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| 1 | MAPK signal pathways in the regulation of cell proliferation in mammalian cells显示文摘MAPK families play an important role in complex cellular programs like proliferation, differentiation, development, transformation, and apoptosis. At least three MAPI(families have been characterized: extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), Jun kinase (JNK/SAPK) and p38 MAPK. The above effects are fulfilled by regulation of cell cycle engine and other cell proliferation related proteins. In this paper we discussed their functions and cooperation with other signal pathways in regulation of cell proliferation. | WEI ZHANG, Hui Tu LIU The Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China | 2002 | Cell Research2002，12，1： | 107 |
| 2 | Combined Pollution and Pollution Index of Heavy Metals in Red Soil显示文摘A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn and As coexisting in red soilon growth of rice (Oryza sativa L.), mung bean (Vigna rabiata (Linn.) Wilczek), alfalfa (Medicago sativaL.), slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) and aspen (Populus L.). Results showed that rice, mung bean andalfalfa were significantly innuenced by combined pollution of the heavy metals. The contents of Pb, cd andAs in rice grains greatly exceeded the National Standards for Food Hygiene of China. Heavy metals at ahigh concentration seriously retarded growth of mung bean and alfalfa, but not so obviously with slash pineand aspen. The composite index is suggested for evaluating the relativity of combined pollution witll heavymetals in soil. | CHEN HUAIMAN ZHENG CHUNRONG WANG SHENQIANG and TU CONG(Institute of Soil Science, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 821, Naroing 210008 China) | 2000 | Pedosphere2000，10，2： | 56 |
| 3 | Al_(80)Ni_6Y_8Co_4Cu_2 GLASS ALLOYS CONTAINING NANOSCALEPARTICLES BY ISOTHERMAL ANNEALING OR QUENCHING显示文摘Al80Ni6 Y8 Co4 Cu2 amorphous ribbons were isothermally annealed and a mixed structure consisting of α-Al particle with a size of less than 15nm and Al3Ni compound with a size of about 30nm was obtained. The crystallization kinetics of Al80Ni6 Y8 Co4 Cu2 amorphous alloy shows that the precipitation of α-Al particles is the growth process controlled by diffusion of the solute elements rejected from the growing crystals. By quenching at different cooling rates, a mixed structure consisting of nanoscale α-Al particles and the remaining glass matrix or structure consisting of nanoscale particle (Al phase or Al3Ni compound) with a size of about 100nm was formed. The addition of Co elements and Cu elements to Al-Ni-Y alloy systems increases the glass formation ability of the alloy and the thermal stability of the supercooled liquid region against crystallization, which results from significant difference of atomic size, strong bonding nature among constituent elements and the low diffisivity of the solute elements due to the concentration gradient in the growing front of crystals. | Z. Bian, G. He and G.L. Chen (State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China) J. Lu, D.J. Chen, G.C. Tu, G.J. Chen and X.J. Hu (Shougang Metallurgical Research Institute, Beijing | 2000 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2000，13，5： | 16 |
| 4 | Three-year changes of surface albedo of degraded grassland and cropland surfaces in a semiarid area显示文摘Diurnal, seasonal and interannual variations of surface albedo of degraded grassland and cropland surfaces at a semiarid area of Tognyu have been investigated based on the continuous three years observational data from 2003 to 2005. The changes of surface albedo with solar elevation angle and soil moisture have been discussed also. It has been found that surface albedo has almost the same diurnal and seasonal variations on degraded grassland and cropland surfaces in the semiarid area, while sur- face albedo is large in winter and small in summer. The diurnal variation of the surface albedo has re- lationship with the weather condition. The diurnal cycle of the surface albedo likes the 'U' shape curve in sunny day, while it is low-high after the rain, and high-low after the snow. The surface albedo has large variation in cloudy day, while it has no any variation in overcast day. The large difference of the surface albedo can be 0.04 in winter between two land surfaces, because the snow has large effects on the surface albedo