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| 1 | Gastric cancer and the epoch of immunotherapy approaches显示文摘The incidence of gastric cancer(GC) fell dramatically over the last 50 years, but according to IARC-Globocan 2008, it is the third most frequent cause of cancerrelated deaths with a case fatality GC ratio higher than other common malignancies. Surgical resection is the primary curative treatment for GC though the overall 5-year survival rate remains poor(approximately 20%-25%). To improve the outcome of resectable gastric cancer, different treatment strategies have been evaluated such as adjuvant or perioperative chemotherapy. In resected gastric cancer, the addition of radiotherapy to chemotherapy does not appear to provide any additional benefit. Moreover, in metastatic patients, chemotherapy is the mainstay of palliative therapy with a median overall survival of 8-10 mo and objective response rates of merely 20%-40%. Therefore, the potential for making key beneficial progress is to investigate the GC molecular biology to realize innovative therapeutic strategies, such as specific immunotherapy. In this review, we provide a panoramic view of the different immune-based strategies used for gastric cancer treatment and the results obtained in the most significant clinical trials. In detail, firstly we describe the therapeutic approaches that utilize the monoclonal antibodies while in the second part we analyze the cell-based immunotherapies. | Elena Niccolai Antonio Taddei Domenico Prisco Amedeo Amedei | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，19： | 24 |
| 2 | Role of diet and gut microbiota on colorectal cancer immunomodulation显示文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers, and it is characterized by genetic and epigenetic alterations, as well as by inflammatory cell infiltration among malignant and stromal cells. However, this dynamic infiltration can be influenced by the microenvironment to promote tumor proliferation, survival and metastasis or cancer inhibition. In particular, the cancer microenvironment metabolites can regulate the inflammatory cells to induce a chronic inflammatory response that can be a predisposing condition for CRC retention. In addition, some nutritional components might contribute to a chronic inflammatory condition by regulating various immune and inflammatory pathways. Besides that, diet strongly modulates the gut microbiota composition,which has a key role in maintaining gut homeostasis and is associated with the modulation of host inflammatory and immune responses. Therefore, diet has a fundamental role in CRC initiation, progression and prevention. In particular,functional foods such as probiotics, prebiotics and symbiotics can have a potentially positive effect on health beyond basic nutrition and have antiinflammatory effects. In this review, we discuss the influence of diet on gut microbiota composition, focusing on its role on gut inflammation and immunity.Finally, we describe the potential benefits of using probiotics and prebiotics to modulate the host inflammatory response, as well as its application in CRC prevention and treatment. | Carolina Vieira De Almeida Marcela Rodrigues de Camargo Edda Russo Amedeo Amedei | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，2： | 16 |
| 3 | Role of gut microbiota-immunity axis in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer:Focus on short and long-term outcomes显示文摘Human body is colonized by a huge amount of microorganisms mostly located in the gastrointestinal tract.These dynamic communities,the environment and their metabolites constitute the microbiota.Growing data suggests a causal role of a dysbiotic microbiota in several pathologies,such as metabolic and neurological disorders,immunity dysregulations and cancer,especially the well-studied colorectal cancer development.However,many were preclinical studies and a complete knowledge of the pathogenetic mechanisms in humans is still absent.The gut microbiota can exert direct or indirect effects in different phases of colorectal cancer genesis.For example,Fusobacterium nucleatum promotes cancer through cellular proliferation and some strains of Escherichia coli and Bacteroides fragilis produce genotoxins.However,dysbiosis may also cause a proinflammatory state and the stimulation of a Th17 response with IL-17 and IL-22 secretion that have a pro-oncogenic activity,as demonstrated for Fusobacterium nucleatum.Microbiota has a crucial role in several stages of postoperative course;dysbiosis in fact seems related with surgical site infections and