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| 1 | 上扬子区奥陶系五峰组—志留系龙马溪组沉积期火山活动对页岩有机质富集程度的影响显示文摘利用等时地层格架内建立的火山活动事件与海洋古生产力及氧化还原环境的对应关系,对上扬子区奥陶系五峰组—志留系龙马溪组沉积期火山活动及其对页岩有机质富集程度的影响进行研究。结果表明,研究区斑脱岩主要发育在五峰组沉积期海侵体系域(TST1)与龙马溪组沉积期海侵体系域(TST2)中,这两个体系域均对应高硅高炭的优质页岩相。根据斑脱岩发育的分段性特征,将TST1划为斑脱岩密集段,TST2划为斑脱岩稀疏段,前者斑脱岩发育频次大于1.5层/Ma且斑脱岩累计厚度比(斑脱岩厚度/页岩厚度)大于1%,后者斑脱岩发育频次小于1.5层/Ma且累计厚度比小于1%。TST1(密集段)较TST2(稀疏段)火山活动强度大且频次高,造成TST1有机质含量普遍较TST2高。剧烈且频繁的火山活动对页岩有机质富集具有双重促进作用,一方面火山灰提供营养物质促进海洋生物生产力,另一方面火山作用产生极度缺氧的环境提高有机质的埋藏量和保存率。 | 吴蓝宇 陆永潮 蒋恕 刘晓峰 何贵松 | 2018 | 石油勘探与开发2018，45，5： | 36 |
| 2 | 笔石生物演化与地层年代标定在页岩气勘探开发中的重大意义显示文摘中国海相页岩气在四川盆地及周缘地区实现了工业性开发,成为未来天然气产量增长的重要来源之一。页岩气主要产自南方海相奥陶纪到志留纪地层中,因为埋藏深、地层古老、地层压力大、热演化程度高和地质构造复杂,给页岩气勘探开发带来了挑战。四川盆地产天然气的黑色页岩含有丰富多样的笔石化石,古生物学家运用笔石生物地层学的方法,对中国南方奥陶纪到志留纪地层开展了笔石生物地层学研究,建立了高分辨率的笔石生物带,为黑色笔石页岩的精确地层划分和对比提供了关键工具,并据此厘定了四川盆地页岩气产出的主要烃源岩层及储层,为中国页岩气有利含气层段的圈选和勘探开发发挥了指导作用。 | 邹才能 龚剑明 王红岩 施振生 | 2019 | 中国石油勘探2019，24，1： | 27 |
| 3 | 中、上扬子地区晚奥陶世—早志留世古地理演化及页岩沉积模式显示文摘为明确南方海相页岩沉积与古地理演化关系,以中、上扬子地区晚奥陶世—兰多维列世沉积的页岩为研究对象,以24口页岩气井笔石地层划带资料为重点,配合GBDB数据库中的露头剖面信息,综合前人资料,按照相-亚相-微相划分,结合沉积物、沉积环境、地化参数及测井特征,总结出陆棚、潮坪及三角洲3种沉积相、8种亚相以及相应的多种微相的划分方案。明确中、上扬子地区总体处于隆起围限的局限低能陆表浅海环境,其中页岩储层沉积有利相带为局限深水陆棚相。以年代地层'阶'为单位,'优势相'为方法和覆盖全区的沉积相剖面/钻井为控制点,有效推测各时期隆起边界变化情况,重建中、上扬子地区凯迪期、赫南特期、鲁丹期和埃隆期4个连续断代岩相古地理格局;以'阶'为标尺卡准各时期笔石页岩段厚度,明确各期沉积体系时空展布及页岩分布规律。黑色页岩发育受控于全球海平面上升、区域构造运动和古地理格局3种因素。页岩厚度明显受控于隆-坳相间格局,沉积模式为'两隆夹一凹'型:页岩气富集区被'两隆'所夹持,位于'一凹'之中。靠近隆起区,笔石带发生不同程度缺失,不利于页岩气的开发,页岩气作业应尽量避开远离笔石页岩发育先天不足的隆起区。 | 孙莎莎 芮昀 董大忠 施振生 拜文华 马超 张磊夫 武瑾 昌燕 | 2018 | 石油与天然气地质2018，39，6： | 28 |
| 4 | 川南地区渐变型盆—山边界条件下龙马溪组页岩气(藏)富集主控因素:构造—沉积分异与差异性演化显示文摘川南地区龙马溪组全面进入3500 m以浅的页岩气开发、上产关键阶段。油气地质学界长期以来针对页岩岩相、岩石学与孔隙特征等储层静态参数的重视以及对龙一11小层的单一层系开发的局限,对川南地区龙马溪组页岩气整体产能的提高产生了一定制约。回归基础地质本质,采用地质—地球化学综合研究思路,以构造控制下的沉积分异格局为框架,补充完善川南地区笔石生物地层划分体系;依靠多期节理构造与古应力反演等构造解析方法,建立川南渐变型盆—山边界条件下龙马溪组多期构造演化与流体温压模型,明确川南地区复杂构造背景下页岩气差异富集机理。奥陶纪—志留纪之交的“三隆一坳”古构造—沉积分异,控制了川南地区五峰组—龙马溪组优质页岩渐进式发育与分布。在川南—大娄山渐变型盆山结构边界条件下,晚白垩世以来所经历的4期不同应力场构造变形事件,使威远、泸州—大足与长宁—宁西地区五峰组—龙马溪组具有差异性构造变形—抬升剥蚀与演化特征。差异性的埋深—隆升过程,对受埋深与构造热事件控制的页岩有机地球化学特征及流体充注体系产生重要影响。构造—沉积分异、盆山建造与热演化过程,最终控制川南地区五峰组—龙马溪组早期有限聚集—中期相对富集—晚期调整改造的页岩气成藏演化过程。 | 梁霄 徐剑良 王滢 方新焰 赵磊 伍翊嘉 邓宾 | 2021 | 地质科学2021，56，1： | 17 |
| 5 | 云南永善-大关地区五峰组-龙马溪组黑色页岩生物地层划分与沉积环境探讨:以新地2井为例显示文摘由于缺乏对四川盆地西南缘永善-大关地区五峰组-龙马溪组生物地层的详细划分与对比,黑色页岩分布时限及其沉积背景不明确.对新地2井五峰组-龙马溪组黑色页岩岩心开展生物地层研究,识别出了从上奥陶统凯迪阶上部WF1 Dicellograptus complanatus带至志留系兰多维列统埃隆阶顶部LM8 Stimulograptus sedgwickii带的9个生物带和组合.新地2井与宁211井、焦页1井、威202井、巫溪2井黑色页岩生物地层对比结果显示,新地2井的顶界与宁211井、焦页1井黑色页岩笔石带相近,但与威202井、巫溪2井相比低了1个笔石带.结合TOC值标定,新地2井富有机质页岩沉积期为WF2-LM6笔石带,其顶界高于宁211井的LM4笔石带.在笔石生物地层框架内对比了各井黑色页岩的沉积厚度、沉积速率及TOC值,探讨了它们的沉积演化差异及构造背景.靠近古隆起或古陆的沉积区,海侵-海泛稳定期时间呈缩短的趋势,富有机质页岩上界可低至LM5笔石带或以下;远离古隆起或古陆的沉积区,富有机质页岩上界可达LM8-LM9笔石带.受沉积水体深浅差异及古隆起陆源碎屑输入的影响,威远、焦石坝及巫溪地区出现了沉积分异现象.阶段性的海退事件及古隆起的状态变化(隆升与扩大)是广西运动的构造响应. | 张娣 余谦 陆俊泽 王正和 赵安坤 刘伟 何江林 雷子慧 | 2020 | 地球科学2020，45，3： | 15 |
