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| 1 | Identification of four novel DC-SIGN ligands on Mycobacterium bovis BCG显示文摘Dendritic-cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin(DC-SIGN;CD209)has an important role in mediating adherence of Mycobacteria species,including M.tuberculosis and M.bovis BCG to human dendritic cells and macrophages,in which these bacteria can survive intracellularly.DC-SIGN is a C-type lectin,and interactions with mycobacterial cells are believed to occur via mannosylated structures on the mycobacterial surface.Recent studies suggest more varied modes of binding to multiple mycobacterial ligands.Here we identify,by affinity chromatography and mass-spectrometry,four novel ligands of M.bovis BCG that bind to DC-SIGN.The novel ligands are chaperone protein DnaK,60 kDa chaperonin-1(Cpn60.1),glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH)and lipoprotein lprG.Other published work strongly suggests that these are on the cell surface.Of these ligands,lprG appears to bind DC-SIGN via typical proteinglycan interactions,but DnaK and Cpn60.1 binding do not show evidence of carbohydrate-dependent interactions.LprG was also identified as a ligand for DC-SIGNR(L-SIGN;CD299)and the M.tuberculosis orthologue of lprG has been found previously to interact with human toll-like receptor 2.Collectively,these findings offer new targets for combating mycobacterial adhesion and within-host survival,and reinforce the role of DCSIGN as an important host ligand in mycobacterial infection. | Maria V.Carroll Robert B.Sim Fabiana Bigi Anne Jäkel Robin Antrobus Daniel A.Mitchell | 2010 | Protein & Cell2010，1，9： | 7 |
| 2 | 交流电渣重熔过程中的成分变化,I.理论传质模型显示文摘 | 魏季和 A.Mitchell | 1984 | 金属学报1984，20，5： | 3 |
| 3 | 交流电渣重熔过程中的成分变化——Ⅰ.理论传质模型显示文摘 | 魏季和 A.Mitchell | 1984 | 金属学报1984，，05： | 1 |
| 4 | The Uneasy Case for Product Liability显示文摘 | A.Mitchell Polinsky Steven Shavell | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 5 | Tinker,tailor,soldier,cell:the role of C-type lectins in the defense and promotion of disease显示文摘C-type lectins(CTLs)represent a large family of soluble and membrane-bound proteins which bind calcium dependently via carbohydrate recognition domains(CRDs)to glycan residues presented on the surface of a variety of pathogens.The deconvolution of a cell’s glycan code by CTLs underpins several important physiological processes in mammals such as pathogen neutralization and opsonization,leukocyte trafficking,and the inflammatory response.However,as our knowledge of CTLs has developed it has become apparent that the role of this innate immune family of proteins can be double-edged,where some pathogens have developed approaches to subvert and exploit CTL interactions to promote infection and sustain the pathological