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| 1 | 产前唐氏综合征筛查概论显示文摘 | 戚庆炜 孙念怙 | 2008 | 实用妇产科杂志2008，24，1： | 73 |
| 2 | GPS-constrained inversion of present-day slip rates along major faults of the Sichuan-Yunnan region, China显示文摘A linked-fault-element model is employed to invert for contemporary slip rates along major active faults in the Sichuan-Yunnan region (96°-108°E, 21°-35°N) using the least squares method. The model is based on known fault geometry, and constrained by a GPS-derived horizontal velocity field. Our results support a model attributing the eastward extrusion of the Tibetan Plateau driven mainly by the north-northeastward indentation of the Indian plate into Tibet and the gravitational collapse of the plateau. Resisted by a relatively stable south China block, materials of the Sichuan-Yunnan region rotate clockwise around the eastern Himalayan tectonic syntaxis. During the process the Garzê-Yushu, Xianshuihe, Anninghe, Zemuhe, Daliangshan, and Xiaojiang faults, the southwest extension of the Xiaojiang fault, and the Daluo-Jinghong and Mae Chan faults constitute the northeast and east boundaries of the eastward extrusion, with their left slip rates being 0.3-14.7, 8.9-17.1, 5.1 ± 2.5, 2.8 ± 2.3, 7.1 ± 2.1, 9.4 ± 1.2, 10.1 ± 2.0, 7.3 ± 2.6, and 4.9 ± 3.0 mm/a respectively. The southwestern boundary consists of a widely distributed dextral transpressional zone other than a single fault. Right slip rates of 4.2 ± 1.3, 4.3 ± 1.1, and 8.5 ± 1.7 mm/a are detected across the Nanhua-Chuxiong-Jianshui, Wuliangshan, and Longling-Lancang faults. Crustal deformation across the Longmenshan fault is weak, with short-ening rates of 1.4 ± 1.0 and 1.6 ± 1.3 mm/a across the Baoxing-Beichuan and Beichuan-Qingchuan segments. Northwest of the Longmenshan fault lies an active deformation zone (the Longriba fault) with 5.1±1.2 mm/a right slip across. Relatively large slip rates are detected across a few faults within the Sichuan-Yunnan block: 4.4±1.3 mm/a left slip and 2.7±1.1 mm/a shortening across the Litang fault, and 2.7±2.3 mm/a right-lateral shearing and 6.7±2.3 mm/a shortening across the Yunongxi fault and its surrounding regions. In conclusion, we find that the Sichuan-Yunnan region is divided into more than a dozen active micro-blocks by a large number of faults with relatively slow slip rates. The eastward extrusion of the Tibetan Plateau is absorbed and adjusted in the region mainly by these faults, other than a small number of large strike-slip faults with fast slip rates. | WANG YanZhao WANG EnNing SHEN ZhengKang WANG Min GAN WeiJun QIAO XueJun MENG GuoJie LI TieMing TAO Wei YANG YongLin CHENG Jia LI Peng | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，9： | 65 |
| 3 | Clinical characteristics and outcome of a cohort of 101 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘AIM To conduct a cohort study of 101 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presenting to a tertiary care medical referral center in Germany between 1997 and 1999.METHODS AND RESULTS Data were retrospectively analyzed by chart review. In 95cases (72 males and 23 females) sufficient data were available for analysis. Twenty-five (29%)of 8.5 patients were HBsAg or anti-HBc positive,21/85 (25%) were anti-HCV positive, and 6/85(7%) were positive for both HBV and HCV-markers. Age was significantly lower in HBV-positive patients than in the other two groups.Thirty-one (34%) of 90 patients had histories of alcohol abuse, In 79/ 94 (84%) patients,cirrhosis was diagnosed. Of these cirrhotic patients, 29/79 (37%) belonged to Child-Pugh's group (CHILD) A, 32/79 (40%) to CHILD B, and 18/79 (23%) to CHILD C. AFP was elevated in 61/91 (67%) patients. A single tumor nodule was found in 38/94 (40%), more than one nodule in 31/94 (34%), and 25/94 (26%) had a diffusely infiltrating tumor, i.e. the tumor margins could not be seen on imaging procedures. Portal vein thrombosis was present in 19/ 94 (20%).Imaging data consistent with lymph node metastases were found in 10/92 (11%), while distant metastases were found in 8/93 (9%).According to Okuda 28/94 (30%) were grouped to stage Ⅰ, 53/94 (56%) were grouped to stage Ⅱ, and 13/94 (14%) were grouped to stage Ⅲ.Survival data were available for 83 patients. The Kaplan-Meier estimate for median survival was 8.4 months. Factors influencing survival were the Okuda score, the presence of portal vein thrombosis, and the presence of ascites. The presence of non-complicated