Enterococcus faecalis(and other collagenase-producers microbes)are suggested as a cause of anastomotic leak.Consequently,unbalanced presence of some species,together with altered immune response may also have a prognostic role.Microbiota has also a substantial role in effectiveness of chemotherapy,chemoresistance and in the related side effects.In other words,a complete knowledge of the fine pathological mechanisms of gut microbiota may provide a wide range of new diagnostic tools other than therapeutic targets in the light of tailored medicine. | Ilenia Bartolini Matteo Risaliti Maria Novella Ringressi Filippo Melli Giulia Nannini Amedeo Amedei Paolo Muiesan Antonio Taddei | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，20： | 6 |
| 4 | Metabolomics profile in gastrointestinal cancers:Update and future perspectives显示文摘Despite recent progress in diagnosis and therapy,gastrointestinal(GI)cancers remain one of the most important causes of death with a poor prognosis due to late diagnosis.Serum tumor markers and detection of occult blood in the stool are the current tests used in the clinic of GI cancers;however,these tests are not useful as diagnostic screening since they have low specificity and low sensitivity.Considering that one of the hallmarks of cancer is dysregulated metabolism and metabolomics is an optimal approach to illustrate the metabolic mechanisms that belong to living systems,is now clear that this-omics could open a new way to study cancer.In the last years,nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)metabolomics has demonstrated to be an optimal approach for diseases’diagnosis nevertheless a few studies focus on the NMR capability to find new biomarkers for early diagnosis of GI cancers.For these reasons in this review,we will give an update on the status of NMR metabolomic studies for the diagnosis and development of GI cancers using biological fluids. | Giulia Nannini Gaia Meoni Amedeo Amedei Leonardo Tenori | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，20： | 5 |
| 5 | Evaluation and comparison of short chain fatty acids composition in gut diseases显示文摘BACKGROUND An altered (dysbiosis) and unhealthy status of the gut microbiota is usually responsible for a reduction of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentration. SCFAs obtained from the carbohydrate fermentation processes are crucial in maintaining gut homeostasis and their determination in stool samples could provide a faster, reliable and cheaper method to highlight the presence of an intestinal dysbiosis and a biomarker for various gut diseases. We hypothesize that different intestinal diseases, such as celiac disease (CD), adenomatous polyposis (AP) and colorectal cancer (CRC) could display a particular fecal SCFAs’ signature. AIM To compare the fecal SCFAs’ profiles of CD, AP, CRC patients and healthy controls, using the same analytical method. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we defined and compared the SCFAs’ concentration in fecal samples of 9 AP, 16 CD, 19 CRC patients and 16 healthy controls (HC). The SCFAs’ analysis were performed using a gas-chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry method. Data analysis was carried out using Wilcoxon ranksum test to assess pairwise differences of SCFAs’ profiles, partial least squaresdiscriminate analysis (PLS-DA) to determine the status membership based on distinct SCFAs’ profiles, and Dirichlet regression to determine factors influencing concentration levels of SCFAs. RESULTS We have not observed any difference in the SCFAs’ amount and composition between CD and healthy control. On the contrary, the total amount of SCFAs was significantly lower in CRC patients compared to HC (P = 0.044) and CD (P = 0.005). Moreover, the SCFAs’ percentage composition was different in CRC and AP compared to HC. In detail, HC displayed higher percentage of acetic acid (P value = 1.3 × 10-6) and a lower amount of butyric (P value = 0.02192), isobutyric (P value = 7.4 × 10-5), isovaleric (P value = 0.00012) and valeric (P value = 0.00014) acids compared to CRC patients. AP showed a lower abundance of acetic acid (P value = 0.00062) and higher percentages of propionic (P value = 0.00433) and isovaleric (P value = 0.00433) acids compared to HC. Moreover, AP showed higher levels of propionic acid (P value = 0.03251) and a lower level of isobutyric acid (P value = 0.00427) in comparison to CRC. The PLS-DA model demonstrated a significant separation of CRC and AP groups from HC, although some degree of overlap was observed between CRC and AP. CONCLUSION Analysis of fecal SCFAs shows the potential to provide a non-invasive means of diagnosis to detect patients with CRC and AP, while CD patients cannot be discriminated from healthy subjects. | Elena Niccolai Simone Baldi Federica Ricci Edda Russo Giulia Nannini Marta Menicatti Giovanni Poli Antonio Taddei Gianluca Bartolucci Antonino Salvatore Calabrò Francesco Claudio Stingo Amedeo Amedei | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，36： | 4 |
