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| 1 | 三十年来长江中下游湖泊富营养化状况变迁及其影响因素显示文摘为弄清长江中下游通江/历史通江湖泊富营养化现状、成因及修复策略,对该区域27个大型湖泊和水库开展了4个季度的水质调查,并结合部分湖泊1988-1992年及2008年两个时段富营养化调查成果,分析近30年来长江中下游地区大型湖泊富营养化关键指标变化的特征及其驱动因素.结果表明,目前该区域绝大多数湖泊处于富营养水平,较1980s有明显加重,浮游植物叶绿素a及总磷是最主要的营养状态指数贡献因子;湖泊的富营养化状况与湖泊的江湖连通状况、换水周期等流动性状况、渔业养殖及管理、流域纳污、治理强度等人类活动方式和强度密切相关;与历史调查结果相比,氮、磷的增幅相对较小,而有机质污染程度明显加重、浮游植物叶绿素a浓度大幅增高,表明营养盐之外的其他因素,如水文节律的变化、江湖阻隔、不合理的渔业养殖活动等,对该区域湖泊的富营养化问题加剧、浮游植物生产力增高起到更为重要的作用.因此,从治理途径和策略上来看,增加湖泊的流通性、恢复部分湖泊的自然水文波动节律、优化湖泊渔业管理、提升湖泊流域营养盐的有效截留能力、实施湖泊生态修复工程是控制长江中下游湖泊富营养化、提升区域湖泊生态质量的关键. | 朱广伟 许海 朱梦圆 邹伟 国超旋 季鹏飞 笪文怡 周永强 张运林 秦伯强 | 2019 | 湖泊科学2019，31，6： | 103 |
| 2 | 青藏高原的自然环境特征显示文摘本文基于1950年代至今青藏高原综合考察和研究成果,系统总结了青藏高原自然环境的主要特征。青藏高原是中国三大自然阶梯中最高一级,平均海拔超过4000 m,被称为'世界屋脊'。青藏高原土地辽阔,总面积约为250万km^2,占中国陆地总面积的1/4。自新近纪以来强烈的隆升,使青藏高原自然环境明显区别于其他地区,形成了自己鲜明的特征,主要表现为海拔高、温度低、辐射强、河湖众多、冰川冻土广布、生物多样性丰富。青藏高原面积广大,高原内部的自然环境差异显著,并具有明显的区域分异特征,根据拟订的原则、方法和指标,青藏高原可划分为10个各具特色的自然区,包括:果洛那曲高原山地高寒灌丛草甸区、青南高原宽谷高寒草甸草原区、羌塘高原湖盆高寒草原区、昆仑高山高原高寒荒漠区、川西藏东高山峡谷针叶林区、青东祁连高山盆地针叶林草原区、藏南高山谷地灌丛草原区、柴达木盆地荒漠区、昆仑山北翼山地荒漠区、阿里山地荒漠区。 | 郑度 赵东升 | 2017 | 科技导报2017，35，6： | 65 |
| 3 | 近50a气候变化背景下青藏高原冰川和湖泊变化显示文摘论文综述了近年来青藏高原冰川和湖泊变化研究取得的成果,并特别着重于冰川和湖泊变化的相互关系论述。在全球变暖背景下,近几十年青藏高原冰川以退缩为主,湖泊水量以增加为主。论文一方面对青藏高原冰川末端退缩、冰川面积和冰川储量变化方面的研究成果进行了综合分析,探讨了冰川变化的时空特征;另一方面从湖泊面积和水位与水量变化探讨了湖泊变化的时空规律。结果表明青藏高原冰川退缩的幅度总体上呈从青藏高原外缘向内陆呈减小的变化态势,受冰川融水补给比较大的湖泊近期面积扩张、水位上升明显。最后指出了青藏高原冰川、湖泊变化研究中存在的问题及今后的发展趋势。 | 李治国 | 2012 | 自然资源学报2012，27，8： | 41 |
| 4 | 近40年可可西里地区湖泊时空变化特征显示文摘以可可西里地区1970s地形图和1990s、2000-2011年Landsat TM/ETM+遥感影像为基础,通过数字化和影像解译获取研究区83个面积大于10 km2湖泊变化数据,并对湖泊变化成因进行了分析。研究结果表明:1)1970s初期至2011年,可可西里地区湖泊经历了'先萎缩后扩张'的变化过程,其中1970s-1990s期间湖泊面积普遍减小,1990s-2000年湖泊出现扩张,并在2000年恢复到1970s湖泊规模,2000年之后湖泊面积急剧增大。2)2000-2011年间,可可西里地区不同规模等级湖泊整体呈扩张趋势,但表现出一定的区域差异性。面积呈增加趋势的湖泊数量最多,亦分布最广,一些湖泊由于扩张迅速出现湖泊合并或湖水外泄情况;面积呈减少趋势或波动起伏的湖泊数量较少,零散分布在研究区中部和南部,湖泊动态变化与其自身补给条件或与下游湖泊(河道)存在水力联系有关。3)在研究时段内,降水增多、蒸发减少是可可西里地区湖泊扩大的主要原因,而气候变暖引起的冰川融水增加、冻土水分释放是次要原因。 | 姚晓军 刘时银 李龙 孙美平 罗晶 冯娅娅 | 2013 | 地理学报2013，68，7： | 42 |
| 5 | 青藏高原湖泊变化遥感监测及其对气候变化的响应研究进展显示文摘青藏高原位于中国西南部、亚洲中部,平均海拔高程大于4000 m,面积约300万km2,是'世界屋脊',与周边地区一起常被称为地球的'第三极'。青藏高原分布着约1200个面积大于1 km2的湖泊,占中国湖泊数量与面积的一半;同时也是黄河、长江、恒河、印度河等大河的源头,被称为'亚洲水塔'。近几十年来,在全球变暖的背景下,青藏高原升温更加突出,其能量与水循环发生了显著变化,气候趋于暖湿化,冰川加速消融,湖面水位上升。湖泊是气候变化的重要指标,青藏高原湖泊分布密集、人为活动影响较小,多源遥感数据的广泛应用,为监测高原湖泊变化提供了难得的契机。本文依托国家自然科学基金青年项目'基于多源遥感的青藏高原内流区湖泊水量变化及水体相态转换研究(2000-2009年)',主要研究进展为:初步查明了西藏高原的湖泊数量、面积及水位变化与时空格局,以及湖泊水量变化与水量平衡;探讨了湖泊变化对气候变化的响应。目前对青藏高原湖泊的变化及驱动因素虽有一些认识,但其定量的水量平衡及驱动机制还有待于进一步研究。这对了解世界第三极、一带一路国家和地区水资源状况与变化、生态文明和生态安全屏障建设具有重要的意义,同时也可为第三极国家公园的建立提供重要的科学基础。 | 张国庆 | 2018 | 地理科学进展2018，37，2： | 48 |
