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| 1 | Evaluation model for service life of dam based on time-varying risk probability显示文摘For many dam projects in China, the 50-year designed life time is coming to an end. It is urgent to study the theory and method to evaluate the dam service life. In this paper, firstly, the probability theory of fuzzy event and time-varying effect theory are used to analyze the time-variety of various risk factors in the process of dam operations. A method is proposed to quantify the above time-variety and a model to describe the fuzzy time-varying risk probability for the dam structure is also built. Secondly, the information entropy theory is used to analyze the uncertain degree relationship between the characteristic value of membership function and fuzzy risk probability, and a mathematical method is presented to calculate the time-varying risk probability accordingly. Thirdly, the relation mode between time-varying risk probability and service life is discussed. Based on this relation mode and the acceptable risk probability of dams in China, a method is put forward to evaluate and forecast the dam service life. Finally, the proposed theory and method are used to analyze one concrete dam. The dynamic variability and mutation feature of the dam risk probability are analyzed. The remaining service life of this dam is forecasted. The obtained results can provide technology support for the project management department to make treatment measures of engineering and reasonably arrange reinforce cost. The principles in this paper have wide applicability and can be used in risk analysis for slope instability and other fields. | SU HuaiZhi WEN ZhiPing HU Jiang WU ZhongRu | 2009 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2009，52，7： | 23 |
| 2 | Commentary of research situation and innovation frontier in hydro-structure engineering science显示文摘In order to utilize water and hydropower resources in China,multitudes of water projects are established or to be constructed as an integral part of the national economy's infrastructure.Under these circumstances,there are two outstanding problems:1) a mass of existing dams are in danger and 2) in the southwest water-conservancy construction plan,dozens of existing or planned dams are high dams or even super high dams with heights between 200 and 300 m.In accordance with demands of 'the National Program for Medium-and Long-Term Scientific and Technological Development' on the innovation frontier in hydro-structure engineering science,various key problems in science and technology such like stress analysis,ultimate bearing capacity,nonlinearity etc.for high dams,super high dams and sick dams have been investigated.This paper makes a commentary on the advances and results of the researches,then analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of current theoretics and methodologies,and finally presents corresponding research directions and the frontier of innovation. | WU ZhongRu PENG Yan LI ZhanChao LI Bo YU Hong ZHENG ShouRen | 2011 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2011，54，4： | 14 |
| 3 | Risk assessment method of major unsafe hydroelectric project显示文摘Based on the characteristics of major unsafe hydroelectric projects and the data from field detection, in situ monitoring, and regular safety inspection, the funda-mental principles of operation risk assessment are proposed in this paper. Mean-while, a three layer hierarchical system is constructed, and an improved analytical hierarchical process combining genetic algorithm and analytical hierarchical process is established, with corresponding program. The operation risk of some unsafe dam was assessed with the principles, method and program presented in this paper and the major factors which would affect the operation of the dam were pointed out. | WU ZhongRu SU HuaiZhi GUO HaiQing | 2008 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2008，51，9： | 11 |
