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| 1 | Risk of cardiovascular,cardiac and arrhythmic complications in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)has emerged as a public health problem of epidemic proportions worldwide.Accumulating clinical and epidemiological evidence indicates that NAFLD is not only associated with liver-related morbidity and mortality but also with an increased risk of coronary heart disease(CHD),abnormalities of cardiac function and structure(e.g.,left ventricular dysfunction and hypertrophy,and heart failure),valvular heart disease(e.g.,aortic valve sclerosis)and arrhythmias(e.g.,atrial fibrillation).Experimental evidence suggests that NAFLD itself,especially in its more severe forms,exacerbates systemic/hepatic insulin resistance,causes atherogenic dyslipidemia,and releases a variety of pro-inflammatory,pro-coagulant and pro-fibrogenic mediators that may play important roles in the pathophysiology of cardiac and arrhythmic complications.Collectively,these findings suggest that patients with NAFLD may benefit from more intensive surveillance and early treatment interventions to decrease the risk for CHD and other cardiac/arrhythmic complications.The purpose of this clinical review is to summarize the rapidly expanding body of evidence that supports a strong association between NAFLD and cardiovascular,cardiac and arrhythmic complications,to briefly examine the putative biological mechanisms underlying this association,and to discuss some of the current treatment options that may influence both NAFLD and its related cardiac and arrhythmic complications. | Stefano Ballestri Amedeo Lonardo Stefano Bonapace Christopher D Byrne Paola Loria Giovanni Targher | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，7： | 55 |
| 2 | Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Evolving paradigms显示文摘In the last years new evidence has accumulated on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)challenging the paradigms that had been holding the scene over the previous 30 years.NAFLD has such an epidemic prevalence as to make it impossible to screen general population looking for NAFLD cases.Conversely,focusing on those cohorts of individuals exposed to the highest risk of NAFLD could be a more rational approach.NAFLD,which can be diagnosed with either non-invasive strategies or through liver biopsy,is a pathogenically complex and clinically heterogeneous disease.The existence of metabolic as opposed to genetic-associated disease,notably including'lean NAFLD'has recently been recognized.Moreover,NAFLD is a systemic condition,featuring metabolic,cardiovascular and(hepatic/extrahepatic)cancer risk.Among the clinico-laboratory features of NAFLD we discuss hyperuricemia,insulin resistance,atherosclerosis,gallstones,psoriasis and selected endocrine derangements.NAFLD is a precursor of type 2 diabetes(T2D)and metabolic syndrome and progressive liver disease develops in T2D patients in whom the course of disease is worsened by NAFLD.Finally,lifestyle changes and drug treatment options to be implemented in the individual patient are also critically discussed.In conclusion,this review emphasizes the new concepts on clinical and pathogenic heterogeneity of NAFLD,a systemic disorder with a multifactorial pathogenesis and protean clinical manifestations.It is highly prevalent in certain cohorts of individuals who are thus potentially amenable to selective screening strategies,intensive follow-up schedules for early identification of liver-related and extrahepatic complications and in whom earlier and more aggressive treatment schedules should be carried out whenever possible. | Amedeo Lonardo Fabio Nascimbeni Mauro Maurantonio Alessandra Marrazzo Luca Rinaldi Luigi Elio Adinolfi | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，36： | 33 |
