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| 1 | Antibacterial activities of selected medicinal plants in traditional treatment of human wounds in Ethiopia显示文摘Objective:To evaluate the activity of selected Ethiopian medicinal plants traditionally used for wound treatment against wound-causing bacteria.Methods:Samples of medicinal plants(Achyranthes aspera,Brucea antidysenteriea,Datura stramonium,Croton macrostachyus,Acokanthera xchimperi.,Phytolacca dodecandra,Milhttia ferruginea,and Solanum incanum)were extracted using absolute methanol and water and tested for their antimicrobial activities against clinical isolates and standard strains of wound-causing bacteria using agar well diffusion and micro titer plate methods.Results:Most of the plant extracts had antibacterial activities,among which Acokanthera schimperi and Brucea antidysenteriea inhibited growth of 100%and 35%of the test organisms,respectively.Methanolic extracts had higher activities compared with their corresponding aqueous extracts.The most susceptible organism to the extracts was Streptococcus pyogens while the most resistant were Escherichia coli and Proteus vulgaris.Conclusions:This finding justifies the use of the plants in wound healing and their potential activity against woundcausing bacteria.Their toxicity level and antimicrobial activity with different extraction solvents should further be studied to use them as sources and templates for the synthesis of drugs to control wound and other disease-causing bacteria. | Biruhalem Taye Mirutse Giday Abebe Animut Jemal Seid | 2011 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2011，1，5： | 12 |
| 2 | A review of the efficacy of traditional Iranian medicine forinflammatory bowel disease显示文摘The etiology of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) is not yet known,but many factors such as defects in the immune system,oxidative stress,microbial content in the gastrointestinal tract,nuclear factor(NF)-κB,nitric oxide(NO),cyclooxygenase-2(Cox-2),and leukotriene B4(LB4) are thought to play a role in its pathogenesis.In traditional Iranian medicine(TIM),several medicinal plants are thought to be effective for the treatment of IBD.In this study,information on all of these remedies were derived from all available old sources such as documents or notes and books and were added to the information derived from modern medical databases covering all in vitro,in vivo and clinical trials.For some of these plants,only one or two mechanisms of action have been found such as in Cassia fistula,Lepidium sativum,and Bunium persicum.However,for some plants various mechanisms of action are known.For example,Commiphora mukul is effective in IBD due to its immunomodulatory,antioxidant,and antibacterial properties and it decreases NF-κB,NO and Cox-2.Another herb,Plantago ovata,has immunomodulatory,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and wound healing activities and decreases NO and LB4.Considering the mechanisms of action of these plants,the combination of some of them may be useful because of their many mechanisms of action such as Pistacia lentiscus,Bunium persicum,Solanum nigrum,Plantago ovata,Boswellia,Solanum nigrum,Plantago ovata and Commiphora mukul.For some of the herbal products used in TIM such as oleogum resin from Commiphora myrrha,seeds of Ocimum basilicum,seeds of Linum usitatissimum,gum resin of Dracaena cinnabari,seeds of Plantago major,seeds of Lallementia royleana,and seeds of Allium porrum,there is no or not enough studies to confirm their benefits in IBD.It is suggested that an evaluation of the effects of these plants on different aspects of IBD should be performed. | Roja Rahimi Mohammad Abdollahi Mohammad Reza Shams-Ardekani | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，36： | 10 |
