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| 1 | 饮用水中的消毒副产物及其控制策略显示文摘消毒副产物(disinfection by-products,DBPs)是在饮用水消毒时由消毒剂与有机或无机前体物反应生成的一类次生污染物,其由于具有致癌、致畸和致突变的三致特性在全球范围内广受关注.聚焦于饮用水中的DBPs,介绍了DBPs的主要分类和研究历程,汇总了多地饮用水中常见DBPs的浓度水平以及全球饮用水水质标准对DBP指标的管控要求.随后系统介绍了饮用水中DBPs的控制策略,包括源头控制、过程控制、末端控制以及协同控制这4大类,并对各类控制方法的优缺点进行了分析.评述了中国的DBPs研究的现有水平和未来趋势,并展望了未来有关DBPs控制方法的研究方向.一方面,在评价某种工艺或技术对DBPs的控制效果时需要考虑DBPs浓度和水质综合毒性的变化,另一方面,建议关注耦合源头、过程和末端控制技术的协同控制方法,兼顾从源头到龙头每个节点,实现对饮用水中各类DBPs的高效控制. | 楚文海 肖融 丁顺克 张瑞华 | 2021 | 环境科学2021，42，11： | 20 |
| 2 | Characteristics of molecular weight distribution of dissolved organic matter in bromide-containing water and disinfection by-product formation properties during treatment processes显示文摘The characteristics of dissolved organic matter(DOM) and bromide ion concentration have a significant influence on the formation of disinfection by-products(DBPs). In order to identify the main DBP precursors, DOM was divided into five fractions based on molecular weight(MW), trihalomethane formation potential and haloacetic acid formation potential were determined for fractions, and the change in contents of different fractions and total DBPs during treatment processes(pre-chlorination, coagulation, sand filtration,disinfection) were studied. Moreover, the relationship between bromide concentration and DBP generation characteristics in processes was also analyzed. The results showed that the main DBP precursors were the fraction with MW < 1 k Da and fraction with MW 3-10 k Da, and the DBP's generation ability of lower molecular weight DOM(< 10 k Da) was higher than that of higher molecular weight DOM. During different processes,pre-chlorination and disinfection had limited effect on removing organics but could alter the MW distribution, and coagulation and filtration could effectively remove organics with higher MW. For DBPs, trihalomethanes(THMs) were mainly generated in pre-chlorination and disinfection, while haloacetic acids(HAAs) were mostly generated during pre-chlorination; coagulation and sand filtration had little effect on THMs but resulted in a slight removal of HAAs. In addition, the results of ANOVA tests suggested that molecular sizes and treatment processes have significant influence on DBP formation. With increasing bromide concentration, the brominated DBPs significantly increased, but the bromine incorporation factor in the processes was basically consistent at each concentration. | Ying Zhang Ning Zhang Peng Zhao Zhiguang Niu | 2018 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2018，30，3： | 11 |
| 3 | 碘代消毒副产物在净水工艺中的生成机制与控制措施显示文摘碘代消毒副产物(I-DBPs)已经在越来越多的城市净水厂出水中被检出.I-DBPs的生成是由于碘源(包括碘化物和碘代显影剂)、氧化剂、前体物质(主要是天然有机物)之间相互作用的结果.尽管从目前来看,I-DBPs的浓度维持在ng·L^(-1)—μg·L^(-1)的数量级,但是相比氯代、溴代消毒副产物,其具有更强的细胞毒性和遗传毒性,因此研究影响I-DBPs生成的因素及其在净水工艺中行之有效的控制措施就显得尤为重要.对碘源、毒性特征、生成机制、控制措施进行了综述. | 付顺 孙越 | 2016 | 环境化学2016，35，6： | 6 |
