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| 1 | Oxidative stress,insulin resistance,dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus显示文摘Oxidative stress is increased in metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) and this appears to underlie the development of cardiovascular disease,T2 DM and diabetic complications.Increased oxidative stress appears to be a deleterious factor leading toinsulin resistance,dyslipidemia,β-cell dysfunction,impaired glucose tolerance and ultimately leading to T2 DM.Chronic oxidative stress,hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia are particularly dangerous for β-cells from lowest levels of antioxidant,have high oxidative energy requirements,decrease the gene expression of key β-cell genes and induce cell death.If β-cell functioning is impaired,it results in an under production of insulin,impairs glucose stimulated insulin secretion,fasting hyperglycemia and eventually the development of T2 DM. | Surapon Tangvarasittichai | 2015 | World Journal of Diabetes2015，6，3： | 95 |
| 2 | Recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of acute myocardial infarction显示文摘The Third Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction(MI) requires cardiac myocyte necrosis with an increase and/or a decrease in a patient's plasma of cardiac troponin(cT n) with at least one cT n measurement greater than the 99 th percentile of the upper normal reference limit during:(1) symptoms of myocardialischemia;(2) new significant electrocardiogram(ECG) ST-segment/T-wave changes or left bundle branch block;(3) the development of pathological ECG Q waves;(4) new loss of viable myocardium or regional wall motion abnormality identified by an imaging procedure; or(5) identification of intracoronary thrombus by angiography or autopsy.Myocardial infarction,when diagnosed,is now classified into five types.Detection of a rise and a fall of troponin are essential to the diagnosis of acute MI.However,high sensitivity troponin assays can increase the sensitivity but decrease the specificity of MI diagnosis.The ECG remains a cornerstone in the diagnosis of MI and should be frequently repeated,especially if the initial ECG is not diagnostic of MI.There have been significant advances in adjunctive pharmacotherapy,procedural techniques and stent technology in the treatment of patients with MIs.The routine use of antiplatelet agents such as clopidogrel,prasugrel or ticagrelor,in addition to aspirin,reduces patient morbidity and mortality.Percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) in a timely manner is the primary treatment of patients with acute ST segment elevation MI.Drug eluting coronary stents are safe and beneficial with primary coronary intervention.Treatment with direct thrombin inhibitors during PCI is non-inferior to unfractionated heparin and glycoprotein Ⅱb/Ⅲa receptor antagonists and is associated with a significant reduction in bleeding.The intra-coronary use of a glycoprotein Ⅱb/Ⅲa antagonist can reduce infarct size.Pre- and post-conditioning techniques can provide additional cardioprotection.However,the incidence and mortality due to MI continues to be high despite all these recent advances.The initial ten year experience with autologous human bone marrow mononuclear cells(BMCs) in patients with MI showed modest but significant increases in left ventricular(LV) ejection fraction,decreases in LV endsystolic volume and reductions in MI size.These studies established that the intramyocardial or intracoronary administration of stem cells is safe.However,many of these studies consisted of small numbers of patients who were not randomized to BMCs or placebo.The recent LateT ime,Time,and Swiss Multicenter Trials in patientswith MI did not demonstrate significant improvement in patient LV ejection fraction with BMCs in comparison with placebo.Possible explanations include the early use of PCI in these patients,heterogeneous BMC populations which died prematurely from patients with chronic ischemic disease,red blood cell contamination which decreases BMC renewal,and heparin which decreases BMC migration.In contrast,cardiac stem cells from the right atrial appendage and ventricular septum and apex in the SCIPIO and CADUCEUS Trials appear to reduce patient MI size and increase viable myocardium.Additional clinical studies with cardiac stem cells are in progress. | Koushik Reddy Asma Khaliq Robert J Henning | 2015 | World Journal of Cardiology2015，7，5： | 107 |