liver cirrhosis by itself, distant metastases, or infection with hepatitis viruses did not influence survival. AFP positivity by itself did not influence survival,though patients with an AFP value greater than 100μg/L did experience shortened survival.Treatment besides tamoxifen or supportive care was associated with prolonged survival. The influence of therapy on survival was most pronounced in Okuda stage Ⅱ patients. There was longer survival in those Okuda stage Ⅱpatients who were treated with percutaneous ethanol injection.CONCLUSION Even in a Iow incidence area such as Germany, the majority of HCC is caused by viral hepatitis and therefore potentially preventable. Reflecting the high proportion of advanced stage tumors in our patients, the median survival was poor. Patients who received active therapy had a longer survival. | Christian Rabe Tillmann Pilz Christoph Klostermann Marc Berna Hans H.Schild Tilman Sauerbruch Wolfgang H.Caselmann | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，2： | 60 |
| 4 | Cardiac autonomic neuropathy in patients with diabetes mellitus显示文摘Cardiac autonomic neuropathy(CAN)is an often overlooked and common complication of diabetes mellitus.CAN is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.The pathogenesis of CAN is complex and involves a cascade of pathways activated by hyperglycaemia resulting in neuronal ischaemia and cellular death.In addition,autoimmune and genetic factors are involved in the development of CAN.CAN might be subclinical for several years until the patient develops resting tachycardia,exercise intolerance,postural hypotension,cardiac dysfunction and diabetic cardiomyopathy.During its sub-clinical phase,heart rate variability that is influenced by the balance between parasympathetic and sympathetic tones can help in detecting CAN before the disease is symptomatic.Newer imaging techniques(such as scintigraphy)have allowed earlier detection of CAN in the pre-clinical phase and allowed better assessment of the sympathetic nervous system.One of the main difficulties in CAN research is the lack of a universally accepted definition of CAN;however,the Toronto Consensus Panel on Diabetic Neuropathy has recently issued guidance for the diagnosis and staging of CAN,and also proposed screening for CAN in patients with diabetes mellitus.A major challenge,however,is the lack of specific treatment to slow the progression or prevent the development of CAN.Lifestyle changes,improved metabolic control might prevent or slow the progression of CAN.Reversal will require combination of these treatments with new targeted therapeutic approaches.The aim of this article is to review the latest evidence regarding the epidemiology,pathogenesis,manifestations,diagnosis and treatment for CAN. | Gerasimos Dimitropoulos Abd A Tahrani Martin J Stevens | 2014 | World Journal of Diabetes2014，5，1： | 48 |
| 5 | Discovery of the Longriba Fault Zone in Eastern Bayan Har Block, China and its tectonic implication显示文摘Re-measured GPS data have recently revealed that a broad NE trending dextral shear zone exists in the eastern Bayan Har block about 200 km northwest of the Longmenshan thrust on the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The strain rate along this shear zone may reach up to 4-6 mm/a. Our interpretation of satellite images and field observations indicate that this dextral shear zone corresponds to a newly generated NE trending Longriba fault zone that has been ignored before. The northeast segment of the Longriba fault zone consists of two subparallel N54°±5°E trending branch faults about 30 km apart, and late Quaternary offset landforms are well developed along the strands of these two branch faults. The northern branch fault, the Longriqu fault, has relatively large reverse component, while the southern branch fault, the Maoergai fault, is a pure right-lateral strike slip fault. According to vector synthesizing principle, the average right-lateral strike slip rate along the Longriba fault zone in the late Quaternary is calculated to be 5.4±2.0 mm/a, the vertical slip rate to be 0.7 mm/a, and the rate of crustal shortening to be 0.55 mm/a. The discovery of the Longriba fault zone may provide a new insight into the tectonics and dynamics of the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Taken the Longriba fault zone as a boundary, the Bayan Har block is divided into two sub-blocks: the Ahba sub-block in the west and the Longmenshan