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| 1 | Effect of myosin heavy chain composition of muscles on meat quality in Laiwu pigs and Duroc显示文摘In order to explain the mechanism of high meat quality in Laiwu pigs and investigate the relation between myosin heavy chains (MyHC) composition and meat quality, meat quality analysis was conducted and mRNA expression of MyHC I, IIa, IIx, IIb was quantified by real-time fluorescence PCR in longissimus muscle (LM) and semimembranous muscle of Laiwu pigs and Duroc. The result indicated that, compared with Duroc, mRNA expression of MyHC IIa, IIx in LM and semimembranous muscle of Laiwu pigs was significantly increased, mRNA expression of MyHC IIb was dramatically decreased. However, the expression of MyHC I was not significantly affected by breeds. The correlation between mRNA expression of MyHC I, IIa, IIx in LM and meat color, pH value, marbling, intramuscular fat content was positive, but shear value of LM was negative. The relation between MyHC IIb mRNA expression and marbling, intramuscular fat content was dramatically negative, whereas shear value was strikingly positive, as well as fiber diameter, but without reaching statistical significance. Therefore, the composition of MyHC I, IIa, IIx, IIb affected meat quality, furthermore, expression of MyHC I, IIa, IIx, IIb mRNA prominently influenced meat characteristics, especially edible quality of muscle, suggesting that mRNA expression level of MyHC I, IIa, IIx, IIb can exactly and impersonally estimate meat quality. | HU HongMei, WANG JiYing, ZHU RongSheng, GUO JianFeng & WU Ying Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China | 2008 | Science China(Life Sciences)2008，51，2： | 26 |
| 2 | Effect of dietary supplementation with mulberry(Morus alba L.) leaves on the growth performance,meat quality and antioxidative capacity of finishing pigs显示文摘The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary mulberry(Morus alba L.) leaves powder(MLP) supplementation on meat quality of finishing pigs.A total of 40 Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire pigs(initial body weight of(40.5±0.63) kg) were randomly allotted into two treatments,fed either with control diet or 15% MLP diet for 85 d.The results showed that MLP diet decreased(P≤0.05) average daily gain(ADG) and increased(P<0.05) feed/gain ratio(F/G) in the finishing and whole period.MLP diet also decreased(P<0.05) carcass weight,dressing percentage,last rib and average backfat depth.However,MLP diet increased(P<0.05) intramuscular fat(IMF) content,decreased(P<0.05) shear force,cooking loss and drip loss.In addition,MLP diet increased(P<0.05) total antioxidative capacity,glutathione peroxidase and tended(P<0.10) to increase total superoxide dismutase in serum.In longissimus thoracis,myosin heavy chain(MyHC) I and IIa mRNA levels were increased(P≤0.05) for MLP diet.In conclusion,15% MLP supplementation reduced the growth performance and carcass traits,but improved meat quality of finishing pigs possibly through the change of myofiber characteristics,enhancement of antioxidative capacity and increase of IMF. | ZENG Zhu JIANG Jun-jie YU Jie MAO Xiang-bing YU Bing CHEN Dai-wen | 2019 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2019，18，1： | 24 |
| 3 | Chinese herb feed additives improved the growth performance, meat quality, and nutrient digestibility parameters of pigs显示文摘Background:Since the use of antibiotics in animal feed has become a critical concern worldwide due to severe threats to human health and environment,we are in need of finding alternatives to antibiotics in pig breeding,maintaining the health of pigs,and getting high-quality pork.As traditional Chinese herbs(TCH)are rich natural resources in China and show great benefits to human health we propose to transfer this abundant resource into animal production industry as additives.Methods:Three groups of Chinese herbs(groups A,B,and C)were used as feed additives in the diet for pigs.In total 32 pigs were arranged in four groups(groups A,B,C,and control group,NC),fed in the same facility,eight pigs(one group)in each colony,free drinking,for 120 days.The feed:gain ratio(F/G),meat quality,total protein,and amino acid concentration of muscle were checked in the experiments.Results:After 120 days of feeding,the feed:gain ratio(F/G)of pigs in groups A,B,and C was decreased 17.56%,9.31%,and 13.86%compared with NC treatment,respectively.The diets supplemented with Chinese herbs improved meat quality,increased loin