| 3 | Gastric cancer and the epoch of immunotherapy approaches显示文摘The incidence of gastric cancer(GC) fell dramatically over the last 50 years, but according to IARC-Globocan 2008, it is the third most frequent cause of cancerrelated deaths with a case fatality GC ratio higher than other common malignancies. Surgical resection is the primary curative treatment for GC though the overall 5-year survival rate remains poor(approximately 20%-25%). To improve the outcome of resectable gastric cancer, different treatment strategies have been evaluated such as adjuvant or perioperative chemotherapy. In resected gastric cancer, the addition of radiotherapy to chemotherapy does not appear to provide any additional benefit. Moreover, in metastatic patients, chemotherapy is the mainstay of palliative therapy with a median overall survival of 8-10 mo and objective response rates of merely 20%-40%. Therefore, the potential for making key beneficial progress is to investigate the GC molecular biology to realize innovative therapeutic strategies, such as specific immunotherapy. In this review, we provide a panoramic view of the different immune-based strategies used for gastric cancer treatment and the results obtained in the most significant clinical trials. In detail, firstly we describe the therapeutic approaches that utilize the monoclonal antibodies while in the second part we analyze the cell-based immunotherapies. | Elena Niccolai Antonio Taddei Domenico Prisco Amedeo Amedei | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，19： | 24 |
| 4 | Therapeutic temperature modulation is associated with pulmonary complications in patients with severe traumatic brain injury显示文摘AIM: To examine complications associated with the use of therapeutic temperature modulation(mild hypothermia and normothermia) in patients with severe traumatic brain injury(TBI). METHODS: One hundred and fourteen charts were reviewed. Inclusion criteria were: severe TBI with Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS) < 9, intensive care unit(ICU) stay > 24 h and non-penetrating TBI. Patients were divided into two cohorts: the treatment group received therapeutic temperature modulation(TTM) with continuous surface cooling and indwelling bladder temperature probes. The control group received standard treatment with intermittent acetaminophen for fever. Information regarding complications during the time in the ICU was collected as follows: Pneumonia was identified using a combination of clinical and laboratory data. Pulmonary embolism, pneumothorax and deep venous thrombosis were identified based onimaging results. Cardiac arrhythmias and renal failure were extracted from the clinical documentation. acute respiratory distress syndrome and acute lung injury were determined based on chest imaging and arterial blood gas results. A logistic regression was conducted to predict hospital mortality and a multiple regression was used to assess number and type of clinical complications. RESULTS: One hundred and fourteen patients were included in the analysis(mean age = 41.4, SD = 19.1, 93 males), admitted to the Jackson Memorial Hospital Neuroscience ICU and Ryder Trauma Center(mean GCS = 4.67, range 3-9), were identified and included in the analysis. Method of injury included motor vehicle accident(n = 29), motor cycle crash(n = 220), blunt head trauma(n = 212), fall(n = 229), pedestrian hit by car(n = 216), and gunshot wound to the head(n = 27). Ethnicity was primarily Caucasian(n = 260), as well as Hispanic(n = 227) and African American(n = 223); four patients had unknown ethnicity. Patients received either TTM(43) or standard therapy(71). Within the TTM group eight patients were treated with normothermia after TBI and 35 patients were treated with hypothermia. A logistic regression predicting in hospital mortality with age, GCS, and TM demonstrated that GCS(Beta = 0.572, P < 0.01) and age(Beta =-0.029) but not temperature modulation(Beta = 0.797, ns) were significant predictors of in-hospital mortality [χ2(3) = 22.27, P < 0.01] A multiple regression predicting number of complications demonstrated that receiving TTM was the main contributor and was associated with a higher number of pulmonary complications(t =-3.425, P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Exposure to TTM is associated with an increase in pulmonary complications. These findings support more attention to these complications in studies of TTM in TBI patients. | Kristine H O’Phelan Amedeo Merenda Katherine G Denny Kassandra E Zaila Cynthia Gonzalez | 2015 | World Journal of Critical Care Medicine2015，4，4： | 18 |
