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| 1 | 新型平口式集沙仪对不同粒级颗粒的收集效率显示文摘目前,国内缺少对集沙仪集沙效率问题的深入研究。采用风洞实验手段,就新型平口式集沙仪对不同粒级颗粒的收集效率进行了研究。结果表明:该集沙仪对1~0.85、0.85~0.5、0.5~0.25、0.5~0.1、0.25~0.1、0.1~0.05、<0.1、<0.05 mm粒级颗粒的平均收集效率分别为54.9%、59.6%、69.7%、52.6%、24.6%、21.0%、17.7%、13.2%,表现出对>0.25mm粒级颗粒收集效率较高、对<0.25mm粒级颗粒收集效率较低的特点。该集沙仪的集沙效率不是随着颗粒粒级增大而一直增大的,而是在0.5mm左右存在一个峰值。集沙仪的集沙效率没有表现出随风速变化的明显规律性,与各粒级颗粒风蚀强度之间也没有必然的联系。造成集沙仪对不同粒级颗粒收集效率差距较大的原因可能是不同粒级颗粒运动状态的差异和沙网孔径的大小。 | 王仁德 李庆 常春平 郭中领 | 2018 | 中国沙漠2018，38，4： | 10 |
| 2 | 土壤风蚀野外测量技术研究进展显示文摘野外测量是使用最早、应用最广的土壤风蚀研究方法。经过几十年的努力,国内外学者已开发出一系列土壤风蚀野外测量仪器与技术。由于没有制定统一的标准,目前世界各国使用的野外测量仪器和技术并不相同,这给研究结果的比较与集成造成一定困难,不利于交流与合作。基于此,本文对国内外土壤风蚀野外测量技术进行了全面梳理,归纳了土壤风蚀野外测量技术的发展历史,并从风蚀影响因子测量、风蚀物收集和风蚀量确定3方面详细介绍了土壤风蚀野外测量技术的研究进展,比较了不同类型仪器与方法的优缺点,指出目前一些被广泛采用的技术手段,并对今后土壤风蚀野外测量技术的发展趋势进行了展望,以期为中国土壤风蚀野外测量技术的发展提供参考。 | 王仁德 李庆 常春平 郭中领 李继峰 张春来 邹学勇 吴永胜 周娜 | 2019 | 中国沙漠2019，39，4： | 7 |
| 3 | 中国沙区公路风沙危害及防治研究进展显示文摘本文聚焦公路风沙问题,回顾了中国沙区公路的发展历程、现状与特点,围绕公路沿线风动力环境、沙害特征、致灾机理、风沙防治措施、防护体系结构组成和防护效益等,系统总结了中国沙区公路风沙防治取得的成果以及存在的问题。针对公路沿线流沙和戈壁地表以及区域自然特征的差异,兼顾风沙防治、绿色廊道建植与景观功效,确保沙区公路防护体系持续稳定和效能发挥,系统梳理了中国沙区公路3种典型风沙防治模式。基于中国公路网络骨架体系日益完善的切实需求和沙区公路安全运营面临的挑战,侧重加强高速公路风沙防治工程技术的提升,提出了中国沙区公路未来的研究重点和发展趋势。 | 张克存 安志山 何明珠 肖建华 张宏雪 | 2022 | 中国沙漠2022，42，3： | 5 |
| 4 | Effects of wind guide plates on wind velocity acceleration and dune leveling: a case study in Ulan Buh Desert, China显示文摘The areas used to be covered by shifting sand dunes have been reclaimed rapidly in recent years. However, it is a challenge to reclaim high sand dunes because it is rather costly to level the high dunes to gentle arable lands. In this study, a wind guide plate was used to change the characteristics of natural wind to level the sand dunes. The use of wind energy could significantly increase the efficiency of dune leveling and decrease the cost. Low wind velocity is a typical characteristic in Ulan Buh Desert of China where the average wind speed is much lower than the threshold velocity for sand movement. The experiment of this study was conducted to accelerate the wind velocity by a wind guide plate to level a sand dune. Results show that the threshold velocity for sand movement is 3.32 m/s at 10 cm above the sand surface in Ulan Buh Desert. A wind guide plate set at an angle less than 50° could significantly increase the wind velocity. The wind velocity could be accelerated up to the threshold velocity for sand movement behind a plate when the plate is at the angles of 20°, 25°, 35° and 40°. The most significant acceleration of wind velocity appears at 1.5 and 3.0 m behind the plate with an angle of 25°. An obvious wind velocity acceleration zone exists behind the wind guide plate when the angles are at 25°, 35°, 40° and 45°, with the most obvious zone under the angle of 45°. The results also show that the total amount of sand transferred over the experimental period increased by 6.1% under the effects of wind guide plates compared to the sand moved without wind guide plates. The results of the study will provide theoretical and practical supports for desert management in sand dune areas. | HAN Yanlong GAO Yong MENG Zhongju DANG Xiaohong JIA Xu DING Yanlong LI Peng | 2017 | Journal of Arid Land2017，9，5： | 2 |
| 5 | Effect of the W-beam central guardrails on wind-blown sand deposition on desert expressways in sandy regions显示文摘Many desert expressways are affected by the deposition of the wind-blown sand,which might block the movement of vehicles or cause accidents.W-beam central guardrails,which are used to improve the safety of desert expressways,are thought to influence the deposition of the wind-blown sand,but this has yet not to be studied adequately.To address this issue,we conducted a wind tunnel test to simulate and explore how the W-beam central guardrails affect the airflow,the wind-blown sand flux and the deposition of the wind-blown sand on desert expressways in sandy regions.The subgrade model is 3.5 cm high and 80.0 cm wide,with a bank slope ratio of 1:3.The W-beam central guardrails model is 3.7 