|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | 系统综述和荟萃分析优先报告的条目:PRISMA声明显示文摘为了提高系统综述和荟萃分析文章报告的质量,2009年由国际著名专家组成的系统综述和荟萃分析优先报告的条目(Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses,PRISMA)小组在国际重要医学期刊包括《英国医学杂志》、《临床流行病学杂志》、《内科学年鉴》和美国《公共科学图书馆医学杂志》等同步发表了《系统综述与荟萃分析优先报告条目:PRISMA声明》。该标准的制定对于改进和提高系统综述和荟萃分析的报告质量将起到重要作用。该声明较以往制定的《随机对照试验荟萃分析报告质量》(Quality of Reporting of Meta-Analyses),即《QUOROM声明》更加全面、完善。由于近年采国内外对系统综述的高度重视,发表的文章数量也越来越多,因此,有必要规范报告的标准,提高报告的质量。这份声明对系统综述和荟萃分析类文章报告的27个条目及流程图进行了定义和介绍,对相关条目进行了详细的解释和说明。及时向国内读者和临床试验研究人员介绍该声明具有重要的现实意义和学术价值。北京中医药大学循证医学中心刘建平等在第一时间内翻译了该声明,本刊希望通过介绍中文版《系统综述与荟萃分析优先报告的条目:PRISMA声明》,以进一步提高国内系统综述文章撰写和报告的质量,同时也有助于改进研究设计的方法学质量。本文的英文原文'Preferred reporring items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses:the PRISMAstatement'发表于PLoS Med.2009;6(7):e1000097.doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097。该文中文版本由北京中医药大学循证医学中心李迅、曹卉娟翻译,刘建平审校(Tel:010-64286760;E-mail:jianping_l@hotmail.com)。中文译文的翻译出版由国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目资助(No.200608504602)。 | David Moher Alessandro Liberati Jennifer Tetzlaff Douglas G. Altman PRISMA Group | 2009 | 中西医结合学报2009，7，9： | 156 |
| 2 | Metal Fabrication by Additive Manufacturing Using Laser and Electron Beam Melting Technologies显示文摘Selective laser melting (SLM) and electron beam melting (EBM) are relatively new rapid, additive manufac- turing technologies which can allow for the fabrication of complex, multi-functional metal or alloy monoliths by CAD-directed, selective melting of precursor powder beds. By altering the beam parameters and scan strategies, new and unusual, even non-equilibrium microstructures can be produced; including controlled microstructural architectures which ideally extend the contemporary materials science and engineering paradigm relating structure-properties-processing-performance. In this study, comparative examples for SLM and EBM fabricated components from pre-alloyed, atomized precursor powders are presented. These include Cu, Ti–6Al–4V, alloy 625 (a Ni-base superalloy), a Co-base superalloy, and 17-4 PH stainless steel. These systems are characterized by optical metallography, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. | Lawrence E. Murr Sara M. Gaytan Diana A. Ramirez Edwin Martinez Jennifer Hernandez Krista N. Amato Patrick W. Shindo Francisco R. Medina Ryan B. Wicker | 2012 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2012，28，1： | 98 |
| 3 | 急性缺血性卒中静脉阿替普酶溶栓治疗的纳入和排除标准的科学依据美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会对医疗卫生专业人员发布的声明(续前)显示文摘19 颅内出血史
根据最初的 FDA 标签和2013年AHA/ASA指南,颅内出血史是静脉阿替普酶治疗缺血性卒中的一项额外禁忌证或排除标准。最近修订后的标签仅将近期 ICH 列为一项警告,并且在禁忌证中删除了ICH史。与前面讨论的静脉阿替普酶治疗排除标准相似,文献回顾仅在大样本回顾性研究中发现了少量这类病例。缺乏相关数据可能是修订后的FDA 标签不再将 ICH 史作为禁忌证而仅将近期ICH 列为一项警告的原因。在这种情况下,FDA 如何定义“近期”一词尚不清楚。有趣的是,对在静脉阿替普酶治疗前通过 MRI 检测脑微出血( cerebral microbleed, CMBs)存在情况进行的研究可为这个卒中亚组患者提供更多的见解。从病理生理学角度,这种微出血的原因尚不清楚,可能反映再灌注损伤或脑血管自动调节功能破坏。因此,在静脉阿替普酶治疗后出现这些损害可能没有意义或是人为信号。 | Dawn O. Kleindorfer Opeolu M. Adeoye Andrew M. Demchuk Jennifer E. Fugate James C. Grotta Alexander A. Khalessi Elad I. Levy Yuko Y. Palesch Shyam Prabhakaran Gustavo Saposnik Jeffrey L. Saver Eric E. Smith 高圆圆 顾雨铖 徐欣 徐曼曼 张佳慧 李韶雅 冒萧萧 陈歆 徐运 | 2016 | 国际脑血管病杂志2016，24，5： | 98 |
