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| 1 | 电动牙刷与手动牙刷对口腔卫生的效果比较显示文摘目的对电动牙刷和手动牙刷在去除菌斑、维护牙龈健康、对色素和牙结石的作用、可靠性、不良作用和成本等进行比较.方法计算机检索Cochrane口腔健康协作组临床试验资料库(截至2004年6月17日)、Cochran临床对照试验中心资料库(Cochrane图书馆2004第2期)、MEDLINE(1966~2004)、EMBASE(1980~2004第2周)和CINAHL(1982~2004第2周),并与制造商联系以获取更多资料.根据下列标准纳入随机对照试验:随机分配研究对象;参加者为手运动无障碍的普通人群;干预措施为无监督的手动或电动牙刷刷牙,至少4周;主要结局指标为试验期间菌斑和牙龈炎的变化.由6个作者独立评价并纳入研究资料.用随机效应模型进行Meta分析,用标准化均数差(SMD)及其95%CI测量效果.检查可能的异质性来源,并针对研究质量和发表偏倚进行敏感性分析.为便于讨论,将SMD转换为百分率.结果对包含3 855例研究对象的42个试验进行系统评价,结果显示,旋转振动型电动牙刷去除菌斑和减低牙龈炎的效果在短期内明显优于手动牙刷,并在3个月以上的研究中显示降低了牙龈炎指数.在1~3个月的研究中,菌斑SMD为-0.43 [95%CI (-0.72, 0.14)],牙龈炎SMD为-0.62 [95%CI (-0.90, 0.34)],Quigley Hein菌斑指数降低11%,Loe and Silness龈炎指数降低6%.在3个月以上的研究中,菌斑指数SMD为-1.29 [95%CI (-2.67, 0.08)], 龈炎指数为-0.51 [95%CI (-1.76, 0.25)],Ainamo Bay探诊出血指数降低17%.短期研究之间有异质性,敏感性分析显示当选择高质量的研究时结果是肯定的,没有证据表明有发表偏倚.采取其他设计的电动牙刷并不比手动牙刷更优.对成本、可靠性和不良作用的报道不一致,已报道的不良作用都是局限的、暂时的.结论旋转振动型电动牙刷去除牙菌斑、减少牙龈炎的效果优于手动牙刷.遵守方法学指南和更标准化的设计有益于将来的研究和Meta分析. | Robinson PG Deacon SA Deery C Heanue M Walmsley AD Worthington HV Glenny AM Shaw WC 陈娥 史宗道 | 2005 | 中国循证医学杂志2005，5，11： | 8 |
| 2 | Antioxidant enriched enteral nutrition and oxidative stress after major gastrointestinal tract surgery显示文摘AIM: To investigate the effects of an enteral supple-ment containing antioxidants on circulating levels of antioxidants and indicators of oxidative stress after major gastrointestinal surgery.METHODS: Twenty-one patients undergoing major upper gastrointestinal tract surgery were randomised in a single centre, open label study on the effect of postoperative enteral nutrition supplementedwith antioxidants. The effect on circulating levels of antioxidants and indicators of oxidative stress, such as F2-isoprostane, was studied. RESULTS: The antioxidant enteral supplement showed no adverse effects and was well tolerated. After surgery a decrease in the circulating levels of antioxidant parameters was observed. Only selenium and glutamine levels were restored to pre-operative values one week after surgery. F2-isoprostane increased in the first three postoperative days only in the antioxidant supplemented group. Lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) levels decreased faster in the antioxidant group after surgery.CONCLUSION: Despite lower antioxidant levels there was no increase in the circulating markers of oxidative stress on the first day after major abdominal surgery. The rise in F2-isoprostane in patients receiving the antioxidant supplement may be related to the conversion of antioxidants to oxidants which raises questions on antioxidant supplementation. Module AOX restored the postoperative decrease in selenium levels. The rapid decrease in LBP levels in the antioxidant group suggests a possible protective effect on gut wall integrity. Further studies are needed on the role of oxidative stress on outcome and the use of antioxidants in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. | Mireille FM van Stijn Gerdien C Ligthart-Melis Petra G Boelens Peter G Scheffer Tom Teerlink Jos WR Twisk Alexander PJ Houdijk Paul AM van Leeuwen | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，45： | 4 |
| 3 | 非甾体抗炎药应用中,环氧合酶2、不对称二甲基精氨酸与心血管危害的关系显示文摘已有大规模、安慰剂对照试验确定了非甾体类抗炎药(nonsteroidal anti—inflammatory drugs,NSAIDs)具有心血管危害性:这归因于环氧合酶2(cyclooxygenase,COX-2)的心脏保护产物受到抑制,尤其是前列环素(prostacyclin,PG12)。NSAID降低心脏保护作用的另一种机制可能是通过增强肾脏中甲基精氨酸的形成来限制一氧化氮在整个脉管系统中的作用。 | Ricciotti E Castro C Tang SY Briggs WTE West JA Malik D Rhoades SD Meng H Li X Lahens NF Sparks JA Karlson EW Weljie AM Griffin JL FitzGerald GA6 刘青 叶鹏 | 2018 | 中华高血压杂志2018，26，9： | 3 |
| 4 | Apoptosis of endothelial cells: contribution to the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis?显示文摘 | Dimmeler S Hermann C Zeiher AM | 1998 | Eur Cytokine Netw1998，9，4： | 2 |
| 5 | Novel CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell determinants within the NS3 protein in subjects with spontaneously resolved HCV infection 显示文摘 | Wertheimer AM Miner C Lewinsohn DM | 2003 | Hepatology2003，37，3： | 2 |