| 5 | Role of diet and gut microbiota on colorectal cancer immunomodulation显示文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers, and it is characterized by genetic and epigenetic alterations, as well as by inflammatory cell infiltration among malignant and stromal cells. However, this dynamic infiltration can be influenced by the microenvironment to promote tumor proliferation, survival and metastasis or cancer inhibition. In particular, the cancer microenvironment metabolites can regulate the inflammatory cells to induce a chronic inflammatory response that can be a predisposing condition for CRC retention. In addition, some nutritional components might contribute to a chronic inflammatory condition by regulating various immune and inflammatory pathways. Besides that, diet strongly modulates the gut microbiota composition,which has a key role in maintaining gut homeostasis and is associated with the modulation of host inflammatory and immune responses. Therefore, diet has a fundamental role in CRC initiation, progression and prevention. In particular,functional foods such as probiotics, prebiotics and symbiotics can have a potentially positive effect on health beyond basic nutrition and have antiinflammatory effects. In this review, we discuss the influence of diet on gut microbiota composition, focusing on its role on gut inflammation and immunity.Finally, we describe the potential benefits of using probiotics and prebiotics to modulate the host inflammatory response, as well as its application in CRC prevention and treatment. | Carolina Vieira De Almeida Marcela Rodrigues de Camargo Edda Russo Amedeo Amedei | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，2： | 16 |
| 6 | Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and aging: Epidemiology to management显示文摘Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is common in the elderly, in whom it carries a more substantial burden of hepatic(nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma) and extra-hepatic manifestations and complications(cardiovascular disease, extrahepatic neoplasms) than in younger age groups. Therefore, proper identification and management of this condition is a major task for clinical geriatricians and geriatric hepatologists. In this paper, the epidemiology and pathophysiology of this condition are reviewed, and a full discussion of the link between NAFLD and the aspects that are peculiar to elderly individuals is provided; these aspects include frailty, multimorbidity, polypharmacy and dementia. The proper treatment strategy will have to consider the peculiarities of geriatric patients, so a multidisciplinary approach is mandatory. Non-pharmacological treatment(diet and physical exercise) has to be tailored individually considering the physical limitations of most elderly people and the need for an adequate caloric supply. Similarly, the choice of drug treatment must carefully balance the benefits and risks in terms of adverse events and pharmacological interactions in the common context of both multiple health conditions and polypharmacy. In conclusion, further epidemiological and pathophysiological insight is warranted. More accurate understanding of the molecular mechanisms of geriatric NAFLD will help in identifying the most appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic approach for individual elderly patients. | Marco Bertolotti Amedeo Lonardo Chiara Mussi Enrica Baldelli Elisa Pellegrini Stefano Ballestri Dante Romagnoli Paola Loria | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，39： | 15 |
| 7 | Fatty liver,carotid disease and gallstones:A study of age-related associations显示文摘AIM: To evaluate carotid intima-media thickening (IMT) and plaques, gallstone disease (GD) and fatty liver (FL) as a function of age. METHODS: In 449 subjects, FL and carotid disease were assessed ultrasonographically. In a subgroup of 65/449 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), carotid disease, GD and associated factors were determined. RESULTS: FL of unspecified etiology was more common in younger and GD in older individuals. FL subjects had an increased prevalence of IMT and a decreased prevalence of plaques and manifested carotid disease earlier. Plaques were more common in subjects with GD. Age was an independent predictor of carotid disease outcome and FL was a protective factor for plaques. In NAFLD, there was an inverse correlation between body weight and age and the latter independently predicted carotid findings. CONCLUSION: Cardiovascular risk in patients with FL and NAFLD needs to be assessed as a function of age and body weight. | Amedeo Lonardo Silvia Lombardini Federica Scaglioni Stefano Ballestri Anna Maria Verrone Marco Bertolotti Lucia Carulli Dorval Ganazzi Nicola Carulli Paola Loria | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，36： | 14 |