| 6 | Lakes' state and abundance across the Tibetan Plateau显示文摘Understanding the changes in number and areal extent of lakes,as well as their abundance and size distribution is important for assessments of regional and global water resources,biogeochemical cycles,and changes in climate.In this study,changes in lake area greater than 1 km2are mapped using Landsat datasets,spanning the 1970s,1990,2000,and 2010.In addition,high-resolution images(GeoCover Landsat mosaic 2000,with a pixel size of 14.25 m)are used for the first time to map lakes as small as 0.001 km2across the entire Tibetan Plateau(TP).Results show that the numbers and areal extent of individual lakes[1 km2in size show a slight decrease between the 1970s and 1990,followed by a clear increase from 1990 to 2010.Ninety-nine new lakes are identified between the 1970s and 2010,71 of which are found between 1990 and 2010.This indicates the accelerated glacier melt and/or increased difference of precipitation minus evaporation since the 1990s.More than 80%of the lakes show an increase in their area between the 1970s and2010.The lake census,using 2000 imagery,shows that there are 32,843 lakes with a total area of 43,151.08±411.49 km2,which makes up 1.4%of the total area of the TP.Around 96%of all lakes are small,with an area\1 km2,while the 1,204 large lakes([1 km2)account for96%of the total lake area.The TP is subdivided into 12greater drainage basins,and of these the inner TP dominates in terms of the number of lakes(55.03%),the total area of lakes(66%),and lake density(0.026/km2compared to the mean,0.011/km2).A plot of lake abundance against size shows that the size distribution of lakes departs from a typical power-law distribution,but displays such a distribution at the mean elevation(4,715 m),with an r2value of 0.97 and a slope of-0.66.The slopes of the abundance-size equations from each of the 12 greater basins,and from all basins together,are larger than-1,supporting the inference that larger lakes,rather than the small lakes,contribute more to the total lake surface area across the TP.The lake inventory provided in this study,along with the assessment of lake size distribution,have important implications for estimates of water balance,for water resource management,and for lake area estimations in the TP. | Guoqing Zhang Tong Yao Hongjie Xie Kexiang Zhang Fujing Zhu | 2014 | Chinese Science Bulletin2014，59，24： | 33 |