| 4 | Disinfection by-product(DBP) research in China:Are we on the track?显示文摘Disinfection by-products(DBPs) formed during water disinfection has drawn significant public concern due to its toxicity. Since the first discovery of the trihalomethanes in 1974,continued effort has been devoted on DBPs worldwide to investigate the formation mechanism, levels, toxicity and control measures in drinking water. This review summarizes the main achievements on DBP research in China, which included:(1) the investigation of known DBP occurrence in drinking water of China;(2) the enhanced removal of DBP precursor by water treatment process;(3) the disinfection optimization to minimize DBP formation;and(4) the identification of unknown DBPs in drinking water. Although the research of DBPs in China cover the whole formation process of DBPs, there is still a challenge in effectively controlling the drinking water quality risk induced by DBPs, an integrated research framework including chemistry, toxicology, engineering, and epidemiology is especially crucial. | Huiyu Dong Haifeng Zhang Yan Wang Zhimin Qiang Min Yang | 2021 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2021，33，12： | 4 |
| 5 | 磁混凝-UV/O_(3)深度处理诺氟沙星制药废水工艺研究显示文摘以某诺氟沙星制药企业生物处理单元出水为试验用水,探究磁混凝-UV/O_(3)工艺对制药废水深度处理的效果。磁混凝试验中,COD去除方面,聚合硫酸铝铁(PFS)絮凝效果明显优于聚合氯化铝(PAC)和聚合硫酸铝铁(PAFS);COD、色度、浊度去除效果方面,阳离子聚丙酰胺(CPAM)助凝效果明显优于阴离子聚丙酰胺(APAM)及非离子聚丙酰胺(NPAM);48μm磁粉投加量为300 mg/L,PFS投加量为400 mg/L,CPAM投加量为6 mg/L,投加顺序为两段式磁粉+PFS—CPAM。在UV/O_(3)实验中,调整UV/O_(3)工艺:臭氧投加量为26 mg/min,初始pH为9,初始温度为20℃,氧化时间为60 min。经磁混凝-UV/O_(3)联合工艺处理后,出水COD小于30 mg/L,色度小于2倍,浊度低于1 NTU,满足当地《贾鲁河流域水污染物排放标准》(DB 41/908—2014)。 | 高健磊 柳振铎 闫怡新 翁伟 | 2023 | 工业水处理2023，43，5： | 3 |
| 6 | 强化混凝对三氯乙醛前体物的去除效能评价显示文摘以我国南方某微污染水源水为研究对象,研究聚合氯化铝(PACl)混凝及聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)、壳聚糖、活化硅酸助凝对水合三氯乙醛(CH)前体物的去除效果。结果表明,当PACl投加量为6 mg/L时对水合三氯乙醛生成势(CHFP)的去除效果最佳,去除率为52.94%,且对浊度、COD_(Mn)、DOC、UV_(254)也都有较好的去除效果;当PAM投量为0.12 mg/L时,对CHFP的去除效果最好,最大去除率提高了19.55%;当壳聚糖投加量为0.16 mg/L时,对CHFP的去除率最大,提高了14.96%;而活化硅酸助凝不适于对CH前体物的去除。 | 黄文华 蔡广强 张金松 刘丽君 卢小艳 黄河洵 刘嘉祺 刘波 | 2018 | 中国给水排水2018，34，7： | 2 |
| 7 | 反渗透技术对消毒副产物的去除效果、机理及影响因素研究进展显示文摘反渗透(RO)技术因操作简便、无药剂添加等特点,被广泛应用于管网末端痕量污染物的去除.为深入理解RO技术在去除饮用水中消毒副产物(DBP)的应用,总结了近20年来RO截留DBPs的效果、机理、影响因素及工艺.结果表明:①空间位阻效应是RO膜去除DBPs的主要作用机制,静电排斥效应对带电小分子DBPs的去除更加明显.②RO膜对疏水性DBPs也具有一定的吸附截留作用,适当提高pH、操作压力或膜改性(如使膜孔变小或增强膜的亲水性)能增强DBPs的去除,但升高温度不利于DBPs去除.③在一定范围内DBPs浓度变化(0~200μg/L)对RO膜截留影响不明显,目前尚存争议的是水中离子浓度和膜老化对RO膜截留的影响及各种RO工艺的优选.建议未来深入探究DBPs在RO工艺中的吸附和穿透行为及规律,并致力于开发净水能力更强且更节能省水的RO工艺. | 何欢 杨洁 陈白杨 | 2022 | 环境科学研究2022，35，2： | 1 |
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