| 8 | Coronary artery anomalies overview: The normal and the abnormal显示文摘The aim of this review is to give a comprehensive and concise overview of coronary embryology and normal coronary anatomy, describe common variants of normal and summarize typical patterns of anomalous coronary artery anatomy. Extensive iconography supports the text, with particular attention to images obtained in vivo using non-invasive imaging. We have divided this article into three groups, according to their frequency in the general population: Normal, normal variant and anomaly. Although congenital coronary artery anomalies are relatively uncommon, they are the second most common cause of sudden cardiac death among young athletes and therefore warrant detailed review. Based on the functional relevance of each abnormality, coronary artery anomalies can be classified as anomalies with obligatory ischemia, without ischemia or with exceptional ischemia. The clinical symptoms may include chest pain, dyspnea, palpitations, syncope, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death. Moreover, it is important to also identify variants and anomalies without clinical relevance in their own right as complications during surgery or angioplasty can occur. | Adriana DM Villa Eva Sammut Arjun Nair Ronak Rajani Rodolfo Bonamini Amedeo Chiribiri | 2016 | World Journal of Radiology2016，8，6： | 14 |
| 9 | Pathogenesis and significance of hepatitis C virus steatosis:An update on survival strategy of a successful pathogen显示文摘Hepatitis C virus(HCV)is a successful pathogen on the grounds that it exploits its host’s metabolism to build up viral particles;moreover it favours its own survival by inducing chronic disease and the development of specific anatomic changes in the infected organ.Steatosis,therefore,is associated with HCV infection by necessity rather than by chance alone.Approximately6%of HCV patients have steatohepatitis.Interestingly,HCV steatosis occurs in the setting of multiple metabolic abnormalities(hyperuricemia,reversible hypocholesterolemia,insulin resistance,arterial hypertension and expansion of visceral adipose tissue)collectively referred to as'hepatitis C-associated dysmetabolic syndrome'(HCADS).General,nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)-like,mechanisms of steatogenesis(including increased availability of lipogenic substrates and de novo lipogenesis;decreased oxidation of fatty substrates and export of fatty substrates)are shared by all HCV genotypes.However,genotype 3 seemingly amplifies such steatogenic molecular mechanisms reported to occur in NAFLD via more profound changes in microsomal triglyceride transfer protein;peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha;sterol regulatory element-binding proteins and phosphatase and tensin homologue.HCV steatosis has a remarkable clinical impact in as much as it is an acknowledged risk factor for accelerated fibrogenesis;for impaired treatment response to interferon and ribavirin;and development of hepatocellular carcinoma.Recent data,moreover,suggest that HCV-steatosis contributes to premature atherogenesis via both direct and indirect mechanisms.In conclusion,HCV steatosis fulfills all expected requirements necessary to perpetuate the HCV life cycle.A better understanding of the physiology of HCADS will likely result in a more successful handling of disease with improved antiviral success rates. | Amedeo Lonardo Luigi Elio Adinolfi Luciano Restivo Stefano Ballestri Dante Romagnoli Enrica Baldelli Fabio Nascimbeni Paola Loriaca | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，23： | 14 |
| 10 | Chronic hepatitis C virus infection and atherosclerosis: Clinical impact and mechanisms显示文摘Hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection represents a major health issue worldwide due to its burden of chronic liver disease and extrahepatic manifestations including cardiovascular diseases,which are associated with excess mortality.Analysis of published studies supports the view that HCV infection should be considered a risk factor for the development of carotid atherosclerosis,heart failure and stroke.In contrast,findings from studies addressing coronary artery disease and HCV have yielded conflicting results.Therefore,meta-analytic reviews and prospective studies are warranted.The pathogenic mechanisms connecting HCV infection,chronic liver disease,and atherogenesis are not completely understood.However,it has been hypothesized that HCV may promote atherogenesis and its complications through several direct and indirect biological mechanisms involving HCV colonization and replication within arterial walls,liver steatosis and fibrosis,enhanced and imbalanced secretion of inflammatory