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| 1 | 近20 a塔里木河下游输水对生态环境的影响显示文摘塔里木河下游是新疆生态环境问题比较突出的地区。为改善该地区恶化的生态环境,国家自2000年起向塔里木河下游实施了18次以生态建设和环境保护为目的的生态输水工程。近20 a来,塔里木河下游地下水位随输水次数增加呈不断上升趋势,生态植被不断修复,生态环境逐步好转。尤其是2017年实施第18次生态输水后,下输水量及其影响范围取得较大突破,引起社会高度关注。通过近20 a的断面来水监测资料,从水量、水质、地下水变化、植被恢复等方面,初步分析输水对生态环境的影响。同时,对前人研究的成果进行梳理和延展,使其对今后塔里木河下游的生态调度和科学管理起到指导作用。经分析得出以下结论:(1)虽然生态输水量基本都补给了生态植被和河道两侧的地下水,但持续性输水才是保证下游脆弱的生态环境稳定好转的根本途径。(2)输水使下游生态环境得到改善,现生态植被正在恢复,地下水位逐步抬升,地下水质明显好转。(3)采用汛期输水和间歇机动式调度,可使输水效益达到最大化。 | 李丽君 张小清 陈长清 申梦阳 | 2018 | 干旱区地理2018，41，2： | 47 |
| 2 | 塔里木河中游荒漠河岸林土壤理化性质分布特征与植被关系显示文摘为揭示土壤理化性质的空间变异特征及其与植物数量特征、物种多样性的关系,运用相关性分析和回归分析等方法对塔里木河中游荒漠河岸林不同生境土壤理化性质的空间变异规律及其与植物数量特征和物种多样性进行了分析。结果表明:(1)不同生境土壤理化性质有明显的差异,表现为:土壤含水量、容重在河岸地带大于过渡地带和荒漠地带,持水量、孔隙度、全盐、pH值则随着垂直于河岸距离的增加而增加,有机质、全磷、全钾的最大值则出现在水热资源组合较好的过渡地带,生境内部不同土层理化因子变化呈现不同的规律;(2)随着距离河岸增加,乔木、灌木、草本的频度、盖度、密度存在不同程度退化,物种多样性指数也明显降低;(3)植物数量特征、物种多样性指数与土壤理化因子存在一定的相关性,全盐量、容重、土壤含水量、pH、全氮、全磷与植物的数量特征指标和物种多样性指数的关系最为密切;(4)经回归分析,表明土壤含水量是影响干旱地区植物生长的首要因子,而土壤养分也是影响植物生长的主要因素,且有机质、全磷、全钾与植物生长状况呈负相关。土壤理化性质的空间变异不仅促使区域植物数量特征发生明显变化,而且也影响群落的演替,同时,植物的空间分布特征对土壤理化性质有明显改良作用,通过二者关系的研究为塔里木河中游荒漠河岸林的恢复和土地沙化的治理提供理论支撑。 | 张海涛 梁继业 周正立 吕瑞恒 | 2016 | 水土保持研究2016，23，2： | 13 |
| 3 | Responses of root growth of Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. (Fabaceae) to different simulated groundwater depths in the southern fringe of the Taklimakan Desert, China显示文摘Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. (Fabaceae) is a spiny, perennial herb. The species grows in the salinized, arid regions in North China. This study investigated the response characteristics of the root growth and the distribution of one-year-old A. sparsifolia seedlings to different groundwater depths in controlled plots. The ecological adaptability of the root systems of A. sparsifolia seedlings was examined using the artificial digging method. Results showed that: (1) A. sparsifolia seedlings adapted to an increase in groundwater depth mainly through increasing the penetration depth and growth rate of vertical roots. The vertical roots grew rapidly when soil moisture content reached 3%-9%, but slowly when soil moisture content was 13%-20%. The vertical roots stopped growing when soil moisture content reached 30% (the critical soil moisture point). (2) The morphological plasticity of roots is an important strategy used by A. sparsifolia seedlings to obtain water and adapt to dry soil conditions. When the groundwater table was shallow, horizontal roots quickly expanded and tillering increased in order to compete for light resources, whereas