| 6 | The E-screen assay as a tool to identify estrogens:An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants显示文摘 | Soto AM Sonnenschein C Chung KL | 1995 | Environ Health Perspect1995，103，： | 2 |
| 7 | Identification of mycobacteria and other acid fast organisms associated with pulmonary disease显示文摘 | AE Ani B Diarra UR Dahle C Lekuk F Yetunde AM Somboro Tounkara Anatole J Idoko | 2011 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease2011，，4： | 2 |
| 8 | 白质内的神经递质信号显示文摘脑白质是由许多有髓鞘的轴突组成,白质和灰质共同组成中枢神经系统,白质是中枢神经系统内信息快速传递的基础。有髓神经通路主要是由少突胶质细胞、星形胶质细胞及少量的小胶质细胞和少突胶质前体细胞构成。大部分白质内的神经递质信号主要存在于神经细胞胞体外,这提示这些神经递质除了具有完成神经元与神经元之间信息传递的功能外,还有其他生理功能。白质中的神经递质信号种类很多,已经证实的有谷氨酸能、嘌呤能(ATP和腺苷)、GABA能、甘氨酸能、肾上腺素能、胆碱能、多巴胺能、血清素能等信号递质,通过与各种离子型或代谢型受体结合发挥作用。轴突和胶质细胞都可以释放神经递质,也可以表达相应的受体。白质内神经递质信号的生理功能还需进一步研究,但研究已经证实谷氨酸和ATP介导的信号可激活胶质细胞上的钙离子通道,并调节轴突的传导功能。某项研究显示,在动作电位传播的过程中,轴突释放神经递质并与胶质细胞上的受体结合,通过少突胶质细胞来调节星形胶质细胞的稳态和髓鞘形成。星形胶质细胞也释放神经递质,与轴突上的受体相结合,增强动作电位的传播,维持信号电位沿长的轴突传播。白质内神经递质种类的多样性,提示它们有多种功能,对信号的传递有重要作用。白质内的神经递质信号现象很有可能也存在于大脑皮质和灰质,在这些部位的神经递质对于大脑的高级认知功能有更重要的作用。 | Butt AM Fern RF Matute C 唐颖馨 | 2014 | 神经损伤与功能重建2014，9，6： | 2 |
| 9 | SSJD15011600007878显示文摘 | María A. Mejía-Benítez Amélie Bonnefond Lo?c Yengo Marlène Huyvaert Aurélie Dechaume Jesús Peralta-Romero Miguel Klünder-Klünder Jaime García Mena Julia S. El-Sayed Moustafa Mario Falchi Miguel Cruz Philippe Froguel | 2015 | Diabetologia2015，，2： | 2 |
| 10 | COPD heterogeneity: gender differences in the multidimensional BODE index 显示文摘 | de Torres JP Casanova C de Gareini AM | 2007 | International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease2007，2，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Adipocyte differentiation of multipotent cells established from human adipose tissue显示文摘 | Elabd C Delteil F | 2004 | Biochem Biophys Res Commun2004，315，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Estrogen increases endothelial nitric oxide synthase via estrogen receptors in rat cerebral blood vessels: effect preserved after concurrent treatment with medroxyprogesterone acetate or progesterone显示文摘 | McNeill AM Zhang C Stanczyk FZ | 2002 | Stroke2002，33，： | 1 |
| 13 | Dysregulation of beta-catenin expression correlates with tumor differentiation in pancreatic duct adenocarcinoma显示文摘 | Lowy AM Fenoglio-Preiser C Kim OJ | 2003 | Ann Surg Oncol2003，10，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Apolipopmtein(a):Structureand piolagy显示文摘 | Scow AM Naksjima K Edelstein C | 2001 | Front Biosci2001，6，： | 1 |
| 15 | Gastrointestimd stromal tumors frequency, malignancy, and new prognostic factors : the experi- ence of a single institution 显示文摘 | Bertolini V Chiaravalli AM Klersy C | 2008 | Pathol Res Pract2008，204，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Phase I study of twodifferent schedules of bortezomib and pemetrexed in ad-vanced s olid tumors with emphasis on non-small cell lungcancer显示文摘 | Davies AM Ho C Metzger AS | 2007 | J Thorac Oncol2007，2，12： | 1 |
| 17 | Hepatitis B virus-related liver disease in isolated anti-hepatitis B-core positive lymphoma patients receiving chemo- or chemo-immune therapy 显示文摘 | Targhetta C Cabras MG Mamusa AM | 2008 | Haematologica2008，93，6： | 1 |
| 18 | Communication:expression of the novel inhibitor of apoptosis surviving in normal and neoplastic skin显示文摘 | Chiodino C Cesinaro AM Ottani D | 1999 | J Invest D ermatol1999，113，： | 1 |
| 19 | Phase I study of highly selective supradose cisplatin infusions for advanced head and neck cancer显示文摘 | Robbins KT Storniolo AM Kerber C | 1994 | J Clin Oncol1994，12，10： | 1 |
| 20 | Effect of low-protein diet supplemented with Keto acids on progression of disease in patients with chronic renal failure显示文摘 | Deniz Am Agli M Ensari C | 2000 | Nephron2000，84，3： | 1 |
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