eye area(especially group A and C showed significant difference,P<.001),the total protein(increased ratio vs NC was A=4.54%,B=0.38%and C=3.53%),amino acid concentration of muscle,increased the villus height:crypt depth ratio,and induced positive effects on serum biochemical parameters and immune function(serum TC and TG concentrations were significantly lower than those in the NC group,P<.05.).Conclusions:The use of Chinese herbal feed additives can reduce the cost of pig breeding and produce high-quality pock.The combination of these effects would contribute to better absorption ability of the intestinal tract and yield a better growth performance. | Zhong-ning Lin Li Ye Zhen-wu Li Xiu-sheng Huang Zheng Lu You-quan Yang Huan-wei Xing Jie-ying Bai Zhao-yang Ying | 2020 | Animal Models and Experimental Medicine2020，3，1： | 17 |
| 4 | Dietary sources and levels of selenium supplements affect growth performance,carcass yield,meat quality and tissue selenium deposition in broilers显示文摘This study examined the effects of sources and levels of selenium(Se)on performance,carcass parts yield,meat quality and tissue Se concentration in broilers.A total of 960 one-day-old male broilers were divided into 8 treatments in a 4 x 2 factorial arrangement.Chicks were penned in groups of 20 with6 pens per group.Selenium sources were sodium selenite(SS),Se enriched yeast(SY),DLselenomethionine(SM)and nano-selenium(NS)and dietary supplemental Se levels were 0.1 and0.3 mg/kg diet.The average daily gain(ADG),average daily feed intake(ADFI),feed:gain ratio,mortality,and carcass parts yield were not affected by dietary treatments.The level of 0.3 mg/kg Se decreased lightness and increased yellowness of the breast and thighs(P<0.001).Nano-selenium improved yellowness,redness and meat quality(P<0.05).The interactive effects of sources and the levels of Se affected Se retention(P<0.001).Inorganic Se showed poor retention compared to other sources of Se;and NS showed equal retention with the organic sources.With consideration to meat quality responses,NS had a more signific:ant positive effect compared to SS as an inorganic source of Se.Overall,NS and organic sources of Se resulted in better meat quality compared with the inorganic source.Moreover,the highest Se retention percentage was achieved by supplementation of NS followed by organic sources at0.1 mg/kg compared to SS. | Reza Bakhshalinejad Ahmad Hassanabadi Robert A.Swick | 2019 | Animal Nutrition2019，，3： | 13 |
| 5 | Meat quality traits of four Chinese indigenous chicken breeds and one commercial broiler stock显示文摘Meat quality traits of four genotypes of Chinese indigenous chicken [Ninghai chicken(NC),frizzle chicken(FC),Ninghai xiang chicken(XC),and Zhenning loquat chicken(LC)] and one genotype of commercial broiler [Arbor Acres plus broiler(AAB)] were analyzed.The indigenous chickens were raised before the commercial chickens in order to achieve the same final processed days.Indigenous chickens of NC,FC,XC,and LC showed significantly higher inosine-5′-monophosphate(IMP) content,shorter fiber diameter,and lower shear force than those of AAB(P<0.05).In the indigenous genotypes,NC and FC had significantly shorter fiber diameters and lower shear forces than XC and LC(P<0.05),and NC and XC had a higher IMP content than FC and LC(P<0.05).Moreover,the indigenous genotype of LC significantly displayed the highest protein content(P<0.05) in the five genotypes of birds,and no significant differences of protein content were found between the other genotypes of NC,FC,XC,and AAB(P>0.05).The indigenous chickens from FC displayed the highest total lipid content in the five bird genotypes(P<0.05).Significant differences of pH,color values of L* and a*,and drip loss for the five genotypes of birds were also observed.In conclusion,there were significant differences in the meat quality traits of the bird breeds selected in this study,and the indigenous chickens,especially the NC genotype,produced better quality meat as far as the IMP content,fiber diameters,and shear forces were concerned. | Rong-fa GUAN Fei LYU Xiao-qiang CHEN Jie-qing MA Han JIANG Chao-geng XIAO | 2013 | Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)2013，14，10： | 12 |