state.Equally,CTL interactions with host glycoproteins can contribute to inflammatory diseases such as arthritis and cancer whereby,in certain contexts,they exacerbate inflammation and drive malignant progression.This review discusses the‘dual agent’roles of some of the major mammalian CTLs in both resolving and promoting infection,inflammation and inflammatory disease and highlights opportunities and emerging approaches for their therapeutic modulation. | James N.Arnold Daniel A.Mitchell | 2023 | Protein & Cell2023，14，1： | 1 |
| 6 | TiN海绵颗粒与Ti界面区氮的扩散和相变显示文摘为了理解轻元素 N及 Ti N夹杂在 Ti合金中的溶解行为 ,实验研究了海绵 Ti N颗粒在 Cp Ti和 Ti- 6Al- 4 V合金中界面的扩散和相变行为 ,对比了合金元素对 N的扩散和相变的影响规律。Ti N颗粒在高温下植入液态金属中进行溶解和扩散 ,用电子探针检测了在铸态和热处理状态下 ,含氮 α相中氮及其合金元素在界面处沿基体金属方向的扩散浓度分布。实验观察到相变区内很陡的 N元素浓度分布 ,结合 Ti- N二元系相平衡特点 ,考察了合金元素对 N扩散和相变的影响。比较 Cp Ti和 Ti- 6Al- 4 V的结果表明 ,Al,V合金元素对界面附近 N的扩散及 Ti N的溶解表现出阻滞作用。 | 王达健 G.Naimagon A.Mitchell | 2001 | 稀有金属材料与工程2001，30，4： | 1 |
| 7 | 交流电渣重熔过程中的成分变化 Ⅰ 理论传质模型显示文摘 | 魏季和 A.Mitchell | 1984 | 金属学报1984，20，5： | 1 |
| 8 | The Moderating Effect of Product Knowledge on the Learning and Organization of Product Information显示文摘 | Elizabeth Cowley Andrew A.Mitchell | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 9 | 交流电渣重熔过程中的成分变化——Ⅰ.理论传质模型显示文摘 | 魏季和 A.Mitchell | 1984 | 金属学报1984，，05： | 1 |
| 10 | 引导囚犯行为表现良好的最佳刑罚显示文摘本文的焦点在于对囚犯管制的研究,在研究模型中,在囚期间,囚犯有选择行为表现良好或恶劣的自由。囚犯行为表现良好,会减少国家运营监狱的成本,当然囚犯需要付出一些努力。在理想状态下,当囚犯表现良好需付出努力的成本足够低时,他必然会选择如此行为。在此基础上推导出两个最佳刑期:其一是罪犯实施犯罪行为所应判处的最佳刑罚期,其二是如果罪犯被囚,其在监狱中表现良好的最佳减刑期,这两个问题紧密相连,因为罪犯在决定犯罪时,预期被捕后受到的惩罚,当然包括罪犯在监狱中行为表现这一因素。最基本的结论是,在监狱中行为表现良好的最佳减刑期通常都是正的。这个结论是正确的,虽然为引导囚犯表现良好而缩短他们的刑期,会同时降低刑罚对犯罪的威慑作用。同时,还认识到一点,当最长刑期确定时,随着犯罪造成社会危害的严重程度提高,最佳减刑期减少;当犯罪的社会危害无限大时,最佳减刑期为零。这一结论反映出,随犯罪危害程度的提高,相对于刑罚的威慑力来说,运营监狱成本节约变得越来越不重要。但是通过引导囚犯行为表现良好来降低监禁成本的动机并不完全受制于减少犯罪的目的。 | A.Mitchell Polinsky 罗瑞芳(译者) | 2008 | 中国监狱学刊2008，23，4： | 0 |
| 11 | 格鲁吉亚的“民主”内幕显示文摘美国的外交政策始终将“全球传播民主”视为美国国家利益的重要组成部分。依据2006年美国《国家安全战略》,美国将全球其他民主国家视为“协助美国促进全球自由和繁荣的伙伴”。但是,2007年巴基斯坦、肯尼亚和格鲁吉亚等国的民主发展却陷入了10年以来的最低点。在这场民主动荡中,反西方的独裁者与国内亲美民众之间并没有发生针锋相对的斗争,后权威主义时代富有正义感的领导人也没有实现美国预期的“和平民主”。事实上,当前的最为严峻的挑战在于制定更好的战略以促进半专制国家的民主深入发展,尤其是对亲美领导人的战略决策产生积极的影响。 | 林肯·米歇尔(Lincoln A.Mitchell) 陈锴(译) | 2008 | 国外社会科学文摘2008，，10： | 0 |
| 12 | 把律师和委托人的利益结合起来显示文摘众所周知,律师与委托人之间存在潜在冲突。如果一位律师的收入只与他所付出的时间相关而与案件的结果无关,那么律师可能会希望将案件提起诉讼,即便是提起诉讼并不符合委托人的最佳利益,律师也可能会在该案件上耗费比委托人所期望的更多的工作时间,也可能在和解对于委托人更为有利的时候反对和解。反之,如果律师是根据传统的风险代理收费方式来获得报酬——根据这种收费方式,他只能获得判决所得或者和解所得的一部分,却必须承担所有的诉讼成本——那么,律师可能没有什么动力将案件提起诉讼,或即便提起诉讼的话也可能会花很少的时间在该案件上,也可能当提起诉讼对于委托人来说更为有利的时候却鼓励他们进行和解。在这篇论文中,我们提出一种支付律师报酬的方式,这种方式能够克服律师和委托人之间的利益冲突。我们的方式是传统风险代理收费方式的一种变体,但是相比于传统风险代理收费方式来说,我们将会使律师仅仅承担诉讼成本的一部分。同样,律师在判决所得或者和解所得中也只能获得一部分回报。我们证明,当律师所承担的成本份额等于他能够从判决中所得或者和解中所获得的回报份额,那么他就有动力完全按照一个有见地(knowledgeable)的委托人对他的期望来开展工作,比如在是否将案件提起诉讼、在案件上花费多少时间以及是否对案件进行和解等方面。根据我们的改良风险代理收费方式,第三方将偿付律师费用的一部分,作为回报,律师将事先支付给该第三方一笔费用。通过这种方式,即便案件败诉了,委托人也不用像传统风险代理收费方式那样承担任何费用。 | Daniel L.Rubinfeld 吴洪淇(译) | 2008 | 私法2008，，1： | 0 |