in winter. The rainfall is an important factor in summer on the surface albedo, while the difference of the surface albedo is 0.01 only between two land surfaces. The differences of the surface albedo can also be 0.04 in autumn due to vegetation growing. The seasonal-average surface albeo from 2003―2005 is 0.25, 0.22, 0.24, 0.32 respectively in spring, summer, autumn and winter on the degraded grassland surface,while it is 0.25, 0.21, 0.22, 0.33 respectively in spring, summer, autumn and winter on the cropland surface. The surface albedo becomes smaller with the increase of solar elevation angle. When the solar elevation angle is greater than 40°, the surface albedo changes very little and tends to be a constant. The surface albedo has negative exponent functions with soil moisture in the growing season. | LIU HuiZhi1↑, TU Gang2,3 & DONG WenJie4 1 State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chi- nese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China 2 Laboratory of Research for Middle-High Latitude Circulation System and East Asia Monsoon, China Meteorological Administration, Changchun 130062, China 3 Institute of Meteorological Science of Jilin Province, Changchun 130062, China 4 National Climate Center, Beijing 100081, China | 2008 | Chinese Science Bulletin2008，53，8： | 14 |
| 5 | Effect of Combined Heavy Metal Pollution on Nitrogen Mineralization Potential,Urease and Phosphatase Activities in a Typic Udic Ferrisol显示文摘INTRODUCTIONAnthropogenicactivitiessuchasmining,smelting,electroplating,ore-refiningandlanddisposalofwasteshaveledtoanincreajseofheavymetalcolltelltsinthesoil(Chen,1996).Heavymetalaccumulationinthesoilimpactsanumberofsoilpropertiesthatmightbethepoten... | ZHENG CHUNRONG TU CONG and CHEN HUAIMAN(Laboratory of Material Cycling in Pedosphere, Institute of Soil Science, the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008 (China))(Received April 20, 1999 revised June 2, 1999) | 1999 | Pedosphere1999，9，3： | 13 |
| 6 | Effects of Different Energy Levels on Nutrient Utilization and Serum Biochemical Parameters of Early-Weaned Calves显示文摘Current study was performed to investigate the effects of different energy levels on nutrient digestion metabolism and serum biochemical parameters of early-weaned calves. Twelve neonatal Holstein calves were selected and assigned randomly to receive 1 of 3 treatments that contained 18.51, 19.66 and 20.80 MJ kg-1 gross energy, respectively (n = 4 per treatment). Digestion and metabolism trials were carried out in 5 phases (12-20, 22-30, 32-40, 42-50, and 52-60 d of age). At the same time, blood metabolites were determined at 21, 31, 41, 51, and 61 d of age prior to morning feeding. The results indicated that either dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) and gross energy (GE) apparent digestibility or N and P retention tended to increase as age advanced; the average value of DM and OM apparent digestibility and Ca retention in high-energy treatment was significantly lower than that of other groups (P < 0.05); there were no significant differences in the concentration of serum glucose, triglyceride and urea N among treatments, whereas a significant effect of age was found on the level of triglyceride (P < 0.05). To sum up, medium-energy milk replacer seems to be more beneficial for GE digestibility and N utilization, whereas low-energy milk replacer appears to be more rewarding for Ca and P utilization. | ZHANG Rong, DIAO Qi-yu, ZHANG Nai-feng, TU Yan and JIANG Cheng-gang Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P.R.China | 2010 | Agricultural Sciences in China2010，9，5： | 10 |
| 7 | Efficient microwave-assisted photocatalytic degradation of endocrine disruptor dimethyl phthalate over composite catalyst ZrO_x /ZnO显示文摘A highly active ZrO x /ZnO catalyst for microwave-assisted photocatalytic (MW/PC) degradation of endocrine disruptor dimethyl phthalate (DMP) has been prepared via cetyltrimethylammonium assisted hydrothermal method. The ZrO x /ZnO was characterized by XPS, XRD, UV-Vis, BET and SEM techniques. The XPS result showed that Zr oxides with different valences (+2, +3, +4) co-existed in ZrO x /ZnO. By using the ZrO x /ZnO (0.1 g), the TOC removal efficiency of DMP (100 mL of 50 mg/L) was 88% after 30 min reaction, which was about 15% higher than P25 TiO 2 . It was found that the removal process of DMP by MW/PC followed pseudo first-order kinetics in all cases, and ZrO x /ZnO