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| 1 | Report of an international workshop to standardize baseline evaluation and response criteria for primary CNS lymphoma.显示文摘 | Abrey LE Batchelor TT Ferreri A J Gospodarowicz M Pulczynski EJ Zucca E Smith JR Korfel A Soussain C DeAngelis LM Neuwelt EA O′Neill BP Thiel E Shenkier T Graus F van den Bent M Seymour JF Poortmans P Armitage JO Cavalli F | 2005 | 中国神经肿瘤杂志2005，3，3： | 53 |
| 2 | AGNP精神科治疗药物监测共识指南:2011显示文摘治疗药物监测(Therapeutic drug monitoring,TDM),如通过定量测定血清或血浆药物浓度指导用药剂量优化,已经成为对患者进行精神药物治疗的很有价值的工具。在患者用药依从性难以判断、药物耐受性不佳、治疗剂量下无效以及可能存在药代动力学药物-药物相互作用等情况下,测定药物浓度是很有用的。在精神科,有可能明显获益于TDM的主要患者群体包括儿童、孕妇、老年患者、智力障碍患者、涉及司法的患者、已知或怀疑携带药代动力学相关基因变异的患者,以及合并躯体疾病影响药代动力学的患者。然而,只有将TDM充分整合到临床治疗过程中去,才能发挥其优化药物治疗的潜在优势。为了促进TDM的合理应用,神经精神药理学与药物精神病学协会(Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Neuropsychopharmakologie und Pharmakopsychiatrie,AGNP)的TDM专家组在2004年发表了精神药物治疗药物监测指南。之后,随着知识不断更新,又有许多可能需要进行TDM的新药上市。因此,本次更新将神经精神药物的种类扩展到了128种,并将其TDM必要性划分为从'强烈推荐'到'可能有用'的四个等级。经过大量细致且全面的文献检索与分门别类的汇总整理,将基于循证医学理念的'治疗参考浓度范围'和'剂量相关参考浓度范围'呈现给大家。本共识指南引入了'实验室警戒浓度'的新概念,即实验室需要马上告知治疗医生的药物浓度上限。本共识指南还给出了诸如药物作为细胞色素P450酶的底物和抑制剂的性质,代谢物与母药浓度比值的常见范围,以及与结果解释相关的内容,还提供了何时将TDM与遗传药理学检测相结合的建议。遵循本指南,有助于改善许多患者精神药物治疗的效果,特别是那些存在药代动力学异常的患者。TDM是一门交叉学科,有时针对看起来不一致的数据,需要多学科坦诚地讨论,只有这样,患者才能从这种合作中获益。 | Hiemke C Baumann P Bergemann N Conca A Dietmaier O Egberts K Fric M Gerlach M Greiner C Gründer G Haen E Havemann-Reinecke U Jaquenoud Sirot E Kirchherr H Laux G Lutz UC Messer T Müller MJ Pfuhlmann B Rambeck B Riederer P Schoppek B Stingl J Uhr M Ulrich S Waschgler R Zernig G 李文标(译) 果伟(译) 阮灿军(译) 贺静(译) 汤宜朗(审校) 王传跃(审校) | 2016 | 实用药物与临床2016，19，10： | 37 |
| 3 | 幽门螺杆菌感染处理的新观念—Maastricht2-2000共识报告显示文摘 | Malfertheiner P Megraud F O’Morain C 刘文忠 梁晓 张丽 | 2002 | 中华消化杂志2002，22，12： | 36 |
| 4 | OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF GeO_2 AND Ge NANOCRYSTALS显示文摘he co m pound m aterial of n m size particles Ge O2 Si O2 w as synthesied through hydrolysis of Si( O C2 H4) and Ge Cl4 . A heat treatm ent w as carried out for the sa m ples at 100 ~1200 ℃in air . Its optical property w as deter mined by U V Vis spectur m . We have found that theabsorption edge of spectru m shifted progressively to longer w avelengths . The quantu m size ef fect of nanocrystals appears because crystals gro w and energy of optical band gap reduces d ueto the influence of te m perature . By the analysis of X ray diffraction w e have observed theprocess in w hich the structure of particles changed fro m disorder into order . | Y.H.Zhou 1) ,Y.Y.Feng 2) and H.Y.Lu 2) 1)Department of Physics Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097,China 2)Physics and Ch寁O P T I C A L P R O P E R T I E S O F Ge O2 A N D Ge N A N O C R Y S T A L S Y. H. Zhou1) , Y. Y. Feng2) | 1999 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)1999，12，5： | 22 |