| 3 | 西秦岭与埃达克岩和喜马拉雅型花岗岩有关的金铜成矿及找矿问题显示文摘秦岭金矿分布广,目前学术界大多认为分属于造山型和卡林型金矿两类。该区印支期花岗岩发育,大多具有埃达克岩和喜马拉雅型花岗岩(低Sr和Yb)的特点,与金铜矿在时空分布上相关。美国内华达州卡林型金矿是世界级的金矿聚集区,与卡林型金矿有关的第三纪岩浆岩(中酸性火山岩和浅成花岗岩)也具有埃达克岩和喜马拉雅型花岗岩的地球化学特征,暗示内华达卡林型金矿也来源于加厚下地壳的底部。本文讨论了埃达克岩和喜马拉雅型花岗岩有利于成矿的机理,并根据西秦岭金矿与花岗岩分布的关系,提出以夏河-宕昌-两当-凤县为界将西秦岭划分为南北两个成矿区和13个成矿聚集区:北区花岗岩发育,有利于寻找斑岩型、夕卡岩型等热液型金铜矿床;南带侵入岩少而小,有利于寻找远离岩体的金矿(包括卡林型等)。鉴于西秦岭印支期埃达克岩和喜马拉雅型花岗岩发育,金铜尤其是金矿分布多,储量大,且大多与埃达克岩或喜马拉雅型花岗岩有关,可能是中国金矿最具潜力的地区,有利于特大型金铜矿的产出,可能发展成为中国最大的金矿聚集区。为此,建议加强本区花岗岩与金铜成矿关系的研究,革新找矿思路和找矿技术方法,以实现找矿的新突破。 | 张旗 殷先明 殷勇 金惟俊 王元龙 赵彦庆 | 2009 | 岩石学报2009，25，12： | 69 |
| 4 | Estimation on the response of glaciers in China to the global warming in the 21st century显示文摘Glaciers in China can be categorized into 3 types, i.e. the maritime (temperate) type, sub-continental (sub-polar) type and extreme Continental (polar) type, which take 22%, 46% and 32% of the total existing glacier area (59 406 km2) respectively. Researches indicate that glaciers of the three types show different response patterns to the global warming. Since the Maxima of the Little Ice Age (the 17th century), air temperature has risen at a magnitude of 1.3℃on average and the glacier area decreased corresponds to 20% of the present total glacier area in western China. it is estimated that air temperature rise in the 2030s, 2070s and 2100s will be of the order of 0.4-1.2, 1.2-2.7 and 2.1-4.0 K in western China. With these scenarios, glaciers in China will suffer from further shrinkage by 12%, 28% and 45% by the 2030s, 2070s and 2100s. The uncertainties may account for 30%-67% in 2100 in China. | SHI Yafeng & LIU Shiyin Laboratory of Ice Core and Cold Regions Environment, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，7： | 71 |
| 5 | Diabetes mellitus: The epidemic of the century显示文摘The epidemic nature of diabetes mellitus in different regions is reviewed. The Middle East and North Africa region has the highest prevalence of diabetes in adults(10.9%) whereas, the Western Pacific region has the highest number of adults diagnosed with diabetes and has countries with the highest prevalence of diabetes(37.5%). Different classes of diabetes mellitus, type 1, type 2, gestational diabetes and other types of diabetes mellitus are compared in terms of diagnostic criteria, etiology and genetics. The molecular genetics of diabetes received extensive attention in recent years by many prominent investigators and research groups in the biomedical field. A large array of mutations and single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes that play a role in the various steps and pathways involved in glucose metabolism and the development, control and function of pancreatic cells at various levels are reviewed. The major advances in the molecular understanding of diabetes in relation to the different types of diabetes in comparison to the previous understanding in this field are briefly reviewed here. Despite the accumulation of extensive data at the molecular and cellular levels, the mechanism of diabetes development and complications are still not fully understood. Definitely, more extensive research is needed in this field that will eventually reflect on the ultimate objective to improve diagnoses, therapy and minimize the chance of chronic complications development. | Akram T Kharroubi Hisham M Darwish | 2015 | World Journal of Diabetes2015，6，6： | 53 |