| 3 | Antibacterial activity of Rosmarinus officinalis L.alone and in combination with cefuroxime against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus显示文摘Objective:To determine the antimicrobial activity of rosemary(Rosmarinus of ficinalis L.) and to investigate the synergistic effects of this extract combined with ceforuxime against methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA).Methods:The inhibitory and bactericidal activities of rosemary ethanol extract,alone and in combination with cefuroxime,were studied.Results:The minimum inhibitory concentrations(MICs) of the ethanol extract of rosemary were in the range of 0.39-3.13 mg/mL.The minimum bactericidal concentrations(MBCs) were usually equal to or double that MICs.The antimicrobial activity of combinations of the ethanol extract of rosemary and cefuroxime indicated their synergistic effects against all MRSAs.Conclusions:The present work clearly demonstrates that rosemary has a key role in the elevation of susceptibility toβ-lactams. | Naser Jarrar Awni Abu-Hijleh Kamel Adwan | 2010 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2010，3，2： | 10 |
| 4 | Phytotherapy in diabetes: Review on potential mechanistic perspectives显示文摘Diabetes mellitus(DM) is a widely spread epidemic dis ease that results from the absence of insulin, decreased secretion and/or impaired function. Since DM is a multi factorial disease, the available pharmaceuticals, despite their sensible treatment, target mostly one pathway to control hyperglycemia and encounter several side effects. Therefore, new therapeutic paradigms aim to hit several pathways using only one agent. Tradition ally, antidiabetic plants and/or their active constituents may fulfill this need. More than 200 species of plants possess antidiabetic properties which were evaluated mostly by screening tests without digging far for the exact mode of action. Searching among the differen literature resources and various database and in view o the above aspects, the present article provides a com prehensive review on the available antidiabetic plants that have been approved by pharmacological and clini cal evaluations, and which their mechanism(s) of ac tion is assured. These plants are categorized according to their proved mode of action and are classified into those that act by inhibiting glucose absorption from in testine, increasing insulin secretion from the pancreasinhibiting glucose production from hepatocytes, or enhancing glucose uptake by adipose and muscle tissues. The current review also highlights those that mimic in their action the new peptide analogs, such as exenatide, liraglutide and dipeptidylpeptidase-4 inhibitors that increase glucagon-like peptide-1 serum concentration and slow down the gastric emptying. | Hanan S El-Abhar Mona F Schaalan | 2014 | World Journal of Diabetes2014，5，2： | 8 |
| 5 | The effect of extracts of Selaginella involvens and Selaginella inaequalifolia leaves on poultry pathogens显示文摘Objective:To investigate the antimicrobial activity of some commonly available herbs against poultry pathogens such as Escherichia coli(E.coli) and Pseudomonas species isolated from poultry litter.Methods:The extracts of Selaginella involvens and Selaginella inaequalifolia were tested against E.coli and Pseudomonas isolated from poultry litter by the agar diffusion method.Results:Results indicated that different plant extracts showed inhibitory effects against E.coli(8-13 mm ) and Pseudomonas(6.5-13 mm).The four different extracts of Selaginella involvens and Selaginella inaequalifolia showed similar levels of antimicrobial activity on E.coli. Conclusions:The antimicrobial activities of all the four plant extracts are comparable and their potential as alternatives in the treatment of infections by these microorganisms were present in the poultry litter.Susceptibility testing is conduced on isolates using drugs selected on the basis of their importance to human medicine and use in poultry production. | Haripriya Duraiswamy Selvan Nallaiyan Jeyakumar Nelson Periasamy Rathina samy Marimuthu Johnson Irudayaraj Varaprasadam | 2010 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2010，3，9： | 8 |
