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| 1 | Biodegradable chitosan scaffolds containing microspheres as carriers for controlled transforming growth factor-β_1 delivery for cartilage tissue engineering显示文摘Background Natural articular cartilage has a limited capacity for spontaneous regeneration.Controlled release oftransforming growth factor-β_1(TGF-β_1)to cartilage defects can enhance chondrogenesis.In this study,we assessed thefeasibility of using biodegradable chitosan microspheres as carriers for controlled TGF-β_1 delivery and the effect ofreleased TGF-β_1 on the chondrogenic potential of chondrocytes.Methods Chitosan scaffolds and chitosan microspheres loaded with TGF-β_1 were prepared by the freeze-drying andthe emulsion-crosslinking method respectively.In vitro drug release kinetics,as measured by enzyme-linkedimmunosorbent assay,was monitored for 7 days.Lysozyme degradation was performed for 4 weeks to detect in vitrodegradability of the scaffolds and the microspheres.Rabbit chondrocytes were seeded on the scaffolds containingTGF-β_1 microspheres and incubated in vitro for 3 weeks.Histological examination and type Ⅱcollagenimmunohistochemical staining was performed to evaluate the effects of released TGF-β_1 on cell adhesivity,proliferationand synthesis of the extracellular matrix.Results TGF-β_1 was encapsulated into chitosan microspheres and the encapsulation efficiency of TGF-β_1 was high(90.1%).During 4 weeks of incubation in lysozyme solution for in vitro degradation,the mass of both the scaffolds andthe microspheres decreased continuously and significant morphological changes was noticed.From the releaseexperiments,it was found that TGF-β_1 could be released from the microspheres in a multiphasic fashion including aninitial burst phase,a slow linear release phase and a plateau phase.The release amount of TGF-β_1 was 37.4%,50.7%,61.3%,and 63.5% for 1,3,5,and 7 days respectively.At 21 days after cultivation,type Ⅱ collagen immunohistochemicalstaining was performed.The mean percentage of positive cells for collagen type II in control group(32.7%±10.4%)wassignificantly lower than that in the controlled TGF-β_1 release group(92.4%±4.8%,P<0.05).Both the proliferation rateand production of collagen type Ⅱ in the transforming growth factor-β_1 microsphere incorporated scaffolds weresignificantly higher than those in the scaffolds without microspheres,indicating that the activity of TGF-β_1 was retainedduring microsphere fabrication and after growth factor release.Conclusion Chitosan microspheres can serve as delivery vehicles for controlled release of TGF-β_1,and the releasedgrowth factor can augment chondrocytes proliferation and synthesis of extracellular matrix.Chitosan scaffoldsincorporated with chitosan microspheres loaded with TGF-β_1 possess a promising potential to be applied for controlledcytokine delivery and cartilage tissue engineering. | CAI Dao-zhang ZENG Chun QUAN Da-ping BU Li-si WANG Kun LU Hua-ding LI Xiao-feng | 2007 | Chinese Medical Journal2007，，3： | 20 |
| 2 | Dynamics of Saline-alkali Land and Its Ecological Regionalization in Western Songnen Plain, China显示文摘As the important reserve land resources for food production,saline-alkali land should play a significant role to ensure the national food security in the context of global food crisis. The western Songnen Plain is one of main distribution regions of saline-alkali land in China,with great potential in agricultural development. In this study,the extent,transformation,spatial distribution and temporal change of saline-alkali land in the western Songnen Plain during 1954–2005 were investigated by using remote sensing and GIS spatial analysis methods. Saline-alkali land change was