| 6 | Prevalence and antibiogram study of Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus in poultry meat显示文摘Objective:To evaluate the presence and antibiogram pattern of Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)in retail poultry meat products.Methods:Foodborne pathogens(Salmonella and S.aureus)were isolated from poultry meat and confirmed with the help of biochemical and immunological test.Antibiogram of the isolates were examined by following CLS1 methods.Results:A total number of 209 poultry meat samples were collected and studied in this study.Out of which,5.26%were found contaminated with Salmonella while 18.18%were found contaminated with S.aureus.All the Salmonella and S.aureus isolates were found resistant to at least one antibiotic.About 72.72%of the Salmonella isolates showed resistance to tetracycline,while S.aureus isolates were also found highly resistant to tetracycline equal to 44.73%.One of the Salmonella isolates showed multi-drug resistance to almost six antibiotics out of nine antibiotics used in the study.Multidrug resistant S.aureus isolates were also found in the study.Conclusions:The study confirmed the presence of Salmonella and S.aureus in retail poultry meat.It is a potential threat to consumer health.To reduce the risk of contamination,good hygiene practices are necessary from processing to storage. | Ali Akbar Anil Kumar Anal | 2013 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2013，3，2： | 8 |
| 7 | Determination of the available energy values and amino acid digestibility of Flammulina velutipes stem waste and its effects on carcass trait and meat quality fed to growing-finishing pigs显示文摘Background:Flammulina velutipes stem waste(FVS)is the by-product of mushroom industry.The objectives of this study were to determine the available energy and amino acid digestibility of FVS fed to pigs,and to evaluate the effects of dietary FVS inclusion on growth performance,biochemical profile of serum,fecal short chain fatty acid(SCFA)concentration,carcass traits,meat quality,intestinal morphology and microflora of pigs.In Exp.1,twelve crossbred barrows with initial body weight(IBW)of 37.48±4.31 kg were randomly allotted to 2 dietary treatments,including a corn basal diet and an experimental diet containing 24.35%FVS.In Exp.2,twelve barrows fitted with an ileal T-cannula(IBW:32.56±1.67 kg)were randomly allotted to 2 dietary treatments,which included a N-free diet and an experimental diet containing 40.0%FVS.In Exp.3,ninety growing pigs(IBW:63.98±6.89 kg)were allotted to 1 of 3 treatment diets for 63 d,including a basal diet and 2 experimental diets with 2.5%and 5%FVS,respectively.Results:The digestible energy(DE)and metabolizable energy(ME)of FVS were 4.58 and 4.06 MJ/kg on dry matter basis,respectively,and the standardized ileal digestibility(SID)of indispensable AAs ranged from 17.50%to 59.47%.Pigs fed diets with 2.5%FVS showed no difference on average daily gain(ADG)and gain to feed ratio(G/F).Although dietary 5%FVS inclusion impaired apparent total tract digestibility(ATTD)of organic matter and gross energy,it elevated the SCFA concentration(P≤0.04)in gut and antioxidant capacity in serum.In addition,dietary FVS inclusion depressed the backfat thickness(P=0.03)in pigs.The longissimus dorsi muscle of pigs fed FVS revealed higher n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid concentration and optimized fatty acid composition.Dietary 2.5%FVS inclusion also improved the intestinal development and health by increasing the villius height to crypt depth ratio(V/C)in jejunum(P<0.01),and promoting microbial diversity and beneficial microbiota proliferation.Conclusions:It is feasible to include moderate content of FVS as an unconventional fiber ingredient in diet of growingfinishing pigs. | Xuzhou Liu Bo Zhang Hansuo Liu Gang Zhang Jinbiao Zhao Ling Liu Xiangshu Piao Hui Song Shuai Zhang Yu Li | 2020 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2020，11，3： | 6 |
| 8 | Application of new biotechnologies for improvements in swine nutrition and pork production显示文摘Meeting the increasing demands for high-quality pork protein requires not only improved diets but also biotechnology-based breeding to generate swine with desired production traits.Biotechnology can be classified as the cloning of animals with identical genetic composition or genetic engineering(via recombinant DNA technology and gene editing)to produce genetically modified animals or microorganisms.Cloning helps to conserve species and breeds,particularly those with excellent biological and economical traits.Recombinant DNA technology combines genetic materials from multiple sources into single cells to generate proteins.Gene(genome)editing involves the deletion,insertion or silencing of genes to produce:(a)genetically modified