| 6 | 手机微信管理模式对初发老年2型糖尿病患者健康管理的效果研究显示文摘目的探讨手机微信管理模式对初发老年2型糖尿病患者健康管理的效果。方法选取2014年1—2月在江西省人民医院内分泌科门诊就诊筛查出的老年初发2型糖尿病患者80例,根据随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组,每组40例。对照组采用门诊常规管理模式,试验组采用手机微信管理模式,均干预6个月。比较两组入组及干预后3、6个月时躯体健康监测指标和糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1c)、血压、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)达标率及低血糖发生率、糖尿病控制状况。结果两组性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况及高血压、高脂血症发生率间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组空腹血糖(FPG)、Hb A1c、BMI间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),不同时间点FPG、Hb A1c、BMI间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),干预方法和时间在FPG、Hb A1c、BMI上存在交互作用(P<0.05);两组餐后2h血糖(2 h PG)、收缩压、舒张压、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、LDL-C间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同时间点2 h PG、收缩压、舒张压、TC、TG、LDL-C间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),干预方法和时间在2 h PG、收缩压、舒张压、TC、TG、LDL-C上存在交互作用(P<0.05)。两组干预前低血糖发生率均为0,两组干预前Hb A1c、血压、LDL-C达标率间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组干预后3个月Hb A1c、血压达标率及低血糖发生率间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而LDL-C达标率间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组干预后6个月Hb A1c、LDL-C达标率间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而血压达标率及低血糖发生率间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组糖尿病及并发症自觉症状得分间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),不同时间点糖尿病及并发症自觉症状得分间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),干预方法和时间在糖尿病及并发症自觉症状得分上存在交互作用(P<0.05);两组生活习惯、治疗情况、生存技能、治疗目标、知识结构得分间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同时间点生活习惯、治疗情况、生存技能、治疗目标、知识结构得分间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),干预方法和时间在生活习惯、治疗情况、生存技能、治疗目标、知识结构得分上存在交互作用(P<0.05)。结论手机微信管理模式对初发老年2型糖尿病患者健康管理效果较好,值得推广。 | 陈志雄 罗来邦 宋薇 邓颖 章玉玲 | 2017 | 中国全科医学2017，20，10： | 53 |
| 7 | Rosenthal type inequalities for asymptotically almost negatively associated random variables and applications显示文摘In this paper, we establish some Rosenthal type inequalities for maximum partial sums of asymptotically almost negatively associated random variables, which extend the corresponding results for negatively associated random variables. As applications of these inequalities, by employing the notions of residual Cesàro α-integrability and strong residual Cesàro α-integrability, we derive some results on Lp convergence where 1 < p < 2 and complete convergence. In addition, we estimate the rate of convergence in Marcinkiewicz-Zygmund strong law for partial sums of identically distributed random variables. | YUAN DeMei AN Jun | 2009 | Science China Mathematics2009，52，9： | 50 |
| 8 | Eosinophilic gastroenteritis:An unusual type of gastroenteritis显示文摘Eosinophilic gastroenteritis(EGE) is a rare disorder characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of the bowel wall with various gastrointestinal manifestations.Till date only 280 cases have been described in the literature.A high index of suspicion,by excluding other causes of peripheral eosinophilia,is a pre requisite for accurate diagnosis.EGE is an uncommon gastrointestinal disease affecting both children and adults.It was first described by Kaijser in 1937.Presentation may vary depending on location as well as depth and extent of bowel wall involvement and usually runs a chronic relapsing course.This condition can respond to low dose steroid therapy,thereby preventing grave complications like ascites and intestinal obstruction that might need surgical intervention.The natural history of EGE has not been well documented.Eosinophilic gastroenteritis is a chronic,waxing and waning condition.Mild and sporadic symptoms can be managed with reassurance and observation,whereas disabling gastrointestinal(GI) symptom flare-ups can often be controlled with oral corticosteroids.When the disease manifests in infancy and specific food sensitization can be identified,the likelihood of disease remission by late childhood is high.GI obstruction is the most common complication.Fatal outcomes are rare. | Sachin B Ingle Chitra R Hinge(Ingle) | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，31： | 47 |
| 9 | 新诊断2型糖尿病患者的短期胰岛素强化治疗意义显示文摘 | 祝群 | 2005 | 中国实用内科杂志2005，25，6： | 48 |