| 6 | 滇东北DD1井五峰组—龙马溪组地层界线划分及沉积环境演变显示文摘DD1井上奥陶统临湘组泥灰岩之上发育大套粉砂质泥岩,笔石化石缺乏,也未发现观音桥段含赫南特贝灰岩标志层,O-S界线通过生物地层和岩石地层方法难以确定。微量、稀土元素分析表明,粉砂质泥岩中部(1288.3 m)的Th、Sr、Y、Th/U以及Cen、Eun、δCe、δEu曲线均呈现尖锐的异常峰,该处ΣREE含量显著高于上下地层,REE分布曲线右倾斜率更大。将DD1井与扬子地区其他O-S界线剖面的元素地球化学特征进行对比分析,可判断DD1井存在五峰组观音桥段,该标志层的厚度也小于1 m。微量元素地球化学氧化-还原判别图还表明,五峰期—龙马溪期早期沉积水介质主要处于弱氧化环境,观音桥期氧化性达到最强;根据沉积学标志分析,O-S之交沉积相演变过程为:潮下→潮间→潮上→潮间,在观音桥期水体最浅,为潮上带沉积。 | 冯伟明 李嵘 赵瞻 余谦 杨瀚 谢渊 叶定南 | 2021 | 中国地质2021，48，1： | 6 |
| 7 | 鄂西建始地区五峰-龙马溪组黑色页岩生物地层特征显示文摘鄂西建始地区五峰组-龙马溪组黑色页岩发育,尚未建立古生物地层序列.基于建地1井及湘鄂渝地区23个穿越奥陶系和志留系钻井、剖面资料,研究建始地区五峰组-龙马溪组黑色页岩笔石序列,分析湘鄂水下高地演化模式及其对页岩气成藏影响.建地1井从奥陶系Dicellograptus complexus(WF2)带至志留系Stimulograptus sedgwickii(LM8)带,共包含8个笔石带,缺失了Perculpto gr.perculptus(LM1)、Akidograptus ascensus(LM2)和Parakido gr.acuminatus(LM3)三个笔石带,表明建始地区在赫南特期至鲁丹早期处在湘鄂水下高地范围内.受控于全球海平面变化和广西运动双重作用,湘鄂水下高地整体呈现出自凯迪期至鲁丹早期不断隆升、影响范围逐渐扩大,鲁丹中晚期再逐渐回缩的演化模式;在其范围内普遍缺失WF3-LM4部分笔石带富有机质页岩,导致页岩气藏抗构造破坏能力差,勘探风险较大. | 周志 姜振学 李世臻 徐桂红 王胜建 郭天旭 童川川 | 2021 | 地球科学2021，46，2： | 5 |
| 8 | A deep water shelly fauna from the uppermost Ordovician in northwestern Hunan, South China and its paleoecological implications显示文摘It is the first time to document the trilobite Mucronaspis(Songxites) wuningensis and the brachiopod ParomalomenaAegiromenella Assemblage from the Xinkailing Bed(Hirnantian, uppermost Ordovician) in Taoyuan and Cili counties,northwestern Hunan Province. Synecological analysis shows that this is a deep water shelly fauna of South China during the Hirnantian. It lived on the upper Jiangnan Slope in northwestern Hunan, adjacent to the southeast margin of the Upper Yangtze Region, and belongs to the Hirnantia fauna with cool and deep water, and low diversity affinity, similar to its contemporary shelly faunas from the southern Shaanxi Slope adjacent to the north margin of the Upper Yangtze Region, the northern Chongqing depression(new name), and the Jiangxi-Anhui-Jiangsu gentle slope of the Lower Yangtze Region. Paleoecologically,it could be attributed to the BA 4–5 benthic regime(about 60–150 m deep, and deepest to 200 m), and was significantly different from the trilobite M.(S.) mucronata and the typical Hirnantia fauna while the latters may have habited in BA 2–3 benthic regimes(about 5–60 m deep). A new paleogeographic distribution pattern of the Hirnantian shallow and deep water shelly faunas of South China is herein proposed for the first time. Assuming that the depositional rate was constant in northwestern Hunan during the end Ordovician, the duration of the Xinkailing Bed might be only 12 thousand years according to the thickness of the Wufeng Formation and the absolute age values of those relevant graptolitic biozones. Such a short time interval may indicate that the global environmental change during the crisis was much shorter than previously thought, and its influence on the deep water regime was significantly shorter than that on the shallow water regime. | Jiayu RONG Xin WEI Renbin ZHAN Yi WANG | 2018 | Science China Earth Sciences2018，61，6： | 5 |