cytokines,oxidative stress,endotoxemia,mixed cryoglobulinemia,perturbed cellular and humoral immunity,hyperhomocysteinemia,hypo-adiponectinaemia,insulin resistance,type 2 diabetes and other components of the metabolic syndrome.Understanding these complex mechanisms is of fundamental importance for the development of novel therapeutic approaches to prevent and to treat vascular complications in patients with chronic HCV infection.Currently,it seems that HCV clearance by interferon and ribavirin treatment significantly reduces non-liver-related mortality;moreover,interferon-based treatment appears to decrease the risk of ischemic stroke. | Luigi E Adinolfi Rosa Zampino Luciano Restivo Amedeo Lonardo Barbara Guerrera Aldo Marrone Fabio Nascimbeni Anna Florio Paola Loria | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，13： | 6 |
| 11 | Role of gut microbiota-immunity axis in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer:Focus on short and long-term outcomes显示文摘Human body is colonized by a huge amount of microorganisms mostly located in the gastrointestinal tract.These dynamic communities,the environment and their metabolites constitute the microbiota.Growing data suggests a causal role of a dysbiotic microbiota in several pathologies,such as metabolic and neurological disorders,immunity dysregulations and cancer,especially the well-studied colorectal cancer development.However,many were preclinical studies and a complete knowledge of the pathogenetic mechanisms in humans is still absent.The gut microbiota can exert direct or indirect effects in different phases of colorectal cancer genesis.For example,Fusobacterium nucleatum promotes cancer through cellular proliferation and some strains of Escherichia coli and Bacteroides fragilis produce genotoxins.However,dysbiosis may also cause a proinflammatory state and the stimulation of a Th17 response with IL-17 and IL-22 secretion that have a pro-oncogenic activity,as demonstrated for Fusobacterium nucleatum.Microbiota has a crucial role in several stages of postoperative course;dysbiosis in fact seems related with surgical site infections and Enterococcus faecalis(and other collagenase-producers microbes)are suggested as a cause of anastomotic leak.Consequently,unbalanced presence of some species,together with altered immune response may also have a prognostic role.Microbiota has also a substantial role in effectiveness of chemotherapy,chemoresistance and in the related side effects.In other words,a complete knowledge of the fine pathological mechanisms of gut microbiota may provide a wide range of new diagnostic tools other than therapeutic targets in the light of tailored medicine. | Ilenia Bartolini Matteo Risaliti Maria Novella Ringressi Filippo Melli Giulia Nannini Amedeo Amedei Paolo Muiesan Antonio Taddei | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，20： | 6 |
| 12 | Metabolomics profile in gastrointestinal cancers:Update and future perspectives显示文摘Despite recent progress in diagnosis and therapy,gastrointestinal(GI)cancers remain one of the most important causes of death with a poor prognosis due to late diagnosis.Serum tumor markers and detection of occult blood in the stool are the current tests used in the clinic of GI cancers;however,these tests are not useful as diagnostic screening since they have low specificity and low sensitivity.Considering that one of the hallmarks of cancer is dysregulated metabolism and metabolomics is an optimal approach to illustrate the metabolic mechanisms that belong to living systems,is now clear that this-omics could open a new way to study cancer.In the last years,nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)metabolomics has demonstrated to be an optimal approach for diseases’diagnosis nevertheless a few studies focus on the NMR capability to find new biomarkers for early diagnosis of GI cancers.For these reasons in this review,we will give an update on the status of NMR metabolomic studies for the diagnosis and development of GI cancers using biological fluids. | Giulia Nannini Gaia Meoni Amedeo Amedei Leonardo Tenori | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，20： | 5 |