| 10 | Effects of AT1 receptor antagonist,Iosartan,on rat hepatic fibrosis induced by CCl_4显示文摘AIM To investigate effect of losartan,an AT1receptor antagonist,on hepatic fibrosis induced byCCl;and to determine whether or not AT1receptors are expressed on hepatic stellate cells,METHODS AND RESULTS Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing(180±20)g,wererandomized into five groups(control group,modelgroup,and three losartan treated groups),inwhich all rats were given the subcutaneousinjection of 40% CCl4(every 3 days for 6 weeks)except for rats of control group.Rats of losartan-treated groups were treated with losartan(20 mg/kg,10 mg/kg,5 mg/kg,daily gavage),After 6weeks liver tissue and serum samples of all ratswere examined.Serum hyaluronic acid(HA),procollagen typeⅢ(PCⅢ)were detected byradioimmunoassays,van Giesion collagen stainingwas used to evaluate the extracellular matrix of ratswith liver fibrosis.The expression of AT1receptors,transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-β),and alpha-smooth muscle actin(a-SMA)inliver tissue were determined byimmunohistochemical techniques.Compared withmodel group,serum ALT and AST of losartan-treated groups were significantly reduced(t=4.20,P<0.01 and t=4.57,P<0.01).Serum HAand PCⅢalso had significant differences(t=3.53,P<0.01 and t=2.20,P<0.05).Thedegree of fibrosis was improved by losartan and correlated with the expressions of AT1 receptors,TGF-β,and α-SMA in liver tissue.CONCLUSION AT1 receptor antagonist,losartan,could limit the progression of the hepatic fibrosisinduced by CCl4.The mechanism may be related tothe decrease in the expression of AT1 receptorsand TGF-β,ameliorating the injury of hepatocytes;activation of local renin-angiotensin system mightrelate to hepatic fibrosis;and during progressionof fibrosis,activated hepatic stellate cells mightexpress AT1 receptors. | Hong Shan Wei Ding Guo Li Han Ming Lu Yu Tao Zhan Zhi Rong Wang Xin Huang Jing Zhang Ji Lin Cheng Qin Fang Xu Department of Gastroenterology,Xinhua Hospital,Shanghai Second Medical University,Shanghai 200092,China | 2000 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2000，6，4： | 42 |
| 11 | Relationship between phenotypes of cell-function differentiation and pathobiological behavior of gastric carcinomas显示文摘AIM To reveal the correlation between thefunctional differentiation phenotypes of gastriccarcinoma cells and the invasion and metastasisby a new way of cell-function classification.METHODS Surgically resected specimens of361 gastric carcinomas (GC) were investigatedwith enzyme-, mucin-, and tumor-related markerimmunohistochemist ry. According to thedirection of cell-function differentiation,stomach carcinomas were divided into fivefunctionally differentiated types.iation type (AFDT): there were 82 (22.7%)patients including 76 (92.7%) aged 45 years.Sixty-nine (84.1%) cases belonged to theintestinal type. Thirty-eight (46.3%) expressedCD44v6 and 9 (13.6%) of 66 male patientsdeveloped liver metastasis. The 5-year survivalrate of patients in this group (58.5%) was higherMucin secreting function differentiation type(MSFDT): 54 (15%) cases. Fifty-three (98.1%)tumors had penetrated the serosa, 12 (22.2%)expressed ER and 22 (40.7%) expressedCD44v6. The postoperative 5-year survival ratefunction differentiation type (AMPFDT): therewere 180 (49.9%) cases, including 31 (17.2%)aged yanger than 45 years. The tumor was morecommon in women (62, 34.4%,) and expressedmore frequently estrogen receptors (ER) ( 129,81.7%) than other types (P<0.01). Ovarymetastasis was found in 12 (19.4%) out of 62female subjects. The patients with this type GChad the lowest 5-year survival rate (24.7%)differentiation type (SFDT): 13 (3.6%) cases.Nine (69.2%) tumors of this type derived fromAPUD system, the other 4 (30.7%) were ofdifferent histological differentiation. Sixty percent of the patients survived at least five years.(8.9%) cases. Nineteen (59.4%) cases hadlymph node metastases but no one with liver orovary metastasis. The 5-year survival rate was28.1%.CONCLUSION This new cell-functionclassification of GC is helpful in indicating thecharacteristics of invasion and metastasis of GCwith different cell-function differentiationphenotypes. Further study is needed to disclosethe correlation between the cell-functionaldifferentiation phenotypes and the relevantgenotypes and the biological behavior of gastriccarcinoma. | Yan Xin Xiao Ling Li Yan Ping Wang Su Min Zhang Hua Chuan Zheng Dong Ying Wu Yin Chang Zhang The Fourth Laboratory of Cancer Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，1： | 38 |
