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1A Diagnostic Study of the Impact of El Nion on the Precipitation in China显示文摘1.IntroductionEINifioisthemostoutstandinginterannualvariabilityintheocean.Itiswellknownthattheheatsourcedrivingtheatmosphericgeneralcirculationismainlywithinthetropics.EINinooccursinthetropicalPacificandthewarmingoftheoceanduringtheEINinocancoveralar...张人禾 1999Advances in Atmospheric Sciences1999,16,2:86
2Climatology and Interannual Variability of the Southeast Asian Summer Monsoon显示文摘ClimatologyandInterannualVariabilityoftheSoutheastAsianSummerMonsoonK.-M.LauLaboratoryforAtmospheres,Code913,NASA-GoddardSpac...K. M. Lau Song Yang 1997Advances in Atmospheric Sciences1997,14,2:123
3The Interannual Variability of East Asian Winter Monsoon and Its Relation to the Summer Monsoon显示文摘Based on the NCEP / NCAR reanalysis data the interannual variability of the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) is studied with a newly defined EAWM intensity index. The marked features for a strong (weak) winter monsoon include strong (weak) northerly winds along coastal East Asia, cold (warm) East Asian continent and surrounding sea and warm (cold) ocean from the subtropical central Pacific to the tropical western Pacific, high (low) pressure in East Asian continent and low (high) pressure in the adjacent ocean and deep (weak) East Asian trough at 500 hPa. These interannual variations are shown to be closely connected to the SST anomaly in the tropicaI Pacific, both in the western and eastern Pacific. The results suggest that the strength of the EAWM is mainly innuenced by the processes associated with the SST anomaly over the tropical Pacific. The EAWM generally becomes weak when there is a positive SST anomaly in the tropical eastern Pacific (E1 Nino), and it becomes strong when there is a negative SST anomaly (La Nina). Moreover, the SST anomaly in the South China Sea is found to be closely related to the EAWM and may persist to the following summer. Both the circulation at 850 hPa and the rainfall in China confirm the connection between the EAWM and the following East Asian summer monsoon. The possibIe reason for the recent 1998 summer flood in China is briefly discussed too.陈文 Han-F.Graf 黄荣辉 2000Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2000,17,1:146
4Uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and environmental changes显示文摘Major progress, problems, and challenges of recent investigation of the Tibetan Plateau uplift processes and resulting environmental changes are reviewed and summarized briefly, which especially covers the National Tibetan Research Projects of the Chinese Eighth (1992-1996) and Ninth (1997-2001) 'Five-Year Projects'. The Tibetan Plateau uplift is a complicated multiple cyclic process. The Gangdise and Himalayas began to uplift in theJijun Li Xiaomin Fang 1999Chinese Science Bulletin1999,44,23:66
5Impacts of thermodynamic processes over the Tibetan Plateau on the Northern Hemispheric climate显示文摘We here report our recent research results on the climatic features of Tibetan thermodynamic functions and their impacts on the regional climates of the Northern Hemisphere. The results show that the thermodynamic processes over the Tibetan Plateau not only strongly influence the Asian monsoon and precipitation, but also modulate the atmospheric circulation and climate over North America and Europe through stimulating the large-scale teleconnections such as the Asian-Pacific oscillation and affect the atmospheric circulation over the southern Indian Ocean. The Tibetan climate may be affected by sea surface temperatures over the tropical Pacific. On the other hand, the Tibetan climate also affects the atmosphere-ocean interactions in the tropics and mid-latitudes of the Pacific by the atmospheric circulation over the North Pacific. In spring and summer, the thermodynamic anomalies on the plateau affect the subtropical high pressure, the Hadley circulation, and the intertropical convergence zone over the Pacific, and then modulate the development of the El Ni-o/Southern Oscillation (ENSO). It is necessary to study the forecasting methods for the development of ENSO from the Tibetan climate anomaly. This result also embodies the essence of interactions among land, atmosphere, and ocean over the Northern Hemisphere. Since the previous studies focused on impacts of the plateau on climates in the Asian monsoon regions, it is essential to pay more attention to studying the roles of the plateau in the Northern Hemispheric and even global climates.ZHOU XiuJi ZHAO Ping CHEN JunMing CHEN LongXun LI WeiLiang 2009Science China Earth Sciences2009,52,11:42