| 9 | 由下扬子区海陆对比分析南黄海盆地下志留统烃源岩特征及其主控因素显示文摘针对南黄海盆地海相油气勘探的重大需求,在收集、整理下扬子苏、浙、皖地区地质和地化资料的基础上,依托科学钻探CSDP-2井岩心,系统对比了南黄海盆地与下扬子陆区早志留世古地理背景和沉积充填特征,进而利用一系列地化测试数据总结了南黄海盆地下志留统烃源岩特征并探讨其主控因素。研究结果表明:南黄海盆地大陆架科学钻探CSDP-2井目前已钻遇了坟头组和高家边组上部两套丰度很低的厚层、暗色(粉砂质)泥岩,其有机质类型主要为Ⅱ2型,热演化程度已整体进入过成熟阶段;受控于全球海侵事件和扬子板块构造活动的发展阶段,早志留世初期深水陆棚环境逐渐向后期的浅水陆棚环境演变,加之早期较高的初级生产力和良好的保存条件,使得下扬子区高家边组下部烃源岩的品质明显高于上部,并以底部黑色笔石页岩段有机质丰度最高。因此,南黄海盆地高家边组底部理应存在一套优质烃源岩层,可作为下一步页岩气勘探的重点层位。 | 蔡来星 肖国林 郭兴伟 王蛟 吴志强 李宝刚 | 2019 | 吉林大学学报(地球科学版)2019，49，1： | 4 |
| 10 | 中、上扬子龙马溪组层序划分及对页岩储层发育的控制显示文摘以详细的岩相研究为基础,利用岩相的垂向叠置关系,结合测井、有机地球化学、沉积特征、矿物学特征、元素地球化学等分析,将中、上扬子下志留统龙马溪组划分为2个具有完整海侵和海退的三级层序,即SQ1~SQ2,平均延时约为2.5Ma。龙马溪组页岩储层主要发育7种成因类型的微米—纳米级微观储集空间,裂缝储集空间为构造剪裂缝和页理缝2类。通过不同孔径孔隙体积与有机碳含量的关系以及页岩对甲烷吸附能力分析,页岩储层孔隙发育主要受有机碳含量控制。富有机质页岩发育受控于有机质生产力、有机质聚集及有机质保存,最大海泛面附近的δ^13Corg介于-31‰^-30‰之间,高活性铁含量介于1.0%~1.56%之间,δ^13Corg负漂移及高活性铁含量最大,指示了最高的古生产力;沉积速率在最大海泛面附近约为7.5m/Ma,较低的沉积速率有利于有机碳聚集,其有机碳含量高达2%~6%;最大海泛面附近Th/U比值一般为0.24~0.54,V/Cr比值为5.26~8.27,表现出强缺氧还原环境,有利于有机质保存。因此,最大海泛面附近为富有机质页岩发育段,是寻找页岩气有利层段。 | 熊绍云 王鹏万 黄羚 邹辰 贺训云 李昌 徐政语 | 2020 | 地质学报2020，94，11： | 4 |
| 11 | Dispositional characteristics of Ordovician Wufeng Formation and Silurian Longmaxi Formation in Sichuan Basin and its adjacent areas显示文摘According to data of gas wells and typical sections of Wufeng Formation and Longmaxi Formation in Sichuan Basin,shale of various graptolite zones were analyzed to determine depositional environment,lithology and thickness characteristics of the graptolite shale interval of WF2-WF3 in the lower part of Wufeng Formation,the graptolite shale interval of WF4 in Guanyinqiao Member of Wufeng Formation and the graptolite shale interval of LM1-LM4 in the bottom of Longmaxi Formation,and characteristics of shale horizontal distribution were also investigated.During the depositional period of the graptolite shale interval of WF2-WF3,the study area was less affected by the Guangxi movement,the depositional environment was the deep water of open sea,where black shale was mainly deposited;the sedimentation center was developed in northeast Guizhou-northeast Sichuan and south Sichuan,the maximum thickness was from 4 to 6 m in the sedimentation center.During the depositional period of the graptolite shale interval of WF4,the depositional environment in the study area changed greatly due to global sea level fall and enhanced Guangxi movement;the central Sichuan paleouplift,the central Guizhou paleouplift and the Jiangnan-Xuefeng palaeouplift were further expanded,and the area of the sedimentary basin decreased;the depositional environment was mainly carbonate bioclastic shoal of shallow sea,and partially deep sea which only was distributed in the Shizhu-Fuling-Wuxi area in east and northeast Sichuan and the Gongxian-Yongchuan area in south Sichuan;sediments of shallow