sub-block in the east. The shortening and uplifting of the Longmenshan sub-block as a whole reflects that both the Longmenshan thrust and Longriba fault zone are subordinated to a back propagated nappe tectonic system that was formed during the southeastward motion of the Bayan Har block owing to intense resistance of the South China block. This nappe tectonic system has become a boundary tectonic type of an active block supporting crustal deformation along the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from late Cenozoic till now. The Longriba fault zone is just an active fault zone newly-generated in late Quaternary along this tectonic system. | XU XiWei WEN XueZe CHEN GuiHua YU GuiHua | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，9： | 46 |
| 6 | 当前产科的形势和任务显示文摘 | 戴钟英 董悦 段涛 | 2005 | 中华妇产科杂志2005，40，11： | 38 |
| 7 | Endoscopic resection techniques for colorectal neoplasia:Current developments显示文摘Endoscopic polypectomy and endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR) are the established treatment standards for colorectal polyps. Current research aims at the reduction of both complication and recurrence rates as well as on shortening procedure times. Cold snare resection is the emerging standard for the treatment of smaller(< 5 mm) polyps and is possibly also suitable for the removal of noncancerous polyps up to 9 mm. The method avoids thermal damage, has reduced procedure times and probably also a lower risk for delayed bleeding. On the other end of the treatment spectrum, endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)offers en bloc resection of larger flat or sessile lesions. The technique has obvious advantages in the treatment of high-grade dysplasia and early cancer. Due to its minimal recurrence rate, it may also be an alternative to fractionated EMR of larger flat or sessile lesions. However, ESD is technically demanding and burdened by longer procedure times and higher costs. It should therefore be restricted to lesions suspicious for high-grade dysplasia or early invasive cancer.The latest addition to endoscopic resection techniques is endoscopic fullthickness resection with specifically developed devices for flexible endoscopy.This method is very useful for the treatment of smaller difficult-to-resect lesions,e.g., recurrence with scar formation after previous endoscopic resections. | Franz Ludwig Dumoulin Ralf Hildenbrand | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，3： | 35 |
| 8 | Clinical observations on the treatment of prolapsing hemorrhoids with tissue selecting therapy显示文摘AIM:To compare the effects and postoperative complications between tissue selecting therapy stapler(TST)and Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoidectomy(M-M).METHODS:Four hundred and eighty patients with severe prolapsing hemorrhoids,who were admitted to the Shenyang Coloproctology Hospital between 2009and 2012,were randomly divided into observation(n=240)and control(n=240)groups.Hemorrhoidectomies were performed with TST in the observation group and with the M-M technique in the control group.The therapeutic effects,operation security,and postoperative complications in the two groups were compared.The immediate and long-term complications were assessed according to corresponding criteria.Pain was assessed on a visual analogue scale.The efficacy was assessed by specialized criteria.The follow-up was conducted one year after the operation.RESULTS:The total effective rates of the observation and control groups were 99.5%(217/218)and 98.6%(218/221)respectively;the difference was not statistically significant(P=0.322).Their were significant differences between observation and control groups in intraoperative blood loss(5.07±1.14 vs 2.45±0.57,P=0.000),pain(12 h after the surgery:5.08±1.62 vs 7.19±2.01,P=0.000;at first dressing change:2.64±0.87 vs 4.34±1.15,P=0.000;first defecation:3.91±1.47 vs 5.63±1.98,P=0.001),urine retention(n=22 vs n=47,P=0.001),anal pendant expansion after the surgery(2.35±0.56 vs 5.16±1.42,P=0.000),operation time(18.3±5.6 min vs 29.5±8.2 min,P=0.000),and the length of hospital stay(5.3±0.6 d vs 11.4±1.8 d,P=0.000).Moreover TST showed significant reductions compared to M-M in the rates of long-term complications such as fecal incontinence(n=3 vs n=16,P=0.003),difficult bowel movement(n=1 vs n=9,P=0.011),intractable pain(n=2 vs n=12,P=0.007),and anal discharge(n=3 vs n=23,P=0.000).CONCLUSION:TST for severe prolapsing hemorrhoids is a satisfactory technique for more rapid recovery,lower complication rates,and higher operation security. | Zhi-Gang Wang Yong Zhang Xian-Dong Zeng Tie-Hui Zhang Qi-Dong Zhu De-Long Liu Yun-Yu Qiao Nan Mu Zhi-Tao Yin | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，8： | 33 |