| 6 | Gut microbiota and immune system in liver cancer:Promising therapeutic implication from development to treatment显示文摘Liver cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide,and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most frequent primary liver tumour,followed by cholangiocarcinoma.Notably,secondary tumours represent up to 90% of liver tumours.Chronic liver disease is a recognised risk factor for liver cancer development.Up to 90% of the patients with HCC and about 20% of those with cholangiocarcinoma have an underlying liver alteration.The gut microbiota-liver axis represents the bidirectional relationship between gut microbiota,its metabolites and the liver through the portal flow.The interplay between the immune system and gut microbiota is also well-known.Although primarily resulting from experiments in animal models and on HCC,growing evidence suggests a causal role for the gut microbiota in the development and progression of chronic liver pathologies and liver tumours.Despite the curative intent of“traditional”treatments,tumour recurrence remains high.Therefore,microbiota modulation is an appealing therapeutic target for liver cancer prevention and treatment.Furthermore,microbiota could represent a non-invasive biomarker for early liver cancer diagnosis.This review summarises the potential role of the microbiota and immune system in primary and secondary liver cancer development,focusing on the potential therapeutic implications. | Ilenia Bartolini Matteo Risaliti Rosaria Tucci Paolo Muiesan Maria Novella Ringressi Antonio Taddei Amedeo Amedei | 2021 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2021，13，11： | 3 |
| 7 | Helicobacter pylori secreted peptidyl prolyl cis , trans -isomerase drives Th17 inflammation in gastric adenocarcinoma显示文摘 | Amedeo Amedei Fabio Munari Chiara Della Bella Elena Niccolai Marisa Benagiano Lapo Bencini Fabio Cianchi Marco Farsi Giacomo Emmi Giuseppe Zanotti Marina Bernard Manikuntala Kundu Mario Milco D’Elios | 2014 | Internal and Emergency Medicine2014，，3： | 2 |
| 8 | Immunomodulation by probiotics and prebiotics in hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most prevalent primary malignancy in patients suffering from chronic liver diseases and cirrhosis.Recent attention has been paid to the involvement of the gut-liver axis(GLA)in HCC pathogenesis.This axis results from a bidirectional,anatomical and functional relationship between the gastrointestinal system and the liver.Moreover,the complex network of interactions between the intestinal microbiome and the liver plays a crucial role in modulation of the HCC-tumor microenvironment,contributing to the pathogenesis of HCC by exposing the liver to pathogen-associated molecular patterns,such as bacterial lipopolysaccharides,DNA,peptidoglycans and flagellin.Indeed,the alteration of gut microflora may disturb the intestinal barrier,bringing several toll-like receptor ligands to the liver thus activating the inflammatory response.This review explores the new therapeutic opportunities that may arise from novel insights into the mechanisms by which microbiota immunomodulation,represented by probiotics,and prebiotics,affects HCC through the GLA. | Edda Russo Camila Fiorindi Francesco Giudici Amedeo Amedei | 2022 | World Journal of Hepatology2022，14，2： | 2 |
| 9 | Ex vivo analysis of pancreatic cancer-infiltrating T lymphocytes reveals that ENO-specific Tregs accumulate in tumor tissue and inhibit Th1/Th17 effector cell functions显示文摘 | Amedeo Amedei Elena Niccolai Marisa Benagiano Chiara Della Bella Fabio Cianchi Paolo Bechi Antonio Taddei Lapo Bencini Marco Farsi Paola Cappello Domenico Prisco Francesco Novelli Mario Milco D’Elios | 2013 | Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy2013，，7： | 2 |