significantly accelerated the degradation of DMP. The degradation half-life time of DMP was shortened 45% compared with P25 TiO 2 . A possible catalytic mechanism was proposed based on microwave response and interfacial charge transfer. ZrO x /ZnO could be reused for six times without obvious decrease in catalytic activity. The study offers new insights into designing highly efficient catalysts for MW/PC process and is applicable for MW/PC environmental remediation. | Wenchao Liao, Tong Zheng, Peng Wang, Sisi Tu, Weiqian PanState Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China. | 2010 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2010，22，11： | 9 |
| 8 | Transarterial embolization ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma with a lipiodol-ethanol mixture显示文摘AIM: To determine the safety and effectiveness of transarterial embolization ablation (TEA) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with a lipiodol-ethanol mixture. METHODS: Between January 1 and December 31, 2009, 15 patients with HCC (13 men/two women, aged 38-75 years) accepted TEA treatment and were enrolled in this study, including five newly diagnosed patients and 10 with refractory disease. Two months after TEA, angiography and contrast computed tomography (CT) were performed, and responses were assessed using a modified version of Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST version 1.1). The follow-up period was to June 30, 2010. RESULTS: Every new case was treated once. Angiography was performed immediately after TEA, and showed that the tumor-feeding vessels were completely embolized and that lipiodol was densely deposited inside tumors. Two months after treatment, contrast CT showed no enhanced lesions. Alpha fetoprotein levels returned to normal in four patients and markedly decreased in another. mean ± SD survival after treatment was 10.8 ± 4.5 mo. All five patients survived during the follow-up period. Ten patients with refractory disease were treated a total of 14 times. Angiography immediately after TEA showed that blood flow to the tumors was obviously decreased in all cases, and contrast CT showed obvious depositions of lipiodol. Two months after treatment, the tumors had shrunk (6/10) or were stable (3/10). One had progressed after 2 mo and died of tumor rupture 3 mo after TEA. mean ± SD survival after treatment was 8.6 ± 4.3 mo; two patients survived during the follow-up period. Adverse effects included reversible hepatic decompensation, upper abdominal pain, and fever. CONCLUSION: TEA is an effective therapy for patients with HCC and might be more effective than transcather arterial chemoembolization for treating refractory disease. | Yang-Kui Gu, Rong-Guang Luo, Jin-Hua Huang, Qi-Jiao Si Tu, Xiao-Xia Li, Fei Gao,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China,Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology,Cancer Center,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou510060,Guangdong Province,China Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nan-Chang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，45： | 9 |
| 9 | Enantioselective separation and zebrafish embryo toxicity of insecticide beta-cypermethrin显示文摘Enantioselectivity of chiral pollutants is receiving growing concern due to the difference in toxicology and environment fate between enantiomers.In this study,enantiomers of insecticide beta-cypermethrin (beta-CP) were separated on selected chiral column by HPLC,and the toxicity of enantiomers was evaluated using the zebrafish embryo-larval assays.The enantiomers of beta-CP were baseline separated on Chiralcel OD and Chiralpak AD columns and detected by circular dichroism (CD) at 236 nm.Better separation could be achieved at lower temperature (e.g.,20°C) and with lower levels of polar modifiers.Pure enantiomers were obtained on Chiralcel OD.The CD spectra of enantiomers were recorded.By comparing the elution order with a previous similar study,the absolute configuration of beta-CP enantiomers was determined.The individual enantiomers were used in zebrafish embryo test,and the results showed that beta-CP enantioselectively induced yolk sac edema,pericardial edema and crooked body.The 1R-cis-αS and 1R-trans-αS enantiomers showed strong developmental toxicities at concentration of 0.1 mg/L,while the 1S-cis-αR and 1S-trans-αR induced no malformations at higher concentration (e.g.,0.3 mg/L).The results suggest that the enantioselective toxicological effects of beta-CP should be considered when evaluating its ecotoxicological effects. | Chao Xu,Wenqing Tu,Chun Lou,Yingying Hong,Meirong Zhao Research Center of Environmental Science,College of Biological and Environmental Engineering,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310032,China. | 2010 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2010，22，5： | 8 |