| 9 | Constructal entransy dissipation rate and flow-resistance minimizations for cooling channels显示文摘Based on constructal theory,a construct of a volume that generates heat at every point and is cooled by the coolant in the constant or tapered channel is optimized by minimizing entransy dissipation rate and flow resistance.The optimal constructs of the rectangular elements with dimensionless mean thermal resistance minimization as well as the first-,secondand thirdorder assemblies with dimensionless global flow resistance minimizations are obtained respectively.The results show that both the mean temperature difference and the limiting temperature difference of rectangular elements based on EDR (entransy dissipation rate) and MTD (maximum temperature difference) minimizations respectively are almost equal.Comparing heat transfer performances from the two optimization procedures,the dimensionless global flow resistance is decreased more for the former procedure when the assembly’s order is high.It may create great superiority for constructal optimization to combine the entransy dissipation extreme principle with heat convection. | XIAO QingHua,CHEN LinGen & SUN FengRui Postgraduate School,Naval University of Engineering,Wuhan 430033,China | 2010 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2010，53，9： | 27 |
| 10 | MODERN SEDIMENTATION RATES AND SEDIMENTATION FEATURE IN THE HUANGHE RIVER ESTUARY BASED ON ^(210)Pb TECHNIQUE显示文摘Based on Pb technique, sedimentation rates of 11 cores collected from the Huanghe River estuary were determined. CaCO3 distribution of 4 cores chosen from among these was measured. Profiles of 210Pb in the cores showed that the distribution of 210Pb activity decayed with depth, appeared in stages and in more than one segment. The sedimentation rates,210Pb and CaCO3 data have similar distribution trend in the 4 cores. Jhe profiles of Pb and CaCO3 were used to study sedimentation in -tensity, transportation trend of material and sedimentation features in the coring area. | 李凤业 | 1993 | Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology1993，11，4： | 27 |
| 11 | RECENT ADVANCES IN HYDRATE-BASED TECHNOLOGIES FOR NATURAL GAS STORAGE——A REVIEW显示文摘Interest in the possibility of storing and transporting natural gas in the form of clathrate hydrates has been increasing in recent years, particularly in some gas-importing and exporting countries.The technologies necessary for realizing this possibility may be classified into those relevant to the four serial processes (a) the formation of a hydrate, (b) the processing (dewatering, pelletizing, etc. ) of the formed hydrate, (c) the storage and transportation of the processed hydrate, and (d) the regasification (dissociation) of the hydrate. The technological development of any of these processes is still at an early stage. For hydrate formation, for example, various rival operations have been proposed. However,many of them have never been subjected to actual tests for practical use. More efforts are required for examining the different hydrate-formation technologies and for rating them by comparison. The general design of the processing of the formed hydrate inevitably depends on both the hydrate-formation process and the storage/transportation process, hence it has a wide variability. The major uncertainty in the storage-process design lies in the as-yet unclarified utility of the 'self-preservation' effect of the naturalgas hydrates. The process design as well as the relevant cost evaluation should strongly depend on whether the hydrates are well preserved at atmospheric pressure in large-scale storage facilities. The regasification process has been studied less extensively than the former processes. The state of the art of the technological development in each of the serial processes is reviewed, placing emphasis on the hydrate formation process. | Yasuhiko H.Mori | 2003 | 化工学报2003，54，z1： | 25 |