6Eolian evidence from the Chinese Loess Plateau: the onset of the Late Cenozoic Great Glaciation in the Northern Hemisphere and Qinghai-Xizang Plateau uplift forcing显示文摘On the basis of a newly-constructed record of magnetic susceptibility (SUS) and the depositional rate change of eolian loess-red clay sequences in the last 7.2 Ma BP from the Loess Plateau, together with a comparison of a record of δ18O values from the equatorial East Pacific Ocean and eolian Quartz flux variations from the North Pacific Ocean, the evolutionary process of the Late Cenozoic Great Glaciation in the Northern Hemisphere can be divided into three stages: the arrival stage around 7.2—3.4 Ma BP, the initial stage at about 3.4—2.6 Ma BP, and the Great Ice Age since 2.6 Ma BP. The evolution of the East Asian monsoon is characterized by paired winter and summer monsoons, and it is basically composed of the initial stage of weak winter and summer monsoons, the transitional stage of simuhaneous increase in intensity of winter and summer monsoons, and the prevailing stage of strong winter and weak summer monsoons, or weak winter and strong summer monsoons. The Late Cenozoic global tectonic安芷生 王苏民 吴锡浩 陈明扬 孙东怀 刘秀铭 王富葆 李力 孙有斌 周卫健 周杰 刘晓东 鹿化煜 张云翔 董光荣 强小科 1999Science China Earth Sciences1999,42,3:39
7The Interannual Variability of East Asian Monsoon and Its Relationship with SST in a Coupled Atmosphere-Ocean-Land Climate Model显示文摘Based on a 200 year simulation and reanalysis data (1980-1996), the general characteristics of East Asian monsoon (EAM) were analyzed in the first part of the paper. It is clear from this research that the South Asian monsoon (SAM) defined by Webster and Yang (1992) is geographically and dynamically different from the East Asian monsoon (EAM). The region of the monsoon defined by Webster and Yang (1992) is located in the tropical region of Asia (40-110°E, 10-20°N), including the Indian monsoon and the Southeast Asian monsoon, while the EAM defined in this paper is located in the subtropical region of East Asia (110-125°E, 20-40°N). The components and the seasonal variations of the SAM and EAM are different and they characterize the tropical and subtropical Asian monsoon systems respectively. A suitable index (EAMI) for East Asian monsoon was then defined to describe the strength of EAM in this paper. In the second part of the paper, the interannual variability of EAM and its relationship with sea surface temperature (SST) in the 200 year simulation were studied by using the composite method, wavelet transformation. and the moving correlation coefficient method. The summer EAMI is negatively correlated with ENSO (E1 Nino and Southern Oscillation) cycle represented by the NINO3 sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) in the preceding April and January. while the winter EAM is closely correlated with the succeeding spring SST over the Pacific in the coupled model. The general differences of EAM between E1 Nino and La Nina cases were studied in the model through composite analysis. It was also revealed that the dominating time scales of EAM variability may change in the long-term variation and the strength may also change. The anomalous winter EAM may have some correlation with the succeeding summer EAM. but this relationship may disappear sometimes in the long-term climate variation. Such time-dependence was found in the relationship between EAM and SST in the long-term climate simulation as well.王会军 2000Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2000,17,1:33
8An virtual numerical experiment to understand the impacts of recovering natural vegetation on the summer climate and environmental conditions in East Asia显示文摘By applying a regional integrated environmental model system (RIEMS), a virtual numerical experiment is implemented to study the impacts of recovering natural vegetation on the regional climate and environmental conditions. The results show that recovering the natural vegetation in large scale could have significant influence on summer climate in East Asia. Not only would it be able to change the surface climate, but also to modify to certain extent the intensity of monsoon circulation. Although this is a virtual experiment at an extremely ideal condition, the implication of the simulating results is that the on-going nation-wide activities to recover the crop land for forest and pasture must be managed according to the local natural climate, hydrological and soil conditions. Only under such a condition, would the recovering of natural vegetation bring about significant climate and environmental benefits at regional scale.Congbin Fu Huiling Yuan 2001Chinese Science Bulletin2001,46,14:30