when the groundwater table was deeper, vertical roots developed quickly to exploit space in the deeper soil layers. (3) The decrease in groundwater depth was probably responsible for the root distribution in the shallow soil layers. Root biomass and surface area both decreased with soil depth. One strategy of A. sparsifolia seedlings in dealing with the increase in groundwater depth is to increase root biomass in the deep soil layers. The relationship between the root growth/distribution of A. sparsifolia and the depth of groundwater table can be used as guidance for harvesting A. sparsifolia biomass and managing water resources for forage grasses. It is also of ecological significance as it reveals how desert plants adapt to arid environments. | FanJiang ZENG Cong SONG HaiFeng GUO Bo LIU WeiCheng LUO DongWei GUI Stefan ARNDT DaLi GUO | 2013 | Journal of Arid Land2013，5，2： | 13 |
| 4 | 甘肃敦煌西湖荒漠-湿地生态系统土壤水分含量对植被特征的影响显示文摘【目的】土壤水分含量是内陆荒漠区湿地生态系统中重要的限制因子,对植被生态特征起着至关重要的作用,研究土壤水分含量和植被特征的关系,揭示土壤水分含量对植物多样性分布的影响规律,以期为该区域生态系统植物多样性保育、恢复和管理提供理论依据。【方法】基于甘肃敦煌西湖国家级自然保护区土壤水分含量、植被高度、植物种类和盖度等的调查,对植被特征与土壤特性等资料进行分析,开展该生态系统土壤水分含量对植物多样性分布格局影响的研究。【结果】研究区植物群落物种多样性指数均相对较小,Margalef物种丰富度指数(Ma)、Simpson多样性指数(D)和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H')的最大值分别为0.72,0.72和1.38;植被平均盖度、多度、高度和密度分别为39.26%-70.19%、15.50-180.11株·m-2、49.65-124.63 cm和0.039-7.204株·m-2;垂直方向上,各群落各样点土壤水分含量均随土层加深而增大,同一样点相邻土层土壤水分含量变化不大,变幅为3.87%-41.23%,浅层(0-60 cm)含水量、深层(60-200 cm)含水量与0-2 m土层贮水量平均值分别为4.67%-14.59%,6.45%-25.33%和65.6-248.2 mm;深层土壤水分含量对乔(灌)木物种多样性的影响显著高于对草本植物种的影响,对乔(灌)木物种丰富度和多度均有一定影响,但对多度影响远大于对物种丰富度的影响,且与物种的多度显著正相关,而草本物种多样性更多地依赖于浅层土壤水分含量,且正相关;各层土壤水分含量之间及各层土壤水分含量与0-2 m土层贮水量、植被盖度之间均正相关,0-80 cm内各土层水分含量与植被高度和植被密度之间均负相关,80-200 cm内各土层土壤水分含量与植被高度之间均正相关,0-2 m土层贮水量与植被盖度、植被高度和植被密度之间均显著正相关,植被盖度与植被高度和植被密度之间均极显著正相关(P〈0.01),而植被高度与植被密度之间负相关。【结论】研究区植物群落物种多样性指数均相对较小,土壤水分含量相对较低;乔(灌)木物种多样性依赖于深层土壤水分含量,而草本物种多样性更多地依赖于浅层土壤水分含量;深层土壤水分含量和0-2 m土层贮水量是影响研究区植被特征的主要因子;植被各种属性之间既相互制约、密切联系,又存在一定的独立性。 | 陈文业 赵明 张继强 袁海峰 窦英杰 朱丽 陈旭 | 2015 | 林业科学2015，51，11： | 12 |
| 5 | Vegetation fractional coverage change in a typical oasis region in Tarim River Watershed based on remote sensing显示文摘Vegetation fractional coverage(VFC) is an important index to describe and evaluate the ecological system.The vegetation index is widely used to monitor vegetation coverage in the field of remote sensing(RS).In this paper,the author conducted a case study of the delta oasis of Weigan and Kuqa rivers,which is a typical saline area in the Tarim River Watershed.The current study was based on the TM/ETM+ images of 1989,2001,and 2006,and