| 4 | Epidemiology of ovarian cancer:a review显示文摘Ovarian cancer(OC) is the seventh most commonly diagnosed cancer among women in the world and the tenth most common in China. Epithelial OC is the most predominant pathologic subtype, with five major histotypes that differ in origination,pathogenesis, molecular alterations, risk factors, and prognosis. Genetic susceptibility is manifested by rare inherited mutations with high to moderate penetrance. Genome-wide association studies have additionally identified 29 common susceptibility alleles for OC, including 14 subtype-specific alleles. Several reproductive and hormonal factors may lower risk, including parity, oral contraceptive use, and lactation, while others such as older age at menopause and hormone replacement therapy confer increased risks. These associations differ by histotype, especially for mucinous OC, likely reflecting differences in etiology. Endometrioid and clear cell OC share a similar, unique pattern of associations with increased risks among women with endometriosis and decreased risks associated with tubal ligation. OC risks associated with other gynecological conditions and procedures, such as hysterectomy,pelvic inflammatory disease, and polycystic ovarian syndrome, are less clear. Other possible risk factors include environmental and lifestyle factors such as asbestos and talc powder exposures, and cigarette smoking. The epidemiology provides clues on etiology,primary prevention, early detection, and possibly even therapeutic strategies. | Brett M.Reid Jennifer B.Permuth Thomas A.Sellers | 2017 | Cancer Biology & Medicine2017，14，1： | 108 |
| 5 | Gut microbiota imbalance and colorectal cancer显示文摘The gut microbiota acts as a real organ. The symbiotic interactions between resident micro-organisms and the digestive tract highly contribute to maintain the gut homeostasis. However, alterations to the microbiome caused by environmental changes(e.g., infection, diet and/or lifestyle) can disturb this symbiotic relationship and promote disease, such as inflammatory bowel diseases and cancer. Colorectal cancer is a complex association of tumoral cells, non-neoplastic cells and a large amount of micro-organisms, and the involvement of the microbiota in colorectal carcinogenesis is becoming increasingly clear. Indeed, many changes in the bacterial composition of the gut microbiota have been reported in colorectal cancer, suggesting a major role of dysbiosis in colorectal carcinogenesis. Some bacterial species have been identified and suspected to play a role in colorectal carcinogenesis, such as Streptococcus bovis, Helicobacter pylori, Bacteroides fragilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Clostridium septicum, Fusobacterium spp. and Escherichia coli. The potential pro-carcinogenic effects of these bacteria are now better understood. In this review, we discuss the possible links between the bacterial microbiota and colorectal carcinogenesis, focusing on dysbiosis and the potential pro-carcinogenic properties of bacteria, such as genotoxicity and other virulence factors, inflammation, host defenses modulation, bacterial derived metabolism, oxidative stress and anti-oxidative defenses modulation. We lastly describe how bacterial microbiota modifications could represent novel prognosis markers and/or targets for innovative therapeutic strategies. | Johan Gagnière Jennifer Raisch Julie Veziant Nicolas Barnich Richard Bonnet Emmanuel Buc Marie-Agnès Bringer Denis Pezet Mathilde Bonnet | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，2： | 76 |
| 6 | 中国农民的公平观念:基于村委会选举调查的实证研究显示文摘改革开放以来,中国弥漫着一种以结果,特别是经济发展结果论是非定成败的倾向,民意调查也表明公众认为经济发展优先于政治改革。那么,在于己有利的结果、达到分配公平的结果与程序的公平之间,究竟何者对中国人的公平观更具解释力?本文通过对我们关于农村居民对村委会选举公平性的情景实验调查数据的分析来回答这个问题,发现程序特征和分配公平对公平观的影响力,数倍于于己有利的结果的影响力。这些发现表明,中国的基层政治民主化具有公民政治文化基础。 | 张光 Jennifer R.Wilking 于淼 | 2010 | 社会学研究2010，，1： | 47 |