water were dominated by limestone and argillaceous limestone with abundant Hirnantia,sediments of deep water were dominated by calcareous mudstone and shale with Hirnantia.During the depositional period of the graptolite shale interval of LM1-LM4,due to rise of global sea level and Guangxi movement,the sedimentary area was larger than that in the depositional period of Guanyinqiao Member,and the sedimentary environment mainly was stagnant deepwater;thickness of black shale in the graptolite shale interval of LM1-LM4 was large,and the maximum thickness was over 20 m.Furthermore,control of the central Sichuan paleouplift,the central Guizhou paleouplift and the Jiangnan-Xuefeng paleouplift on black shale was discussed,and control of the Zhiliujing underwater highland/uplift,Huayingshan highland and Dingshan highland as well as western Hubei-Hunan underwater highland/uplift on shale deposition and preservation was also investigated. | Haikuan Nie Zhijun Jin Xin Ma Zhongbao Liu Tuo Lin Zhenheng Yang | 2017 | Petroleum Research2017，2，3： | 3 |
| 12 | China's shale gas exploration and development: Understanding and practice显示文摘Through detailed analyses of the distribution characteristics of organic-rich shale, appearance features of high-quality shale, microscopic characteristics of shale reservoir rocks, fracability, and the relationship between preservation conditions and shale gas enrichment in Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation-Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation in Sichuan Basin, theoretical understandings and specific suggestions with respect to the exploration and development of shale gas in China are summarized and proposed respectively. Important geological understandings in the exploration and development of shale gas of the Wufeng Formation–Longmaxi Formation in the Sichuan Basin can be summarized into the following aspects: depositional environment and depositional process control the distribution of organic-rich shale; high quality shale in 'sweet spot segments' are commonly characterized by high content of organic carbon, high brittleness, high porosity and gas content; organic pores are important storage space for the enrichment of shale gas; preservation conditions are the key factor for the geological evaluation of shale gas in structurally complex regions; shale gas can be considered as 'artificial gas reservoirs' and the fracability assessment is essential for high-production; nanoscale storage space and the mode of occurrence control the special seepage characteristics of shale gas. The following suggestions are proposed for the development of China's shale gas industry:(1) focus more on fundamental research to achieve new breakthrough in the geological theory of shale gas;(2) emphasize exploration practices to have all-round discoveries in multiple strata;(3) study the regularities of development and production to establish new models of shale gas development;(4) think creatively to invent new technologies to tackle key problems;(5) explore the management innovation to create new mechanisms in shale gas development. | MA Yongsheng CAI Xunyu ZHAO Peirong | 2018 | Petroleum Exploration and Development2018，45，4： | 3 |