detected from a temporal series of topographic maps in 1954,satellite images of Landsat MSS in 1976,Landsat TM/ETM in 1988,2000 and 2005 through artificial visual interpretation. The results indicated a significant expansion in saline-alkali land area and aggravation in salinization. The area of saline-alkali land had increased from 401.48×103 ha in 1954 to 1 097.45×103 ha in 2005. While the ratio of light,moderate and serious salinized land areas changed from 6.72︰2.92︰1.00 to 1.25︰1.06︰1.00 in the study period. Grassland,cropland,swampland and water body were the major land use and land cover types from which saline-alkali land transformed. And the secondary salinization occured mainly in Da′an City,Tongyu County,Changling County,Daqing City,Dorbod Mongolian Autonomous County and Zhaoyuan County. Finally,seven large ecoregions and 14 corresponding sub-ecoregions were delineated out based on spatio-temopral dynamic characteristics of saline-alkali land and geo-relational environmental attributes. According to the results,measures of amelioration and ways of development of saline-alkali land in the western Songnen Plain were put forward. | YANG Jiuchun ZHANG Shuwen LI Ying BU Kun ZHANG Yubo CHANG Liping ZHANG Yangzhen | 2010 | Chinese Geographical Science2010，20，2： | 17 |
| 3 | Reversing design methodology of investment casting die profile based on ProCAST显示文摘Turbine blade is one of the critical components of aircraft engine.The performance of the engine depends on the shape and dimensions of components,but superalloy blade material cannot be easily machined.Although investment casting is an ideal process for such net-shape components,it requires an accurate determination of the casting-die profile.In this paper,a reversing design methodology for investment casting die using ProCAST is proposed.By combining the methods of simplifying grid files and quick sorting,the efficiency of sorting and matching can be largely improved.Further,the mould/die cavity anti-deformation system can be easily built.With ProCAST,the optimized die profile for investment casting can be established. | Dou Yangqing Bu Kun Dou Yangliu Dong Yiwei | 2010 | China Foundry2010，7，2： | 10 |
| 4 | Remote Sensing Monitoring of Gullies on a Regional Scale: A Case Study of Kebai Region in Heilongjiang Province, China显示文摘Gully erosion is one of the major causes of land degradation in most areas and attracts increasing attention from researchers. We monitored gullies in the Kebai region in Heilongjiang Province of China by using remote sensing data and found that gully density increased with the increase in slope when the slope was less than 3°. Gully density in sunny slopes or windward slopes was greater than in shady slopes or leeward slopes because of the impacts of freezing and thawing, wind and solar radiation. Specifically, the gully density in northeast slope was the greatest and in southwest was the smallest. Gully density was reduced with increasing slope length and the longer the slope length, the less the gully density changed between 1965 and 2005. Affected by runoff, gullies most easily to occur in concave slopes and the critical elevation for gully erosion was 250–275 m. Moreover, hilly regions had the greatest gully density, followed by tableland regions, whereas the gully density in flatlands was the lowest. However, the gully density of these three types of landforms all increased between 1945 and 2000, and the portion of increase was 57.45%(hill), 52.91%(mesa) and 25.32%(plain), respectively. | ZHANG Shuwen LI Fei LI Tianqi YANG Jiuchun BU Kun CHANG Liping WANG Wenjuan YAN Yechao | 2015 | Chinese Geographical Science2015，25，5： | 10 |