| 12 | Oscillation of Solutions of Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations of Neutral Type | Yu Yuanhong Liu Bin Liu Zhengrong Institute of Applied Mathematics, Academia Sinica, Beijing 100080, China Department of Mathematics, Hubei Normal College, Huangshi 435002. China Department of Mathematics, Yunnan University. Kunming 650091. China Institute of Applied Mathematics of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650091, China | 1997 | Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series1997，13，4： | 39 |
| 13 | 微信随访对青壮年2型糖尿病患者治疗依从性及生活质量的影响显示文摘目的 探讨微信随访对青壮年2型糖尿病患者治疗依从性及生活质量的影响.方法 选取2015年2—12月笔者所在科室收治且能够独立使用微信的青壮年2型糖尿病患者120例为研究对象.随机分为干预组和对照组,各60例.对照组给予常规护理,干预组在此基础上进行微信随访干预,包括在治疗及出院后通过微信定期发送糖尿病相关知识及血糖监测提醒等信息.干预6个月后比较两组患者治疗依从性、睡眠质量、心理状况、血糖控制和并发症情况.结果 干预后,干预组患者治疗依从性得分(12.7±1.5)分高于对照组(8.7±1.7)分,差异有统计学意义(t=-3.056,P〈0.05);干预组患者合理饮食、规范服药、适度运动、良性心理和血糖监测依从率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05).干预组患者感染、低血糖、糖尿病眼病及急性并发症发生率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05);干预组患者神经病变、肾病发生率优于干预组,差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05).干预前,两组患者空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖和糖化血红蛋白水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P〉0.05);干预后,两组患者空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖和糖化血红蛋白水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05).干预前,两组患者PSQI评分、SDS和SAS评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P〉0.05);干预后,干预组患者PSQI评分、SDS和SAS评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05).结论 微信随访可以有效提高青壮年2型糖尿病患者治疗依从性,有助于改善患者血糖水平和心理状况,从而提高患者生活质量. | 胡艳粉 李领侠 张莹 赵晓婷 周婧 赵柳 司亚鸽 权晓娟 于俊霞 | 2017 | 中华现代护理杂志2017，23，10： | 39 |
| 14 | Update on the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus显示文摘To achieve good metabolic control in diabetes and keep long term, a combination of changes in lifestyle and pharmacological treatment is necessary. Achieving near-normal glycated hemoglobin significantly, decreases risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications. At present there are different treatments, both oral and injectable, available for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). Treatment algorithms designed to reduce the development or progression of the complications of diabetes emphasizes the need for good glycaemic control. The aim of this review is to perform an update on the benefits and limitations of different drugs, both current and future, for the treatment of T2 DM. Initial intervention should focus on lifestyle changes. Moreover, changes in lifestyle have proven to be beneficial, but for many patients is a complication keep long term. Physicians should be familiar with the different types of existing drugs for the treatment of diabetes and select the most effective, safe and better tolerated by patients. Metformin remains the first choice of treatment for most patients. Other alternative or second-line treatment options should be individualized depending on the characteristics of each patient. This article reviews the treatments available for patients with T2 DM, with an emphasis on agents introduced within the last decade. | Juan Jose Marin-Penalver Iciar Martin-Timon Cristina Sevillano-Collantes Francisco Javier del Canizo-Gomez | 2016 | World Journal of Diabetes2016，7，17： | 37 |