pigs with important production traits;or(b)microorganisms without an ability to resist antimicrobial substances.Current gene-editing tools include the use of zinc finger nuclease(ZFN),transcription activator-like effector nuclease(TALEN),or clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated nuclease-9(CRISPR/Cas9)as editors.ZFN,TALEN,or CRISPR/Cas9 components are delivered into target cells through transfection(lipid-based agents,electroporation,nucleofection,or microinjection)or bacteriophages,depending on cell type and plasmid.Compared to the ZFN and TALEN,CRISPR/Cas9 offers greater ease of design and greater flexibility in genetic engineering,but has a higher frequency of off-target effects.To date,genetically modified pigs have been generated to express bovine growth hormone,bacterial phytase,fungal carbohydrases,plant and C.elagan fatty acid desaturases,and uncoupling protein-1;and to lack myostatin,α-1,3-galactosyltransferase,or CD163(a cellular receptor for the'blue ear disease'virus).Biotechnology holds promise in improving the efficiency of swine production and developing alternatives to antibiotics in the future. | Guoyao Wu Fuller W.Bazer | 2019 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2019，10，4： | 5 |
| 9 | 基于meat grinder with SECT电路的50kJ电感储能型脉冲电源的研究显示文摘电感储能型脉冲电源是目前电磁发射技术的研究热点,提升装置储能密度对于推动电感储能型脉冲电源的应用和研究具有重要意义。本文介绍了一种适用于电感储能型脉冲电源的名为meat grinder with SECT的新电路,并对该电路进行了详细的原理分析,指出该电路兼具电流关断能力强和拓扑结构简单的优点。通过仿真将meat grinder with SECT和STRETCH meat grinder、STRETCH meat grinder with ICCOS这两种主流电路进行了性能比较,发现meat grinder with SECT电路在保持电气性能不变的同时,成本最低,体积最小。基于meat grinder with SECT电路,本文研制了50k J电感储能型脉冲电源并进行了试验测试,测试结果达到了预期目标。 | 班瑞 于歆杰 刘旭堃 李臻 | 2017 | 电工电能新技术2017，36，12： | 5 |
| 10 | Gas stunning with CO_2 affected meat color,lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress, and gene expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases, glutathione S-transferases,and Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase in the skeletal muscles of broilers显示文摘Background: Meat color and lipid peroxidation are important traits related to meat quality. CO_2 concentration is a critical factor that can affect meat quality in the commercial use of gas stunning(GS). However, the effect and mechanism of CO_2 stunning on meat color and lipid peroxidation during long-term storage remain poorly studied. We aimed to study the effects of GS methods, especial y CO_2 concentration, on meat color and meat lipid peroxidation in broilers during long-term storage at 4 °C and to explore the potential mechanism of meat color change via lipid peroxidation and the inner lipid peroxide scavenging system.Methods: Eighteen broilers were sacrificed after exposure to one of the following gas mixtures for 90 s: 40% CO_2+21% O_2+ 39% N2(G40%), 79% CO_2+ 21% O_2(G79%), or no stunning(0% CO_2, control). Meat color, serum variables,enzyme activities, and the gene expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK), nuclear factor-erythroid2-related factor 2(Nrf2), glutathione S-transferase(GST) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) were determined.(Continued on next page)Results: The concentrations of serum triiodothyronine(T3, P = 0.03) and the ratio of serum free triiodothyronine/free thyroxine(FT3/FT4, P < 0.01) were decreased, whereas levels of serum cortisol(P < 0.01) were increased in the 40%CO_2 group compared with the control group. Additionally, the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances(TBARS)3 d(P < 0.01) and TBARS6 d(P = 0.01) in breast meat and the TBARS3 din thigh meat(P < 0.01) were increased in the40% CO_2 group compared with the control group. Serum T3 was negatively correlated with TBARS6 dboth in the breast and thigh meat(r =-0.63, P < 0.01 and r =-0.47, P = 0.05 respectively). T3/T4 was negatively correlated with TBARS6 din the breast meat and in the thigh meat(r =-0.57, P = 0.01; and r =-0.53, P = 0.03 respectively). Compared with the control group, Lightness(L*)1 d(P = 0.03) and L*9 d(P < 0.01) were increased, whereas total chromatic aberration(E*)1 d(P = 0.05) and E*3 d(P < 0.01) were decreased in the breast meat of both the G40% and G79% groups. The values of yel owness(b*)3 d(P = 0.01), b*6 d(P < 0.01) and E*6 d(P < 0.01) in the thigh meat were lower in both the G40% and G79% groups than in the control group. In the breast muscle, the m RNA levels of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 2(JNK2, P = 0.03),GSTT1(P = 0.04), and SOD1(P = 0.05) were decreased, and the m RNA