| 4 | Comprehensive evaluation methods for dam service status显示文摘More than 87000 dams have been built in China,and about one third of them are risky projects.A number of high and ultra-high dams are being constructed in China's western region.The current dam construction practice tends to focus on socio-economic benefits and neglect the environment and ecology.Furthermore,periodic examinations are intended to ensure the structural safety of dams.This paper proposes a general evaluation principle for dam service.This principle stipulates that dam projects should have maximum socio-economic benefits and minimum negative effects on the environment and ecology.To satisfy the general principle of mutual harmony,socio-economic benefits,dam safety,environment,and ecology are analyzed,and the evaluation methods for dam service status are discussed.Then,a fusion algorithm of interlayer assessment is proposed on the basis of evidence theory and the fuzzy comprehensive analysis method.Finally,a comprehensive evaluation model is established.Example analysis shows that the proposed theories and methods can fulfill scientific assessment of the service status of dams. | WU ZhongRu XU Bo GU ChongShi LI ZhanChao | 2012 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2012，55，8： | 10 |
| 5 | Restoration of rat calvarial defects by poly(lactide-co-glycolide)/hydroxyapatite scaffolds loaded with bone mesenchymal stem cells and DNA complexes显示文摘A composite construct comprising of a bone mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) sheet, plasmid DNA, encoding human bone morphogenic protein-2 (hBMP-2), and poly(lactide-co-glycolide)/hydroxyapatite (PLGA/HA) sponge was designed and employed in the restoration of rat calvarial defects. To improve gene transfection efficiency, a cationic chitosan derivative, N,N,N,-trimethyl chitosan chloride (TMC), was employed as the vector. The TMC/DNA complexes had a transfection efficiency of 13% in rat BMSCs, resulting in heterogeneous hBMP-2 expression in a 10-d culture period in vitro. In vivo culture of the composite constructs was performed by implantation into rat full-thickness calvarial defects, using constructs lacking pDNA-hBMP-2 or BMSC sheets as controls. Significantly higher heterogeneous expression of hBMP-2 was detected in vivo at 2 weeks for the cell sheet/DNA complex/scaffold constructs, compared with the constructs lacking pDNA-hBMP-2 or BMSC sheets. New bone formation was evident as early as 4 weeks in the experimental constructs. At 8 weeks, partial bridging of calvarial defects was observed in the experimental constructs, which was significantly better than the constructs lacking pDNA-hBMP-2 or BMSC sheets. Therefore, the combination of the PLGA/HA scaffold with BMSC sheets and gene therapy vectors is effective at enhancing bone formation. | LI Dan WANG Wei GUO Rui QI YiYing GOU ZhongRu GAO ChangYou | 2012 | Chinese Science Bulletin2012，57，5： | 9 |
| 6 | A plastic damage model for concrete structure cracks with two damage variables显示文摘Based on the concepts of continuum damage theory,a new plastic damage model for concrete crack failure is developed through studying the basic damage mechanics.Two damage variables,tensile damage variable for tensile damage and shear damage variable for compressive damage,are adopted to represent the influence of microscopic damage on material macromechanics properties under tensile and compressive loadings.The yield criteria and flow rule determining the plasticity of concrete are established in the effective stress space,which is convenient to decouple the damage process from the plastic process and calibrate material parameters with experimental results.Meanwhile,the plastic part of the proposed model can be implemented by back-Euler implicit algorithm,and the damage part is explicit.Consequently,there exist robust algorithms for integrating the constitutive relations using finite element method.Comparison with several experimental results shows that the model is capable of simulating the nonlinear performance of concrete under multiaxial stress state and can be applied to practical concrete structures. | ZHENG FuGang WU ZhongRu GU ChongShi BAO TengFei HU Jiang | 2012 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2012，55，11： | 6 |