| 6 | In vitro screening for acetylcholinesterase inhibition and antioxidant activity of medicinal plants from southern Africa显示文摘Objective:To determine the acetylcholinesterase inhibitory(AChE1) and antioxidant activity of the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of 12 traditional medicinal plants used in the treatment of neurological disorders.Methods:AChEI activity was determined spectrophotometrically using the Ellman’s colorimetric method.Antioxidant activity was carried out by determining the ability of the extracts to scavenge 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl(DPPH) and 2,2’-azinobis- 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid(ABTS) radicals.The levels of total phenols,flavonoids and flavonols were determined quantitatively using spectrophotometric methods.Results:AChEI was observed to be dose-dependent.Lannea schweinfurthii(L.schweinfurthii)(Engl.) Engl.and Scadoxus puniceus(S.puniceus)(L.) Friis & I.Nordal.root extracts showed the lowest IC50 value of 0.000 3 mg/mL for the ethyl acetate extracts while Zanthoxylum davyi(Z.davyi)(I.Verd.) P.G. Watermann had the lowest IC50 value of 0.01 mg/mL for the methanol extracts in the AChEI assay. The roots of Piper capense(P.capense) L.f.,L.schweinfurthii,Ziziphus mucronata(Z.mucronata) Willd.,Z.davyi and Crinum bulbispermum(C.bulbispermum)(Burm.f.) Milne-Redh.& Schweick.showed noteworthy radical scavenging activity and good AChEI activity.Conclusions: Five plants show good antioxidant and AChEI activity.These findings support the traditional use of the plants for treating neurological disorders especially where a cholinesterase mechanism and reactive oxygen species(ROS) are involved. | EA Adewusi V Steenkamp | 2011 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2011，4，10： | 7 |
| 7 | In vitro antibacterial and antitumor activities of some medicinal plant extracts, growing in Turkey显示文摘Objective: To investigate antibacterial and antitumor activities of 51 different extracts prepared with 3 types of solvents (water, ethanol and methanol) of 16 different plant species (Ajuga reptans (A. reptans) L., Phlomis pungens (P. pungens) Willd., Marrubium astracanicum (M. astracanicum) Jacq., Nepeta nuda (N. nuda) L., Stachys annua (S. annua) L., Genista lydia (G. lydia) Boiss., Nuphar lutea (N. lutea) L., Nymphaea alba (N. alba) L., Vinca minor (V. minor) L., Stellaria media (S. media) L., Capsella bursa-pastoris (C. bursa-pastoris) L., Galium spurium (G. spurium) L., Onosma heterophyllum (O. heterophyllum) Griseb., Reseda luteola (R. luteola) L., Viburnum lantana (V. lantana) L. and Mercurialis annua (M. annua) L.) grown in Turkey was conducted. Methods: Antibacterial activity was evaluated with 10 bacteria including Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis), Escheria coli (E. coli), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium), Serratia marcescens (S. marcescens), Proteus vulgaris (P. vulgaris), Enterobacter cloacae (E. cloacea), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) by using disc diffusion method. Antitumor activity was evaluated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens (A. tumefaciens)-induced potato disc tumor assay. Results: Best antibacterial activity was obtained with ethanolic extract of P. pungens against S. pyogenes . Ethanolic and methanolic extract of N. alba and ethanolic extract of G. lydia also showed strong antibacterial activities. Results indicated that alcoholic extracts especially ethanolic extracts exhibited strong antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Best antitumor activity was obtained with methanolic extracts of N. alba and V. lantana (100% tumor inhibition). Ethanolic extract of N. alba , alcoholic extracts of N. lutea , A. reptans and V. minor flowers, methanolic extracts of G. lydia and O. heterophyllum and ethanolic extract of V. lantana and aqueous extract of V. minor leaves exhibited strong tumor inhibitions. Conclusions: In near future works, identification of active components can be studied for plant extracts having strong bioactivity. | Arzu Birinci Yildirim Fatma Pehlivan Karakas Arzu Ucar Turker | 2013 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2013，6，8： | 6 |