levels of JNK1(P = 0.07), Nrf2(P = 0.09), and GSTA3(P = 0.06) were slightly lower in both the G40% and G79% groups compared with the control group. However, among these genes, only the m RNA level of JNK1 was decreased in the G40% group compared with the control group and the G79% group(P = 0.03) in the thigh muscle.Conclusions: Compared with the control group, meat color quality in the breast meat was decreased, and the expression of genes in the MAPK/Nrf2/ARE(antioxidant responsive element) antioxidant pathway in breast muscle was partly suppressed by GS of both 40% and 79% CO_2. However, oxidative stress and meat lipid peroxidation during storage were aggravated by GS with 40% CO_2 compared to GS with 79% CO_2 and no GS. | Lei Xu Haijun Zhang Hongyuan Yue Shugeng Wu Haiming Yang Zhiyue Wang Guanghai Qi | 2018 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2018，9，3： | 5 |
| 11 | Changing dietary n-6:n-3 ratio using different oil sources affects performance,behavior,cytokines mRNA expression and meat fatty acid profile of broiler chickens显示文摘Typical formulated broiler diets are deficient in n-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids(PUFA) due to widening n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio which could greatly affect performance,immune system of birds and,more importantly,meat quality.This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of modifying dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio from plant and animal oil sources on performance,behavior,cytokine m RNA expression,antioxidative status and meat fatty acid profile of broiler chickens.Birds(n=420) were fed 7 diets enriched with different dietary oil sources and ratios as follows: sunflower oil in control diet(C); fish oil(FO); 1:1 ratio of sunflower oil to FO(C1 FO1); 3:1 ratio of sunflower oil to fish oil(C3 FO1); linseed oil(LO); 1:1 ratio of sunflower oil to linseed oil(C1 LO1); 3:1 ratio of sunflower oil to linseed oil(C3 LO1),resulting in dietary n-6:n-3 ratios of approximately 40:1,1.5:1,4:1,8:1,1:1,2.5:1 and 5:1,respectively.The best final body weight,feed conversion ratio as well as protein efficiency ratio of broilers were recorded in the C1 FO1 and C1 LO1 groups.Compared with the control group,the dressing percentage and breast and thigh yield were highest in the C1 FO1 and C1 LO1 groups.Narrowing the dietary n-6:n-3 ratio increased(P < 0.05) n-3 PUFA content of breast meat.Moreover,the breast meat contents of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid increased(P < 0.05) with increasing dietary FO whereas a-linolenic acid content was higher with LO supplementation.Also,enriching the diets with n-3 PUFA from FO and LO clearly decreased(P < 0.05) serum total cholesterol,triglycerides and very low-density lipoproteins and enhanced antioxidative status.The feeding frequency was decreased(P < 0.05) in the C1 FO1 and C1 LO1 groups.Likewise,n-3 PUFA-enriched diets enhanced the frequency of preening,wing flapping and flightiness.Animal oil source addition,compared to plant oil,to broiler diets enhanced the relative m RNA expression of interferon gamma,interleukin-1 beta,interleukin-2 and interleukin-6 genes,especially at low n-6:n-3 ratios.This study has clearly shown that narrowing n-6:n-3 ratio through the addition of FO or LO improved performance and immune response of broilers and resulted in healthy chicken meat,enriched with long chain n-3 PUFA. | Doaa Ibrahim Rania El-Sayed Safaa I.Khater Enas N.Said Shefaa A.M.El-Mandrawy | 2018 | Animal Nutrition2018，，1： | 5 |
| 12 | “刻板印象”——新闻与广告的双重解读显示文摘 | 张惺 | 2005 | 新闻界2005，，5： | 5 |
| 13 | Thyme oil inclusion levels in a rabbit ration: Evaluation of productive performance, carcass criteria and meat quality under hot environmental conditions显示文摘The aim of this study was to determine the impact of thyme essential oil supplementation in rabbit rations on performance, carcass criteria, and meat quality under hot environmental conditions. A total of 75, 4-week-old Californian male rabbits were assigned to 5 dietary treatments until 12 weeks of age.The rabbits were reared in an open house system(38C average ambient temperature and 26% to 35%relative humidity). Treatments were as follows: unsupplemented standard ration, negative control(CON); standard ration supplemented with 1.50 g/kg olive oil as carrier, positive control(POS);POS t 50 mg/kg thyme oil(TO1); POS t 100 mg/kg thyme oil(TO2); and POS t 150 mg/kg thyme oil(TO3). Dietary thyme oil up to 150 mg/kg improved(P < 