| 5 | Management of biliary complications after orthotopic liver transplantation:The role of endoscopy显示文摘Biliary complications are signifi cant causes of morbidity and mortality after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). The estimated incidence of biliary complications after OLT ranges between 10%-25%,however,these numbers continue to decline due to improvement in surgical techniques. The most common biliary complications are strictures (both anastomotic and non-anastomotic) and bile leaks. Most of these problems can be appropriately managed with endoscopic retrograde colangiography (ERC). Other complications such as bile duct stones,bile casts,sphincter of Oddi dysfunction,and hemobilia,are less frequent and also can be managed with ERC. This article will review the risk factors,diagnosis,and endoscopic management of the most common biliary complications after OLT. | Maria C Londoo Domingo Balderramo Andrés Cárdenas | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，4： | 22 |
| 6 | Association of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D levels with semen and hormonal parameters显示文摘维生素 D 层次包括繁殖混乱被连接了到各种各样的健康结果。这研究的目的是探索在浆液维生素 D 水平(25-hydroxy-vitamin D,或 25OHD ) 和精液和神经质的参数之间的协会。这是包括了从一般人口为精子发生的学习招募的 170 个健康的人的代表性的研究。完成的将军和繁殖健康问询表,和捐赠的血和精液取样的人。主要措施是神经质的(全部、免费的睾丸激素,性荷尔蒙绑定血球素, estradiol ,刺激滤泡的荷尔蒙和 luteinizing 荷尔蒙)并且精液参数,调整( n=147 )好久,身体团索引( BMI ),季节,白酒吸入并且吸烟,在与维生素 D 层次的范畴的关系,决定了 priori 。学习人口的吝啬的年龄是 29.0 ± 8.5 年和吝啬的 BMI 是 24.3 ± 3.2 kg m −2 。吝啬的 25OHD 是 34.1 ± 15.06 ng ml −1 。BMI 与 25OHD 显示出一个否定协会。精子集中,进步活动性,精子形态学,和全部的日益增多地能动的精子数的精子在有 ‘ 的人是更低的; 25OHD ≥ 50 ng ml −1' 什么时候与有 ‘ 的人相比; 20 ng ml −1≤25OHD<50 ng ml −1' 。全部的精子计数和全部的进步能动精子计数在有 ‘ 的人是更低的; 25OHD < 20 ng ml −1' 什么时候与有 ‘ 的人相比; 20 ng ml −1≤25OHD<50 ng ml −1' 。各种各样的神经质的参数的调整工具没在 25OHD 的不同范畴显示出统计差别。在结论,在高度和底层的浆液维生素 D 层次能否定地与精液参数被联系。 | Ahmad O Hammoud A Wayne Meikle C Matthew Peterson Joseph Stanford Mark Gibson Douglas T Carrell | 2012 | Asian Journal of Andrology2012，14，6： | 19 |
| 7 | 血管性认知障碍的诊断标准:国际血管性行为与认知障碍学会的申明显示文摘长期以来,脑血管病(CVD)就被认为是认知损害的一个重要原因,但是有关脑血管病后认知障碍的概念化却有着一段多变的历史。'动脉变硬'或脑的动脉粥样硬化是'老化'的原因,是存在已久的观点,在20世纪60年代受到了来自英格兰纽卡斯尔的神经病理学研究的质疑。这些研究表明,血管性痴呆(vascular dementia,Va D)与超过一定程度的多发性脑梗死有关。 | 徐岩 郭起浩 Sachdev P Kalaria R O'Brien J Skoog I Alladi S Black SE Blacker D Blazer DG Chen C Chui H Ganguli M Jellinger K Jeste DV Pasquier F Paulsen J Prins N Rockwood K Roman G Scheltens P | 2014 | 神经病学与神经康复学杂志2014，11，3： | 19 |
| 8 | Diagnosis of pancreatic tumors by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fi ne-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) for pancreatic solid tumors larger or smaller than 3 cm, and cystic lesions. METHODS: From January/1997 to December/2006, 611 patients with pancreatic tumors were subjected to EUS-FNA. The fi nal diagnosis was obtained either by surgery (356 cases) or after a mean clinical follow-up of 11.8 mo in the remaining patients. RESULTS: There were 405 solid tumors, 189 cystic lesions and 17 mixed. Pancreatic specimens for cytological assessment were successfully obtained by EUS-FNA in 595 (97.4/) cases. There were 352 (57.6/) malignancies and 259 (42.4/) benign tumors. Among