| 13 | Clinical features and natural history of cryptogenic cirrhosis compared to hepatitis C virus-related cirrhosis显示文摘AIM To characterize natural history of cryptogenic cirrhosis(CC) and compare its clinical features and outcomes to those of hepatitis C virus(HCV)-related cirrhosis.METHODS A prospective cohort of 102 consecutive patients at their first diagnosis of CC were enrolled in this study. The clinical data and outcomes were compared to an ageand Child-pugh class-matched cohort of 110 patients with HCV-related cirrhosis. Diagnosis of cirrhosis was based on compatible clinical and laboratory parameters, ultrasound/endoscopic parameters and, whenever possible, on histological grounds and transient elastography. All cases of cirrhosis without a definite etiology were enrolled in the CC group. The parameters assessed were:(1) severity of liver disease at the time of first diagnosis;(2) liver decompensation during follow-up;(3) hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC);(4) orthotopic liver transplantation; and(5) death. The independent associated factors were evaluated by multiple logistic regression analysis, and survival and its determinants by the Kaplan-Meier model, log-rank test and Cox regression.RESULTS At the first observation, median age was 66 and 65 years and male gender was 36% and 58% for CC and HCV cirrhosis, respectively. CC showed Child-pugh class A/B/C of 47%/31%/22%, respectively. Compared to HCV cirrhosis, CC exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome(12% vs 54%, respectively), overweight/obesity, high BMI, impaired glucose tolerance, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia, cardiovascular diseases, extrahepatic cancer, and gallstones. Over a median period of 42 mo of follow-up, liver decompensation, HCC development and death for CC and HCV-related cirrhosis were 60.8%, and 54.4%, 16.7% and 17.2%, 39.2% and 30%, respectively. The median survival was 60 mo for CC. Independent predictors of death were age and Childpugh class at diagnosis. CC showed an approximately twofold higher incidence of HCC in Child-pugh class A.CONCLUSION Undiagnosed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has an etiologic role in CC that is associated with a poor prognosis, early HCC development, high risk of cardiovascular disease and extrahepatic cancer. | Luca Rinaldi Fabio Nascimbeni Mauro Giordano Chiara Masetti Barbara Guerrera Annalisa Amelia Maria Chiara Fascione Stefano Ballestri Dante Romagnoli Rosa Zampino Riccardo Nevola Enrica Baldelli Natalina Iuliano Valerio Rosato Amedeo Lonardo Luigi Elio Adinolfi | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，8： | 5 |
| 14 | Health-related quality of life outcomes after cholecystectomy显示文摘Gallbladder diseases are very common in developed countries. Complicated gallstone disease represents the most frequent of biliary disorders for which surgery is regularly advocated. As regards, cholecystectomy represents a common abdominal surgical intervention; it can be performed as either an elective intervention or emergency surgery, in the case of gangrene, perforation, peritonitis or sepsis. Nowadays, the laparoscopic approach is preferred over open laparotomy. Globally, numerous cholecystectomies are performed daily; however, little evidence exists regarding assessment of post-surgical quality of life (QOL) following these interventions. To assess post-cholecystectomy QOL, in fact, documentation of high quality care has been subject to extended discussions, and the use of patientreported outcome satisfaction for quality improvement has been advocated for several years. However, there has been little research published regarding QOL out-comes following cholecystectomy; in addition, much of the current literature lacks systematic data on patientcentered outcomes. Then, although several tools have been used to measure QOL after cholecystectomy, diffi culty remains in selecting meaningful parameters in order to obtain reproducible data to reflect postoperative QOL. The aim of this study was to review the impact of surgery for gallbladder diseases on QOL. This review includes Medline searches of current literature on QOL following cholecystectomy. Most studies demonstrated that symptomatic patients profi ted more from surgery than patients receiving an elective intervention. Thus, the gain in QOL depends on the general conditions before surgery, and patients without symptoms profi t less or may even have a reduction in QOL. | Amedeo Carraro Dania El Mazloum Florian Bihl | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，45： | 5 |