| 5 | A review of historical reconstruction methods of land use/land cover显示文摘理解长期的人环境的相互作用要求过去的陆地使用和陆地封面变化的历史的重建。大多数重建从历史的来源首先基于一致地可得到、相对标准化的信息。基于可得到的数据来源和回顾的研究,在我们考察的这篇论文数字重建和分析的途径和方法他们在下列方面的优点和可能的限制:(1 ) 历史的文件关于过去的陆地使用包含质或半量的信息,它通常也包括档案的文件的陆地封面数据,而是准备是很费时间的。(2 ) 历史的地图和图画为视觉、空间的量的陆地封面提供信息。(3 ) 自然档案为经过植被重建作为一个方法有重要优点并且当历史的记录失踪或缺乏时,特别有它的唯一的可能性,但是它有重建某些陆地封面类型的大限制。(4 ) 历史的重建模型逐渐地从实验模型被开发了到机械学的。方法做不仅重建在历史的时期的陆地使用 / 盖住的数量,但是它也复制空间分发。然而仍然有有高空间的分辨率的很少历史的陆地封面数据集。(5 ) 重建方法能从多重观点基于多重来源的数据和多学科的研究造历史的陆地封面,补充失踪的数据,验证重建结果并且因此改进重建精确性。然而,有挑战,仍然在探索阶段做方法。这个方法能是为历史的陆地封面重建的一个长期的发展目标。研究人员们应该集中于由开发新模型与高空间的分辨率重建历史的陆地封面数据集以便学习结果能有效地在气候、生态的效果的模拟被使用。 | YANG Yuanyuan ZHANG Shuwen YANG Jiuchun CHANG Liping BU Kun XING Xiaoshi | 2014 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2014，24，4： | 9 |
| 6 | Highly Stretchable and Transparent Ionic Conductor with Novel Hydrophobicity and Extreme-Temperature Tolerance显示文摘Highly stretchable and transparent ionic conducting materials have enabled new concepts of electronic devices denoted as iontronics,with a distinguishable working mechanism and performances from the conventional electronics.However,the existing ionic conducting materials can hardly bear the humidity and temperature change of our daily life,which has greatly hindered the development and real-world application of iontronics.Herein,we design an ion gel possessing unique traits of hydrophobicity,humidity insensitivity,wide working temperature range(exceeding 100℃,and the range covered our daily life temperature),high conductivity(10^(-3)~10^(-5) S/cm),extensive stretchability,and high transparency,which is among the bestperforming ionic conductors ever developed for flexible iontronics.Several ion gel-based iontronics have been demonstrated,including large-deformation sensors,electroluminescent devices,and ionic cables,which can serve for a long time under harsh conditions.The designed material opens new potential for the real-world application progress of iontronics. | Lei Shi Kun Jia Yiyang Gao Hua Yang Yaming Ma Shiyao Lu Guoxin Gao Huaitian Bu Tongqing Lu Shujiang Ding | 2020 | Research2020，，1： | 7 |
| 7 | Anatomical variation of infra-pyloric artery origination: A prospective multicenter observational study (IPA-Origin)显示文摘Objective: Infra-pyloric artery(IPA) is an important anatomical landmark in treatment of gastric cancer and is the key vessel for pylorus-preserving gastrectomy and subgroup of infra-pyloric lymph nodes. However, its anatomical variation is not thoroughly understood. Our study aimed to clarify the origination of the IPA.Methods: We did this prospective, multicenter, open-label, observational study at gastric surgery departments of34 hospitals in China. Gastric cancer patients aged 18 years or older and scheduled to undergo elective total or distal gastrectomy were assigned. During the surgery, IPA dissecting and exposing the origination point with photographs or video clips were required. The primary outcome was the origination of the IPA. Analysis of variance, χ~2 tests and Fisher's tests were used to analyze the differences between groups. The study is registered at Clinicaltrials.gov(No. NCT03071237).Results: Between May 8 and July 31, 2017, 429 patients were assigned for the study, and 419(97.7%) patients had the IPA dissected and recorded through photograph or video and were included in the primary outcome analysis. The median age was 62 years old, and 73.7% were male. Among the patients, 78.5% received laparoscopic surgery. Single IPA origination was identified in 398(95.0%) patients, including gastroduodenal artery(GDA) in154(36.8%) patients, anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery(ASPDA) in 130(31.0%) patients, and right gastroepiploic artery(RGEA) in 114(27.2%) patients. Fifteen(3.6%) patients were