| 10 | Microbiota shaping — the effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplant on cognitive functions: A systematic review显示文摘BACKGROUND Dementia is a chronic progressive neurological disease affecting millions of people worldwide,and represents a relevant economic burden for healthcare systems.Although its pathogenesis is still unknown,recent findings have reported that a dysregulated gut-brain axis communication,a fundamental relationship mediated by several host and microbial molecules,is associated with cognitive disorders.In addition,gut microbiota manipulation reduces neuroinflammation,improving cognitive function by restoring the functional gut-brain axis.AIM To better define the effects of probiotics,prebiotics,synbiotics,and fecal microbiota transplant(FMT)on cognitive function.METHODS We performed a literature search of human randomized clinical trials to examine the effects of the administration of probiotics,prebiotics,synbiotics,or FMT on cognition outcomes in healthy or sick people of every age,sex,and nationality.We systematically searched Embase,Medline/PubMed,Cochrane Library,central and clinicaltrials.gov databases with a combination of comprehensive terms related to cognition and gut microbiota manipulation.Then we carefully reviewed and synthesized the data by type of study design and setting,characteristics of the studied population,kind of intervention(strain type or mixture type,dosage,and frequency of administration),control treatment,inclusion and exclusion criteria,follow-up duration,and cognitive or memory outcomes.RESULTS After examining the titles and abstracts,the initial literature screening identified 995 articles,but we added 23 papers in our systematic review.The analyses of these selected studies highlighted that both probiotic supplementation and FMT improved cognitive function regardless of the type and posology of administration and the adopted cognitive tests and questionnaires.We found that most of the studies conducted in healthy people showed a significant positive effect of the intervention on at least one of the performed cognitive tests.Regarding unhealthy subjects,while FMT and especially probiotic administration had multiple beneficial effects on different cognitive functions,supplementation with prebiotics did not provide any cognitive improvement.CONCLUSION Probiotic supplementation and FMT may represent a promising strategy to restore gut eubiosis and enhance the cognitive functions of healthy people and patients with neurological disorders. | Simone Baldi Tiziana Mundula Giulia Nannini Amedeo Amedei | 2021 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2021，27，39： | 2 |
| 11 | Active tuberculosis in Africa is associated with reduced Th1 and increased Th2 activity in vivo 显示文摘 | Lienhardt C Azzurri A Amedei A | 2002 | Eur J Immunol2002，32，6： | 1 |
| 12 | Ex vivo a- nalysis of pancreatic cancer-infiltrating T lymphocytes re- veals that ENO-specific Tregs accumulate in tumor tissue and inhibit Thl/Thl7 effector cell functions 显示文摘 | Amedei A Niccolai E Benagiano M | 2013 | Cancer Immunol Immunother2013，62，7： | 1 |
| 13 | Impaired T-cell regulation of B-cell growth in Helicobacter pylori –related gastric low-grade MALT lymphoma显示文摘 | Mario M. D’Elios Amedeo Amedei Marta Manghetti Francesco Costa Cosima T. Baldari Adnan S. Quazi John L. Telford Sergio Romagnani Gianfranco del Prete | 1999 | Gastroenterology1999，，5： | 1 |
| 14 | Human 60-kDA heat shock protein is a target autoantigen of T cells derived from atherosclerotic plaques 显示文摘 | Benangiano M D' Delios MM Amedei A | 2005 | J Immu nol2005，174，： | 1 |
| 15 | Active tuberculosis in Africa is associated with reduced Th1 and increased Th2 activity in vivo显示文摘 | Lienhardt C Azzurri A Amedei A | 2002 | Eur J Immunol2002，32，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Molecular mimicry between Helicobacter pylori antigens and H+,K+-adenosine triphosphatase in human gastric autoimmunity显示文摘 | Amedei A Bergman MP Appelmelk BJ | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 17 | Ex vivo analysis of pancreatic cancer-infiltrating T lymphocytes reveals that ENO-specific Tregs accumulate in tumor tissue and inhibit Th1/Th17 effector cell functions显示文摘 | Amedei A Niccolai E Benagiano M | 2013 | Cancer Immunol Immunother2013，62，7： | 1 |
| 18 | The neutrophilactivating protein of Helicobacter pylori promotes Th1 immune responses显示文摘 | Amedei A Cappon A Codolo G | 2006 | J Clin Invest2006，116，4： | 1 |
| 19 | The use of cytokines and chemokines in the cancer immunotherapy显示文摘 | Amedei A Prisco D D'Elios MM | 2013 | Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov2013，8，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Helicobacter pylori and gastric autoimmunity显示文摘 | Mario Milco D’Elios Mathijs P. Bergman Amedeo Amedei Ben J. Appelmelk Gianfranco Del Prete | 2004 | Microbes and Infection2004，，15： | 1 |
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