| 8 | Diversity,bioactivities,and metabolic potentials of endophytic actinomycetes isolated from traditional medicinal plants in Sichuan,China显示文摘The present study was designed to determine the taxonomic diversity and metabolic activity of the actinomycetes community, including 13 traditional medicinal plants collected in Sichuan province, China, using multiple approaches such as morphological and molecular identification methods, bioactivity assays, and PCR screening for genes involved in antibiotics biosynthesis. 119 endophytic actinomycetes were recovered; 80 representative strains were chosen for 16 S r RNA gene partial sequence analyses, with 66 of them being affiliated to genus Streptomyces and the remaining 14 strains being rare actinomycetes. Antimicrobial tests showed that 12(15%) of the 80 endophytic actinomycetes displayed inhibitory effects against at least one indicator pathogens, which were all assigned to the genus Streptomyces. In addition, 87.5% and 58.8% of the isolates showed anticancer and anti-diabetic activities, respectively. Meanwhile, the anticancer activities of the isolates negatively correlated with their anti-diabetic activities. Based on the results of PCR screening, five genes, PKS-I, PKS-II, NRPS, ANSA, and oxy B, were detected in 55.0%, 58.8%, 90.0%, 18.8% and 8.8% of the 80 actinomycetes, respectively. In conclusion, the PCR screening method employed in the present study was conducive for screening and selection of potential actinomycetes and predicting potential secondary metabolites, which could overcome the limitations of traditional activity screening models. | QIU Peng FENG Zhi-Xiang TIAN Jie-Wei LEI Zu-Chao WANG Lei ZENG Zhi-Gang CHU Yi-Wen TIAN Yong-Qiang | 2015 | Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines2015，13，12： | 5 |
| 9 | Medicinal plants with hepatoprotective activity in Iranian folk medicine显示文摘There are a number of medicinal combinations in the Iranian traditional medicine which are commonly used as tonic for liver.In this review,we have introduced some medicinal plants that are used mainly for the treatment of liver disorders in Iranian folk medicine,with focus on their hepatoprotective effects particularly against CCI_4 agent.In this study,online databases including Web of Science.PubMed.Scopus,and Science Direct were searched for papers published from January 1970 to December 2013.Search terms consisted of medicinal plants,traditional medicine,folk medicine,hepatoprotective.Iran,liver,therapeutic uses,compounds,antioxidant.CCI_4.anti-inflammatory,and antihepatotoxic,hepatitis,alone or in combination.Allium hirtifolium Boiss..Apium graveolens L..Cynara scolyinus.Berberis vulgaris L..,Calendula officinalis,Nigella sativa L..Taraxacum officinale.Tragopogon porrifolius.Prangos ferulacea L..Allium sativum,Marribium vulgare,Ammi majus L..Citrullus lanatus Thunb.Agrimonia eupatoria L.and Primus armeniaca L.are some of the medicinal plants that have been used for the treatment of liver disorders in Iranian folk medicine.Out of several leads obtained from plants containing potential hepatoprotective agents,silymarin,P-sitosterol,betalain,neoandrographolide.phyllanthin.andrographolide.curcumin.picroside.hypophyllanlhin.kutkoside,and glycyrrhizin have been demonstrated to have potent hepatoprotective properties.Despite encouraging data on possibility of new discoveries in the near future,the evidence on treating viral hepatitis or other chronic liver diseases by herbal medications is not adequate. | Majid Asadi-Samani Najme Kafash-Farkhad Nafiseh Azimi Ali Fasihi Ebrahim Alinia-Ahandani Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei | 2015 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2015，5，2： | 5 |
| 10 | Some medicinal plants with antiasthmatic potential:a current status显示文摘Asthma is a common disease that is rising in prevalence worldwide with the highest prevalence in industrialized countries.Asthma affect about 300 million people worldwide and it has been estimated that a further 100 million will be affected by 2023.Since the ancient times,plants have been exemplary sources of medicine.Current asthma therapy lack satisfactory success due to adverse effect,hence patients are seeking complementary and alternative medicine to treat their asthma.Ayurveda and other Indian literature mention the use of plants in various human ailments.India has about 43 000 plant species and among them several thousand are claimed to possess medicinal properties.Researches conducted in the last few decades on the plants mentioned in ancient literature or used traditionally for asthma have shown antiasthmatic,antihistaminic and antiallergic activity.This review reveals that some plants and their extract have antiasthmatic,antihistaminic,anticholinergic and antiallergic activity. | Dnyaneshwar J Taur Ravindra Y Patil | 2011 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2011，1，5： | 4 |