| 7 | A robust but variable lake expansion on the Tibetan Plateau显示文摘Lakes on the Tibetan Plateau(TP)are an indicator and sentinel of climatic changes[1].We extended lake area changes on the TP from 2010[2]to 2018,and provided a long and dense lake observations between the 1970s and 2018.We found that the number of lakes,with area larger than 1 km2,has in creased to?1,400 in 2018 from?1,000 in the 1970s.The total area of these lakes decreased between the 1970s and?1995,and then showed a robust increase,with the exception of a slight decrease in 2015.This expansion of the lakes on the highest plateau in rhe world is a response to a hydrological cycle intensified by recent climate changes[3]. | Guoqing Zhang Wei Luo Wenfeng Chen Guoxiong Zheng | 2019 | Science Bulletin2019，64，18： | 30 |
| 8 | Water balance estimates of ten greatest lakes in China using ICESat and Landsat data显示文摘湖水平和区域变化对地区性的气候变化敏感并且能被用来间接地估计湖的水平衡。在这研究,在中国的 10 个最大的湖, 1000 km2 或更大,被检验在从在 2003 和 2009 之间记录的 ICESat 和 Landsat 数据分别地导出的湖水平和区域决定变化。湖水平和在西藏的高原( TP )和在东北中国的克辛凯·莱克的 Selin 公司, Nam 公司,和金海·莱克的区域的时间系列展出一个增加的趋势与在湖水平( 0.69 m/a )显示出最快的上升的 Selin 公司,区域( 32.59 km2/a ),和在 10 之中的体积( 1.25 km3/a )检验了湖。在北中国的干旱、半干旱的区域的 Bosten 和 Hulun 湖在湖水平和区域显示出衰落,与显示出在湖水平(0.43 m/a ) 和显示出最大的区域收缩(35.56 km2/a ) 的胡伦·莱克的最大的减少的博斯顿·莱克一起。然而,没有任何明显的趋势,在长江盆的中间降低活动范围的 Dongting, Poyang, Taihu,和 Hongze 湖介绍季节的可变性。湖水平和区域为 Selin 公司, Nam 公司, Qinghai, Poyang, Hulun,和 Bosten 湖显示出强壮的关联(R 2 > 0.80 ) 并且为 Taihu, Hongze,和 Xingkai 湖和为东方东廷·莱克(0.37 ) 的弱关联(0.70 ) 。湖水平变化和水体积变化在为所有湖的很好的同意(R 2 > 0.98 ) 。10 个湖的水平衡根据湖水平和区域变化被导出,与分别地显示出 9.08, 4.07, 2.88,和 1.09 km3 的积极的水预算的 Selin 公司, Nam 公司, Qinghai,和 Xingkai 湖。分别地, Bosten 和 Hulun 湖显示出 3.01 和 4.73 km3 的否定预算,沿着长江的四个湖不显示出明显的变化。对在这四个湖的湖水平和区域变化的可能的解释也被讨论。这研究建议遥感能为估计湖水平衡作为一个快、有效的工具服务的那颗卫星。 | ZHANG GuoQing XIE HongJie YAO TanDong KANG ShiChang | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，31： | 25 |
| 9 | 基于长期水文变化的苏北高邮湖生态水位及保障程度显示文摘湖泊生态水位是维持湖泊生态系统结构和功能完整性、维持生物多样性的最低水位,研究湖泊生态水位过程对湖区动、植物栖息地保护和湖泊水资源管理具有重要意义.利用高邮湖1953-2013年日水位资料进行生态水位计算分析,采用M-K法和滑动T法对1953-2013年年均水位进行突变检验,分析高邮湖1953-1992年来水文变化规律,结合年保证率法和年内展布法得到高邮湖逐月最低生态水位过程,并计算出高、低水位发生时间及历时,在此基础上对其1993-2013年生态水位保障程度进行研究.主要结论有:(1)高邮湖年均水位过程突变发生在1997年;(2)高邮湖高水位时期(7-10月)的最低生态水位为5.8 m,水位高于5.9 m的天数要达到111 d左右;低水位时期(12-次年3月)的最低生态水位为5.1 m,水位低于5.3 m的天数要达到96 d左右;其余月份最低生态水位为5.2 m;(3)高邮湖生态水位年内保障程度最低发生在7月,为60.83%,年际保障程度1994年和2001年最低,分别为49.59%和50.41%,低水位天数得不到保障. | 陈玥 管仪庆 苗建中 张丹蓉 | 2017 | 湖泊科学2017，29，2： | 26 |