| 13 | 雪峰山前陆盆地下志留统页岩气勘探潜力显示文摘雪峰山志留系前陆盆地分布在湘中-湘西北-四川盆地,是上扬子板块主要的盆地类型,目前针对该前陆盆地沉积特征和页岩气勘探潜力的研究少见.根据野外资料、测井资料和分析测试资料分析了湘西北和湘中地区前陆盆地沉积建造过程和页岩气勘探潜力.结果表明湘中前陆盆地前渊带以浊积扇和浅海陆棚相沉积为主,而湘西北隆后盆地沉积相类型丰富,包括潮坪相、浅海陆棚相、滨岸相、三角洲相和碳酸盐岩台地相等.虽然前渊带和隆后盆地沉积相类型和沉积厚度差异较大,但沉积旋回的划分却是一致的,因此前渊带和隆后盆地相互连通,雪峰山对其两侧盆地的遮挡作用有限.地球化学测试分析表明研究区隆后盆地页岩的有机碳含量、有机质类型均较四川盆地的焦石坝差.湖南地区志留系页岩各项地化指标较差的主要原因是其缺少龙马溪组第一旋回的黑色碳质页岩. | 刘辰生 郭建华 王宗秀 | 2019 | 地球科学2019，44，11： | 2 |
| 14 | Silurian integrative stratigraphy and timescale of China显示文摘Silurian is a period with the shortest duration in Phanerozoic except for the Neogene and Quaternary. It represents an important and unique interval when the biotic diversity recovered quickly after the end-Ordovician mass extinction, different paleoplates or terranes conjoined, big oceans disappeared or narrowed, climate and sea level changed frequently, global biotic provincialism became weaker, some primitive plants started to occupy the land. Silurian is also the first system of which all the chronostratigraphic stratotypes(i.e. the GSSPs) including four series and seven stages were established by the International Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy(ISSS). Nonetheless, during the post-GSSP studies conducted by ISSS in the middle1980 s, some Silurian GSSPs were found to have some congenital defects such as no index fossils available that hinder the high resolution subdivision and correlation on a regional or global scale. In this paper, based on the latest development of Silurian study in China, the progress in biostratigraphy, chronostratigraphy, event stratigraphy(such as facies differentiation, heterochrony of black shales, marine red beds, carbonate rocks and reefs), chemostratigraphy, and tectonic stratigraphy(e.g., widespread of the late Silurian rocks in South China and its tectonic implication) are systematically summarized. Some existing problems and the areas to be focused in future work are also discussed. It is suitable for chronostratigraphic study to concentrate not only on the boundary but also doing multidisciplinary analysis on the biotic, chemical, magnetic, environmental, and chronologic aspects, in order to enhance the reliability and the potential for regional and global correlation of a certain GSSP.Some important achievements are expected in these areas in the Silurian study in China:(1) ecostratigraphy and basin analysis of the Llandovery, and the correlation of integrative stratigraphy with a high resolution;(2) establishment of the