| 7 | Abstract from: Pharmacologic treatment of hypertension in adults aged 60 years or older to higher versus lower blood pressure targets: A clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians and the American Academy of Family Physicians显示文摘Description: The American College of Physicians (ACP) and the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) jointly developed this guideline to present the evidence and provide clinical recommendations based on the benefits and harms of higher versus lower blood pressure targets for the treatment of hypertension in adults aged 60 years or older. | Amir Qaseem Timothy J. Wilt Robert Rich Linda L. Humphrey Jennifer Frost Mary Ann Forciea | 2017 | Chinese Nursing Research2017，4，4： | 43 |
| 8 | Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the freshwater aquatic environment显示文摘Pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs)are a unique group of emerging environmental contaminants,due to their inherent ability to induce physiological effects in human at low doses.An increasing number of studies has confirmed the presence of various PPCPs in different environmental compartments,which raises concerns about the potential adverse effects to humans and wildlife.Therefore,this article reviews the current state-of-knowledge on PPCPs in the freshwater aquatic environment.The environmental risk posed by these contaminants is evaluated in light of the persistence,bioaccumulation and toxicity criteria.Available literature on the sources,transport and degradation of PPCPs in the aquatic environment are evaluated,followed by a comprehensive review of the reported concentrations of different PPCP groups in the freshwater aquatic environment(water,sediment and biota)of the five continents.Finally,future perspectives for research on PPCPs in the freshwater aquatic environment are discussed in light of the identified research gaps in current knowledge. | Anekwe Jennifer Ebele Mohamed Abou-Elwafa Abdallah Stuart Harrad | 2017 | Emerging Contaminants2017，3，1： | 44 |
| 9 | Fast-track program vs traditional care in surgery for gastric cancer显示文摘AIM:To systematically review the evidence for the effectiveness of fast-track program vs traditional care in laparoscopic or open surgery for gastric cancer.METHODS:PubMed,Embase and the Cochrane library databases were electronically searched for published studies between January 1995 and April 2013,and only randomized trials were included.The references of relevant studies were manually searched for further studies that may have been missed.Search terms included'gastric cancer','fast track'and'enhanced recovery'.Five outcome variables were considered most suitable for analysis:postoperative hospital stay,medical cost,duration to first flatus,C-reactive protein(CRP)level and complications.Postoperative hospital stay was calculated from the date of operation to the date of discharge.Fixed effects model was used for meta-analysis.RESULTS:Compared with traditional care,fasttrack program could significantly decrease the postoperative hospital stay[weighted mean difference(WMD)=-1.19,95%CI:-1.79--0.60,P=0.0001,fixed model],duration to first flatus(WMD=-6.82,95%CI:-11.51--2.13,P=0.004),medical costs(WMD=-2590,95%CI:-4054--1126,P=0.001),and the level of CRP(WMD=-17.78,95%CI:-32.22--3.35,P=0.0001)in laparoscopic surgery for gastric cancer.In open surgery for gastric cancer,fast-track program could also significantly decrease the postoperative hospital stay(WMD=-1.99,95%CI:-2.09--1.89,P=0.0001),duration to first