supported by Geographic Information System(GIS) spatial analysis,vegetation index,and dimidiate pixel model.In addition,VBSI(vegetation,bare soil and shadow indices) suitable for TM/ETM+ images,constructed with FCD(forest canopy density) model principle and put forward by ITTO(International Tropical Timber Organization),was used,and it was applied to estimate the VFC.The estimation accuracy was later proven to be up to 83.52%.Further,the study analyzed and appraised the changes in vegetation patterns and revealed a pattern of spatial change in the vegetation coverage of the study area by producing the map of VFC levels in the delta oasis.Forest,grassland,and farmland were the three main land-use types with high and extremely-high coverage,and they played an important role in maintaining the vegetation.The forest area determined the changes of the coverage area,whereas the other two land types affected the directions of change.Therefore,planting trees,protecting grasslands,reclaiming farmlands,and controlling unused lands should be included in a long-term program because of their importance in keeping regional vegetation coverage.Finally,the dynamic variation of VFC in the study area was evaluated according to the quantity and spatial distribution rendered by plant cover digital images to deeply analyze the reason behind the variation. | Fei ZHANG Tashpolat TIYIP JianLi DING Mamat SAWUT Verner Carl JOHNSON NigaraTASHPOLAT DongWei GUI | 2013 | Journal of Arid Land2013，5，1： | 12 |
| 6 | 苏干湖湿地植被覆盖度时空变化格局显示文摘植被覆盖度是反映群落外貌特征和影响植被生态系统稳定性的重要因子,其时空异质性演化规律研究有助于认识湿地群落的结构功能及其环境响应机制。采用湿地群落学调查和遥感技术相结合的方法,分析了苏干湖内陆盐沼湿地近30年植被覆盖度的时空变化及其影响因素。结果表明:像元二分模型在内陆盐沼湿地植被覆盖度研究方面具有较高的模拟精度;苏干湖湿地的植被覆盖度在1987—2017年间总体呈上升趋势,年际增幅为0.162%/5a,与气温和降水呈正相关关系;在空间上植被覆盖度与地下水位埋深呈正相关,与土壤全盐量呈负相关,但不同等级植被覆盖度与地下水位埋深、土壤全盐量间的相关性各有差异。苏干湖湿地植被覆盖度受地下水位埋深、土壤全盐量空间异质性的影响,呈现出斑块状镶嵌分布。 | 康满萍 赵成章 白雪 杨俊仓 | 2020 | 生态学报2020，40，9： | 12 |
| 7 | Distribution of plant species and species-soil relationship in the east central Gurbantunggut Desert, China显示文摘在在东方的种类和土壤因素之间的植物种类和关系的分发 Gurbantunggut 沙漠的中央部分被学习提供更多的卓见进植物群并且越过沙漠的各种各样的部分在植被决定差别。双向簇分析证明在区域的植被能被划分成三个组,第一个组被灌木种类, Ephedra przewalskii 和草种类统治,主要在扁平的根据和轻轻的斜坡的区域的 Carex physodes;第二个组被 C 统治。physodes, Artemisia songorica 和 A。主要沙沙丘和第三个组的斜坡上的 xerophytica 被灌木种类统治,主要沙沙丘的顶上的 Haloxylon persicum。在植物密度在之间没有差别组织 1 和 2,但是在组 3 有重要减少。不到植被组 3 的土壤水比在其它,二个组根本玷污深度的低得多。EC,有机物,全部的 P 和可溶的 Na, Ca 和 Mg 与土壤水很同样变化了。正规通讯分析(CCA ) 令人满意地在区域估计了种类土壤关系。植物种类的分发强烈与水内容,有机物, EC 和营养素的土壤因素被相关。在三把 CCA 斧子解释的种类出现的变化是大约 70% ,显示一些解释地点变量可以在我们的学习参数外面存在。土壤质地被建议在未来研究被包括改进 CCA 的解释。 | AN Ping LI Xiangjun ZHENG Yuanrun ENEJI A. Egrinya QIMAN Yunus ZHENG Mingqing INANAGA Shinobu | 2015 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2015，25，1： | 11 |
