| 1 | 澳大利亚人乳头状瘤病毒疫苗计划实施5年对年轻人群生殖器疣患病情况的影响:国家调查数据分析显示文摘目的评估2007年中开始的澳大利亚人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)疫苗计划对生殖器疣患病情况的影响。设计国家调查数据趋势分析。数据来源数据收集于2004--2011年度澳大利亚8所性健康服务机构;其中2所最大的临床中心收集了自我报告的本中心2009年度HPV疫苗现状。研究对象2004--2011年度首次就诊的85770名澳大利亚出生的国民;其中7686(9.0%)名患生殖器疣。主要结局测量比较前疫苗时期(2004—2007年中)和疫苗时期(2007年中-2001年末)不同人群生殖器疣新发病率变化趋势。结果疫苗时期21岁以下和21~30岁女性诊断患有生殖器疣的比例明显下降,发病率分别从2007年度的11.5%和11.3%下降至2011年度的0.85%和3.1%,P均〈0.001。在30岁以上的女性中未发现发病率的明显下降。在21岁以下和21~30岁异性恋男性人群中疫苗时期生殖器疣的发病率较前疫苗时期明显下降,分别由2007年度12.1%和18.2%下降至2011年度2.2%和8.9%,P均〈0.001。30岁以上的异性恋男性人群中发病率无明显下降。2011年235名21岁以下女性在使用HPV疫苗后无新发生殖器疣病例。结论年轻女性生殖器疣发病率的显著下降和2011年度部分年轻女性使用疫苗后的零发病率,说明HPV疫苗获得实验室外的良好功效。异性恋男性生殖器疣发病率的显著下降可能是由于群体免疫所致。 | Hammad Ali,lecturer Basil Donovan, professor HandanWand,senior lecturer Tim R H Read, sexual health physician David G Regan,senior lecturer Andrew E Grulich, professor Christopher K FaMey, professor Rebecca J Guy, associate professor 尹婕(译) 潘凌亚(校) | 2013 | 英国医学杂志中文版2013，16，4： | 4 |
| 2 | Repeat HIV Testing and Incident Rates among Individuals Attending Voluntary Counseling and Testing Clinics in Wuxi, China: A Retrospective Study显示文摘Objective We aimed to elucidate the rates of repeat HIV testing and incident HIV diagnosis,and baseline CD^(4+) T cell count among individuals attending HIV voluntary counseling and testing(VCT) clinics in Wuxi,China.Methods A repeat HIV testing within 12 months was recorded if individuals had their first test with negative results,during 2013-2014 and retested within 12 months.An incident HIV diagnosis was recorded if individuals had their first test with negative results,during 2013-2015 and had a subsequent positive result at any point by the end of 2015.Data on HIV testing and diagnosis among individuals attending 32 VCT clinics from 2013 to 2015 and HIV diagnosis from other clinical services in Wuxi,China,were retrieved.A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze factors associated with repeat HIV testing.Cox regression was used to evaluate factors associated with incident HIV diagnosis.Results From 2013 to 2014,11,504 individuals tested HIV negative at their first recorded test,with 655(5.7%) retesting within 12 months.Higher repeat HIV testing within 12 months was associated with male gender [adjusted odds ratio(a OR) = 1.7,95% confidence interval(CI): 1.4-2.2],risk behaviors [commercial heterosexual behaviors(a OR = 1.4,CI: 1.1-1.6),male-male sexual behaviors(a OR = 3.7,CI: 2.7-4.9)],injection drug use(a OR = 9.9,CI: 6.5-15.1),and having taken HIV tests previously(a OR = 2.0,CI: 1.6-2.4).From 2013 to 2015,1,088 individuals tested negative on HIV test at their visit and at ≥ 2 subsequent tests; of them 30 had incident HIV diagnosis.The overall rate of incident HIV diagnosis among all VCT individuals was 1.6(95% CI: 1.1-2.1) per 100 person-years.Incident HIV diagnosis was associated with male gender [adjusted hazard ratio(a HR) = 8.5,95% CI: 1.9-38.1],attending hospital-based VCT clinics(a HR = 7.8,95% CI: 1.1-58.3),and male-male sexual behavior(a HR = 8.4,95% CI: 1.5-46.7).Individuals diagnosed at VCT clinics had higher CD^(4+) T cell count compared with those diagnosed at other clinical services(median 407 vs.326 copies/mm^3,P = 0.003).Conclusion VCT individuals in Wuxi,China,had a low repeat HIV testing rate and high HIV incidence.VCT-clinic-based interventions aimed at increasing repeat HIV testing are needed to detect more cases at an earlier stage,especially among individuals at high risk for HIV infection such as men who have sex with men. | MENG Xiao Jun Andrew GRULICH WANG Xu Wen YIN Han Lu GU Jing ZHANG Xuan ZOU Hua Chun | 2018 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2018，31，1： | 1 |
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