| 10 | Monitoring lake changes of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau over the past 30 years using satellite remote sensing data显示文摘During the years 2006–2009,lakes in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(QTP)were investigated using satellite remote sensing strategies.We report the results of this investigation as well as follow-up research and expanded work.For the investigation,we mainly focused on lakes whose areas are more than 1 km2.The remote sensing data that we used included 408 scenes of CBERS CCD images and 5 scenes of Landsat ETM?images in Qinghai Province and Tibet Autonomous Region.All these data were acquired around years 2005–2006.Besides remote sensing images,we also collected 1,259 topographic maps.Numbers and areas of lakes were analyzed statistically,which were then compared with those coming from the first lake investigation(implemented between the1960s and 1980s).According to our investigation,up to and around year 2005–2006,the total number of lakes in the QTP was 1,055(222 in Qinghai and 833 in Tibet),accounting for more than 30%of that of China.Thirty newborn lakes with area[1 km2were found,and 5 dead lakes with initial area[1 km2were also found.Among those 13 big lakes([500 km2),Yamzhog Yumco had seriously shrunk,and it has continued to shrink in recent years;Qinghai Lake had shrunk during the period,but some new researches indicated that it has been expanding since the year 2004;Siling Co,Nam Co,and Chibuzhang Co had expanded in the period.We divided the newborn lakes into six categories according to their forming reasons,including river expansion,wetland conversion,etc.The changes of natural conditions led to the death of four lakes,and human exploitation was the main reason for the death of Dalianhai Lake in Qinghai.We picked out three regions which were sensitive to the change of climate and ecological environment:Nagqu Region,Kekexili Region,and the source area of the Yellow River(SAYR).Lakes in both Nagqu and Kekexili have been expanded;meanwhile,most lakes in the SAYR have obviously been shrunk.These regional patterns of lake changes were highly related to variations of temperature,glacier,precipitation,and evaporation.Our investigation and analysis will provide references for researches related to lake changes in the QTP and the response to climate fluctuations. | Wei Wan Pengfeng Xiao Xuezhi Feng Hui Li Ronghua Ma Hongtao Duan Limin Zhao | 2014 | Chinese Science Bulletin2014，59，10： | 22 |