| 10 | The mesoscale numerical simulation of the flow field of the Hainan Island and the Leizhou Peninsula显示文摘The flow field over Hainan Island and the Leizhou Peninsula in summer and winter is discussed with three-dimensional mesoscale model developed in the University of Virginia and using the representative meteorological data of January and July.Simulation results indicate that the local weather characteristics over the Hainan Island are distinctly influenced by theWuzhi Mountain terrain. The cloudy or rainfall weather over the northeast of the Wuzhi Mountain occurs easily, under proper large-scale conditions of flow, temperature and humidity. while west wind prevails. The overcast or rainfall weather is often induced by strong convection in the afternoon over west of the Hainan Island under easterly prevailing wind. | Tu Xiaoling, Zhou Mingyu and Sheng Shaohua National Research Center for Marine Environmental Forecast, Beijing 100081, China | 1993 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica1993，12，2： | 7 |
| 11 | Distribution and Transformation of Native and Added Ni Fractions in Purple Soils from Sichuan Province显示文摘DistributionandTransformationofNativeandAddedNiFractionsinPurpleSoilsfrom SichuanProvinceTUCONG(CollegeofResourcesandEnvironm... | TU CONG(College of Resources and Environment,Southwest Agricultural University,Chonyqiny 630716 China) | 1996 | Pedosphere1996，6，2： | 6 |
| 12 | Seam Tracking and Visual Control for Robotic Arc Welding Based on Structured Light Stereovision显示文摘A real-time arc welding robot visual control system based on a local network with a multi-level hierarchy is developed in this paper. It consists of an intelligence and human-machine interface level, a motion planning level, a motion control level and a servo control level. The last three levels form a local real-time open robot controller, which realizes motion planning and motion control of a robot. A camera calibration method based on the relative movement of the end-effector connected to a robot is proposed and a method for tracking weld seam based on the structured light stereovision is provided. Combining the parameters of the cameras and laser plane, three groups of position values in Cartesian space are obtained for each feature point in a stripe projected on the weld seam. The accurate three-dimensional position of the edge points in the weld seam can be calculated from the obtained parameters with an information fusion algorithm. By calculating the weld seam parameter from position and image data, the movement parameters of the robot used for tracking can be determined. A swing welding experiment of type Ⅴgroove weld is successfully conducted, the results of which show that the system has high resolution seam tracking in real-time, and works stably and efficiently. | De Xu, Min Tan, Xiaoguang Zhao, Zhiguo Tu Laboratory of Complex Systems and Intelligence Science, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, PRC | 2004 | International Journal of Automation and computing2004，1，1： | 5 |
| 13 | Effect of Heavy Metals on Phosphorus Retention by Typic Udic Ferrisols: Equilibrium and Kinetics显示文摘A study was conducted to examine the effect of heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd in combination or alone) on the equilibrium and kinetics of phosphorus (P) retention in typic udic ferrisols by using both equilibrium and flow techniques. Fourteen soil samples with varying artificial contamination of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd were prepared. Heavy metal pollution led to increases in retention capacity and maximum buffering capacity (MBC) of soil P. The rate of P retention was also increased and the time to reach equilibrium was advanced by heavy metals addition. The Elovich equation provided a satisfactory description of the P kinetic data. The influence of heavy metals on P retention was in the order of Pb>Cu>Zn, with greater effect in multiple metal pollution. These findings suggested that heavy metal pollution caused an increase in P fixation and thus a decline in P availability. Therefore, indirect influences of heavy metal contamination on soil nutrients may need more consideration when determining overall impact of heavy metals on soil environment. | TU CONG, ZHENG CHUNRONG and CHEN HUAIMAN LMCP, Institute of Soil Science, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 821, Nanjing 210008 (China) | 2002 | Pedosphere2002，12，1： | 4 |