0.001) feed intake and growth performance in comparison to CON. The highest average daily gain and most efficient feed conversion ratio(linear,P < 0.001 and quadratic, P < 0.001) were found for TO1 followed by TO2, TO3 and POS, respectively.The incorporation of thyme oil improved(P < 0.001) carcass criteria and decreased(P < 0.001) perirenal and scapular fat without any side effects on internal organs. Notably, the water holding capacity of rabbit meat was greater(P < 0.001), and the lipid oxidation was lower(P < 0.01) in rabbits fed treated rations compared with CON. Differences were also recorded in oxymyoglobin and metmyoglobin contents in rabbit meat among treatments. In conclusion, thyme oil of a specified composition and to be added to a rabbit ration up to 100 mg/kg using 1.50 g/kg olive oil as a carrier can be used as an efficient feed additive for improving productive performance of rabbits under hot environmental conditions. | Ahmed A.A.Abdel-Wareth Eman M.M.Taha Karl-Heinz Südekum Jayant Lohakare | 2018 | Animal Nutrition2018，，4： | 5 |
| 14 | 内源脂肪酶系在腌腊肉制品加工中的作用规律研究进展显示文摘从肉制品中脂类物质的组成与变化、内源脂肪酶系的分类与作用特点及其在加工过程中的活性变化等方面综述了内源脂肪酶系在腌腊肉制品加工中的作用规律。 | 张露娟 王道营 卞欢 徐为民 汪志君 诸永志 刘芳 | 2010 | 江西农业学报2010，22，11： | 4 |
| 15 | Genome wide association study identifies SNPs associated with fatty acid composition in Chinese Wagyu cattle显示文摘Background: Fatty acids are important traits that affect meat quality and nutritive values in beef cattle. Detection of genetic variants for fatty acid composition can help to elucidate the genetic mechanism underpinning these traits and promote the improvement of fatty acid profiles. In this study, we performed a genome-wide association study(GWAS) on fatty acid composition using high-density single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) arrays in Chinese Wagyu cattle.Results: In total, we detected 15 and 8 significant genome-wide SNPs for individual fatty acids and fatty acid groups in Chinese Wagyu cattle, respectively. Also, we identified nine candidate genes based on 100 kb regions around associated SNPs. Four SNPs significantly associated with C14:1 cis-9 were embedded with stearoyl-CoA desaturase(SCD), while three SNPs in total were identified for C22:6 n-3 within Phospholipid scramblase family member 5(PLSCR5), Cytoplasmic linker associated protein 1(CLASP1), and Chymosin(CYM). Notably, we found the top candidate SNP within SCD can explain ~ 7.37% of phenotypic variance for C14:1 cis-9.Moreover, we detected several blocks with high LD in the 100 kb region around SCD. In addition, we found three significant SNPs within a 100 kb region showing pleiotropic effects related to multiple FA groups(PUFA,n-6, and PUFA/SFA), which contains BAI1 associated protein 2 like 2(BAIAP2 L2), MAF bZIP transcription factor F(MAFF),and transmembrane protein 184 B(TMEM184 B).Conclusions: Our study identified several significant SNPs and candidate genes for individual fatty acids and fatty acid groups in Chinese Wagyu cattle, and these findings will further assist the design of breeding programs for meat quality in cattle. | Zezhao Wang Bo Zhu Hong Niu Wengang Zhang Ling Xu Lei Xu Yan Chen Lupei Zhang Xue Gao Huijiang Gao Shengli Zhang Lingyang Xu Junya Li | 2019 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2019，10，2： | 4 |
| 16 | Study on the pathogenetic effect of salted pork from a high risk area of stomach cancer in China显示文摘StudyonthepathogeneticefectofsaltedporkfromahighriskareaofstomachcancerinChinaYUANYuan1,LINHuiZhi1,ZHANGYinChang1,WANGXuan... | YUAN Yuan 1, LIN Hui Zhi 1, ZHANG Yin Chang 1, WANG Xuan Jie 2, WU Yie Qiu 1, GAO Hua 1, WANG Lan 1, LIU Yan Hou 3, LU Fang 3 and LOU Su Qing 3 | 1997 | World Journal of Gastroenterology1997，3，2： | 3 |
| 17 | Mediterranean dietary components are inversely associated with advanced colorectal polyps:A case-control study显示文摘AIM To evaluate the association between the Mediterranean diet(MD) pattern and its components, and advanced colorectal polyps(adenoma and serrated adenoma).METHODS A case-control study among patients undergoing screening, diagnostic or surveillance colonoscopies during 2010-2015 at the Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Gastroenterology Department. Cases with advanced polyps were defined as: Advanced adenoma [> 10 mm, with features of high grade dysplasia(HGD) or villous histology], advanced serrated adenoma(> 10 mm or with dysplasia) or multiple(≥ 3) non-advanced adenomas or serrated adenomas. Cases of non-advanced adenomas were defined