| 11 | 冰湖的界定与分类体系——面向冰湖编目和冰湖灾害研究显示文摘冰川湖泊(简称冰湖)不仅是高山区重要的水资源,而且是许多冰川灾害的孕育者和发源地,在冰冻圈科学、气候变化和山地灾害研究中具有重要地位。本文系统讨论了现有冰湖定义及存在的问题,从冰湖编目和冰湖灾害研究视角提出冰湖的定义,指出现有冰湖研究主要是基于'以现代冰川融水为主要补给源或在冰碛垄洼地内积水形成的天然水体'这一冰湖定义的。同时,从冰湖形成机理、地貌形态和空间分布位置将冰湖划分为冰川侵蚀湖(冰斗湖、冰川槽谷湖和其他冰川侵蚀湖)、冰碛阻塞湖(终碛阻塞湖、侧碛阻塞湖、冰碛垄热融湖)、冰川阻塞湖(冰川前进阻塞湖和其他冰川阻塞湖)、冰面湖、冰下(内)湖和其他冰川湖6大类及8个亚类,并给出各冰湖类型相应的遥感判识指标和定量指标,以期建立具有普适性和可操作性的冰湖分类体系。 | 姚晓军 刘时银 韩磊 孙美平 | 2017 | 地理学报2017，72，7： | 22 |
| 12 | 基于Google Earth Engine平台的1984—2018年太湖水域变化特征显示文摘湖泊是重要的淡水资源,准确了解湖泊水体动态变化有利于水资源可持续利用和社会经济发展。本研究基于Google Earth Engine(GEE)平台,以Joint Research Centre(JRC)全球地表水数据集和Landsat遥感影像为数据源,分析了1984—2018年大型湖泊——太湖水体的动态变化,并利用改进的归一化差异水体指数(MNDWI)研究了太湖面积变化趋势。结果表明:1984—2018年,太湖湖泊面积呈增加趋势,共增加45.31 km^2,湖泊面积呈夏季低、春冬季高的特点,东太湖是太湖面积发生变化的主要区域。与1984年相比,2018年太湖88.9%的水体未发生任何变化,0.3%的水体永久性消失。湖泊面积变化受自然和人为因素的共同影响,农业灌溉、渔业养殖、围湖垦殖、水利工程设施和土地利用类型转移等导致湖泊面积减少;年降水量增加和环境保护政策的实施是湖泊面积增加的主要原因。本研究结果可为实施水资源可持续管理提供参考,亦验证了基于GEE平台开展水体长期变化监测的可行性。 | 刘垚燚 田恬 曾鹏 张新雨 车越 | 2020 | 应用生态学报2020，31，9： | 21 |
| 13 | 云贵高原富营养化湖泊杞麓湖浮游生物群落的季节性演替及其驱动因子分析显示文摘杞麓湖是云贵高原典型的重富营养化湖泊,水生态系统已严重退化.为揭示杞麓湖浮游生物群落季节性演替规律,阐明浮游生物群落季节性演替的驱动因子,于2017—2018年对杞麓湖浮游生物及水质理化参数进行季节采样调查和浮游生物群落结构特征分析,并运用CCA(典范对应分析)方法分析浮游植物群落组成与环境因子的关系.结果表明:①杞麓湖夏季营养状态最高,达重度富营养水平,春秋冬三季均为中度富营养.水体SD(透明度)春季最高,夏季最低;ρ(Chla)、ρ(COD Mn)均为夏季最高,冬季最低;ρ(TN)冬季最高,秋季最低;ρ(TP)春夏最高,冬季最低.②杞麓湖浮游植物共6门163种(其中包括8个变种).浮游植物密度春季最低(0.66×10^8 L^-1)而秋季最高(16.08×10^8 L^-1),主要为蓝藻门、绿藻门和硅藻门.其中,春季优势种为微细转板藻(Mougeotia parvula);夏季优势种为孟氏浮丝藻(Planktothrix mougeotii);秋冬季的优势种均为阿氏浮丝藻(Planktothrix agardhii).③杞麓湖浮游动物32种,浮游动物密度冬季最低(13.2 ind.L)而夏季最高(3696.0 ind.L).其中,春季优势种为曲腿龟甲轮虫(Keratella valga),夏季优势种为前节晶囊轮虫(Asplanchna priodonta),秋季优势种为螺形龟甲轮虫(Keratella cochlearis),而冬季优势种为桡足类幼体.研究显示,杞麓湖浮游动植物群落季节性演替明显,ρ(DTP)(DTP为溶解态磷)、ρ(TP)、ρ(NH 3-N)、ρ(COD Mn)和WT(水温)是影响杞麓湖浮游植物群落季节性演替的主要驱动因子. | 杨鸿雁 杨劭 刘毅 刘晓峰 | 2020 | 环境科学研究2020，33，4： | 20 |