| 11 | Anti-mycobacterial screening of five Indian medicinal plants and partial purification of active extracts of Cassia sophera and Urtica dioica显示文摘Objective:To find out the anti-mycobacterial potential of Cassia sophera(C.sophera),Urtica dioica(U.dioica),Momordica dioica,Tribulus terrains and Coccinia indica plants against multidrug resistant(MDR) strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis(M.tuberculosis).Methods:Plant materials were extracted successively with solvents of increasing polarity.Solvent extracts were screened for anti-mycobacterial activity against fast growing,non-pathogenic mycobacterium strain,Mycobacterium semegmatis,by disk diffusion method.The active extracts were tested against MDR and clinical isolates of M.tuberculosis by absolute concentration and proportion methods.The active extracts were subjected to bio-autoassay on TLC followed by silica column chromatography for isolation of potential drug leads.Results:Hexane extract of U.dioica(HEUD) and methanol extract of C.sophera(MECS) produced inhibition zone of 20 mm in disc diffusion assay and MIC of 250 and 125μg/mL respectively in broth dilution assay against Mycobacterium semegmatis.Semipurified traction F2 from MECS produced 86%inhibition against clinical isolate and 60%inhibition against MDR strain of ilf.tuberculosis.F18 from HEUD produced 81%inhibition against clinical isolate and 60%inhibition against MDR strain of M.tuberculosis.Phytochemical analysis indicated that anti-mycobacterial activity of MECS may be due to presence of alkaloids or flavonoids and that of HEUD due to terpenoids.Condosions:C.sophera and U.dioica plant extracts exhibited promising anti-mycobacterial activity against MDR strain of M.tuberculosis. This is the first report of anti-mycobacterial activity form C.sophera.This study showed possibility of purifying novel anti-mycobacterial compound(s) from C.sophera and U.dioica. | Rambir Singh Shariq Hussain Rajesh Verma Poonam Sharma | 2013 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2013，6，5： | 4 |
| 12 | Antibacterial activities of some plant extracts alone and in combination with different antimicrobials against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains显示文摘Objective:To evaluate the possible in vitro interaction between ethanolic extracts of Rhus coriaria[R.coriaria)(seed),Sacropoterium spinosum(S.spinosum)(seed),Rosa damascena(R. damascene)(flower) and certain known antimicrobial drugs including oxytetracycline HCl, penicillin C,cephalexin,sulfadimethoxine as sodium,and enr of loxacin.This synergy study was carried out against 3 clinical strains of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.aeruginosa).Methods:Evaluation of synergy interaction between plant extracts and antimicrobial agents was carried out using microdilution method.Results:The results of this study showed that there is a decrease in the MIC in case of combination of ethanolic plant extracts and test antimicrobial agents.The most interesting result was that the combination between R. coriaria and these antibiotics,showed a high decrease in minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC), and a strong bactericidal activity against these strains.Conclusions:These results may indicate that combinations between R.coriaria extract and these antibiotics could be useful in fighting emerging drug-resistance P.aeruginosa,which may due to that R.coriaria extract contain natural inhibitors working by different mechanisms or inhibiting efflux pumps.Now we have experiments underway leading to the identification of the active molecules present in R.coriaria.Further,in vivo experiments are needed to confirm pseudomonal protection. | Ghaleb Adwan Bassam Abu-Shanab Kamel Adwan | 2010 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2010，3，4： | 4 |