| 12 | Bridging and downstaging treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients on the waiting list for liver transplantation显示文摘Several therapeutic procedures have been proposed as bridging treatments for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)awaiting liver transplantation(LT).The most used treatments include transarterial chemoembolization and radiofrequency ablation.Surgical resection has also been successfully used as a bridging procedure,and LT should be considered a rescue treatment in patients with previous HCC resection who experience tumor recurrence or post-treatment severe decompensation of liver function.The aims of bridging treatments include decreasing the waiting list dropout rate before transplantation,reducing HCC recurrence after transplantation,and improving post-transplant overall survival.To date,no data from prospective randomized studies are available;however,for HCC patients listed for LT within the Milan criteria,prolonging the waiting time over 6-12 mo is a risk factor for tumor spread.Bridging treatments are useful in containing tumor progression and decreasing dropout.Furthermore,the response to pre-LT treatments may represent a surrogate marker of tumor biological aggressiveness and could therefore be evaluated to prioritize HCC candidates for LT.Lastly,although a definitive conclusion can not be reached,the experiences reported to date suggest a positive impact of these treatments on both tumor recurrence and post-transplant patient survival.Advanced HCC may be downstaged to achieve and maintain the current conventional criteria for inclusion in the waiting list for LT.Recent studies have demonstrated that successfully downstaged patients can achieve a 5-year survival rate comparable to that of patients meeting the conventional criteria without requiring downstaging. | Maurizio Pompili Giampiero Francica Francesca Romana Ponziani Roberto Iezzi Alfonso Wolfango Avolio | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，43： | 24 |
| 13 | Serum levels of homocysteine and circulating antioxidants associated with heart rate variability in patients with unstable angina pectoris显示文摘To the Editor:Autonomic dysfunction is an important factor in the pathogenesis of unstable angina pectoris (UAP).It affects coronary artery systolic function,induces coronary spasm,aggravates myocardial ischemia,reduces ventricular fibrillation threshold,and increases the incidence of sudden cardiac death in UAP. | Yong-Cheng Wang Du-Fang Ma Ping Jiang Jin-Long Yang Yi-Mei Zhang Xiao Li | 2019 | Chinese Medical Journal2019，，1： | 23 |
| 14 | Diabetes and cardiac autonomic neuropathy: Clinical manifestations, cardiovascular consequences, diagnosis and treatment显示文摘Cardiac autonomic neuropathy(CAN) is a frequent chronic complication of diabetes mellitus with potentially life-threatening outcomes. CAN is caused by the impairment of the autonomic nerve fibers regulating heart rate, cardiac output, myocardial contractility, cardiac electrophysiology and blood vessel constriction anddilatation. It causes a wide range of cardiac disorders, including resting tachycardia, arrhythmias, intraoperative cardiovascular instability, asymptomatic myocardial ischemia and infarction and increased rate of mortality after myocardial infarction. Etiological factors associated with autonomic neuropathy include insufficient glycemic control, a longer period since the onset of diabetes, increased age, female sex and greater body mass index. The most commonly used methods for the diagnosis of CAN are based upon the assessment of heart rate variability(the physiological variation in the time interval between heartbeats), as it is one of the first findings in both clinically asymptomatic and symptomatic patients. Clinical symptoms associated with CAN generally occur late in the disease process and include early fatigue and exhaustion during exercise, orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, presyncope and syncope. Treatment is based on early diagnosis, life style changes, optimization of glycemic control and management of cardiovascular risk factors. Medical therapies, including aldose reductase inhibitors, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, prostoglandin analogs and alpha-lipoic acid, have been found to be effective in randomized controlled trials. The following article includes the epidemiology, clinical findings and cardiovascular consequences, diagnosis, and approaches to prevention and treatment of CAN. | Akif Serhat Balc?o?lu Haldun Müderriso?lu | 2015 | World Journal of Diabetes2015，6，1： | 22 |