flatus(WMD=-12.0,95%CI:-18.89--5.11,P=0.001),medical cost(WMD=-3674,95%CI:-5025--2323,P=0.0001),and the level of CRP(WMD=-27.34,95%CI:-35.42--19.26,P=0.0001).Furthermore,fast-track program did not significantly increase the incidence of complication(RR=1.39,95%CI:0.77-2.51,P=0.27,for laparoscopic surgery;and RR=1.52,95%CI:0.90-2.56,P=0.12,for open surgery).CONCLUSION:Our overall results suggested that compared with traditional care,fast-track program could result in shorter postoperative hospital stay,less medical costs,and lower level of CRP,with no more complications occurring in both laparoscopic and open surgery for gastric cancer. | Zhi-Xing Chen Ae-Huey Jennifer Liu Ying Cen | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，2： | 41 |
| 10 | Use of portal pressure studies in the management of variceal haemorrhage显示文摘Portal hypertension occurs as a complication of liver cirrhosis and complications such as variceal bleeding lead to significant demands on resources. Endoscopy is the gold standard method for screening cirrhotic patients however universal endoscopic screening may mean a lot of unnecessary procedures as the presence of oesophageal varices is variable hence a large time and cost burden on endoscopy units to carry out both screening and subsequent follow up of variceal bleeds. A less invasive method to identify those at high risk of bleeding would allow earlier prophylactic measures to be applied. Hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) is an acceptable indirect measurement of portal hypertension and predictor of the complications of portal hypertension in adult cirrhotics. Varices develop at a HVPG of 10-12 mmHg with the appearance of other complications with HPVG > 12 mmHg. Variceal bleeding does not occur in pressures under 12 mmHg. HPVG > 20 mmHg measured early after admission is a significant prognostic indicator of failure to control bleeding varices, indeed early transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) in such circumstances reduces mortality significantly. HVPG can be used to identify responders to medical therapy. Patients who do not achieve the suggested reduction targets in HVPG have a high risk of rebleeding despite endoscopic ligation and may not derive significant overall mortality benefit from endoscopic intervention alone, ultimately requiring TIPS or liver transplantation. Early HVPG measurements following a variceal bleed can help to identify those at risk of treatment failure who may benefit from early intervention with TIPS. Therefore, we suggest using HVPG measurement as the investigation of choice in those with confirmed cirrhosis in place of endoscopy for intitial variceal screening and, where indicated, a trial of B-blockade, either intravenously during the initial pressure study with assessment of response or oral therapy with repeat HVPG six weeks later. In those with elevated pressures, primary medical prophylaxis could be commenced with subsequent close monitoring of HVPG thus negating the need for endoscopy at this point. All patients presenting with variceal haemorrhage should undergo HVPG measurement and those with a gradient greater than 20 mmHg should be considered for early TIPS. By introducing portal pressure studies into a management algorithm for variceal bleeding, the number of endoscopies required for further intervention and follow up can be reduced leading to significant savings in terms of cost and demand on resources. | Jennifer Addley Tony CK Tham William Jonathan Cash | 2012 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2012，4，7： | 37 |