| 14 | Establishing eutrophication assessment standards for four lake regions, China显示文摘The trophic status assessment of lakes in diferent lake regions may provide important and fundamental information for lake trophic state classification and eutrophication control. In this study, a region-specific lake eutrophication assessment standard was established through a frequency distribution method based on chlorophyll-a concentration. The assessment standards under the oligotrophic state for lakes in the Eastern plain, Yungui Plateau, Northeast Plain and Mountain Mongolia-Xinjiang regions are total phosphorus of 0.068,0.005, 0.011, 0.005 mg/L; total nitrogen of 1.00, 0.16, 0.37, 0.60 mg/L; Secchi depth of 0.60, 8.00, 1.55, 3.00 m; and CODMn of2.24, 1.00, 5.11, 4.00 mg/L, respectively. Moreover, a region-specific comprehensive trophic level index was developed to provide an understandable assessment method for the public. The results indicated that the frequency distribution analysis based on chlorophyll-a combined with trophic level index provided a useful metric for the assessment of the lake trophic status. In addition, the diference of eutrophication assessment standards in diferent lake regions was analyzed, which suggested that the sensitivities of algae to nutrients and the assessment standard of trophic status possessed significant regional diferences for the four lake ecoregions. Lake eutrophication assessment standards would contribute to maximizing the efectiveness of future management strategies, to control and minimize lake eutrophication problems. | Shouliang Huo Chunzi Ma Beidou Xi Jing Su Fengyu Zan Danfeng Ji Zhuoshi He | 2013 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2013，25，10： | 18 |
| 15 | 基于MODIS的青藏高原湖泊透明度遥感反演显示文摘湖泊透明度是湖泊水体性质的一个重要参数,是湖泊浮游生物和进入湖泊的有机和无机颗粒溶解程度的综合反映,对湖泊生态环境研究具有重要的科学及实践意义。遥感影像是获取面积广、时间长的湖泊透明度的重要手段,但由于实测数据缺乏,目前对青藏高原地区湖泊透明度的遥感反演研究相对不足。本文基于青藏高原地区24个湖泊实测透明度SD(Secchi Depth)值和相应的MODIS遥感影像,建立了该地区湖泊水体透明度SD值MODIS遥感反演模型。结果表明:基于MODIS绿色波段B4的单波段幂函数模型在该地区反演效果最好,精度较高(R2=0.91,N=24),并具有较好的稳定性。以当惹雍错为例,选用该模型反演得到湖泊透明度的时间变化序列,发现该湖存在明显的季节波动和较为明显的年际变化。初步分析得出,降水/融水季节的湖泊透明度与湖泊所在流域的降水率具有密切的关系。本文结果表明,利用遥感手段能够有效地开展青藏高原地区湖泊透明度的反演,可为进一步深入研究该地区湖泊透明度及其影响要素奠定基础。 | 刘翀 朱立平 王君波 乔宝晋 鞠建廷 黄磊 | 2017 | 地理科学进展2017，36，5： | 18 |
| 16 | 湖泊水情遥感研究进展显示文摘湖泊作为最直接的淡水资源之一,在人类的生产、生活各方面都占据至关重要的地位.受到全球气候变化与人类活动的影响,湖泊正在发生急剧变化,因而有必要对其进行快速、准确的时空变化监测,从而为水资源管理与保护、未来气候变化预警提供依据.遥感技术的产生与发展为大范围、实时动态的湖泊变化监测提供了难得的契机,它克服了人类对湖泊实地考察的局限性.本文对现有国内外湖泊水情遥感监测技术与方法进行了综合梳理,主要综述了国内外在湖泊水域范围提取、湖泊水位提取、湖泊水量估算、流域水文过程等方面的遥感研究进展情况,重点总结了该领域近年来提出的新方法和新技术.最后,结合当前遥感技术的发展,对未来遥感在湖泊动态变化监测中的应用潜力和趋势进行了简要论述,并对多源遥感数据融合与云计算平台的结合在地表水体连续变化监测中的应用进行了展望. | 宋春桥 詹鹏飞 马荣华 | 2020 | 湖泊科学2020，32，5： | 18 |