| 7 | Bone tissue regeneration:The role of finely tuned pore architecture of bioactive scaffolds before clinical translation显示文摘Spatial dimension of pores and interconnection in macroporous scaffolds is of particular importance in facilitating endogenous cell migration and bone tissue ingrowth.However,it is still a challenge to widely tune structure parameters of scaffolds by conventional methods because of inevitable pore geometrical deformation and poor pore interconnectivity.Here,the long-term in vivo biological performances of nonstoichiometric bioceramic scaffolds with different pore dimensions were assessed in critical-size femoral bone defect model.The 6%Mg-substituted wollastonite(CSi-Mg6)powders were prepared via wet-chemical precipitation and the scaffolds elaborately printed by ceramic stereolithography,displaying designed constant pore strut and tailorable pore height(200,320,450,600μm),were investigated thoroughly in the bone regeneration process.Together with detailed structural stability and mechanical properties were collaboratively outlined.BothμCT and histological analyses indicated that bone tissue ingrowth was retarded in 200μm scaffolds in the whole stage(2-16 weeks)but the 320μm scaffolds showed appreciable bone tissue in the center of porous constructs at 6-10 weeks and matured bone tissue were uniformly invaded in the whole pore networks at 16 weeks.Interestingly,the neo-tissue ingrowth was facilitated in the 450μm and 600μm scaffolds after 2 weeks and higher extent of bone regeneration and remodeling at the later stage.These new findings provide critical information on how engineered porous architecture impact bone regeneration in vivo.Simultaneously,this study shows important implications for optimizing the porous scaffolds design by advanced additive manufacture technique to match the clinical translation with high performance. | Ronghuan Wu Yifan Li Miaoda Shen Xianyan Yang Lei Zhang Xiurong Ke Guojing Yang Changyou Gao Zhongru Gou Sanzhong Xu | 2021 | Bioactive Materials2021，6，5： | 5 |
| 8 | Abnormality diagnosis of cracks in the concrete based on double crack tip opening displacement criterion显示文摘The distinct characteristic of subcritical propagation requires at least two control parameters to completely express expansion of cracks in the concrete.The basic definition of crack tip opening displacement(CTOD)is corrected based on the monitored variable of crack mouth opening displacement(CMOD).The improved CTOD criterion,called the double CTODd criterion,for the abnormality diagnosis of cracks in the concrete is constructed based on the fictitious crack model and linear asymptotic superposition assumptions of the concrete.The double CTODd criterion is verified using two specimens of three-point bending notched beam.The verification results are reasonable and correct.The establishment of the double CTODd criterion lays a solid theoretical foundation for the abnormality diagnosis of cracks in concrete structures(such as concrete dams)based on CMOD. | LI ZhanChao GU ChongShi WU ZhongRu | 2013 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2013，56，8： | 5 |
| 9 | 3D printing of Mg-substituted wollastonite reinforcing diopside porous bioceramics with enhanced mechanical and biological performances显示文摘Mechanical strength and its long-term stability of bioceramic scaffolds is still a problem to treat the osteonecrosis of the femoral head.Considering the long-term stability of diopside(DIO)ceramic but poor mechanical strength,we developed the DIO-based porous bioceramic composites via dilute magnesium substituted wollastonite reinforcing and three-dimensional(3D)printing.The experimental results showed that the secondary phase(i.e.10%magnesium substituting calcium silicate;CSM10)could readily improve the sintering property of the bioceramic composites(DIO/CSM10-x,x=0-30)with increasing the CSM10 content from 0%to 30%,and the presence of the CSM10 also improved the biomimetic apatite mineralization ability in the pore struts of the scaffolds.Furthermore,the flexible strength(12.5 -30 MPa)and compressive strength(14-37 MPa)of the 3D printed porous bioceramics remarkably increased with increasing CSM10 content,and the compressive strength of DIO/CSM10-30 showed a limited decay(from 37 MPa to 29 MPa)in the Tris buffer solution for a long time stage(8 weeks).These findings suggest that the new CSM10-reinforced diopside porous constructs possess excellent mechanical properties and can potentially be used to the clinic,especially for the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head work as a bioceramic rod. | Dongshuang He Chen Zhuang Sanzhong Xu Xiurong Ke Xianyan Yang Lei Zhang Guojing Yang Xiaoyi Chen Xiaozhou Mou An Liu Zhongru Gou | 2016 | Bioactive Materials2016，1，1： | 5 |