identified with multiple IPA and 6(1.4%) patients were identified as IPA absence. The differences in the distribution of surgical approach(P=0.003) and geographic area(P=0.030) were statistically significant. No difference was shown in sex, age,gastrectomy type, tumor location, and clinical T, N and M stage.Conclusions: Our study found that the IPA originates from GDA, ASPDA and RGEA in similar proportions.Laparoscopic surgery may be more helpful in dissection of the IPA than open surgery. | Rulin Miao Jianjun Qu Zhengrong Li Daguang Wang Jiang Yu Weidong Zang Yong Li Fenglin Liu Jian Zhang Wu Song Kai Ye Su Yan Wei Wang Shuangyi Ren Lu Zang Changqing Jing Li Zhang Kuan Wang Weihua Fu Lin Fan Bin Liang Gang Zhao Jun Cai Li Yang Jiaming Zhu Jun You Kun Yang Qingxing Huang Zhaojian Niu Ning Ning Xingfeng Qiu Gang Ji Feng Liang Hua Huang Chao Gao Fei Shan Shuangxi Li Yongning Jia Lianhai Zhang Xiangji Ying Yan Zhang Zhaode Bu Xiangqian Su Gang Zhao Ziyu Li Jiafu Ji | 2018 | Chinese Journal of Cancer Research2018，30，5： | 5 |
| 8 | Spatio-temporal Pattern and Spatial Heterogeneity of Ecotones Based oh Land Use Types of Southeastern Da Hinggan Mountains in China显示文摘Ecotones have received great attention due to its critical function in energy flux, species harbor, global carbon sequestration, and land-atmosphere interaction. This study investigated land use pattern and spatial heterogeneity of the ecotones among agricultural land, forest land, and grassland of the southeastern Da Hinggan Mountains in the northeastern China. The change of these delineated ecotones under different slopes and aridity conditions was analyzed by two landscape indices, edge density(ED) and core area percentage of landscape(CPL), to explore the inter-linkage between spatial structure of ecotones and socioeconomic development and land management. Specifically, the ecotones such as agriculture-forest(AF) ecotone, forest-grassland(FG) ecotone, and agriculture-forestgrassland(AFG) ecotone moved from the arid southeast to the humid northwest. The flat area with small slope is more edge-fragmented than the steep area since the ED decreases as the slope increases. The AF ecotone mostly found in the humid region is moving to more humid areas while the agriculture-grassland(AG) ecotone mostly found in the dry region is moving towards the drier region. | YU Lingxue ZHANG Shuwen LIU Tingxiang TANG Junmei BU Kun YANG Jiuchun | 2015 | Chinese Geographical Science2015，25，2： | 4 |
| 9 | Optimization of investment casting process parameters to reduce warpage of turbine blade platform in DD6 alloy显示文摘The large warping deformation at platform of turbine blade directly affects the forming precision. In the present research, equivalent warping deformation was firstly presented to describe the extent of deformation at platform. To optimize the process parameters during investment casting to minimize the warping deformation of the platform, based on simulation with Pro CAST, the single factor method, orthogonal test, neural network and genetic algorithm were subsequently used to analyze the influence of pouring temperature, shell mold preheating temperature, furnace temperature and withdrawal velocity on dimensional accuracy of the platform of superalloyDD6 turbine blade. The accuracy of investment casting simulation was verified by measurement of platform at blade casting. The simulation results with the optimal process parameters illustrate that the equivalent warping deformation was dramatically reduced by 21.8% from 0.232295 mm to 0.181698 mm. | Jia-wei Tian Kun Bu Jin-hui Song Guo-liang Tian Fei Qiu Dan-qing Zhao Zong-li Jin Yang Li | 2017 | China Foundry2017，14，6： | 3 |