| 8 | 疏勒河灌区2000-2014年植被生态适宜需水动态研究显示文摘以疏勒河灌区为研究对象,利用2000-2014年MOD13Q1遥感数据,采用植被生长旺季的增强型植被指数(EVI)建立植被生态分区标准,获得人工种植植被区、中覆盖率天然植被区、低覆盖率天然植被区、荒漠稀疏植被区和荒漠区的面积数据,采用阿维里扬诺夫潜水蒸发模型估算了各类生态分区的植被生态需水量,分析了各类植被生态适宜需水量的时空变化规律.结果表明,研究区总植被生态需水量年均增幅达2.64%,其中,人工种植地植被生态需水量年均增幅达3.65%,呈现稳定增长的趋势;天然植被生态需水量年均减少幅度为1.58%,呈现逐步减少的趋势.最后,根据疏勒河干流昌马堡水文站同时期的年均径流量数据,分析了影响植被生态适宜需水动态变化的因素,揭示了植被生态适宜需水量对径流量变化和灌区工程建设的响应关系,为灌区水资源配置提供了科学依据. | 叶红梅 陈少辉 盛丰 | 2016 | 冰川冻土2016，38，1： | 10 |
| 9 | 极端干旱区多枝柽柳幼苗对人工水分干扰的形态及生理响应显示文摘在塔里木河下游断流河道人工生态输水的大背景下,多枝柽柳(Tamarix ramosissima)作为当地优势物种,其更新恢复研究对下游荒漠河岸林的恢复尤为重要。通过研究多枝柽柳幼苗形态、水分和光合生理对不同灌溉处理的响应,分析不同人工水分干扰模式对柽柳幼苗生长发育的影响。实验设计了侧渗分层(LSI)和地表灌溉(AGI)两种给水方式,以及高灌(W1,50L/株)、中灌(W2,25 L/株)、低灌(W3,12.5 L/株)3个给水水平,并在整个生长季定期监测幼苗的形态参数变化、生物量、水势和光合速率。结果显示:(1)侧渗分层灌溉方式对幼苗基径、株高、冠幅以及前期生长速率都有促进作用;(2)在侧渗分层灌溉高灌下,幼苗地下及总生物量都显著高于地表灌溉(P<0.05),且地表灌溉下根冠比(R/S:Root shoot ratio)明显高于侧渗分层灌溉;(3)侧渗分层灌溉下,幼苗茎水势高于地表漫灌,且在中灌和低灌下达到显著水平(P<0.05),表明侧渗分层灌溉下幼苗的水分吸收效率更高;(4)在侧渗分层高灌及中灌下,实际光化学光量子产量值高于地表灌溉处理,并在高灌时差异极显著(P<0.01)。研究表明,侧渗分层灌溉方式对多枝柽柳幼苗早期生长及水分和光合生理都具有显著促进作用。 | 马晓东 王明慧 李卫红 邢旭明 张瑞群 | 2013 | 生态学报2013，33，19： | 9 |
| 10 | 塔里木河中游不同生境胡杨种群的结构特征分析显示文摘应用'相邻格子法'对塔里木河中游不同生境胡杨种群进行调查,研究不同生境胡杨种群径级结构和空间分布格局。结果表明:1)不同生境下胡杨径阶结构不同,河漫滩生境胡杨幼苗充足,为增长型种群;过渡地带各径阶分布合理,为稳定型种群;而沙地生境径阶≤16cm的胡杨种群未出现,为衰退型种群。2)河漫滩以及过渡地带生境胡杨种群在5种空间尺度下均处于集群分布;沙地生境总体为随机分布。3种生境下胡杨种群均在5m×5m的尺度有较强的聚集性。3)河漫滩、过渡带生境下各个发育阶段均为集群分布,沙地生境随着发育进程,空间分布由聚集分布向随机分布转化。 | 王夏楠 王亮 吕瑞恒 梁继业 周正立 | 2014 | 西北林学院学报2014，29，5： | 7 |
| 11 | Effects of groundwater level on vegetation in the arid area of western China显示文摘At present,investigation about the relationship between the change of groundwater level and vegetation mostly focuses on specific watersheds,i.e.limited in river catchment scale.Understanding the change of groundwater level on vegetation in the basin or large scale,be urgently needed.To fill this gap,two typical arid areas in the west of China(Tarim Basin and Qaidam Basin)were chosen the a typical research area.The vegetation status was evaluated via normalization difference vegetation index(NDVI)from 2000 to 2016,sourced from MODN1F dataset.The data used to reflect climate change were download from CMDSC(http://gffzz4229473beeb04795hko9k5xcq0wqp695o.