| 15 | Clinical management of inflammatory bowel disease in the organ recipient显示文摘There was estimated a higher incidence of de novo inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)after solid organ transplantation than in the general population.The onset of IBD in the organ transplant recipient population is an important clinical situation which is associated to higher morbidity and difficulty in the medical therapeutic management because of possible interaction between anti-reject therapy and IBD therapy.IBD course after liver transplantation(LT)is variable,but about one third of patients may worsen,needing an increase in medical therapy or a colectomy.Active IBD at the time of LT,discontinuation of 5-aminosalicylic acid or azathioprine at the time of LT and use of tacrolimusbased immunosuppression may be associated with an unfavorable outcome of IBD after LT.Anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNFα)therapy for refractory IBD may be an effective and safe therapeutic option after LT.The little experience of the use of biological therapy in transplanted patients,with concomitant anti-rejection therapy,suggests there be a higher more careful surveillance regarding the risk of infectious diseases,autoimmune diseases,and neoplasms.An increased risk of colorectal cancer(CRC)is present also after LT in IBD patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC).Anannual program of endoscopic surveillance with serial biopsies for CRC is recommended.A prophylactic colectomy in selected IBD/PSC patients with CRC risk factors could be a good management strategy in the CRC prevention,but it is used infrequently in the majority of LT centers.About 30%of patients develop multiple IBD recurrence and 20%of patients require a colectomy after renal transplantation.Like in the liver transplantation,anti-TNFαtherapy could be an effective treatment in IBD patients with conventional refractory therapy after renal or heart transplantation.A large number of patients are needed to confirm the preliminary observations.Regarding the higher clinical complexity of this subgroup of IBD patients,a close multidisciplinary approach between an IBD dedicated gastroenterologist and surgeon and an organ transplantation specialist is necessary in order to have the best clinical management of IBD after transplantation. | Amedeo Indriolo Paolo Ravelli | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，13： | 4 |
| 16 | Ultrasonographic fatty liver indicator, a novel score which rules out NASH and is correlated with metabolic parameters in NAFLD显示文摘 | Stefano Ballestri Amedeo Lonardo Dante Romagnoli Lucia Carulli Luisa Losi Christopher P. Day Paola Loria | 2012 | Liver Int2012，，8： | 4 |
| 17 | Fatty liver is associated with an increased risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease- Evidence from three different disease models: NAFLD, HCV and HIV显示文摘Fatty liver, which frequently coexists with necroinflammatory and fibrotic changes, may occur in the setting of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) and chronic infections due to either hepatitis C virus(HCV) or human immunodeficiency virus(HIV). These three pathologic conditions are associated with an increased prevalence and incidence of cardiovascular disease(CVD) and type 2 diabetes(T2D). In this multidisciplinary clinical review, we aim to discuss the ever-expanding wealth of clinical and epidemiological evidence supporting a key role of fatty liver in the development of T2 D and CVD in patients with NAFLD and in those with HCV or HIV infections. For each of these three common diseases, the epidemiological features, pathophysiologic mechanisms and clinical implications of the presence of fatty liver in predicting the risk of incident T2 D and CVD are examined in depth. Collectively, the data discussed in this updated review, which follows an innovative comparative approach, further reinforce the conclusion that the presence of fatty/inflamed/fibrotic liver might be a shared important determinant for the development of T2 D and CVD in patients with NAFLD, HCV or HIV. This review may also open new avenues in the clinical and research arenas and paves the way for the planning of future, well-designed prospective and intervention studies. | Amedeo Lonardo Stefano Ballestri Giovanni Guaraldi Fabio Nascimbeni Dante Romagnoli Stefano Zona Giovanni Targher | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，44： | 4 |