Wenlock to Pridoli chronostratigraphic framework;(3) the chemo-and magnetic stratigraphy and the age of some key intervals and horizons;(4)further investigation on paleogeography and plate tectonics; and(5) origin and early evolution of the terrestrial ecosystem. Some new breakthroughs might occur in the restudy on some of those problematic GSSPs of some particular series and stages. | Jiayu RONG Yi WANG Renbin ZHAN Junxuan FAN Bing HUANG Peng TANG Yue LI Xiaole ZHANG Rongchang WU Guangxu WANG Xin WEI | 2019 | Science China Earth Sciences2019，62，1： | 2 |
| 15 | Elastic anisotropy and its influencing factors in organic-rich marine shale of southern China显示文摘Shale is observed to have strong anisotropy due to its unique mineralogy and microstructure, and this anisotropy property has significant impact on seismic and well-log data. The organic-rich marine shale in the southern and eastern Sichuan Basin is one of the most important shale-gas reservoir formations in China. To investigate the elastic anisotropy of this shale and its influencing factors, we performed ultrasonic velocity measurements, X-ray diffraction analysis, rock-eval pyrolysis and vitrinite reflectance measurement on the samples from the Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation and the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation. The experimental results show the that:(1) the velocity anisotropy of the Wufeng-Longmaxi(WL) shale varies from 10% to 50%, and most samples have strong anisotropy;(2) the P-and S-wave anisotropy parameters(Thomsen's εand γ) increase with clay contents, but this relationship can be greatly affected by the clay orientation index;(3) organic matter content(OMC) is found to have little influence in seismic anisotropy for the over mature WL shale, whereas the OMC determines the magnitude of anisotropy of immature/mature shales(e.g. the Bakken shale or the Bazhenov shale) according to the published literatures, because organic matters in shales of different maturity have different morphologies and distributions;(4) the OMC of WL shale has positive correlation with quartz content, and this weakens the correlation between OMC and the magnitude of anisotropy to a certain extent. The results of this study provide an important rock-physics basis and data support for seismic anisotropy exploration, quantitative interpretation and resource evaluation of the organic-rich marine shales in southern China. | Zichun LIU Feng ZHANG Xiangyang LI | 2019 | Science China Earth Sciences2019，62，11： | 2 |