| 11 | Current progress of China’s free ART program显示文摘China’s Free ART Program was initiated in 2002 as an emergency response to save and improve the lives of AIDS patients living mainly in impoverished rural regions of central China. With little experience in HIV/AIDS treatment and care and resource limitations, China’s efforts to provide widespread access to free antiretroviral therapy has been a process fraught with difficulty. However, the Free ART Program is progressing from an emergency response to a standardized treatment and care system. The development of national guidelines, training programs, a laboratory sup- port network, a national patient database, programs for special populations such as children and patients living with co- infections, and operational research has improved the scope and quality of the free treatment program. As of June 30, 2005, a total of 19,456 patients in 28 provinces, autonomous regions, and special municipalities had received free ART. Challenges stemming from the nature of China’s health system and patient population persist, but with strong govern- ment support and a diverse set of resources, China has the capacity to overcome these challenges and to provide nationwide access to high quality treatment and care. | Jennifer PAN | 2005 | Cell Research2005，15，11： | 37 |
| 12 | Gut flora and bacterial translocation in chronic liver disease显示文摘增加的证据建议内脏植物群的精神错乱具有到有肝硬化的病人的实质的临床的关联。特别地,肠的细菌的增生和从肠的腔的内脏植物群的增加的细菌的易位在这个组为细菌的感染预先安排到一个增加的潜力。最近的研究建议除了他们在公开易传染的事件的致病和败血的临床的后果的角色,内脏植物群甚至当公开感染不在时贡献肝硬化的支持 inflammatory 状态。而且,内脏植物群的操作可以有利在肝脏硬化症的病人影响肝功能与更病原的潜力在损坏另外的内脏植物群种类的情况下扩充乳的酸类型的细菌的肠的内容。这里,我们在这个组考察在内脏植物群,细菌的易位,细菌的感染,支持 inflammatory cytokine 生产和肝功能之间的各种各样的相互关系的当前的概念。 | John Almeida Sumedha Galhenage Jennifer Yu Jelica Kurtovic Stephen M Riordan | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，10： | 37 |
| 13 | Exosomal PD-L1 harbors active defense function to suppress T cell killing of breast cancer cells and promote tumor growth显示文摘 | Yi Yang Chia-Wei Li Li-Chuan Chan Yongkun Wei Jung-Mao Hsu Weiya Xia Jong-Ho Cha Junwei Hou Jennifer L. Hsu Linlin Sun Mien-Chie Hung | 2018 | Cell Research2018，28，8： | 35 |
| 14 | Chronic hepatitis B infection in pregnancy显示文摘There are no standard guidelines to follow when a patient with chronic hepatitis B infection becomes pregnant or desires pregnancy. Topics to consider include which patients to treat, when to start treatment, what treatment to use and when to stop treatment. Without any prophylaxis or antiviral therapy, a hepatitis B surface antigen and E antigen positive mother has up to a 90% likelihood of vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus(HBV) to child. Standard of care in the United States to prevent perinatal transmission consists of administration of hepatitis B immune globulin and HBV vaccination to the infant. The two strongest risk factors of mother to child transmission(MTCT) of HBV infection despite immunoprophylaxis are high maternal HBV viral load and high activity of viral replication. The goal is to prevent transmission of HBV at birth by decreasing viral load and/or decreasing activity of the virus. Although it is still somewhat controversial, most evidence shows that starting antivirals in the third trimester is effective in decreasing MTCT without affecting fetal development. There is a growing body of literature supporting the safety and efficacy of antiviral therapies to reduce MTCT of hepatitis B. There are no formal recommendations regarding which agent to choose. Tenofovir, lamivudine and telbivudine have all been proven efficacious in decreasing viral load at birth without known birth defects, but final decision of which antiviral medication to use will have to be determined by physician and patient. The antivirals may be discontinued immediately if patient is breastfeeding, or within first four weeks if infant is being formula fed. | Jennifer R Lamberth Sheila C Reddy Jen-Jung Pan Kevin J Dasher | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，9： | 32 |