| 13 | In-vitro antimicrobial activity screening of some ethnoveterinary medicinal plants traditionally used against mastitis,wound and gastrointestinal tract complication in Tigray Region,Ethiopia显示文摘Objective:To screen the antibacterial activity of nine ethnoveterinary plants traditionally used for the treatment of mastitis,wound and gastrointestinal complications.Methods:Hydroalcoholic exctracts of medicinal plants namely,Achyranthes aspera(A.aspera) L.(Family Asparagaceae),Ficus caria(F.caria)(Family Moraceae).Malvi parviflora(M.parviflora)(Family Malvaceae),Vernonia species(V.species) docal name Alakit.Family Asteraceae),Solatium hastifolium(S.hastifolium)(Family Solanaceae),Calpurinia aurea(C.aurea)(Ait) Benth(Family Fabaceae),Nicotiana tabacum(N.tabacum) L.(Family Solanaceae),Ziziphus spina-christi(Z.spina-christi)(Family Rhamnaceae).Croton macroslachys(C.macrostachys)(Family Fuphorhiaceae).were screened against clinical bacterial isolates of veterinary importance from October 2007 to April2009.The antibacterial activity was tested using disc diffusion at two concentrations(200 mg/mL and 100 mg/mL) and broth dilution methods using 70%methanol macerated leal extracts.Results:With the exception ol S.hastifolium all plant extracts exhibited antibacterial activity.Among the medicinal plants tested C.aurea.C.macrostachyus,A.aspera,N.tabacum and vcrnonia species(Alakit) showed the most promising antimicrobial properties.Conclusions:It can be concluded that many of the tested plants have antibacterial activity and supports the traditional usage of the plants for mastitis,wound and gastrointestinal complications treatment.Further studies into their toxicity and phytochemistry is advocated. | Shewit Kalayou Mekonnen Haileselassie Gebremedhin Gebre-egziabher Tsegay Tiku'e Samson Sahle Habtamu Taddele Mussie Ghezu | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2012，2，7： | 3 |
| 14 | Determination of Elements by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry in Medicinal Plants Employed to Alleviate Common Cold Symptoms显示文摘Eleven important medicinal plants generally used by the people of Turkey for the treatment of common cold have been studied for their mineral contents.Eleven minor and major elements(essential,non-essential and toxic)were identified in the Asplenium adiantum-nigrum L.,Althaea officinalis L.,Verbascum phlomoides L.,Euphorbia chamaesyce L.,Zizyphus jujube Miller,Peganum harmala L.,Arum dioscoridis Sm.,Sambucus nigra L.,Piper longum L.,Tussilago farfara L.and Elettaria cardamomum Maton by employing flame atomic absorption and emission spectrometry and electro-thermal atomic absorption spectrometry.Microwave digestion procedure for total concentration was applied under optimized conditions for dissolution of medicinal plants.Plant based biological certified reference materials(CRMs)served as standards for quantification.These elements are found to be present in varying concentrations in the studied plants.The baseline data presented in this work can be used in understanding the role of essential,non-essential and toxic elements in nutritive,preventive and therapeutic properties of medicinal plants. | F Zehra Kücükbay Ebru Kuyumcu | 2014 | 光谱学与光谱分析2014，34，9： | 2 |
| 15 | Ethnopharmacological Survey of Medicinal Plants in Baotou,Inner Mongolia,China显示文摘Objective To document the knowledge and the use of indigenous medicinal plants by traditional healers in Baotou,Inner Mongolia,China.Methods Data were collected from 112 randomly-selected interviewees using semistructured interviews in wild herbal plant collected from 2007 to 2010.The data from the interviewees were analyzed with two quantitative tools.With the informant consensus factor,the information homology was evaluated and with the fidelity level the most important species from the categories were found.Results One hundred and fifty-two species belonging to 112 genera in 48 families with medicinal values were recorded.The reported medicinal plants species were used to treat 63 kinds of diseases.And the medicinal plants in this district possessed significant potentials for their pharmacological activities in the context of ethnopharmacological knowledge,especially in the treatments of gastrointestinal,dermatological,and cardiovascular diseases.Conclusion In this work,152 medicinal plants with their ethnopharmacological information are reported.This study demonstrates that many species play an important role in healing practices among inhabitants from Baotou.More ethnopharmacological information of Mongolian medicinal plants should be gathered and documented in further studies,which is a fundamental step toward developing efficacious natural drugs for various diseases. | Min-hui LI Yue LIU Zhen-wang WANG Zhan-hu CUI Lu-qi HUANG Pei-gen XIAO | 2012 | Chinese Herbal Medicines2012，4，4： | 2 |