| 15 | WJD 5^(th) Anniversary Special Issues(2): Type 2 diabetes Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: Have all risk factors the same strength?显示文摘Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition that occurs when the body cannot produce enough or effectively use of insulin.Compared with individuals without diabetes,patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have a considerably higher risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality,and are disproportionately affected by cardiovascular disease.Most of this excess risk is it associated with an augmented prevalence of well-known risk factors such as hypertension,dyslipidaemia and obesity in these patients.However the improved cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients can not be attributed solely to the higher prevalence of traditional risk factors.Therefore other non-traditional risk factors may be important in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Cardiovascular disease is increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects due to a complex combination of various traditional and non-traditional risk factors that have an important role to play in the beginning and the evolution of atherosclerosis over its long natural history from endothelial function to clinical events.Many of these risk factors could be common history for both di-abetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease,reinforcing the postulate that both disorders come independently from'common soil'.The objective of this review is to highlight the weight of traditional and non-traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease in the setting of type 2 diabetes mellitus and discuss their position in the pathogenesis of the excess cardiovascular disease mortality and morbidity in these patients. | Iciar Martín-Timón Cristina Sevillano-Collantes Amparo Segura-Galindo Francisco Javier del Caizo-Gómez | 2014 | World Journal of Diabetes2014，5，4： | 32 |
| 16 | 谣言实现的社会机制及对信息的治理显示文摘Rumors are a type of false information, a consequence of an asymmetrical informational structure. This paper focuses on the social mechanisms of rumor fulfilling. Rumors with important contents related to people’s personal interests win acceptance through changing people’s expected payoffs, misleading people to the belief that acceptance of the rumor would beneficially outperform rejection of it. Nevertheless, it is risky to believe rumors; therefore, people make their decision whether to believe a rumor or not by referring to other people’s choices. An analysis was performed first within a game model that incorporated the variables of an individual’s expectancy and other people’s impact to predict whether the individual would accept or reject a rumor. Another analysis followed to further examine the functions of some dynamic mechanisms in rumor fulfilling when group pressure and network effects were introduced. Finally, an exploratory discussion on how to prevent rumors and erase their effects via information management strategies was presented. | 李国武 | 2005 | 社会2005，25，4： | 31 |
| 17 | 住院2型糖尿病患者合并慢性肾脏病的患病率及其危险因素分析显示文摘回顾性分析l 466例住院2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者的临床和实验室资料,统计慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)患病率,应用logistic回归分析CKD的危险因素,根据危险因素进一步分层分析;住院T2DM患者合并CKD的患病率为52.25%,其中93.47%患者合并蛋白尿,27.93%患者肾小球滤过率(eGFR)<60 ml·min-1·1.73 m-2,24.28%患者肾小管功能受损,14.88%患者肾脏形态学异常;非条件logistic回归分析表明,年龄、体重指数、糖尿病病程、收缩压、血尿酸、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、吸烟与住院T2DM合并CKD独立相关;住院T2DM患者合并CKD的患病率随年龄、糖尿病病程、体重指数及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇增加而增加.CKD是住院T2DM的常见慢性并发症,尤其对病程较长的高龄、肥胖T2DM患者,更应注意CKD的早期筛查,筛查项目除尿蛋白、eGFR外,还应包括肾小管功能及肾脏形态学检查. | 许杰 杨菊红 单春艳 郑妙艳 王颖 任惠珠 常宝成 | 2014 | 中华内分泌代谢杂志2014，30，7： | 32 |