9The Influence of Tibetan Plateau on the Interannual Variability of Asian Monsoon显示文摘TheInfluenceofTibetanPlateauontheInterannualVariabilityofAsianMonsoon①WuAiming(吴爱明)andNiYunqi(倪允琪)DepartmentofAtmosphericScie...吴爱明 倪允琪 1997Advances in Atmospheric Sciences1997,14,4:30
10Pathways of Influence of the Northern Hemisphere Mid–high Latitudes on East Asian Climate: A Review显示文摘This paper reviews recent progress made by Chinese scientists on the pathways of influence of the Northern Hemisphere mid-high latitudes on East Asian climate within the framework of a“coupled oceanic-atmospheric(land-atmospheric or seaice-atmospheric)bridge”and“chain coupled bridge”.Four major categories of pathways are concentrated upon,as follows:Pathway A—from North Atlantic to East Asia;Pathway B—from the North Pacific to East Asia;Pathway C—from the Arctic to East Asia;and Pathway D—the synergistic effects of the mid-high latitudes and tropics.In addition,definitions of the terms“combined effect”,“synergistic effect”and“antagonistic effect”of two or more factors of influence or processes and their criteria are introduced,so as to objectively investigate those effects in future research.Jianping LI Fei ZHENG Cheng SUN Juan FENG Jing WANG 2019Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2019,36,9:27
11Hepatocellular carcinoma in Asia: Prevention strategy and planning显示文摘AIM: To review all of epidemiological and etiological aspects of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and examined the prevention of this disease in Asia.METHODS: We conducted a systematic review according to the PRISMA guidelines. We were chosen articles that published previously, from Pub Med(MEDLINE), the Cochrane database and Scopus. The key words used in this research were as follows: HCC in Asia and the way of prevention of this disease, with no language limitations. We selected those papers published before 2014 that we considered to be most important and appropriate. All relevant articles were accessed in full text and all relevant materials was evaluated and reviewed.RESULTS: More than 70% of all new cases of liver cancer were diagnosed in Asia, a region that 75% of all those chronically infected with hepatitis B virus(HBV) in the world. Chronic HBV infection is the main cause of HCC in Asia, where the virus is endemic and vertical transmission is common. Japan, Saudi Arabia, Egypt and Pakistan are exception because of high prevalence of HCV infection in these regions. The prevalence of this cancer is high in Eastern and South-Eastern Asia, But Middle Eastern countries are characterized as moderate prevalence rate of HCC region and Central Asia and some part of Middle Eastern countries are known as low prevalence rate of HCC. In addition of HBV and HCV the other factors such as aflatoxin, alcohol, obesity, diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) might be responsible for a low prevalence of HCC in Asian countries. Currently available HCC therapies, chemotherapy, surgical are inefficient, mainly due to usually late diagnosis and high recurrence rates after surgical resection, and usually end with treatment failure. Liver transplantation also remains as a difficult strategy in patients with HCC. Thus prevention of HCC by treating and prevention HBV and HCV infection, the major causative agents of HCC, and the other riskfactors such as aflatoxin, alcohol, obesity, diabetes and NAFLD is of a great medical importance. CONCLUSION: The main challenge which still present in Asia, is the high prevalence of chronic hepatitis.So, prevention of HBV and HCV is the key strategy to reduce the incidence of HCC in Asia.Sara Ashtari Mohamad Amin Pourhoseingholi Afsaneh Sharifian Mohamad Reza Zali 2015World Journal of Hepatology2015,7,12:25