the malignancies, pancreatic adenocarcinomas accounted for 67/ of the lesions. Overall, the sensitivity, specifi city, positive and negative predictive values, and accuracy of EUS-FNA were, respectively, 78.4/, 99.2/, 99.3/, 77.2/ and 87.2/. Specif ically for solid tumors, the same parameters for neoplasms larger and smaller than 3 cm were, respectively, 78.8/ vs 82.4/, 100/ vs 98.4/, 100/ vs 99/, 54.8/ vs 74.1/ and 83.1/ vs 87.8/. For cystic lesions, the values were, respectively, 72.2/, 99.3/, 97.5/, 91/ and 92.2/. CONCLUSION: EUS-FNA can be used to sample pancreatic tumors in most patients. Even though the negative predictive value is inadequate for large solid tumors, the results are rather good for small solid tumors, especially concerning the sensitivity, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy. Among all pancreatic lesions, EUS-FNA for cystic lesions canreveal the best negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy, both higher than 90/. | José Celso Ardengh César Vivian Lopes Luiz Felipe Pereira de Lima Juliano Rodrigues de Oliveira Filadélfi o Venco Giulio Cesare Santo José Luiz Pimenta Módena | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，22： | 17 |
| 9 | 局部和全身给药后泼尼松龙在外淋巴液中的浓度分析显示文摘目的 :比较局部和全身给药后 2 1 氢化琥珀酸 泼尼松龙在外淋巴液中的药物动力学。方法 :将实验豚鼠分组 ,局部用药 (局部组 ) :将 0 .5 %的 2 1 氢化琥珀酸 泼尼松龙液在直视下置于圆窗龛 ;全身用药 (全身组 ) :按 6 0mg/kg腹腔内注药 ;两组均以生理盐水作为对照。分别于给药后不同时间段采集外淋巴液标本 ,采用高压液相色谱法 (HPLC)测定药物浓度。结果 :局部组药物最高浓度出现在给药后 180min ,为 (95 2 .3± 382 .7)mg/L ,并在 96 0min后维持在 (18.72± 16 .97)mg/L。全身组药物最高峰时间在给药后 15 0min ,为 (14 .71± 7.0 5 )mg/L。结论 :局部给予 2 1 氢化琥珀酸 泼尼松龙 ,可以获得长时间、高浓度的药物水平。 | 苏纪平 Bachmann G 唐安洲 Zumegen C Michel O Wittekindt C | 2003 | 临床耳鼻咽喉科杂志2003，17，10： | 16 |
| 10 | 幽门螺杆菌感染处理的当前观念——MaastrichtⅢ共识报告显示文摘名词缩写欧洲幽门螺杆菌研究小组:European Helicobacter Study Group,EHSG胃食管反流病:gastro-esophageal reflux disease。 | P Malfertheiner F Megraud C O'Morain F Bazzoli E El-Omar D Graham R Hunt T Rokkas N Vakil EJ Kuipers 朱琦 | 2007 | 胃肠病学2007，12，3： | 15 |
| 11 | Immunoexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 in primary gastric carcinomas and lymph node metastases显示文摘AIM: To evaluate immunoexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in primary gastric carcinomas and respective lymph node metastases. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry to analyze COX-2 expression was performed on tissue microarray slices obtained from 36 specimens of gastrectomy and satellite lymph nodes from patients with gastric carcinoma. RESULTS: Immunostaining was seen in most cases, and COX-2 expression was higher in lymph node me-tastases than in corresponding primary gastric tumors of intestinal, diffuse and mixed carcinomas, with a statistically signif icant difference in the diffuse histotype (P = 0.0108). CONCLUSION: COX-2 immunoexpression occurs frequently in primary gastric carcinomas, but higher expression of this enzyme is observed in lymph node metastases of the diffuse histotype. | Paulo RC Almeida Francisco VA Ferreira Cássio C Santos Francisco D Rocha-Filho Raul RP Feitosa Esther AA Falco Belise K Cavada Roberto CP Lima-Júnior Ronaldo A Ribeiro | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，8： | 14 |