| 10 | The relationships between land use change and demographic dynamics in western Jilin province显示文摘人口统计的变化被认为是最主修陆地使用变化的司机尽管有包含的几交往因素,特别在发展中的国家。在这份报纸,我们作为学习区域在中国选择了西方的吉林省为从 1975 ~ 2010 理解在陆地使用变化和人口动力学的空间时间的模式之间的关系提供案例研究。结果证明农田区域百分比的变化能被使用二次的功能建模很好,农田的最少的区域百分比在人口密度是 0 people/km 的区域是15.4%<啜class=“ a-plus-plus ”>当人口密度是 199.25 people/km 时, 2 ,和农田区域百分比有94.8%的最大的价值<啜class=“ a-plus-plus ”> 2 。草地,水身体和沼泽地的区域百分比指数地减少了,人口密度增加了。在陆地使用度和人口密度之间的关系能被使用逻辑回归建模很好模型。由于经济生长和工艺的进步和空村庄现象的存在,陆地使用度仍然在人口密度是否定生长的区域增加了。另外,陆地使用动力学与人口密度变化指数地增加了。树林的陆地使用亲戚变化,草地,布满建筑物土地和沼泽地与人口密度变化成正比。根据陆地使用结构和陆地使用的模拟结果,度, Daan 和 Zhenlai 有最大的可能性进一步被回收。作为敏感、易碎的区域,在 Tongyu 和 Qianan 上学习环境保护和 ecologic 建设具有意义。 | LI Fei ZHANG Shuwen BU Kun YANG Jiuchun WANG Qing CHANG Liping | 2015 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2015，25，5： | 3 |
| 11 | Synthesis of 2,2'-(Substituted Arylmethylene)bis(1,6,6-trimethyl- 6,7,8,9-tetrahydrophenanthro[1,2-b]furan-10,11-dione) Derivatives显示文摘The reactions of tanshinone IIA with aromatic aldehydes have been investigated and several 2, 2’-(substituted arylmethylene) bis (1,6,6-trimethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydrophenanthro[1,2-b]- furan-10, 11-dione) derivatives were obtained. | Jiang Ke QIN Xian Zhang BU Yu Fang WANG Zhi Yun DU Xing Yuan WANG Zhi Shu HUANG Lin MA Lin Kun AN Lian Quan GU | 2005 | Chinese Chemical Letters2005，16，11： | 3 |
| 12 | A MODIS Time Series Data Based Algorithm for Mapping Forest Fire Burned Area显示文摘Burned area mapping is an essential step in the forest fire research to investigate the relationship between forest fire and climate change and the effect of forest fire on carbon budgets. This study proposed an algorithm to map forest fire burned area using the Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiameter (MODIS) time series data in Heilongjiang Province, China. The algorithm is divided into two steps: Firstly, the′core′pixels were extracted to represent the most possible burned pixels based on the comparison of the temporal change of Global Environmental Monitoring Index (GEMI), Burned Area Index (BAI) and MODIS active fire products between pre- and post-fires. Secondly, a 15-km distance was set to extract the entire burned areas near the′core′pixels as more relaxed conditions were used to identify the fire pixels for reducing the omission error as much as possible. The algorithm comprehensively considered the thermal characteristics and the spectral change between pre-and post-fires, which are represented by the MODIS fire products and the spectral index, respectively. Tahe, Mohe and Huma counties of Heilongjiang Province, China were chosen as the study area for burned area mapping and a time series of burned maps were produced from 2000 to 2011. The results show that the algorithm | YANG Wei ZHANG Shuwen TANG Junmei BU Kun YANG Jiuchun CHANG Liping | 2013 | Chinese Geographical Science2013，23，3： | 3 |
| 13 | Intelligent design of investment casting mold based on a hybrid reasoning method显示文摘A hybrid reasoning model was proposed in which CBR(case-based reasoning)was applied to the conceptual design and RBR(rule-based reasoning)was applied to the detailed design after research of the design process and domain knowledge of the aero-engine turbine blade investment casting mold design field.In the conceptual design stage,the representation and retrieval technologies were researched which improve the retrieval efficiency.Meanwhile,RBR was used to modify the retrieval result.The experimentation shows that the approach in this study can be used to obtain a more satisfactory design result. | Jiang Ruisong Zhang Dinghua Wang Wenhu Bu Kun | 2009 | China Foundry2009，6，1： | 2 |
