择合适的热管类型是非常必要的。本研究的目的是比较烧结铜丝热管和沟槽热管两种常用热管的热性能特点。采用重力辅助定位实验对充蒸馏水热管进行了测试,得到毛细管压力、操作温度、热阻和传热系数等参数结果。烧结热管的毛细管压力比所有尺寸沟槽热管的都高。在相同的热负荷下,与烧结热管相比,沟槽热管的工作温度更低。在8 W热负荷下,与烧结热管相比,沟槽热管冷凝器表面温度降低8.24%,蒸发器表面温度降低4.41%,饱和温度降低7.79%。烧结热管的热阻比沟槽热管低得多,在8 W热负荷下,最大相对差值为63.8%。在8 W热负荷下,烧结热管的传热系数是开槽热管的2倍。烧结热管的热阻和传热系数随热负荷的变化几乎呈线性变化,而沟槽热管的热阻和传热系数却出现意外的拐点。与烧结热管相比,沟槽热管更早达到平衡。当热负荷从4增加至20 W时,沟槽热管达到平衡的时间从7 min缩短至4 min,烧结热管的平衡时间从10 min缩短至7 min。 | Saif Ullah KHALID Hafiz Muhammad ALI Muhammad Ali NASIR Riffat Asim PASHA ZAFAR SAID L.Syam SUNDAR Ahmed Kadhim HUSSEIN | 2021 | Journal of Central South University2021，28，11： | 0 |
| 14 | Erratum to:Nano-enhanced biolubricant in sustainable manufacturing:From processability to mechanisms显示文摘 | Yanbin ZHANG Hao Nan LI Changhe LI Chuanzhen HUANG Hafiz Muhammad ALI Xuefeng XU Cong MAO Wenfeng DING Xin CUI Min YANG Tianbiao YU Muhammad JAMIL Munish Kumar GUPTA Dongzhou JIA Zafar SAID | 2023 | Friction2023，11，5： | 0 |
| 15 | Mechanical behavior and semiempirical force model of aerospace aluminum alloy milling using nano biological lubricant显示文摘Aerospace aluminum alloy is the most used structural material for rockets,aircraft,spacecraft,and space stations.The deterioration of surface integrity of dry machining and the insufficient heat transfer capacity of minimal quantity lubrication have become the bottleneck of lubrication and heat dissipation of aerospace aluminum alloy.However,the excellent thermal conductivity and tribological properties of nanofluids are expected to fill this gap.The traditional milling force models are mainly based on empirical models and finite element simulations,which are insufficient to guide industrial manufacturing.In this study,the milling force of the integral end milling cutter is deduced by force analysis of the milling cutter element and numerical simulation.The instantaneous milling force model of the integral end milling cutter is established under the condition of dry and nanofluid minimal quantity lubrication(NMQL)based on the dual mechanism of the shear effect on the rake face of the milling cutter and the plow cutting effect on the flank surface.A single factor experiment is designed to introduce NMQL and the milling feed factor into the instantaneous milling force coefficient.The average absolute errors in the prediction of milling forces for the NMQL are 13.3%,2.3%,and 7.6%in the x-,y-,and z-direction,respectively.Compared with the milling forces obtained by dry milling,those by NMQL decrease by 21.4%,17.7%,and 18.5%in the x-,y-,and z-direction,respectively. | Zhenjing DUAN Changhe LI Yanbin ZHANG Min YANG Teng GAO Xin LIU Runze LI Zafar SAID Sujan DEBNATH Shubham SHARMA | 2023 | Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering2023，18，1： | 0 |
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