| 13 | Constraining the links between the Himalayan belt and the Central Myanmar Basins during the Cenozoic:An integrated multi-proxy detrital geochronology and trace-element geochemistry study显示文摘Geological and tectonic analysis of the Eastern Himalayan basins has given rise to a decade-long debate on the geodynamic evolution of the Burmese terrane and on the extent of reorganization of the main SE Asia drainage systems.However,the influence of the Himalayan belt on the Central Myanmar Basin(CMB)system remains poorly documented,although it is key to providing more accurate models for the evolution of the Himalayan-Burmese orogen.In this contribution,we present geochronological,isotopic and geochemical analysis from 2500 zircon,1700 titanite,700 rutile and 850 apatite detrital grains from fifteen Cenozoic siliciclastic samples and one Cretaceous igneous rock.The samples were collected within the fore-and back-arc basins of the Central Myanmar Basin domain(CMB)to constrain the provenance,maximum depositional ages,and depositional environments of the west Burma terrane.Nine key lithological units,the Sadwingyi,Ketpanda,Wabo Chaung,Gwegon,Minwun,Padaung,Okmintaung and Irrawaddy formations have detrital age spectra spanning from the Miocene to Paleoarchean.The entire data set has common age peaks at ca.20,40,60,90,100 Ma,with about 80%of the U–Pb ages younger than ca.140 Ma and only ca.1%of the grains predating ca.3.0 Ga.Our results shed light on the current ambiguities on the transport pathways of Himalayan detritus in the CMB.They show that the fore-arc basin was open to the trench and fed by the unroofing of both the Wuntho Popa volcanic arc to the east and possibly from the Burmese basement and/or from Himalayan-derived Bengal Fan detritus to the west during the Eocene,from at least ca.44 Ma to before ca.39 Ma.We show that the west Burma Terrane was partitioned into pull-apart basins such as the Minwun Basin,which during the Oligocene recorded the first evidence of a new source contribution into the CMB at ca.27 Ma.This new source is characterized by detritus highly compatible with the SE Asia basement rocks,which we suggest corresponds to the initiation of the palaeo–Irrawaddy River.This geodynamic evolution does not require any Yarlung Tsangpo-Irrawaddy-Brahmaputra paleodrainage reorganization,since from the Oligocene to the Early Miocene,the Irrawaddy River fed an internally drained basin,and from the Late Miocene onwards,the Yarlung drained into the Brahmaputra in the Bengal Basin. | F.Arboit M.Min D.Chew A.Mitchell K.Drost E.Badenszki J.S.Daly | 2021 | Geoscience Frontiers2021，12，2： | 0 |
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