12Late Quaternary clay minerals off Middle Vietnam in the western South China Sea: Implications for source analysis and East Asian monsoon evolution显示文摘High-resolution clay mineral records combined with oxygen isotopic stratigraphy over the past 450 ka during late Quaternary from Core MD05-2901 off Middle Vietnam in the western South China Sea are re-ported to reconstruct a history of East Asian monsoon evolution. Variations in Illite, chlorite, and kaolinite contents indicate a strong glacial-interglacial cyclicity, while changes in smectite content present a higher frequency cyclicity. The provenance analysis indicates a mixture of individual clay minerals from various sources surrounding the South China Sea. Smectite derived mainly from the Sunda shelf and its major source area of the Indonesian islands. Illite and chlorite originated mainly from the Mekong and Red rivers. Kaolinite was provided mainly by the Pearl River. Spectral analysis of the kaolin-ite/(illite+chlorite) ratio displays a strong eccentricity period of 100 ka, implying the ice sheet-forced win-ter monsoon evolution; whereas higher frequency changes in the smectite content show an ice sheet-forced obliquity period of 41 ka, and precession periods of 23 and 19 ka and a semi-precession period of 13 ka as well, implying the tropical-forced summer monsoon evolution. The winter monsoon evolution is generally in coherence with the glacial-interglacial cyclicity, with intensified winter monsoon winds during glacials and weakened winter monsoon winds during interglacials; whereas the summer monsoon evolution provides an almost linear response to the summer insolation of low latitude in the Northern Hemisphere, with strengthened summer monsoon during higher insolation and weakened summer monsoon during lower insolation. The result suggests that the high-latitude ice sheet and low-latitude tropical factor could drive the late Quaternary evolution of East Asian winter and summer monsoons, respectively, implying their diplex and self-contained forcing mechanism.Christophe COLIN 2007Science China Earth Sciences2007,50,11:24
13Altered trends in carbon uptake in China’s terrestrial ecosystems under the enhanced summer monsoon and warming hiatus显示文摘The carbon budgets in terrestrial ecosystems in China are strongly coupled with climate changes.Over the past decade,China has experienced dramatic climate changes characterized by enhanced summer monsoon and decelerated warming.However,the changes in the trends of terrestrial net ecosystem production(NEP)in China under climate changes are not well documented.Here,we used three ecosystem models to simulate the spatiotemporal variations in China's NEP during 1982–2010 and quantify the contribution of the strengthened summer monsoon and warming hiatus to the NEP variations in four distinct climatic regions of the country.Our results revealed a decadal-scale shift in NEP from a downtrend of–5.95 Tg C/yr^2(reduced sink)during 1982–2000 to an uptrend of 14.22 Tg C/yr^2(enhanced sink)during 2000–10.This shift was essentially induced by the strengthened summer monsoon,which stimulated carbon uptake,and the warming hiatus,which lessened the decrease in the NEP trend.Compared to the contribution of 56.3%by the climate effect,atmospheric CO2 concentration and nitrogen deposition had relatively small contributions(8.6 and 11.3%,respectively)to the shift.In conclusion,within the context of the global-warming hiatus,the strengthening of the summer monsoon is a critical climate factor that enhances carbon uptake in China due to the asymmetric response of photosynthesis and respiration.Our study not only revealed the shift in ecosystem carbon sequestration in China in recent decades,but also provides some insight for understanding ecosystem carbon dynamics in other monsoonal areas.Honglin He Shaoqiang Wang Li Zhang Junbang Wang Xiaoli Ren Lei Zhou Shilong Piao Hao Yan Weimin Ju Fengxue Gu Shiyong Yu Yuanhe Yang Miaomiao Wang Zhongen Niu Rcmg Ge Huimin Yan Mei Huang Guoyi Zhou Yongfei Bai Zongqiang Xie Zhiyao Tang Bingfang Wu Leiming Zhang Nianpeng He Qiufeng Wang Guirui Yu 2019National Science Review2019,6,3:24
14Quaternary clay mineralogy in the northern South China Sea (ODP Site 1146) —— Implications for oceanic current transport and East Asian monsoon evolution显示文摘Measurement of clay mineralogy at ODP Site 1146 in the northern South China Sea (SCS) indicates that illite, chlorite, and kaolinite contents increased during glacials and smectite content increased during interglacials. The smectite/(illite+chlorite) ratio and the smectite abundance were determined as mineralogical indicators for the East Asian monsoon evolution. At a 10 ka timescale, prevailing southeasterly surface oceanic currents during interglacials transported more smectite from the south and east areas to the north, showing a strengthened summer monsoon circulation, whereas dominated counter-clockwise surface currents during glacials carried more illite and chlorite from Taiwan as well as from the Yangtze River via the Luzon Strait to the northern SCS, indicating a strongly intensified winter monsoon. Based on a 100 ka timescale, a linear correlation between the smectite/(illite+chlorite) ratio and the sedimentation rate reflects that the winter monsoon has prevailed in the northern SCS in the intervals 2000—1200 ka and 400—0 ka and the summer monsoon did the same in the interval 1200—400 ka. The evolution of the summer monsoon provides an almost linear response to the summer insolation of Northern Hemisphere, implying an astronomical forcing of the East Asian monsoon evolution.刘志飞 Alain Trentesaux Steven C.Clemens 汪品先 2003Science China Earth Sciences2003,46,12:23