| 17 | 近45a内蒙古浑善达克沙地湖泊群的变化显示文摘浑善达克沙地处于季风边缘区,其气候特性和人类活动决定了该地区生态系统的脆弱和环境变化的敏感性.目前,该区湖泊生态环境问题十分严重,对研究区的水资源、草原景观以及当地居民生产生活造成了严重影响.选取1969年1∶50000地形图所指示的面积≥0.01 km^2的175个湖泊为研究对象,结合1973-2013年的17期Landsat MSS/TM/ETM/OLI卫星遥感影像数据,对1969-2013年间的湖泊群变化进行了系统的研究和初步探讨.结果表明:1969年湖泊群总面积为502.04 km^2,而2013年其面积为303.42 km^2,总体呈萎缩趋势.其中面积萎缩和干涸的湖泊分别为88和85个,而面积扩张的湖泊仅有2个(人工筑坝所致).近45 a间,1970s-1980s湖泊面积波动性减少,而在1990s初期则出现持续上升状态.在1995-2011年湖泊面积总体下降,到2013年则出现微弱的扩张现象.从湖泊变化空间分布格局来看,萎缩和干涸的湖泊集中在该沙地腹地. | 白雪梅 春喜 斯琴毕力格 宋洁 | 2016 | 湖泊科学2016，28，5： | 16 |
| 18 | 2000-2016年青海湖湖冰物候特征变化显示文摘湖冰物候特征是气候变化的灵敏指示器。基于2000-2016年青海湖边界矢量数据,结合Terra MODIS和Landsat TM/ETM+遥感影像及气象数据,利用RS和GIS技术综合分析青海湖湖冰物候特征变化及其对气候变化的响应。结果表明:(1)青海湖开始冻结、完全冻结、开始消融和完全消融的时间分别为12月中旬、1月上旬、3月中下旬和3月下旬至4月上旬,平均封冻期和平均完全封冻期为88 d和77 d,平均湖冰存在期和平均消融期为108 d和10 d。(2)近16年间青海湖湖冰物候特征各时间节点变化呈现较大的差异性。湖泊开始冻结日期相对变化较小,完全冻结日期呈先提前后推迟的波动趋势,开始消融日期呈先推迟后提前的波动趋势,完全消融日期在2012-2016年呈明显提前趋势。青海湖封冻期在2000-2005年和2010-2016年呈缩短趋势,但减少速率慢于青藏高原腹地的湖泊。(3)青海湖冻结和消融的空间模式相同,即湖冰形成较早的区域则消融较早,且前者持续时间(18~31 d)整体上大于后者(7~20 d),二者相差约10 d。(4)冬半年负积温大小是影响青海湖封冻期的关键要素,但风速和降水对青海湖湖冰的形成和消融亦发挥着重要作用。 | 祁苗苗 姚晓军 李晓锋 安丽娜 宫鹏 高永鹏 刘娟 | 2018 | 地理学报2018，73，5： | 16 |
| 19 | Spatial-temporal characteristics of lake area variations in Hoh Xil region from 1970 to 2011显示文摘As one of the areas with numerous lakes on the Tibetan Plateau, the Hoh Xil region plays an extremely important role in the fragile plateau eco-environment. Based on topographic maps in the 1970 s and Landsat TM/ETM+ remote sensing images in the 1990 s and the period from 2000 to 2011, the data of 83 lakes with an area above 10 km2 each were obtained by digitization method and artificial visual interpretation technology, and the causes for lake variations were also analyzed. Some conclusions can be drawn as follows.(1) From the 1970 s to 2011, the lakes in the Hoh Xil region firstly shrank and then expanded. In particular, the area of lakes generally decreased during the 1970s–1990s. Then the lakes expanded from the 1990 s to 2000 and the area was slightly higher than that in the 1970 s. The area of lakes dramatically increased after 2000.(2) From 2000 to 2011, the lakes with different area ranks in the Hoh Xil region showed an overall expansion trend. Meanwhile, some regional differences were also discovered. Most of the lakes expanded and were widely distributed in the northern, central and western parts of the region. Some lakes were merged together or overflowed due to their rapid expansion. A small number of lakes with the trend of area decrease or strong fluctuation were scattered in the central and southern parts of the study area. And their variations were related to their own supply conditions or hydraulic connection with the downstream lakes or rivers.