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn).Groundwater level data was collected from monitor wells.Then,the relationship of vegetation and climate change was established with univariate linear regression and correlation analysis approach.Results show that:Generally,NDVI value in the study area decreased before 2004 then increased in the research period.Severe degradation was observed in the center of the basin.The area with an NDVI value>0.5 decreased from 12%to 6%between 2000 and 2004.From 2004 to 2014,the vegetation in the study area was gradually restored.The whole coverage of Qaidam Basin was low.And the NDVI around East Taigener salt-lake degraded significantly,from 0.596 to 0.005,2014 and 2016,respectively.The fluctuation of groundwater level is the main reason for the change of surface vegetation coverage during the vegetation degradation in the basin.However,the average annual precipitation in the study area is low,which is not enough to have a significant impact on vegetation growth.The annual average precipitation showed an increase trend during the vegetation restoration in the basin,which alleviates the water shortage of vegetation growth in the region.Meanwhile,the dependence of surface vegetation on groundwater is obviously weakened with the correlation index is−0.248.The research results are of some significance to eco-environment protection in the arid area of western China. | Ge Song Jin-ting Huang Bo-han Ning Jia-wei Wang Lei Zeng | 2021 | China Geology2021，4，3： | 6 |
| 12 | 和田河上游灰杨不同林型土壤理化性质及酶活性分析显示文摘以和田河上游灰杨不同林型0~100cm土壤为研究对象,探讨4种林型土壤理化性质、土壤酶活性空间变化规律。结果表明,4种林型土壤含水率、全盐量空间异质性较为明显。土壤容重随着土层加深表现出先增大后减小趋势,不同林型容重均值大小排序为Ⅱ〉Ⅰ〉Ⅲ〉Ⅳ。不同林型土壤含水率均值变化则与容重相反,林型Ⅱ各土层含水率均为最低。4种林型土壤pH值介于8.15~9.17之间,林型Ⅱ各土层全盐含量均为最低,林型Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ土壤全盐量表现出表层聚集现象。在4种林型中,有机质含量随着土层加深变化均表现出先增大后减小的趋势,在60~80cm土壤层有机质含量均最高。在不同土层中,过氧化氢酶、脲酶均以林型Ⅲ活性最强,蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶则以林型Ⅳ活性最强,过氧化氢酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶在土层60~80cm活性最高。经相关分析和主成分分析表明,容重、含水率与其他测定指标相关性较强,水分指标在第1主成分中所占比重较大,对外界环境变化比较敏感。土壤结构、水分条件是影响和田河上游不同灰杨林型土壤特征的主要因子。 | 吕瑞恒 梁继业 于军 王夏楠 王亮 周正立 | 2015 | 西北林学院学报2015，30，2： | 5 |
| 13 | 基于TM数据的土壤湿度指数预测半干旱地区浅层地下水的研究——以朝阳地区为例显示文摘为更方便、有效的勘察干旱半干旱地区的浅层地下水信息,以辽宁省朝阳市区域为研究区,以2004~2010年TM多光谱数据为基础,利用修正归一化水体差异指数提取了多年的地表土壤湿度信息。通过对土壤湿度信息分级并对植被、岩石以及地表水体进行掩模处理,得到了土壤湿度信息的分级图。同时,为了比较土壤湿度较大地区地下水的赋存信息,进行了实地考察并对比水文地质资料,认为基本与遥感所得结论一致,证明了该方法在半干旱地区的可行性与有效性。 | 郑璞 邓正栋 王大庆 许春华 邓非凡 | 2015 | 水文2015，35，5： | 5 |
| 14 | 灌溉方式对荒漠绿洲过渡带地下水与土壤理化性质的影响显示文摘通过在滴灌和漫灌地建立永久观测井,测定地下水位、水质和土壤理化性质,研究灌溉方式改变对绿洲过渡带地下水和土壤的影响。结果表明:滴灌和漫灌方式地下水位距农田由近及远逐渐降低,滴灌下4月地下水位最浅,11月份最深;漫灌下4-6月较深,9-11月较浅,滴灌对过渡带地下水位影响显著(p<0.05)。滴灌地下水矿化度、pH值、阴阳离子含量均随距农田由近及远逐渐降低,近农田A1样地地下水阴离子(Cl^-、SO4^2-)与阳离子(K^+/Na^+)含量最高;漫灌地下水矿化度与阴、阳离子含量距农田由近及远均呈“V”字形变化,地下水水质指标均明显优于滴灌方式。滴灌下过渡带土壤含盐量、有机质含量距农田越近含量越高;漫灌则相反,呈逐渐增加趋势。滴灌下土壤全氮、速效钾与八大离子成正相关性,全磷与八大离子呈负相关性;漫灌下全磷与八大离子成正相关性,速效钾、碱解氮、速效磷与八大离子呈负相关。滴灌下土壤含水量、含盐量与离农田距离均呈负相关(p<0.05),而漫灌下它们的相关性较低(p>0.05)。本研究认为,滴灌方式下土壤盐分表聚、土壤养分降低,地下水位降低的趋势大于漫灌方式。 | 席琳乔 马丽亚 王栋 张玲 韩路 马春晖 | 2020 | 塔里木大学学报2020，32，1： | 4 |