15History and variability of Asian interior aridity recorded by eolian flux in the Chinese Loess Plateau during the past 7 Ma显示文摘Eolian flux in the Chinese Loess Plateau was reconstructed by measuring the dry bulk density and CaCO3 content of the late Cenozoic loess-paleosol-red clay sequences in the Lingtai profile. Comparison of eolian flux variation between the Lingtai profile and the ODP sites 885/886 in the North Pacific shows a significant wet-dry variability in addition to a gradual drying trend in the dust source regions in interior Asia. Especially, the increase of eolian fluxes from both continental and pelagic eolian sediments indicates a sharp drying of the dust source regions between 3.6 and 2.6 MaBP, which might be attributed to the tectonic uplift of the Tibetan Plateau, which cut down the moisture input to the interior Asia. The average value and variability of eolian flux are higher after 2.6 MaBP than before, which may be related to the Quaternary climatic fluctuations on the glacial-interglacial timescale after the commencement of major Northern Hemisphere Glaciations. The eolian fluxes of the Lingtai profile and Core V21-146 in northwest Pacific show a synchronous variation on the 104-105 a timescale, indicating that the flux variations from both continental and marine records are closely correlated to the Quaternary climatic fluctuation forced by the ice volume changes on a global scale.孙有斌 安芷生 2002Science China Earth Sciences2002,45,5:23
16Precise dating of abrupt shifts in the Asian Monsoon during the last deglaciation based on stalagmite data from Yamen Cave, Guizhou Province, China显示文摘Based on 33 U/Th dates and 1020 oxygen isotopic data from stalagmite Y1 from Yamen Cave, Guizhou Province, China, a record of the Asian Summer Monsoon (ASM) was established. The record covers the last deglaciation and the early Holocene (from 16.2 to 7.3 ka BP) with an average oxygen isotope resolution of 9 years. The main millennial-scale deglacial events first identified in Greenland (Greenland Interstadial Events: GIS 1e through GIS 1a) and later in China are clearly present in the Y1 record. By analogy to earlier work, we refer to these as Chinese Interstadials (CIS): CIS A.1e to CIS A.1a. The onset of these events in Y1 δ18O records are nominally dated at: 14750±50, 14100±60, 13870±80, 13370±80, and 12990±80 a BP. The end of CIS A.1a or the beginning of the Younger Dryas (YD) event is nominally at 12850±50 a BP and the end of the YD dates to 11500±40 a BP. The δ18O values shift by close to 3‰ during the transition into the Bφlling-Allerφd (BA, the onset of CIS A.1e) and at the end of the YD. Comparisons of Y1 to previously published early Holocene records show no significant phase differences. Thus, the East Asia Monsoon and the Indian Monsoon do not appear to have been out of phase during this interval. The Y1 record confirms earlier work that suggested that solar insolation and North Atlantic climate both affect the Asian Monsoon.EDWARDS R. Lawrence 2010Science China Earth Sciences2010,53,5:22
17A projection of future changes in summer precipitation and monsoon in East Asia显示文摘The future potential changes in precipitation and monsoon circulation in the summer in East Asia are projected using the latest generation of coupled climate models under Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on Emission Scenarios (SRES) A1B scenario (a medium emission scenario).The multi-model ensemble means show that during the period of 2010-2099,the summer precipitation in East Asia will increase and experience a prominent change around the 2040s,with a small increase (~1%) before the end of the 2040s and a large increase (~9%) afterward.This kind of two-stage evolution characteristic of precipitation change can be seen most clearly in North China,and then in South China and in the mid and lower Yangtze River Valley.In 2010-2099,the projected