(3) The increase in precipitation was the dominant factor resulting in the expansion of lakes in the Hoh Xil region. The secondary factor was the increase in meltwater from glaciers and frozen soil due to climate warming. | YAO Xiaojun LIU Shiyin LI Long SUN Meiping LUO Jing | 2014 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2014，24，4： | 14 |
| 20 | Changes in China’s lakes: climate and human impacts显示文摘Lakes have played a critical role in providing water and ecosystem services for people and other organisms in China for millennia.However,accelerating climate change and economic boom have resulted in unprecedented changes in these valuable lakes.Using Landsat images covering the entity of the country,we explored the changes in China’s lakes and the associated driving forces over the last 30 years(i.e.mid-1980 s to 2015).We discovered that China’s lakes have changed with divergent regional trends:in the sparsely populated Tibetan Plateau,lakes are abundant and the lake area has increased dramatically from 38596 to46831 km^2(i.e.increased by 8235 km^2,or 21.3%),whereas,in the densely populated northern and eastern regions,lakes are relatively scarce and the lake area has decreased from 36659 to 33657 km^2(i.e.decreased by 3002 km^2,or 8.2%).In particular,severe lake decreases occurred in the Mongolia-Xinjiang Plateau and the Eastern Plain(-2151 km^2).Statistical analyses indicated that climate was the most important factor controlling lake changes in the Tibetan Plateau,the Yun-Gui Plateau and the Northeast Plain.However,the strength of climatic control on lake changes was low in the Eastern Plain and the Mongolia-Xinjiang Plateau,where human activities,e.g.impoldering,irrigation and mining,have caused serious impacts on lakes.Further lake changes will exacerbate regional imbalances between lake resources and population distribution,and thus may increase the risk of water-resource crises in China. | Shengli Tao Jingyun Fang Suhui Ma Qiong Cai Xinyu Xiong Di Tian Xia Zhao Leqi Fang Heng Zhang Jiangling Zhu Shuqing Zhao | 2020 | National Science Review2020，7，1： | 14 |
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