| 12 | Cyclooxygenase-2 plays a central role in the genesis of pancreatitis and associated lung injury显示文摘BACKGROUND: The exact mechanism by which cyclooxy- genase-2 (COX-2) promotes inflammation in pancreatitis in obscure. This study was undertaken to investigate the role of COX-2 inhibition in an animal model of pancreati- tis , a disease process characterized by a systemic inflamma- tory response and ensuing neutrophil-mediated lung injury. METHODS: Pancreatitis was induced in 24 Sprague-Daw- ley rats by intraperitoneal injection of 20% L-arginine (500 mg/100 g body weight). The animals were randomized into 3 groups (8 rats in each group); controls and rats with pancreatitis intravenously resuscitated with either normal saline (0.9% NaCl 3 ml/kg) at 24 and 48 hours or COX-2 inhibitor (parecoxib 1 mg/kg). Pancreatic and lung inju- ries were assessed histologically. Lung injury was assessed utilizing wet;dry ratio and myeloperoxidase activity to in- dicate pulmonary neutrophil infiltration. A Western blot was used to determine COX-2 protein expression in pancrea- tic tissue. RESULTS: The animals treated with COX-2 inhibitors dis- played significantly less pancreatic and lung injuries than their normal saline counterparts. Histological pancreatic and lung injury scores were significantly reduced (P <0.05) in the COX-2 treated group. Lung wet: dry ratios were sig- nificantly improved and pulmonary neutrophil infiltration was attenuated in the COX-2 group (P<0.05). Western blot analysis confirmed attenuated COX-2 protein expression. CONCLUSION: This study shows, for the first time in a rat model, that adjuvant COX-2 inhibition significandy attenu- ates the severity of both pancreatitis and its associated sys- temic inflammatory response and end-organ injury. | Gavin O'Brien Conor J Shields Desmond C Winter John P Dillon | 2005 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2005，4，1： | 12 |
| 13 | The significance of clinical practice guidelines on adult varicocele detection and management显示文摘精索静脉曲张是男因素不孕的最普通的可改正的病原学。然而,精索静脉曲张的察觉和管理没被标准化。这在男不孕上关于精索静脉曲张的效果导致了争论的十年,随后,是否修理,导致改进富饶地位。调查精索静脉曲张和 varicocelectomy 的角色的证据的当前的身体弱、冲突。AUA 和 ASRM 拿的位置建议有不够的结果数据支持基于证据的指南,引用过去常提供建议通常具有低优秀水平的电流的证据。在另一方面, EAU 指南为临床上摸得出的精索静脉曲张的管理给水平证据的 1a,与低于正常的精液分析和有的不同 unexplained 富饶联系了。除与临床的精索静脉曲张察觉和管理帮助以外,临床的实践意见陈述和指南试图指导并且加强未来研究的基础结构。我们在实践与他们的申请的焦点在精索静脉曲张和管理察觉考察意见陈述和指南的当前的地位。 | Anand Shridharani Ryan C Owen Osama O Elkelany Edward D Kim | 2016 | Asian Journal of Andrology2016，18，2： | 11 |
| 14 | 超重与男性生殖能力研究进展:睡眠呼吸暂停,一个新领域显示文摘肥胖会对男性生殖产生负面影响,主要是因为肥胖与低睾酮水平和促性腺激素改变有关。男性肥胖已经被发现与男性生育力下降有关,但由于影响的性质和程度不同,肥胖与精子参数相关性的数据存在争议。一些新研究领域的出现,如遗传多态性和睡眠呼吸暂停,将有助于解释研究结果的差异性。已经发现睡眠紊乱与男性睾酮生成的变化和性腺功能低下有关,也可能与勃起功能障碍有关。睡眠紊乱与不育和精子参数的关系还有待研究。忠有性腺功能低下和不育的男性应该进行睡眠呼吸暂停症的筛查。对肥胖和睡眠呼吸暂停的治疗可以改善睾酮水平和勃起功能。 | Ahmad O Hammoud Douglas T Carrell Mark Gibson C Matthew Peterson A Wayne Meikle | 2012 | Asian Journal of Andrology2012，14，1： | 11 |