as adenomas < 10 mm, without features of HGD or villous histology. Controls were defined as those without polyps at the current colonoscopy and without a history of colorectal polyps. Data collection included: anthropometrics measured according to a standardized protocol, fasting blood tests performed at the same lab, medical history recorded by a structured interview and dietary intake evaluated by a 116-item food frequency questionnaire. Adherence to the MD components was evaluated according to intake above/below the sample median, for potentially beneficial/detrimental components respectively, as accepted. RESULTS We recruited 206 cases with advanced polyps, 192 cases with non-advanced adenoma and 385 controls. The number of adhered MD components was inversely associated with a diagnosis of advanced polyps in a dose-response manner(OR = 0.34, 95%CI: 0.17-0.65; OR = 0.22, 95%CI: 0.11-0.43; and OR = 0.18, 95%CI: 0.07-0.47 for 3-4, 5-7 and 8-10 components, respectively), but not with non-advanced adenomas(OR = 0.54, 95%CI: 0.25-1.13; OR = 0.48, 95%CI: 0.23-0.99; and OR = 0.43, 95%CI: 0.16-1.12 for 3-4, 5-7 and 8-10 components, respectively). Low intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and red meat, as well as high intake of fish, were inversely associated with advanced polyps(OR = 0.56, 95%CI: 0.36-0.87; OR = 0.63, 95%CI: 0.42-0.95; and OR = 0.66, 95%CI: 0.44-0.99, respectively), while only low intake of red meat was inversely associated with non-advanced adenomas(OR = 0.71, 95%CI: 0.49-0.97). CONCLUSION A better adherence to the MD, specifically low intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and red meat as well as high intake of fish, is related to lower odds for advanced polyps. | Naomi Fliss-Isakov Revital Kariv Muriel Webb Dana Ivancovsky Dana Margalit Shira Zelber-Sagi | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，24： | 3 |
| 18 | Palm oil protectsα-linolenic acid from rumen biohydrogenation and muscle oxidation in cashmere goat kids显示文摘Background:In ruminants,dietary C18:3n-3 can be lost through biohydrogenation in the rumen;and C18:3n-3 that by-passes the rumen still can be lost through oxidation in muscle,theoretically reducing the deposition of C18:3n-3,the substrate for synthesis of poly-unsaturated fatty acids(n-3 LCPUFA)in muscle.In vitro studies have shown that rumen hydrogenation of C18:3n-3 is reduced by supplementation with palm oil(rich in cis-9 C18:1).In addition,in hepatocytes,studies with neonatal rats have shown that cis-9 C18:1 inhibits the oxidation of C18:3n-3.It therefore seems likely that palm oil could reduce both rumen biohydrogenation of C18:3n-3 and muscle oxidation of C18:3n-3.The present experiment tested whether the addition of palm oil to a linseed oil supplement for goat kids would prevent the losses of C18:3n-3 and thus improve the FA composition in two muscles,Longissimus dorsi and Biceps femoris.To investigate the processes involved,we studied the rumen bacterial communities and measured the mRNA expression of genes related to lipid metabolism in Longissimus dorsi.Sixty 4-month-old castrated male Albas white cashmere kids were randomly allocated among three dietary treatments.All three diets contained the same ingredients in the same proportions,but differed in their fat additives:palm oil(PMO),linseed oil(LSO)or mixed oil(MIX;2 parts linseed oil plus 1 part palm oil on a weight basis).Results:Compared with the LSO diet,the MIX diet decreased the relative abuandance of Pseudobutyrivibrio,a bacterial species that is positively related to the proportional loss rate of dietary C18:3n-3 and that has been reported to generate the ATP required for biohydrogenation(reflecting a decrease in the abundance of rumen bacteria that hydrogenate C18:3n-3 in MIX kids).In muscle,the MIX diet increased concentrations of C18:3n-3,C20:5n-3,C22:6n-3,and n-3 LCPUFA,and thus decreased the n-6/n-3 ratio;decreased the mRNA expression of CPT1β(a gene associated with fatty acid oxidation)and increased the mRNA expression of FADS1 and FADS2(genes associated with n-3 LCPUFA synthesis),compared with the LSO diet.Interestingly,compared to Longissimus dorsi,Biceps femoris had greater concentrations of PUFA,greater ratios of unsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids(U/S),and poly-unsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids(P/S),but a lesser concentration of saturated fatty acids(SFA).Conclusions:In cashmere goat kids,a combination of linseed and palm oils in the diet increases the muscle concentration of n-3 LCPUFA,apparently by decreasing the relative abundance of rumen bacteria that are positively related to the proportional loss rate of dietary C18:3n-3,by inhibiting mRNA expression of genes related to C18:3n-3 oxidation in muscle,and by up-regulating mRNA expression of genes related to n-3 LCPUFA synthesis in muscle,especially in Longissimus dorsi. | Xue Wang Graeme B.Martin Qi Wen Shulin Liu Yinhao Li Binlin Shi Xiaoyu Guo Yanli Zhao Yangdong Guo Sumei Yan | 2021 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2021，12，2： | 3 |