| 15 | 土壤湿度指数预测沈阳市浅层地下水显示文摘文章利用2010—2016年TM多光谱数据,对沈阳市多年地表土壤湿度信息采用修正的归一水土差异指数法进行提取。并采用掩摸法对地表水、岩石以及植被等信息进行处理,得到土壤湿度信息分级状况,用实地考察的方式对水文信息及土壤湿度实际状况进行对比分析。研究结论与遥感技术相关研究成果具有良好的一致性,在干旱半干旱区域本研究方法具有较强的实用性与可靠性。 | 吴迪 | 2018 | 水利规划与设计2018，，12： | 3 |
| 16 | 克里雅河流域于田绿洲土壤养分与水盐因子相关关系研究显示文摘选择克里雅河流域于田绿洲为研究区,以绿洲土、盐渍土、棕漠土及风沙土等4种类型土壤为对象,分析了土壤表层养分、水盐因子的特征,结合通径分析方法研究了养分与水盐的相关关系.结果表明:不同土壤类型土壤养分与水盐因子差异性显著.通径分析显示,土壤水分对有机质含量和全氮的直接作用显著,地下水埋深通过土壤水对有机质和全氮的间接通径系数较大;水盐因子可能不是影响有效磷的主要因素;虽然水分因子对速效钾的直接通径系数较大,但其综合影响较校盐分因子对速效钾的影响较大. | 韩丽 贡璐 朱美玲 | 2013 | 新疆大学学报(自然科学版)2013，30，3： | 3 |
| 17 | 塔里木河中游典型样地土壤主要理化性质比较研究显示文摘在塔里木河中游地区,以典型植被类型选取样地,分层取得0-100cm土壤样品并以此为研究对象,比较不同样地之间主要理化性质差异及变异性。结果表明:10个典型样地土壤的全氮、全磷含量偏低,全钾含量较高;各样地土壤容重显示出土壤比较紧实,结构性差,孔隙少,且各层之间有一定的差异性。各样境土壤的全氮、全磷、全钾变异系数呈现出的随着土层深入逐渐减小的样态。从该地区典型样地土壤主要理化指标的相关性来看,土壤含水率和土壤主要化学因子之间呈现明显的相关性,土壤容重也与大部分指标呈显著的负相关性,说明塔里木河中游地区,土壤的水分和紧实度存在地区差异和分层差异,对该地区其它理化指标都有一定的影响。 | 王亮 王夏楠 周正立 吕瑞恒 王玉丽 梁继业 | 2014 | 北方园艺2014，，23： | 2 |
| 18 | Impact of agricultural development on variation in surface runoff in arid regions:a case of the Aksu River Basin显示文摘Located in the south of Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region,the Tarim River is the longest inland river in China.Agricultural development,excessive exploitation and low surface water use efficiency in the headstream regions have led to a marked decrease in the water supply to the mainstream.This,in turn,has resulted in the drying-up of the watercourse in the lower reaches of the Tarim River and serious deterioration of the eco-environment.The Aksu River Basin,the most important headstream of the Tarim River,was selected as the research area in this study.Taking elastic coefficient,water demand coefficient and water utilization intensity as the indices,we studied the impact of agricultural development on decreasing surface runoff since the 1950s.The results indicated that(1) the increasing rate of consumption of surface runoff outstripped the rate of increase measured in the natural catchment discharge,resulting in ever diminishing stream discharge into the Tarim River.Agricultural irrigation and seepage loss in irrigation canal systems were the major sources for runoff consumption,taking 63.72% of the overall runoff consumption.What's more,agricultural water consumption took up more than 97% of the water used for