| 10 | The First Hadrosaurid Dinosaur from Southern China显示文摘一条新 hadrosaurid 恐龙, Nanningosaurus dashiensis 情报。et sp。nov,从 Nalong 盆的迟了的白垩纪红床基于一架不完全的骨骼被描述, Guangxi,南部的中国。为新税在上的诊断特征与减少的过程包括下颚的一个高、严厉地达到顶点的背面的过程的存在颧骨并且一个不同眼泪的方面,有低、圆 deltopectoral 冠的纤细优美的肱骨, mandible 的髁适合与减少的帕拉 transversly 宽广适合槽口,有蜿蜒的中部的龙骨和附属公司的齿骨牙齿隆起,相对,很少牙齿放,直接沿着大多数它的距离的座骨柄,但是弄弯欧洲粪金龟子突围并且在 dista | MO Jinyou ZHAO Zhongru WANG Wei XU Xing | 2007 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2007，81，4： | 4 |
| 11 | Tuning filament composition and microstructure of 3D-printed bioceramic scaffolds facilitate bone defect regeneration and repair显示文摘It is still a challenge to optimize the component distribution and microporous structures in scaffolds for tailoring biodegradation(ion releasing)and enhancing bone defect repair within an expected time stage.Herein,the core–shell-typed nonstoichiometric wollastonite(4%and 10%Mg-doping calcium silicate;CSiMg4,CSiMg10)macroporous scaffolds with microporous shells(adding~μ10 μm PS microspheres into shell-layer slurry)were fabricated via 3D printing.The initial mechanical properties and bio-dissolution(ion releasing)in vitro,and osteogenic capacity in vivo of the bioceramic scaffolds were evaluated systematically.It was shown that endowing high-density micropores in the sparingly dissolvable CSiMg10 or dissolvable CSiMg4 shell layer inevitably led to nearly 30%reduction of compressive strength,but such micropores could readily tune the ion release behaviour of the scaffolds(CSiMg4@CSiMg10 vs.CSiMg4@CSiMg10-p;CSiMg10@CSiMg4 vs.CSiMg10@CSiMg4-p).Based on the in rabbit femoral bone defect repair model,the 3D μCT reconstruction and histological observation demonstrated that the CSiMg4@CSiMg10-p scaffolds displayed markedly higher osteogenic capability than the other scaffolds after 12weeks of implantation.It demonstrated that core–shell bioceramic 3D printing technique can be developed to fabricate single-phase or biphasic bioactive ceramic scaffolds with accurately tailored filament biodegradation for promoting bone defect regeneration and repair in some specific pathological conditions. | Yi Chen Jiaping Huang Jiamei Liu Yingming Wei Xianyan Yang Lihong Lei Lili Chen Yanmin Wu Zhongru Gou | 2021 | Regenerative Biomaterials2021，8，2： | 3 |
| 12 | On-line diagnosis method of crack behavior abnormality in concrete dams based on fluctuation of sequential parameter estimates显示文摘Research on on-line diagnosis method of crack behavior abnormality in concrete dams can provide support for timely grasping abnormality state of the crack itself and achieving real-time monitoring of the dam safety.Considering that samples of crack effects in concrete dams increase actually over monitoring time,a superiority criterion for the on-line diagnosis is determined so as to detect the abnormality moments timely and reliably.By integrating the safety monitoring statistical model of crack effect variable with change point theory,a fluctuation method of regression coefficients is established for the on-line diagnosis.In addition,each abnormality moment is detected by the cumulative sum of regression model residuals.Results indicate that abnormality of crack behavior in concrete dams can be characterized by structural instability of crack monitoring model.And causes of crack behavior abnormality can be analyzed by the established method,which will play an important role in dam safety monitoring.Further,taking the crack in a concrete gravity-arch dam as an example,the scientific rationality and validity of the established on-line diagnosis method are confirmed. | LI ZhanChao GU ChongShi WANG ZhengZhong WU ZhongRu | 2015 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2015，58，3： | 3 |
| 13 | Influence of fractality of fracture surfaces on stress and displacement fields at crack tips显示文摘In the classic theory of fracture mechanics,expressions for calculating the stresses and displacements in the vicinity of the crack tip are deduced on the basis of the assumption that a fracture surface is a smooth surface or that a crack is a smooth crack.In fact,the surface of a crack formed during the fracture is usually very irregular.So the real asymptotic form of the stress and displacement fields at the crack tip is different from the classic one.Considering the irregularity of a real fracture surface or a real crack profile,the crack is taken as a fractal one,and then the real asymptotic form at the crack tip is developed by applying Griffith's energy balance principle and fractal geometry.Through the developed asymptotic form,it is discovered that the fractality of the crack reduces the stress singularity at the crack tip. | BAO TengFei,WU ZhongRu,GU ChongShi & GU YanLing College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China | 2008 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2008，51，S2： | 3 |