| 15 | Passive expansion of sub-maximally dilated transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts and assessment of clinical outcomes显示文摘AIM To assess for passive expansion of sub-maximally dilated transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts(TIPS) and compare outcomes with maximally dilated TIPS.METHODS Polytetrafluoroethylene covered TIPS(Viatorr) from July 2002 to December 2013 were retrospectively reviewed at two hospitals in a single institution. Two hundred and thirty patients had TIPS maximally dilated to 10 mm(m TIPS), while 43 patients who were at increased risk for hepatic encephalopathy(HE), based on clinical evaluation or low pre-TIPS portosystemic gradient(PSG), had 10 mm TIPS sub-maximally dilated to 8 mm(sm TIPS). Group characteristics(age, gender, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score, post-TIPS PSG and clinical outcomes were compared between groups, including clinical success(ascites or varices), primary patency,primary assisted patency, and severe post-TIPS HE. A subset of fourteen patients with sm TIPS underwent follow-up computed tomography imaging after TIPS creation, and were grouped based on time of imaging(< 6 mo and > 6 mo). Change in diameter and crosssectional area were measured with 3D imaging software to evaluate for passive expansion.RESULTS Patient characteristics were similar between the sm TIPS and m TIPS groups, except for pre-TIPS portosystemic gradient, which was lower in the sm TIPS group(19.4 mm Hg ± 6.8 vs 22.4 mm Hg ± 7.1, P = 0.01). Primary patency and primary assisted patency between sm TIPS and m TIPS was not significantly different(P = 0.64 and 0.55, respectively). Four of the 55 patients(7%) with sm TIPS required TIPS reduction for severe refractory HE, while this occurred in 6 of the 218 patients(3%) with m TIPS(P = 0.12). For the 14 patients with follow-up computed tomography(CT) imaging, the median imaging follow-up was 373 d. There was an increase in median TIPS diameter, median percent diameter change, median area, and median percent area change in patients with CT follow-up greater than 6 mo after TIPS placement compared to follow-up within 6 mo(8.45 mm, 5.58%, 56.04 mm^2, and 11.48%, respectively, P = 0.01).CONCLUSION Passive expansion of sm TIPS does occur but clinical outcomes of sm TIPS and m TIPS were similar. Sub-maximal dilation can prevent complications related to overshunting in select patients. | Michael C Hsu Charles N Weber S William Stavropoulos Timothy W Clark Scott O Trerotola Richard D Shlansky Goldberg Michael C Soulen Gregory J Nadolski | 2017 | World Journal of Hepatology2017，9，12： | 11 |