long-term production;(2) the expansion of cultivated land,change of planting structure and comparatively low agricultural irrigation efficiency all contributed to the decrease in surface runoff of the Aksu River.The elasticity coefficient of surface runoff reduction corresponding to the increase in planted area was 0.34 in the 1950s,while in the 2000s it had increased to 7.87.This reflected a more sensitive response of runoff decrease to cultivated land expansion.The increase in cotton and fruit production,without widely-used scientific irrigation methods and water-saving technology,led to considerable waste of the water resources.Meanwhile,the irrigation efficiency was still quite low,characterized by the waste of water resources,and the decrease of surface runoff;(3) in different stages,cultivated land area,planting structure and agricultural water use efficiency exerted different effects on runoff decrease.In the early stage,agricultural development showed no obvious effect on runoff decrease.Since the 1960s,the expansion in cultivated land resulted in large consumption of surface runoff;since the 1990s,not only expansion in cultivated land expansion,but also planting structure exerted significant impact on the consumption of surface runoff.Recently,though agricultural water use efficiency has improved in some regions to reduce the consumption of runoff to a certain extent,overall agricultural water use efficiency is still quite low;(4) during the investigation period,water consumption by agricultural development reflected the unbalanced relationship between human activities and water resources. | XinHuan ZHANG DeGang YANG XinYi XIANG Xiang HUANG | 2012 | Journal of Arid Land2012，4，4： | 2 |
| 19 | 塔里木河中游不同生境土壤理化性质分析显示文摘以塔里木河中游荒漠河岸植被为研究对象,运用野外取样调查和实验室检测的分析方法,研究不同生境土壤理化性质特征及其相关性;探讨生境退化过程中土壤理化性质的主要因子分析。结果表明:1)距离河岸越远,容重均值减小,土壤含水量降低。生境Ⅱ土壤物理性质明显改善,持水性能显著提高。生境Ⅲ持水蓄水能力明显降低。2)不同生境土壤PH值总体呈碱性,全盐量变现为'表聚性'。生境Ⅱ全盐总量、有机质明显高于其他生境。随着地下水位降低,全磷、全钾含量升高。3)相关性分析可知,含水量与其他指标的关系较为密切。容重与全磷的相关性最大。pH值与碱解氮、速效钾也存在明显的正负相关关系(P<0.05)。4)主成分分析表明土壤结构与全钾因子、土壤速效养分供应因子累计贡献率高达100.00。因此,选取这几个因子作为该区域评价生境退化特征主成分分析的依据,可为塔里木河中游乃至中国西北绿洲生态保护和荒漠化生态系统恢复重建提供理论依据。 | 王夏楠 周正立 王亮 梁继业 吕瑞恒 | 2015 | 林业资源管理2015，，1： | 2 |
| 20 | 新疆叶尔羌河下游胡杨林中植物资源初步调查显示文摘通过对新疆叶尔羌河下游胡杨(Populus euphratica)林中植物种类及其多度进行初步调查和分析,结果表明,叶尔羌河下游胡杨林内植物共12科27属37种,双子叶植物为优势类群,由于受叶尔羌流域气候干旱、土壤盐渍化以及自然条件恶劣的影响,该区植物物种较贫乏、种类单一及生物多样性低。该区植物区系成分有10个类型、2个亚类,地中海成分占优势,温带成分也占有一定的地位,这些成分的植物都是干旱区荒漠植物的代表。为了适应恶劣的生态环境,该区物种大多具有抗旱耐盐的结构和特点。 | 马丽亚 席琳乔 韩路 马春晖 | 2013 | 草业科学2013，30，11： | 2 |
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