| 16 | In vitro antiplasmodial effect of ethanolic extracts of coastal medicinal plants along Palk Strait against Plasmodium falciparum显示文摘Objective:To identify the possible anliplasmodial compounds from Achyranlhes aspera(A. aspera).Acalypha indica(A.indica),Jatropha glandulifera(J.glanduUfera)and Phyllanlhus amarus(P.amarus).Methods:The A.aspera,A.indica,J.glandulifera and P.ainarus were collected along Palk Strait and the extraction was carried out in ethanol.The filter sterilized extracts(100,50,25,12.5,6.25 and 3.125μg/mL) of leaf,stem,root and flower extracts of A aspera,A. indica,J.glandulifera and P.amarus were tested for anliplasmodial activity against Plasnuxlium falciparum.The potential extracts were also tested for their phytochemical constituents.Results: Of the selected plants species parts,the stem extract of A.indica showed excellent antiplasmodial activity(IC_(50)=43.81μg/mL) followed by stem extract of J.glandulifera(IC_(50)= 49.14μg/mL).The stem extract of A.aspera,leaf and root extracts of A.indka,leaf,root and seed extracts of J. glanduUfera and leaf and stem extracts of P.amarus showed IC_(50),values between 50 and 100 μg/ mL.Statistical analysis revealed that,significant antiplasmodial activity(P<0.0l) was observed between the concentrations and time of exposure.The chemical injury to erythrocytes was also carried out and it showed that there were no morphological changes in erythrocytes by the elhanolic extract of all the tested plant extracts.The in vitro antiplasmodial activity might be due to the presence of alkaloids,glycosides,flavonoids.phenols,saponins,triterpenoids,proteins, and lannins in the elhanolic extracts of tested plants.Conclusions:The elhanolic stem extracts of P.amarus and J.glandulifera possess lead compounds for the development of antiplasmodial drugs. | Samuel Jacob Inbaneson Sundaram Ravikumar Palavesam Suganthi | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2012，2，5： | 2 |
| 17 | In vitro evaluation of free radical scavenging activity of Codariocalyx motorius root extract显示文摘Objective:To determine the phenolic content in Codariocalyx motorius root extract and to evaluate its antioxidant properties using various in vitro assay systems.Methods:The antioxidant activity was evaluated based on scavenging of 1,1—diphenyl—2—picrylhydrazyl,hydroxyl radicals,superoxide anions,nitric oxide,hydrogen peroxide,peroxvnilrile,reducing power and by inhibition oi lipid peroxidation which was estimated in terms of thiohurhituric acid reactive substances.Results:The root extract of the Codariocalyx motorius(C.motorius) exhibited potent total antioxidant activity that increased with increasing amount of extract concentration,which was compared with standard drug such as quercetin.butylaled hvdroxvloluene.tocopherol at different concentrations.The different concentrations of the extracts showed inhibition on lipid peroxidation.In addition,the extracts had effective reducing power,free radical scavenging, super oxide anion scavenging,nitric oxide scavenging,lipid peroxidation,and total phenolic content depending on concentration.High correlation between total phenolic contents and scavenging potential of different reactive oxygen species(r^2=0.83 1 -0.978) indicated the polyphenols as the main antioxidants.Conclusions:Codariocalyx motorius(C.motorius) root possess the highly active antioxidant substance which can be used for the treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases. | Uma Chidambaram Vanitha Pachamuthu Suganya Natarajan Bhakkiyalakshmi Elango Suriyanarayanan Kunga Mohan Ramkumar | 2013 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2013，6，3： | 2 |