| 15 | STEM教育研究与实践的理念与路径——访不列颠哥伦比亚大学科学教育专家Samson Nashon教授显示文摘目前,培养具有创新精神与实践能力的复合性人才已经成为当今世界各国教育改革的重要任务。STEM教育的理念出现,无疑成为了解决学科间深度融合问题的有效途径。从传统的分科教学到如今强调学科之间的深度融合,STEM教育为学生科学探究思维的培养带来了革命性的变化。《2017中国STEM教育白皮书》的发布、'中国STEM教育2029创新行动计划'的启动无疑成为了我国助推STEM教育的开展与相关产业快速发展的巨大动力。国际上,科学教育与教育技术相关领域的专家学者普遍关注STEM教育的基础理论研究与实践路径研究,着眼于STEM教育的课程内容设计、人才培养目标、教师因素与环境因素对教学效果的影响、STEM教育相关产业发展等诸多问题。尤其是在STEM教育、科学教育过程中如何基于有效的问题情境设计课程活动、怎样利用与开发相关教育资源、如何树立学生正确的科学观等成为了教育实践中的新课题与新挑战。Samson Nashon博士是不列颠哥伦比亚大学(University of British Columbia)课程与教学论专业(Department of Curriculum&Pedagogy)教授、科学教育(Science Education)系主任,主要从事有关STEM教育和科学教育的教学方法与学习方法的相关研究。Samson教授关注科学教育过程中的学生的元认知与学习,并以建构主义理论为指导在科学教育的教学法、研究的设计与方法、教师教育等多个方面取得了丰硕的研究成果。他曾受邀在各类国际学术会议上发表科学教育主旨演讲20余场,发表学术论文100余篇,出版数部关于科学教育的教材、专著,如:Contemporary Science Teaching Approaches:Promoting conceptual understanding in science(2012年)、Promoting conceptual understanding in science(2012年)、Revision mathematics for primary teacher education(1996年)等。现主持20余项加拿大社会科学和人文研究委员会(SSHRC)、不列颠哥伦比亚省教育厅、不列颠哥伦比亚大学(UBC)各级各类项目,从事技术基础下的科学课程教学实践、理解跨情境学习、学生的科学话语认识方式等问题的研究。在本次访谈中,Samson教授从STEM与科学教育的关系、STEM环境设计因素的作用、STEM教育中的教师、STEM开展的关键策略、加拿大STEM教育研究开展状况等问题与我们进行了深入交流,着重介绍了STEM教育的情境设计策略与实践情况,对相关教学资源的建设与使用方法进行了探讨。以期为我国STEM教育的开展提供理论参考,为科学教育的开展与实践提供了可实施化路径。 | 陈晓慧 徐彬 张哲 Jennifer Jing Zhao | 2019 | 中国电化教育2019，，4： | 32 |
| 16 | Acupuncture's Role in Solving the Opioid Epidemic: Evidence, Cost-Effectiveness, and Care Availability for Acupuncture as a Primary, Non-Pharmacologic Method for Pain Relief and Management-White Paper 2017显示文摘The United States(U.S.) is facing a national opioid epidemic, and medical systems are in need of nonpharmacologic strategies that can be employed to decrease the public's opioid dependence. Acupuncture has emerged as a powerful, evidence-based, safe, cost-effective, and available treatment modality suitable to meeting this need. Acupuncture has been shown to be effective for the management of numerous types of pain conditions, and mechanisms of action for acupuncture have been described and are understandable from biomedical, physiologic perspectives. Further, acupuncture's cost-effectiveness can dramatically decrease health care expenditures, both from the standpoint of treating acute pain and through avoiding addiction to opioids that requires costly care, destroys quality of life, and can lead to fatal overdose. Numerous federal regulatory agencies have advised or mandated that healthcare systems and providers offer non-pharmacologic treatment options for pain. Acupuncture stands out as the most evidence-based, immediately available choice to fulfil these calls. Acupuncture can safely, easily, and cost-effectively be incorporated into hospital settings as diverse as the emergency department, labor and delivery suites, andneonatal intensive care units to treat a variety of commonly seen pain conditions. Acupuncture is already being successful y and meaningfully utilized by the Veterans Administration and various branches of the U.S. Military, in some studies demonstrably decreasing the volume of opioids prescribed when included in care. | arthur yin fan david w.miller bonnie bolash matthew bauer john mcdonald sarah faggert hongjian he yong ming li amy matecki lindy camardella mel hopper koppelman jennifer a.m.stone lindsay meade john pang | 2017 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2017，15，6： | 29 |