cm high,which included a 1.4-cm-high W-beam and a 2.3-cm-high stand column.The wind velocity was measured by using pitot-static tubes placed at nine different heights(1,2,3,5,7,10,15,30 and 50 cm)above the floor of the chamber.The vertical distribution of the wind-blown sand flux in the wind tunnel was measured by using the sand sampler,which was sectioned into 20 intervals.In addition,we measured the wind-blown sand flux in the field at K50 of the Bachu-Shache desert expressway in the Taklimakan Desert on 11 May 2016,by using a customized 78-cm-high gradient sand sampler for the sand flux structure test.Obstruction by the subgrade leads to the formation of two weak wind zones located at the foot of the windward slope and at the leeward slope of the subgrade,and the wind velocity on the leeward side weakens significantly.The W-beam central guardrails decrease the leeward wind velocity,whereas the velocity increases through the bottom gaps and over the top of the W-beam central guardrails.The vertical distribution of the wind-blown sand flux measured by wind tunnel follows neither a power-law nor an exponential function when affected by either the subgrade or the W-beam central guardrails.At 0.0H and 0.5H(where H=3.5 cm,which is the height of the subgrade),the sand transport is less at the 3 cm height from the subgrade surface than at the 1 and 5 cm heights as a result of obstruction by the W-beam central guardrails,and the maximum sand transportation occurs at the 5 cm height affected by the subgrade surface.The average saltation height in the presence of the W-beam central guardrails is greater than the subgrade height.The field test shows that the sand deposits on the overtaking lane leeward of the W-beam central guardrails and that the thickness of the deposited sand is determined by the difference in the sand mass transported between the inlet and outlet points,which is consistent with the position of the minimum wind velocity in the wind tunnel test.The results of this study could help us to understand the hazards of the wind-blown sand onto subgrade with the W-beam central guardrails. | WANG Cui LI Shengyu LEI Jiaqiang LI Zhinong CHEN Jie | 2020 | Journal of Arid Land2020，12，1： | 2 |
| 6 | 基于无人机倾斜摄影技术的公路路基两侧积沙变化及沙害特征研究显示文摘沙漠地区风沙运动频繁,极易对线路造成沙害。为研究沙漠腹地线路的沙害影响,本文选取乌玛高速公路腾格里沙漠腹地路基试验段,借助无人机倾斜摄影技术,提取路基两侧积沙高程数据,结合沿线气象站的风况资料,研究路基两侧不同沙丘距离、高度等条件下的积沙变化,进而对沙害特征进行分析研究。结果表明:(1)远沙丘路基迎风侧积沙在秋季减少,其他季节逐渐增加,夏季延伸至路面;背风侧在夏季减少,其他季节缓慢增加。(2)远沙丘路基沙害为迎风侧沙埋,沙丘高度和沙地坡度越大,沙埋现象越严重,沙地坡度对沙埋影响效果更显著。(3)近沙丘路基两侧,夏秋两季积沙增加,春冬两季沙丘在吹蚀过程中往东南方向移动。(4)近沙丘路基沙害为迎风侧沙埋,夏季风沙流饱和后的沙埋要远大于春冬两季沙丘移动产生的沙埋,沙丘高度越小,迎风侧坡度越大,沙埋情况越严重。 | 张易辰 吕乐乐 吴永祥 罗廷赤 王福银 | 2022 | 中阿科技论坛(中英文)2022，，10： | 1 |
| 7 | Comparison of two classification methods to identify grain size fractions of aeolian sediment显示文摘Grain-size class-Std(GSCStd) and Grain-size class-dD(GSCdD) methods are simple statistical approaches for classifying bulk grain-size distributions(GSDs) into grain-size fractions. Although these two methods were developed based on similar statistical principles, the classification difference between these two methods has not been analyzed. In this study, GSCStd and GSCdD methods are conducted in thirteen grain-size data sequences to examine the applicability for identifying grain size fractions. Results show that, application of the GSCStd method is equivalent to that of the GSCdD method in identifying finer grain-size fractions, and the difference between the two methods mainly comes from the identification of coarse grain-size fractions. Thus, finer grain-size fractions are recommended for use in research of surface aeolian and paleo-aeolian sediments. In addition, our results do not completely agree with previous studies, coarser grain-size fractions in our case suggest that the GSCdD method may not be more applicable than the GSCStd method. | YanZai Wang YongQiu Wu MeiHui Pan RuiJie Lu | 2018 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2018，10，5： | 0 |
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