| 19 | Linoleic acid metabolic pathway allows for an efficient increase of intramuscular fat content in pigs显示文摘Background: Intramuscular fat(IMF) content is a relevant trait for high-quality meat products such as dry-cured ham,but increasing IMF has the undesirable correlated effect of decreasing lean growth.Thus,there is a need to find selection criteria for IMF independent from lean growth.In pigs,the proportion of linoleic(C18:2) and arachidonic(C20:4) acids decline with fat deposition and therefore they can be considered as indicators of fatness.The aim of this research was to estimate the genetic variation for C18:2 and C20:4 in IMF and their genetic correlations with IMF and lean growth traits,with the objective to assess their potential as specific biomarkers of IMF.The analysis was conducted using a full-pedigreed Duroc resource line with 91,448 records of body weight and backfat thickness(BT) at 180 days of age and 1371 records of fatty acid composition in the muscle gluteus medius.Results: The heritability estimates for C18:2 and C20:4 in IMF,whether expressed in absolute(mg/g of muscle) or in relative(mg/g of fatty acid) terms,as well as for their ratio(C20:4/C18:2),were high(> 0.40),revealing that the C18:2 to C20:4 pathway is subjected to substantial genetic influence.Litter effects were not negligible,with values ranging from8% to 15% of the phenotypic variance.The genetic correlations of C18:2 and C20:4 with IMF and BT were negative(-0.75 to-0.66,for IMF,and-0.64 to-0.36,for BT),if expressed in relative values,but almost null(-0.04 to 0.07),if expressed in absolute values,except for C18:2 with IMF,which was highly positive(0.88).The ratio of C20:4 to C18:2 also displayed a stronger genetic correlation with IMF(-0.59) than with BT(-0.10).Conclusions: The amount of C18:2 in muscle can be used as an IMF-specific biomarker.Selection for the absolute amount of C18:2 is expected to deliver a similar response outcome as selection for IMF at restrained BT.Further genetic analysis of the C18:2 metabolic pathway may provide new insights into differential fat deposition among adipose tissues and on candidate genes for molecular markers targeting specifically for one of them. | Sofia Gol Rayner Gonzalez-Prendes Lluis Bosch Marc Tor Josep Reixach Ramona N.Pena Joan Estany | 2019 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2019，10，3： | 3 |
| 20 | Safety Assessment and Distribution Characteristics of Heavy Metal Pollutants in Livestock and Poultry Meat from Different Regions of China显示文摘[Objective] To analyze and compare the heavy metal inspection results of different livestock and poultry meat from different farms,wholesale markets,farmers' markets and supermarkets in different areas of China,in order to evaluate the health risks of livestock and poultry meat.[Method] A total of 10 500 samples of 5 kinds of livestock and poultry meat were collected in North China,Northeast China,East China,Central China,South China,Southwest China and Northwest China during 2015-2017.The samples were analyzed and evaluated with the method of index of food safety( IFS).[Result]the average over-standard rates of Pb,Cd,Cr,Hg and As in samples were 1.10%-2.48%,0.67%-2.48%,1.00%-2.57%,0.81%-1.43% and 0.43%-1.00%,respectively,and the index of food safety was less than 1.The pollution levels of Pb,Cd,Cr,Hg and As in livestock and poultry meat in Southwest China were higher than those in other areas,while the pollution of As in Northeast China was severer than that in other areas.The order of IFS values of different heavy metals in different livestock and poultry meat was the same.[Conclusion] The index of food safety showed that the risk of heavy metal pollution in livestock and poultry meat did not exceed the acceptable limit. | Yajie WANG Heng TAO Kai CHEN Hu XIA Jinlin HE Guangcan TAO | 2019 | Asian Agricultural Research2019，11，1： | 3 |
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