precipitation pattern will be dominated by a pattern of 'wet East China' that explains 33.6% of EOF total variance.The corresponded time coefficient will markedly increase after the 2040s,indicating a great contribution from this mode to the enhanced precipitation across all East China.Other precipitation patterns that prevail in the current climate only contribute a small proportion to the total variance,with no prominent liner trend in the future.By the late 21st century,the monsoon circulation will be stronger in East Asia.At low level,this is due to the intensification of southwesterly airflow north of the anticyclone over the western Pacific and the SCS,and at high level,it is caused by the increased northeasterly airflow east of the anticyclone over South Asia.The enhanced monsoon circulation will also experience a two-stage evolution in 2010-2099,with a prominent increase (by ~0.6 m s-1) after the 2040s.The atmospheric water vapor content over East Asia will greatly increase (by ~9%) at the end of 21st century.The water vapor transported northward into East China will be intensified and display a prominent increase around the 2040s similar to other examined variables.These indicate that the enhanced precipitation over East Asia is caused by the increases in both monsoon circulation and water vapor,which is greatly different from South Asia.Both the dynamical and thermal dynamic variables will evolve consistently in response to the global warming in East Asia,i.e.,the intensified southwesterly monsoon airflow corresponding to the increased water vapor and southwesterly moisture transport.Ying Sun YiHui Ding 2010Science China Earth Sciences2010,53,2:23
18Land-atmosphere-ocean coupling associated with the Tibetan Plateau and its climate impacts显示文摘This paper reviews recent advances regarding land-atmosphere-ocean coupling associated with the Tibetan Plateau(TP)and its climatic impacts.Thermal forcing over the TP interacts strongly with that over the Iranian Plateau,forming a coupled heating system that elevates the tropopause,generates a monsoonal meridional circulation over South Asia and creates conditions of large-scale ascent favorable for Asian summer monsoon development.TP heating leads to intensification and westward extension(northward movement)of the South Asian High(Atlantic Intertropical Convergence Zone),and exerts strong impacts on upstream climate variations from North Atlantic to West Asia.It also affects oceanic circulation and buoyancy fields via atmospheric stationary wave trains and air-sea interaction processes,contributing to formation of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation.The TP thermal state and atmospheric-oceanic conditions are highly interactive and Asian summer monsoon variability is controlled synergistically by internal TP variability and external forcing factors.Yimin Liu Mengmeng Lu Haijun Yang Anmin Duan Bian He Song Yang Guoxiong Wu 2020National Science Review2020,7,3:21
19The East Asian summer monsoon circulation anomaly index and its interannual variations显示文摘Based on the concept of East Asia-Pacific (EAP) teleconnection which influences East Asian summer monsoon, an index for East Asian summer monsoon circulation anomaly was defined and it was pointed out that this index can describle the interannual variation character of summer climate in East Asia, especially in the Yangtze River and Huaihe River Valley.Gang Huang Zhongwei Yan 1999Chinese Science Bulletin1999,44,14:18
20Changes in South Asian monsoon: New high-resolution paleoclimatic records from Tibet, China显示文摘High-resolution pollen records from 6 small lakes in the Tibetan Plateau provided the details of evolution of South Asian monsoon since the Last Glacial Maximum. Prior to 16 kaBP, the region was a desert-steppe characterized by cold and dry climates, the January temperature was 7 -10℃lower than that of present and the annual precipitation only accounted for 40% of the present. The temperature and precipitation increased gradually and trees began to live in the region after 12 kaBP, but during the interval from 9.2 to 6.3 kaBP, forest and forest-meadow appeared occasionally. From 8 to 5 kaBP, both January and July temperature was 2-3℃ higher and annual precipitation was also about 200 mm higher than that of the present. After 5 kaBP, temperature and precipitation decreased linearly and steppe vegetation began to degenerate.J.T.Overpeck LIU Kambiu J.T.Overpeck 2000Chinese Science Bulletin2000,45,1:18
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