| 17 | Electro-acupuncture to prevent prolonged postoperative ileus:A randomized clinical trial显示文摘AIM:To examine whether acupuncture can prevent prolonged postoperative ileus(PPOI)after intraperitoneal surgery for colon cancer. METHODS:Ninety patients were recruited from the Fudan University Cancer Hospital,Shanghai,China. After surgery,patients were randomized to receive acupuncture(once daily,starting on postoperative day 1, for up to six consecutive days)or usual care.PPOI was defined as an inability to pass flatus or have a bowel movement by 96 h after surgery.The main outcomes were time to first flatus,time to first bowel movement, and electrogastroenterography.Secondary outcomes were quality of life(QOL)measures,including pain, nausea,insomnia,abdominal distension/fullness,and sense of well-being. RESULTS:No significant differences in PPOI on day 4 (P=0.71)or QOL measures were found between the groups.There were also no group differences when the data were analyzed by examining those whose PPOI had resolved by day 5(P=0.69)or day 6(P= 0.88).No adverse events related to acupuncture were reported. CONCLUSION:Acupuncture did not prevent PPOI andwas not useful for treating PPOI once it had developed in this population. | M Kay Garcia Joseph S Chiang Bob Thornton J Lynn Palmer Jennifer McQuade Lorenzo Cohen | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，1： | 27 |
| 18 | 颅内出血患者抗栓药逆转指南美国神经重症监护学会和美国重症医学会对医疗卫生专业人员的声明显示文摘背景抗栓药的使用,包括抗凝药、抗血小板药和溶栓药,在过去10年中日益增多并且预计将继续上升。虽然抗栓药相关性颅内出血可能是灾难性的,但快速逆转凝血功能障碍可能有助于限制血肿增大和改善转归。方法美国神经重症监护学会联合美国重症医学会组建了一个国际性多机构委员会,涉及的专业领域包括神经重症监护、神经内科、神经外科、卒中、血液学、血液病理学、急诊医学、药学、护理和指南制定,目的是进行文献评价并制定一份循证实践指南。该委员会进行了正式的文献检索,并对符合标准的研究进行了评价。结果利用GRADE方法学,委员会提出了在颅内出血情况下逆转维生素K拮抗药、直接Xa因子拮抗药、直接凝血酶抑制药、普通肝素、低分子肝素、类肝素、戊多糖、溶栓药和抗血小板药的推荐意见。结论该指南提供了及时和循证的抗栓药逆转策略以协助临床医生治疗抗栓药相关性颅内出血。 | Jennifer A. Frontera John J. Lewin Ⅲ Alejandro A. Rabinstein Imo P. Aisiku Anne W. Alexandrov Aaron M. Cook Gregory J. del Zoppo Monisha A. Kumar Ellinor I. B. Peerschke Michael F. Stiefel Jeanne S Teitelbaum Katja E. Wartenberg Cindy L. Zerfoss 杨一萍 谢丽丽 宁小金 季宇腾 柯开富 | 2016 | 国际脑血管病杂志2016，24，11： | 24 |
| 19 | 动迁居民的出行特征及其对社会分异和宜居水平的影响显示文摘以主动搬迁、选择动迁、被动安置3种不同搬迁类型的居民为研究对象,选择莘庄、江桥、三林地区进行实证调查,分析不同的搬迁类型对人们交通出行的影响,及其对社会分异的作用。分析表明,在通勤出行方面,主动搬迁的居民具有明显的优势,而被动安置的居民则处于绝对的劣势。并且通勤出行的不便对于被动安置居民的工作收入和交通支出有较大影响。人们动迁的目的是为了改善生活质量,正是这种影响差异性的存在,加剧了不同类型动迁居民的社会分异。最后根据建设部制定的《宜居城市科学评价标准》,对不同类型迁居居民的宜居性进行了评价。结果表明,尽管被动安置居民的住房条件有所改善,但他们的宜居性水平反而有所下降,所以城市在制定动迁和城市住房政策时务必将如何改善居民交通出行问题作为政策整体的一部份加以考虑。 | 潘海啸 王晓博 Jennifer Day | 2010 | 城市规划学刊2010，，6： | 23 |
| 20 | SPIRIT 2013声明:定义临床研究方案的标准条目显示文摘临床研究方案是临床研究设计、实行、报告和评价的基础。然而,临床研究方案及现存的临床研究方案指引在内容和质量上差异很大。本文描述了《规范临床研究方案内容》(Standard Protocol Items:Recommendations for Interventional Trials 2013 ),简称SPIRIT2013声明,一个临床研究方案必须报告的条目指引的系统建立和范围。 | An-Wen Chan Jennifer M.Tetzlaff Douglas G.Altman Andreas Laupacis Peter C.GΦtzsche Karmela Krleza-Jeri AsbjΦrn Hróbjartsson Howard Mann Kay Dickersin Jesse A.Berlin Caroline J.Doré Wendy R.Parulekar William S.M.Summerskill Trish Groves Kenneth F.Schulz Harold C.Sox Frank W.Rockhold Drummond Rennie David Moher 钟丽丹 郑颂华 吴泰相 李幼平 商洪才 张伯礼 唐旭东 吕爱平 卞兆祥 | 2013 | 中国循证医学杂志2013，13，12： | 23 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员