| 14 | A trilogy antimicrobial strategy for multiple infections of orthopedic implants throughout their life cycle显示文摘Bacteria-associated infection represents one of the major threats for orthopedic implants failure during their life cycles.However,ordinary antimicrobial treatments usually failed to combat multiple waves of infections during arthroplasty and prosthesis revisions etc.As these incidents could easily introduce new microbial pathogens in/onto the implants.Herein,we demonstrate that an antimicrobial trilogy strategy incorporating a sophisticated multilayered coating system leveraging multiple ion exchange mechanisms and fine nanotopography tuning,could effectively eradicate bacterial infection at various stages of implantation.Early stage bacteriostatic effect was realized via nano-topological structure of top mineral coating.Antibacterial effect at intermediate stage was mediated by sustained release of zinc ions from doped CaP coating.Strong antibacterial potency was validated at 4 weeks post implantation via an implanted model in vivo.Finally,the underlying zinc titanate fiber network enabled a long-term contact and release effect of residual zinc,which maintained a strong antibacterial ability against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli even after the removal of top layer coating.Moreover,sustained release of Sr2+and Zn2+during CaP coating degradation substantially promoted implant osseointegration even under an infectious environment by showing more peri-implant new bone formation and substantially improved bone-implant bonding strength. | Yikai Wang Wangsiyuan Teng Zengjie Zhang Xingzhi Zhou Yuxiao Ye Peng Lin An Liu Yan Wu Binghao Li Chongda Zhang Xianyan Yang Weixu Li Xiaohua Yu Zhongru Gou Zhaoming Ye | 2021 | Bioactive Materials2021，6，7： | 3 |
| 15 | Enhanced high temperature cycling performance of LiMn_2O_4/graphite cells with methylene methanedisulfonate(MMDS) as electrolyte additive and its acting mechanism显示文摘The effects of methylene methanedisulfonate(MMDS) on the high-temperature(50℃) cycle performance of LiMn2O4/graphite cells are investigated.By addition of 2 wt%MMDS into a routine electrolyte,the high-temperature cycling performance of LiMn204/graphite cells can be significantly improved.The analysis of differential capacity curves and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry(EDX) indicates that MMDS decomposed on both cathode and anode.The three-electrode system of pouch cell is used to reveal the capacity loss mechanism in the cells.It is shown that the capacity fading of cells without MMDS in the electrolytes is due to irreversible lithium consumption during cycling and irreversible damage of LiMn2O4 material,while the capacity fading of cell with 2 wt%MMDS in electrolytes mainly originated from irreversible lithium consumption during cycling. | Fengju Bian Zhongru Zhang Yong Yang | 2014 | Journal of Energy Chemistry2014，23，3： | 2 |
| 16 | A Study of Safety Evaluation and Early'warning Method for Dam Global Behavior显示文摘 | SU Huaizhi HU Jiang WU Zhongru | 2012 | Structural Health Moni- toring2012，11，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Dam health diagnosis and evaluation 显示文摘 | Wu Zhongru Su Huaizhi | 2005 | Smart Materials & Structures2005，14，3： | 1 |
| 18 | A study of safetyevaluation and early-warning method for dam globalbehavior 显示文摘 | SU Huaizhi HU Jiang WU Zhongru | 2012 | Structural health Monitoring: AnInternational Journal2012，11，3： | 1 |
| 19 | A study of safety evaluation and early- warning method for dam global behavior显示文摘 | SU Huaizhi HU Jiang WU Zhongru | 2012 | Structural Health Monitoring2012，11，3： | 1 |
| 20 | i Dam health diagnosis and evaluation 显示文摘 | Wu Zhongru SuHuaizh | 2005 | Smart Materials& Structures2005，14，3： | 1 |
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