| 14 | SIMULATION OF THE MICROSTRUCTURE DISTRIBUTION OF HYDROGEN STORAGE ALLOY AND OPTIMAL DESIGN OF CASTING MOULDS显示文摘In this paper,a simulation model for the temperature field in the solidification process and microstructure distribution is presented. Then, the result of simulation for the final microstructure distribution is compared with experiment using 10-Kg ingot of MlNi3.55Al0.3Mn0.4CO0.75 (Ml: Lanthanum-rich Mischmetal) hydrogen stor- age alloy cast in a mould, which agrees with the experiment well. Finally, in order to obtain the expected as-cast microstructure distribution of 15-Kg ingot of MlNi3.55Al0.3Mn0.4Co0.75 alloy, the size of Cu mould is optimized using the model described. The optimized mould is then made and the alloy is cast in it, the expected as-cast microstructure distribution is obtained. | Q.A. Li, H.Q. Mo, Y.Z. Huo, G. Sang, Y.F. Chen, M.G. Han, Y.G. Chen and M.J. Tu Department of Metal Materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China | 2000 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2000，13，2： | 4 |
| 15 | Electrophysiological evidence of personal experiences in the great Sichuan earthquake impacting on selective attention显示文摘Event-related brain potentials(ERPs) were measured when 24 Chinese subjects performed the earthquake color-matching Stroop task.All of them have experienced the great Sichuan earthquake(5.12),with 12 subjects in each of Chengdu city and Chongqing city(different earthquake experiences) groups.The behavioral data showed that the earthquake Stroop task yielded robust the earthquake interference effect as indexed by longer RT for earthquake-related(Related) words than earthquake-unrelated(Unrelated) words only in the Chengdu group.Scalp ERP analysis also revealed the neurophysiological substrate of the interference effect:a greater positivity(P350-450) in Related words as compared to Unrelated words was found between 350 and 450 ms post-stimulus over fronto-central scalp regions in the Chengdu group,while the interference effect was not found in the Chongqing group.The P350-450 might reflect an earthquake experience interference,but also attention enhancing,effect of earthquake-related words.Dipole source analysis of the difference wave(Related-Unrelated) showed that a generator was localized in the parahippocampal gyrus,which was possibly associated with flashbulb memory(personal earthquake experience).The results indicated that different personal earthquake experiences might be critical in engaging the neural mechanisms that underlie the modulation of selective attention. | QIU Jiang1,2,LI Hong1,2,ZHANG QingLin1,2,HUANG LiHui2,GUO YaQiao2,TU Shen2,WANG Ting2 & WEI DongTao2 1 Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality(SWU),Ministry of Education,Chongqing 400715,China 2 School of psychology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China | 2009 | Science China(Life Sciences)2009，52，7： | 4 |
| 16 | Construction of sperm-specific lactate dehydrogenase DNA vaccine and experimental study of its immuno-contraceptive effect on mice显示文摘Lactate dehydrogenase C4 (LDHC4) is a key enzyme for sperm metabolism. It is distributed specifically in testis and is highly immunogenic. In this study, two DNA vaccines pVAX1-hLDHC and pVAX1-mLDHC were constructed by inserting coding sequences of human and mice LDHC4 into the eukaryotic ex-pression vector pVAX1. The production of LDHC4 specific antibodies was induced in the sera of vac-cinated mice and the reproductive tract secretions of vaccinated female mice through immunization by mucosal surface instillation. Furthermore, the antibody titer increased with the times of immunization. In the mating experiment, the number of newborns of the vaccinated mice reduced significantly and some immunized female mice even lost the ability to bear any offsprings, suggesting that the difference between the immunized and control mice was statistically significant. Sperm agglutination analysis indicated that both the antisera from immunized mice