| 16 | Study on anisotropy of Longmaxi shale using hydraulic fracturing experiment显示文摘Hydraulic fracturing reservoir reconstruction technology is crucial in the development of shale gas exploitation techniques.Large quantities of high-pressure fluids injected into shale reservoirs significantly alter compressional(P)and shear(S)wave velocities,rock mechanical parameters,and anisotropic characteristics.In this study,differentiated hydraulic fracturing petrophysical experiments were carried out on Longmaxi Formation shale under pseudo-triaxial stress loading conditions.The effects of stress loading methods,and water-rock physical and chemical reactions on P-and S-wave velocities and rock mechanical parameters were compared.The experimental results showed that isotropic stress loading may increase the P-and Swave velocities and Young’s modulus of dry shale kldnsample.Furthermore,it may lead to a weakening of the corresponding anisotropy.In contrast,differential stress loading was able to improve the anisotropy of Young’s modulus and accelerate the decrease in the compressive strength of shale in the vertical bedding direction.The water-rock physical and chemical reactions prompted by hydraulic fracturing was found to'soften'shale samples and reduce Young’s modulus.The influence of this'soften'effect on the compressional and shear wave velocities of shale was negligible,whilst there was a significant decrease in the anisotropy characteristics of Thomsen parameters,Young’s modulus,and Poisson’s ratio.The negative linear relationship between the Poisson’s ratios of the shale samples was also observed to lose sensitivity to stress loading,as a result of the'soften'effect of fracturing fluid on shale.The results of this study provide a reliable reference point and data support for future research on the mechanical properties of Longmaxi shale rocks. | Hongyu ZHAI Xu CHANG Wei ZHU Xinglin LEI Ziqiu XUE | 2021 | Science China Earth Sciences2021，64，2： | 1 |
| 17 | 滇东北地区大地构造演化对富有机质页岩气成藏影响研究显示文摘以四川盆地西南缘之滇东北地区地质演化特征为基础,通过综合分析研究区构造性质、活动范围、演化历史、持续强度及与之对应的物质基础、有机质热演化史等因素,选定研究区页岩气有利勘查区为木杆向斜盆地东南侧至东南部的斑竹林向斜区域。通过钻井验证测试,选区优质页岩厚度较大(厚60~80m)且连续稳定、发育及保存良好、有机质含量高(TOC 0.90%~4.43%,平均2.04%)、成熟度适中(Tmax在400~600℃,最高571.60℃,Ro>2.0%),脆性矿物含量较高且黏土矿物含量较低,孔隙度、含气性测试优良,显示研究区较好的页岩气勘探潜力。综合研究认为地质构造演化对有机质页岩气成藏具重要影响。 | 陈俊华 高世达 薛晓辉 邓平 雷国宝 | 2020 | 中国煤炭地质2020，32，6： | 1 |
| 18 | Quartz crystallinity index:New quantitative evidence for biogenic silica of the Late Ordovician to Early Silurian organic-rich shale in the Sichuan Basin and adjacent areas,China显示文摘Quartz crystallinity index(QCI)was used to reflect the crystallisation of silica in the Late Ordovician Wufeng(WF)and Early Silurian Longmaxi(LM)Formation shale,as well as the airborne volcanic ash-derived silica in the Lucaogou Formation tuffaceous shale,to distinguish the two types of silica.The silica in different graptolite biozones exhibited different crystallisation.The WF2–3,LM1–4 graptolite biozones showed obviously lower QCI values than the LM5–9 graptolite biozones and the Lucaogou Formation samples.The graptolite organisms played the role of adsorption,fixation,and precipitation in silicon accumulation and enrichment