| 15 | The Property of Solution of a Nonstationary Forest Evolution System | WANG Dingjiang Department of Mathematics, Pingdingshan Teacher’s College, He’nan 467000ZHANG Yufeng Department of Mathematics, Yanbian Teacher’s College, Jilin 133000 | 1993 | Systems Science and Systems Engineering1993，3，3： | 23 |
| 16 | Combined APACH Ⅱ score and arterial blood lactate clearance rate to predict the prognosis of ARDS patients显示文摘Objective:To explore the easily applicable indicators of practical value to evaluate the prognosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS).Methods:Blood and biochemical tests and bloodgas analyses were performed upon entry into the ICUs,12 h,24 h,48 h and 72 h after that in 72 ARDS patients(who were admitted to the ICUs of our hospital from January 2000 to December 2009).Then APACHEⅡscores were achieved by combining relevant physiological parameters and laboratory results.Results:There was a statistical difference between the death group and survival group at different time points upon entering the ICUs in terms of APACHEⅡscore, alveolar-arterial oxygen difference and arterial blood lactate clearance rate.PaO2/FiO2 values were recorded to be statistically different between the death group and survival group 24 h,48 h and 72 h,respectively after entry into the ICUs.In addition,registered linear regression existed between APACHEⅡscore,alveolar-arterial oxygen difference or PaO2/FiO2 value and time. APACHEⅡscore 24 h and 72 h after entering ICUs predicted mortality with an area under the ROC curve(AUC) standing respectively at 0.919 and 0.9SS.Arterial blood lactate clearance rate 12 h, 24 h,48 h and 72 h after entering ICUs predicted mortality with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) at 0.918,0.918,0.909 and 0.991,respectively.Conclusions:APACHEⅡscore applied in combination with arterial blood lactate clearance rate is of clinical significance in assessing the prognosis of ARDS patients. | Wen-Hui Wu Yuan-Yuan Niu Chang-Ran Zhang Long-Bin Xiao Hui-Shao Ye De-Mao Pan Mian Zeng | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2012，5，8： | 21 |
| 17 | Changed clinical aspects of primary liver cancer in China during the past 30 years显示文摘BACKGROUND: Primary liver cancer (PLC) is one of the most frequently seen tumors in China. Thirty years ago, patients with PLC were often detected at relatively late stage, with a palpable mass or marked clinical symptoms and poor prognosis. In the past 30 years, the diagnosis and treatment of PLC have been greatly improved with better prognosis. METHODS: In order to study the changes of PLC during the 30 years, the clinical data of 3250 patients with PLC from 10 medical institutions of China were collected, ana- lyzed , and compared with those of 3254 PLC patients be- fore the 30 years. RESULTS: In the 3250 patients aged 1-80 years, with an average age of 49.1 years, the male to female ratio (2.3:1) was lower than that before the 30 years. 73.5% of the 3250 patients sought medical advice within 3 months after the onset of the disease in contrast to 63.8% before the 30 years. Compared with those patients before the 30 years the symptoms and signs were alleviated generally. The HBsAg positive rate was 81.0%, but the HCV-Ab positive rate was 13.2%. The AFP level in 75% of patients was elevated, but in the remaining 25% was normal. 1912 patients (58.8%) were confirmed pathologically. Among them 1755 patients (91.8%) had hepatocellular carcinoma. The overall resec- tion rate was 46.3%. Those who had early, middle, late stage carcinoma accounted for 29.9%, 51.5%, and 18.6%respectively in contrast to 0.4%, 47.0%, and 52.6% repor- ted before the 30 years. The 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates of the patients were 66.1%, 39.7%, and 32.5% respectively, whereas 93.5%, 70.1%, and 59.1% for the early stage pa- tients, and 65.3%, 30.5%, and 23.5% for the middle stage patients. The half and 1-year survival rates of the late stage patients were 52.5%, and 14.7%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Comparison with the clinical data before and after the 30 years show that PLC can be diagnosed ear- ly. More PLC patients tend to undergo resection while re- ceiving a better conservative treatment, which ensures a prognosis. | Bing-Hui Yang, Jing-Lin Xia, Li-Wen Huang, Zhao-You Tang, Ming-Shan Chen, Jin-Qing Li, An-Min Liang, Qin-Guo Mo, Hui-Shan Lu, Chao-Liu Dai, Lu-Nan Yan, Zhi-Jian Yu, Rong-Sheng Rao, Le-Qun Li, Zhi-Xiong Su, Zhuang-Wei Fang Shanghai, China Liver Cancer Institute & Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China Tumor Hospital, Zhongshan University, Guangzhou 510000, China Tumor Hospital, Guangxi Medical Universi- ty, Nanning 530000, China Xiehe Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350000, China Second Hos- pital, Chinese Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China Huaxi Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China Hospital Affiliated to Nantong Medical University, Nantong 226000 , China Second Hospital, Jiangxi Medical University, Nanchang 330000 , China First Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530000 , China People’s Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou 570000, China | 2004 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2004，3，2： | 20 |
| 18 | 外伤性脑内血肿扩大与血肿形态不规则度的研究显示文摘目的 研究脑外伤后血肿扩大的发生率和时程及血肿形态不规则度(irregularrate,IR)与血肿扩大的关系。 方法 对164例外伤性幕上脑内血肿患者于发病72, 120h内分别行颅脑CT扫描,比较两次血肿体积(V1 和V2 )变化情况,并分析血肿形态不规则度与血肿扩大(V2-V1 )的关系。 结果 脑外伤后有70例( 42. 7% )确认有血肿扩大,根据受试者工作特征曲线(receiveroperatingcharacteristiccurves, ROC)分析得出外伤性脑内血肿扩大的CT扫描标准是血肿增大≥1. 45倍。经相关分析,血肿形态的不规则度与血肿扩大量(V2 -V1 )显著正相关(r=0. 857,P<0. 01)。 结论 脑外伤后血肿扩大的发生率较高,可根据血肿形态不规则度判断血肿扩大的可能性,以便及时复查CT,并采取积极的治疗措施。 | 姚瑜 胡未伟 刘伟国 周佳音 沈宏 杨小锋 | 2005 | 中华创伤杂志2005，21，4： | 20 |
| 19 | Optimal performance of a generalized irreversible four-reservoir isothermal chemical potential transformer显示文摘A new cyclic model of a four-reservoir isothermal chemical potential transformer with irreversible mass transfer, mass leakage and internal dissipation is put forward in this paper. The optimal relation be-tween the coefficient of performance (COP) and the rate of energy pumping of the generalized irre-versible four-reservoir isothermal chemical potential transformer has been derived by using finite-time thermodynamics or thermodynamic optimization. The maximum COP and the corresponding rate of energy pumping, as well as the maximum rate of energy pumping and the corresponding COP, have been obtained. Moreover, the influences of the irreversibility on the optimal performance of the iso-thermal chemical potential transformer have been revealed. It was found that the mass leakage affects the optimal performance both qualitatively and quantitatively, while the internal dissipation affects the optimal performance quantitatively. The results obtained herein can provide some new theoretical guidelines for the optimal design and development of a class of isothermal chemical potential trans-formers, such as mass exchangers, electrochemical, photochemical and solid state devices, fuel pumps, etc. | XIA Dan CHEN LinGen SUN FengRui | 2008 | Science China Chemistry2008，51，10： | 20 |
| 20 | Bowel cleansing before colonoscopy:Balancing efficacy,safety,cost and patient tolerance显示文摘Effective colorectal cancer screening relies on reliable colonoscopy findings which are themselves dependent on adequate bowel cleansing. Research has consistently demonstrated that inadequate bowel preparation adversely affects the adenoma detection rate and leads gastroenterologists to recommend earlier follow up than is consistent with published guidelines. Poor preparation affects as many as 30% of colonoscopies and contributes to an increased cost of colonoscopies. Patient tolerability is strongly affected by the preparation chosen and manner in which it is administered. Poor tolerability is,in turn,associated with lower quality bowel preparations. Recently,several new developments in both agents being used for bowel preparation and in the timing of administration have brought endoscopists closer to achieving the goal of effective,reliable,safe,and tolerable regimens. Historically,large volume preparations given in a single dose were administered to patients in order to achieve adequate bowel cleansing. These were poorly tolerated,and the unpleasant taste of and significant side effects produced by these large volume regimens contributed significantly to patients' inability to reliably complete the preparation and to a reluctance to repeat the procedure. Smaller volumes,including preparations that are administered as tablets to be consumed with water,given as split doses have significantly improved both the patient experience and efficacy,and an appreciation of the importance of the preparation to colonoscopy interval have produced additional cleansing. | Nicole M Harrison Michael C Hjelkrem | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2016，8，1： | 19 |
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