and the reproductive tract secretions of vacci-nated female mice could agglutinate normal sperms. Results of immunohistochemistry showed that the antibodies present in the sera of immunized mice and the reproductive tract secretions of vaccinated female mice could specifically react with LDHC4 antigen, which mainly locates in the cytoplasm, acrosome membrane externa and acrosome capsule of the sperm. Taken together, our results indicated that the constructed contraceptive DNA vaccines did yield immunocontraceptive effects on mice and this would enable clinical trials in near future. | CHEN Yong*, ZHANG Duo*, XIN Na, XIONG YongZhong, CHEN Ping, LI Bo, TU XiangDong & LAN FengHua Research Laboratory of Medical Genetics, PLA Institute of Technology for Birth Control, Fetal Health and Child Growth, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region, Fuzhou 350025, China | 2008 | Science China(Life Sciences)2008，51，4： | 3 |
| 17 | Binding Equilibrium Studies Between Co^(2+) and HSA or BSA显示文摘 | BIAN He dong 1, LIANG Hong 1,** TU Chu qiao 1, ZHANG Hong zhi 1 and SHEN Pan wen 2(1. Research Institute of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China | 2000 | Chemical Research in Chinese Universities2000，16，3： | 3 |
| 18 | Synthesis of substituted benzoxazoles by the iron(Ⅲ)-catalyzed aerobic oxidation process显示文摘The FeCl3-catalyzed aerobic oxidation process for the synthesis of benzoxazoles,benzothiazole and benzimidazole has been discovered.This method has proved to be effective to a wide range of substrates,and it has been applied for the synthesis of JTP-426467. | CAO Ke,TU YongQiang & ZHANG FuMin P State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China | 2010 | Science China Chemistry2010，53，1： | 3 |
| 19 | Jackson type theorems on complex curves显示文摘Let Γ be a closed smooth Jordan curve in the complex plane. In this paper, with the help of a class of fundamental functions of Hermite interpolation, the author introduces a continuous function interpolation which uniformly approximates to f(z) ∈ C(Γ ) with the same order of approximation as that in Jackson Theorem 1 on real interval [1, 1]. The accuracy of the order of approximation is proved. Using the method different from the early works, the author studies simultaneous approximation to function and its derivatives and the desired results analogues to that in Jackson Theorem 2 on real interval [1, 1] are obtained. | TU TianLiang Deptartment of Mathematics and Informatics, North China Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power, Zhengzhou 450011, China | 2009 | Science China Mathematics2009，52，3： | 3 |
| 20 | Comparative Research on Prediction Model of China's Urban-rural Residents' Income Gap显示文摘By using the data concerning China's urban-rural residents' income gap from 1978 to 2010,this paper mainly researches the application of several kinds of models in predicting China's urban-rural residents' income gap.By conducting empirical analysis,we establish ARIMA prediction model,grey prediction model and quadratic-polynomial prediction model and conduct accuracy comparison.The results show that quadratic-polynomial prediction model has excellent fitting effect.By using quadratic-polynomial prediction model,this paper conducts prediction on trend of China's urban-rural residents' income gap from 2011 to 2013,and the prediction value of income gap of urban-rural residents in China from 2011 to 2013 is 14 173.20,15 212.92 and 16 289.67 yuan respectively.Finally,on the basis of analysis,corresponding countermeasures are put forward,in order to provide scientific basis for energy planning and policy formulation:first,strengthen government's function of public service,coordinate resources,and strive to provide an equal opportunity of development for social members,so as to promote people's welfare and promote social equality;second,breach industrial monopoly and bridge income gap between employees in monopoly industry and general industry;last but not the least,support,encourage and call for government to establish social relief fund,adjust residents' income distribution from the non-governmental perspective,and endeavor to promote the income level of low-income class. | TU Xiong-ling School of Finance and Statistics,Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics,Nanchang 330013,China | 2011 | Asian Agricultural Research2011，3，5： | 2 |
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