in stratum.The biogenic origin caused the poorest quartz crystallisation in WF2–3 and LM1–4 graptolite biozones samples.The airborne volcanic ash-derived silica in the Lucaogou Formation tuffaceous shale exhibited relatively poor quartz crystallisation because of weaker diagenesis intensity.Generally,although the WF2–3 and LM1–4 graptolite biozones underwent strong diagenesis and contained a small amount of detrital quartz,the silica still exhibited lower QCI values than the airborne volcanic ash-derived silica in the Lucaogou Formation tuffaceous shale.The biogenic silica crystallisation was much poorer than that of the airborne volcanic ash-derived silica.QCI is an effective quantitative index to demonstrate the biogenic silica in the organic-rich and silica-rich shale. | Guoheng LIU Gangyi ZHAI Rui YANG Tingpeng HE Bin WEI | 2021 | Science China Earth Sciences2021，64，5： | 0 |
| 19 | 雪峰山西侧北缘五峰组-龙马溪组含笔石页岩热成熟度特征显示文摘五峰组-龙马溪组含笔石富有机质页岩是中国目前最成功和最重要的页岩气勘探目标.由于缺乏镜质体,该地层的成熟度一直存在争议.以雪峰山西侧北缘富含笔石的五峰组-龙马溪组页岩为例,采用笔石表皮体反射率来表征其成熟度特征.该套页岩笔石含量丰富,以非粒状笔石表皮体为主,其具有二轴晶光性特征,最大反射率(GRmax)和双反射率之间表现出正相关关系,成熟度越高的笔石表皮体表现出更强的各向异性.同时,该套地层中也含有丰富的沥青颗粒,其随机反射率与笔石表皮体的最大和随机反射率也呈现了正相关性,其各向异性更弱,但其成因复杂,且颗粒细小,测定较困难,因此,相对而言,作为热成熟指标,笔石表皮体反射率更占优势.雪峰山西侧北缘五峰组-龙马溪组含笔石页岩的成熟度较高,EqVRo值均为3.10%以上,达到了过成熟阶段,是页岩气勘探的有利区. | 樊云鹏 刘岩 文志刚 王宗秀 张林炎 唐鹏海 徐耀辉 田永晶 陈吉 严刚 | 2019 | 地球科学2019，44，11： | 0 |
| 20 | Preface: New advances in the integrative stratigraphy and timescale of China显示文摘A series of major geological and biological events which altered the evolutionary processes of whole biosphere occurred during the earth history. Establishing a high-resolution stratigraphic framework and timescale is essential to understand their tempo and causes. High-resolution biostratigraphy remains the most useful approach and forms the basis of dividing the chronostratigraphic system and making the inter-continental and regional correlation. China possesses nearly complete strata from Ediacaran to Quaternary covering wide palaeogeographic regions and containing abundant well-preserved fossils. Traditional biostratigraphy based on sytematic palaeontology of various fossil groups have played an important role in establishing the GSSPs and improving the International and Chinese Stratigraphic Charts. 11 out of 72 establised GSSPs are located in China.Recently, more high-precision geochronology, chemostratigraphy, cyclostrtatigraphy have been applied for stratigraphy and correlation and important advances have been made in some periods. This volume invited Chinese palaeontologists and stratigraphers to summarize the progresses of stratigraphy and timescale from Ediacaran to Quaternary and intercontinental and regional correlation during the last two decades. | Shuzhong SHEN Jiayu RONG | 2019 | Science China Earth Sciences2019，62，1： | 0 |
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