| 14 | Unexpected Synthesis of 2,2'-[1-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)propane-2,2-diyl]bis(5-methoxy-3-methylbenzofuran)显示文摘A new bisbenzofuran analogue VII was achieved unexpectedly in one step procedure from 1-(4-methoxyphenoxy)acetone I by using Amberlyst 15 resin as catalyst in excellent yield. The structure was elucidated by spectroscopy analysis including 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, DEPT, ESI-MS, element analysis. | Yu Dong SHEN Hai Qiang WU Lin Kun AN Zhi Shu HUANG Xian Zhang BU Lian Quan GU | 2005 | Chinese Chemical Letters2005，16，12： | 2 |
| 15 | A systematic review of matrix metalloproteinase 9 as a biomarker of survival in patients with osteosarcoma显示文摘 | Hui Li Kun Zhang Li-hong Liu Yurong Ouyang Jie Bu Hong-bin Guo Tao Xiao | 2014 | Tumor Biology2014，，6： | 2 |
| 16 | Integrating geographical data and phenological characteristics derived from MODIS data for improving land cover mapping显示文摘学习为大区域的陆地盖子与地理数据和 phenological 特征的联合印射开发了一个可行方法,拿象学习区域的东北中国(NEC ) 。与降水和温度数据集的每月的一般水准,首先,空间聚类方法被用来把 NEC 划分成四个 ecoclimate 区域。为每个 ecoclimate 区域,地理变量(年度吝啬的 降水和温度,举起,斜坡和方面)与变量从中等决定成像分光辐射函数( MODIS )导出的 phenological 被相结合数据(提高的植被索引( EVI )和陆地表面浇索引( LSWI )),当土地的输入变量盖住分类,它被拿。决定树(DT ) 分类器然后被执行为每个区域生产陆地盖子地图。最后,四张结果的陆地盖子地图是 mosaicked 因为全部 NEC (NEC_MODIS ) ,和陆地使用并且登陆从 Landsat-TM 图象解释的 NEC (NEC_LULC ) 的盖子数据被用来评估 NEC_MODIS, MODIS 们以 areal 和空间同意打盖子产品(MODIS_IGBP ) 。结果证明 phenological 信息源于 EVI, LSWI 时间系列很好在 NEC 区别了陆地盖子班,并且全面精确性被 5.29% 显著地与地理变量的增加改进。与为七个聚集班的 NEC_LULC 相比, NEC_MODIS 的区域错误比 MODIS_IGBP 的小得多、更稳定因为大多数班,和在象素水平的铺满地板的空间比较显示 NEC_MODIS 为 71.26% NEC 同意了 NEC_LULC,而仅仅 62.16% 为 MODIS_IGBP。NEC_MODIS 的好表演证明在学习开发的方法论为及时、详细说明的陆地盖子在适度、北方的区域印射有大潜力。 | CAI Hongyan ZHANG Shuwen BU Kun YANG Jiuchun CHANG Liping | 2011 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2011，21，4： | 2 |
| 17 | Cavity optimization for investment casting die of turbine blade based on reverse engineering显示文摘 | Ding Hua Zhang Rui Song Jiang Jian Ling Li Wen Hu Wang Kun Bu | 2010 | The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology2010，，9： | 1 |
| 18 | Seed germinating characteristics of 54 gramineous species in the alpine meadow on the eastern Qinghai-Tibet plateau显示文摘The germination experiment was started on March 3,2004,and seeds were collected from July to October in 2003.We analyzed the percentage of germination,days to first germination,germination period and days to 50%germination.Among the 54 examined species,26 species exceeded 80%germination,11 species exceeded 60%–80%germination,8 exceeded 40%–0%,5 exceeded 20%–40%,and 4 showed less than 20%.A principalcomponent analysis revealed that the species were distributed along two statistically independent axes,the first primarily represented the germination rate and the second represented the time of germination process.Based on scores of germination characteristics,cluster analysis of the 54 gramineous species could be divided into 4 distinct groups:rapid,slow,intermediate germinating(germination percentage>50%),and low germinating(germination percentage<50%).The meaning of different groups to the vegetation regeneration was discussed. | Haiyan BU Qingji REN Xiuli XU Kun LIU Peng JIA Shujun WEN Dashuai SUN Guozhen DU | 2008 | Frontiers in Biology2008，3，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Determi-nation of Interfacial Heat-transfer Coefficient dur-ing Investment - casting Process of Single - crystalBlades显示文摘 | Dong Yiwei Bu Kun Dou Yangqing | 2011 | Journal of Materials Processing Technol-ogy2011，211，12： | 1 |
| 20 | Determina- tion of interracial heat-transfer coefficient during investment- casting process of single-crystal blades显示文摘 | IDNG Yi-wei BU Kun IX)U Yang-qing | 2011 | Journal of Materials Processing Technology2011，211，12： | 1 |
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