| 18 | Evaluation and comparison of short chain fatty acids composition in gut diseases显示文摘BACKGROUND An altered (dysbiosis) and unhealthy status of the gut microbiota is usually responsible for a reduction of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentration. SCFAs obtained from the carbohydrate fermentation processes are crucial in maintaining gut homeostasis and their determination in stool samples could provide a faster, reliable and cheaper method to highlight the presence of an intestinal dysbiosis and a biomarker for various gut diseases. We hypothesize that different intestinal diseases, such as celiac disease (CD), adenomatous polyposis (AP) and colorectal cancer (CRC) could display a particular fecal SCFAs’ signature. AIM To compare the fecal SCFAs’ profiles of CD, AP, CRC patients and healthy controls, using the same analytical method. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we defined and compared the SCFAs’ concentration in fecal samples of 9 AP, 16 CD, 19 CRC patients and 16 healthy controls (HC). The SCFAs’ analysis were performed using a gas-chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry method. Data analysis was carried out using Wilcoxon ranksum test to assess pairwise differences of SCFAs’ profiles, partial least squaresdiscriminate analysis (PLS-DA) to determine the status membership based on distinct SCFAs’ profiles, and Dirichlet regression to determine factors influencing concentration levels of SCFAs. RESULTS We have not observed any difference in the SCFAs’ amount and composition between CD and healthy control. On the contrary, the total amount of SCFAs was significantly lower in CRC patients compared to HC (P = 0.044) and CD (P = 0.005). Moreover, the SCFAs’ percentage composition was different in CRC and AP compared to HC. In detail, HC displayed higher percentage of acetic acid (P value = 1.3 × 10-6) and a lower amount of butyric (P value = 0.02192), isobutyric (P value = 7.4 × 10-5), isovaleric (P value = 0.00012) and valeric (P value = 0.00014) acids compared to CRC patients. AP showed a lower abundance of acetic acid (P value = 0.00062) and higher percentages of propionic (P value = 0.00433) and isovaleric (P value = 0.00433) acids compared to HC. Moreover, AP showed higher levels of propionic acid (P value = 0.03251) and a lower level of isobutyric acid (P value = 0.00427) in comparison to CRC. The PLS-DA model demonstrated a significant separation of CRC and AP groups from HC, although some degree of overlap was observed between CRC and AP. CONCLUSION Analysis of fecal SCFAs shows the potential to provide a non-invasive means of diagnosis to detect patients with CRC and AP, while CD patients cannot be discriminated from healthy subjects. | Elena Niccolai Simone Baldi Federica Ricci Edda Russo Giulia Nannini Marta Menicatti Giovanni Poli Antonio Taddei Gianluca Bartolucci Antonino Salvatore Calabrò Francesco Claudio Stingo Amedeo Amedei | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，36： | 4 |
| 19 | Hepatocellular carcinoma metastatic to the kidney mimicking renal oncocytoma显示文摘BACKGROUND:Renal metastases of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) are very rare.To our knowledge only five cases have been reported to the present;all had a well-known primary HCC.METHODS:We describe the clinico-pathological features of a rare case of HCC metastatic to the kidney in which the renal mass was the clinical debut of disease.The patient was a 54-year-old woman previously submitted to orthotopic liver transplantation,who underwent left nephrectomy for a renal mass.RESULTS:Histologically,the tumor was composed mainly of epithelioid cells with homogeneous acidophilic cytoplasm resembling oncocytoma or primary renal carcinoma with oncocytic features.A correct diagnosis was made on the basis of positive immunostaining for hepatocyte paraffin 1.CONCLUSIONS:Metastasis to the kidney is a rare complication that should be considered whenever a renal mass is present in patients with HCC.Since HCC may histologically resemble primary renal tumors such as oncocytoma,pathologists must be aware of this possibility above all in patients referred for liver transplantation and treated with immunosuppressant drugs.Immunohistochemistry is particularly helpful to establish a precise diagnosis in cases of doubt. | Antonio D'Antonio Alessia Caleo Oliviero Caleo Maria Addesso Amedeo Boscaino | 2010 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2010，9，5： | 4 |
| 20 | Chronic HCV infection is a risk of atherosclerosis. Role of HCV and HCV-related steatosis显示文摘 | Luigi E. Adinolfi Luciano Restivo Rosa Zampino Barbara Guerrera Amedeo Lonardo Laura Ruggiero Francesco Riello Paola Loria Anna Florio | 2012 | Atherosclerosis2012，，2： | 3 |
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