| 18 | Antiinflammatory activity of the methanolic extract of the seeds of Carica papaya in experimental animals显示文摘Objective:To scientifically verify the claims of our traditional healers on the anti-inflammatory activity of Carica papaya(C.papaya) and possibly deduce its activities.Methods:0.1 mL of fresh egg albumin was injected into the right hind-paw of adult white Wistar rats to induce inflammation an hour post intraperitoneal(IP) administration of 50-200 mg/kg doses of the extract to 3 groups of 5 rats per group.The 4th group of 5 rats was used as negative control and received 2 mL/kg(IP) of physiological saline,while the 5th group of 5 rats was used as positive-comparative control and received(IP) 150 mg/kg of aspirin.Increases in diameter of the paw were measured with the aid of Veneer Calipers before extract administration and at interval of 30 minutes post administration for further 2 hours.Percentage inhibition of oedema was calculated for each dose group and results were subjected to statistical analysis using student /-test and analysis of variance(ANOVA).Results:All doses of extract showed a dose and time dependent inhibition effects of oedema(P<0.05).Conclusions:This work is at present though limited to animals,the anti-inflammatory activity of the seeds of C.papaya is perhaps proven. | Amazu LU Azikiwe CCA Njoku CJ Osuala FN Nwosu PJC Ajugwo AO Enye JC | 2010 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2010，3，11： | 2 |
| 19 | Therapeutic and biological activities of Calotropis procera(Ait.) R.Br.显示文摘Medicinal plants have been used to treat various ailments of the poor population around the world;hence the interest among researchers to know the active ingredients of certain plants has being increased.The Calotropis procera(C.procera) is a plant original from Africa,commonly found in northeastern Brazil.It is well known for their pharmacological properties,since it produces large amounts of latex.The important role that medicinal plants play in folk medicine has led us to develop this article in order to review the major pharmacological activities of C. procera. | Marcia Calheiros Chaves Silva Antonio Batista da Silva Fabiano Moura Teixeira Paulo Cesar Pereira de Sousa Regina Maria Macedo Rondon Jose Eduardo Ribeiro Honorio Junior Luiz Rafael Leite Sampaio Samanda Lima Oliveira Angela Nadyla Martins Holonda Silvania Maria Mendes de Vasconcelos | 2010 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2010，3，4： | 2 |
| 20 | Antihyperlipidemic activity of the medicinal plants among Kadazan and Dusun communities in Sabah,Malaysia:a review显示文摘Sabah is one of the 13 states within the Federation of Malaysia and is located in the northernmost part of Borneo.It is the second largest state in Malaysia with a landmass of approximately 7.4million hectares.The total forested area is 4.7 million hectares.Sabah,being part of Borneo,is rich in plant biodiversity.There is also an abundance of medicinal plants and other plants for everyday use.There is a great awarness regarding association between low density lipoprotein reduction and decreased cardiovascular disease mortality.The antihyperlipidaemic activity of herbs plays an important role in the reduction of cardiovascular diseases,which is the top disease that causes mortality all over the world.Lipid-lowering activity of medicinal plant for phytomedicine research and drug development for such a disease are now focused all over the world.A plant-based diet rich in fruit,vegetables,and legumes and low in saturated fat is an effective prescription for anyone with more severe atherosclerosis.Howerver,there are few herbs available that provide some protection for persons with the above disease.The antihyperlipidaemia property in plant plays a vital role to reduce atherosclerosis.Thus,there is an increasing search for the lipid lowering agents from natural origin.In this review an attempt has been made to give an overview of the antihyperlipidemic activity in traditional medicinal plants found widely in Kadazan and Dusun communities in Sabah,Malaysia.The antihyperlipidemic activity of the traditional medicinal plants in these communities is more helpful for the development of new drugs used in the protection against dyslipidemia or atherosclerosis. | Khaled Mohamed Mohamed Koriem | 2014 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2014，4，10： | 2 |
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