| 18 | Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Evolving paradigms显示文摘In the last years new evidence has accumulated on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)challenging the paradigms that had been holding the scene over the previous 30 years.NAFLD has such an epidemic prevalence as to make it impossible to screen general population looking for NAFLD cases.Conversely,focusing on those cohorts of individuals exposed to the highest risk of NAFLD could be a more rational approach.NAFLD,which can be diagnosed with either non-invasive strategies or through liver biopsy,is a pathogenically complex and clinically heterogeneous disease.The existence of metabolic as opposed to genetic-associated disease,notably including'lean NAFLD'has recently been recognized.Moreover,NAFLD is a systemic condition,featuring metabolic,cardiovascular and(hepatic/extrahepatic)cancer risk.Among the clinico-laboratory features of NAFLD we discuss hyperuricemia,insulin resistance,atherosclerosis,gallstones,psoriasis and selected endocrine derangements.NAFLD is a precursor of type 2 diabetes(T2D)and metabolic syndrome and progressive liver disease develops in T2D patients in whom the course of disease is worsened by NAFLD.Finally,lifestyle changes and drug treatment options to be implemented in the individual patient are also critically discussed.In conclusion,this review emphasizes the new concepts on clinical and pathogenic heterogeneity of NAFLD,a systemic disorder with a multifactorial pathogenesis and protean clinical manifestations.It is highly prevalent in certain cohorts of individuals who are thus potentially amenable to selective screening strategies,intensive follow-up schedules for early identification of liver-related and extrahepatic complications and in whom earlier and more aggressive treatment schedules should be carried out whenever possible. | Amedeo Lonardo Fabio Nascimbeni Mauro Maurantonio Alessandra Marrazzo Luca Rinaldi Luigi Elio Adinolfi | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，36： | 33 |
| 19 | Helicobacter pylori infection and diabetes:Is it a myth or fact?显示文摘Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)is one of the most common human bacterial pathogens,and infection causes a wide array of gastric disorders,including simple gastritis,peptic ulcers and gastric malignancies.Gastrointestinal inflammation caused by H.pylori can influence the absorption of glucose and lipids,which are also abnormal in diabetes mellitus.Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),formerly known as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus or adult-onset diabetes,is a metabolic disorder that is characterized by high levels of blood glucose resulting from insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency.It is an emerging pandemic and is rapidly becoming a serious threat to public health.Emerging data now indicate a strong relationship between H.pylori infection and the incidence of T2DM.The mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of diabetes are complex,involving insulin resistance,chronic inflammation,insulin secretion deficiency as a result of pancreasβ-cell dysfunction,glucotoxicity,and lipotoxicity.H.pylori infection is known to be involved in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance,and the growing awareness of its role in diabetes is important for the early detection of glucose dysregulation and prevention of T2DM in high-risk communities.This review probes the possible relationship between H.pylori and diabetes according to epidemiological surveys and discusses putative mechanisms underlying this correlation. | Cong He Zhen Yang Nong-Hua Lu | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，16： | 28 |
| 20 | Weighted weak type estimates for commutators of the Marcinkiewicz integrals显示文摘In this paper the authors give the weighted weak LlogL type estimates for a class of the higher order commutator generated by the Marcinkiewicz integral and a BMO function. In addition, the weak type norm inequalities for the Marcinkiewicz integral and its commutators with different weight functions are also discussed. | DING Yong, LU Shanzhen & ZHANG PuDepartment of Mathematics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China Department of Information and Computing Science, Zhejiang Institute of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310033, China | 2004 | Science China Mathematics2004，47，1： | 25 |
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