| 16 | An epigenomic approach to therapy for tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer显示文摘Tamoxifen 是为雌激素受体 alpha 的前线治疗(ERα) 在绝经前的女人的积极的胸肿瘤。然而,到 tamoxifen 的抵抗发生在许多病人。嗯仍然与获得的 tamoxifen 抵抗在乳癌房间的生长起一个关键作用,建议那 ERα为治疗仍然是一个有效目标 tamoxifen 抵抗(Tam-R ) 乳癌。以识别 ERα 的新奇管理者;发信号,通过对 histone 甲基修饰词的一幅小规模的 siRNA 屏幕,我们发现了 WHSC1, histone H3K36 methyltransferase, ERα 的一个积极管理者;在乳癌房间发信号。我们证明 WHSC1 被招募到 ERα由 BET 蛋白质 BRD3/4 的基因,并且便于 ERα基因表示。小分子的赌注蛋白质禁止者 JQ1 potently 压制了经典 ERα发信号的小径和在文化的 Tam-R 乳癌房间的生长。用一个 Tam-R 乳癌异种皮移植老鼠模型,我们与 JQ1 和 ER degrader fulvestrant 由 JQ1 和联合治疗的强壮的长持续的效果在 vivo 反胸癌症活动示威了。一起拿,我们提供 epigenomic 蛋白质 BRD3/4 和 WHSC1 是雌激素受体发信号的必要管理者并且是为 Tam-R 乳癌的治疗的新奇治疗学的目标的证据。 | Qin Feng Zheng Zhang Martin J Shea Chad J Creighton Cristian Coarfa Susan G Hilsenbeck Rainer Lanz Bin He Lei Wang Xiaoyong Fu Agostina Nardone Yongcheng Song James Bradner Nicholas Mitsiades Constantine S Mitsiades C Kent Osborne Rachel Schiff Bert W O'Malley | 2014 | Cell Research2014，24，7： | 10 |
| 17 | Near-infrared fluorescence sentinel lymph node detection in gastric cancer: A pilot study显示文摘AIM: To investigate feasibility and accuracy of nearinfrared fluorescence imaging using indocyanine green: nanocolloid for sentinel lymph node(SLN) detection in gastric cancer.METHODS: A prospective, single-institution, phaseI feasibility trial was conducted. Patients suffering from gastric cancer and planned for gastrectomy were included. During surgery, a subserosal injection of 1.6 m L ICG:Nanocoll was administered around the tumor. NIR fluorescence imaging of the abdominal cavity was performed using the Mini-FLARE? NIR fluorescence imaging system. Lymphatic pathways and SLNs were visualized. Of every detected SLN, the corresponding lymph node station, signal-to-background ratio and histopathological diagnosis was determined. Patients underwent standard-of-care gastrectomy. Detected SLNs outside the standard dissection planes were also resected and evaluated.RESULTS: Twenty-six patients were enrolled. Four patients were excluded because distant metastases were found during surgery or due to technical failure of the injection. In 21 of the remaining 22 patients, at least 1 SLN was detected by NIR Fluorescence imaging(mean 3.1 SLNs; range 1-6). In 8 of the 21 patients, tumor-positive LNs were found. Overall accuracy of the technique was 90%(70%-99%; 95%CI), which decreased by higher p T-stage(100%, 100%, 100%, 90%, 0% for respectively Tx, T1, T2, T3, T4 tumors). All NIR-negative SLNs were completely effaced by tumor. Mean fluorescence signal-to-background ratio of SLNs was 4.4(range 1.4-19.8). In 8 of the 21 patients, SLNs outside the standard resection plane were identified, that contained malignant cells in 2 patients.CONCLUSION: This study shows successful use of ICG:Nanocoll as lymphatic tracer for SLN detection in gastric cancer. Moreover, tumor-containing LNs outside the standard dissection planes were identified. | Quirijn RJG Tummers Leonora SF Boogerd Wobbe O de Steur Floris PR Verbeek Martin C Boonstra Henricus JM Handgraaf John V Frangioni Cornelis JH van de Velde Henk H Hartgrink Alexander L Vahrmeijer | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，13： | 9 |
| 18 | 骨折相关性感染定义的共识显示文摘骨折相关性感染(fracture related infection,FRI)是创伤骨科一种常见的严重并发症.迄今为止,尚无明确定义,因此很难对该并发症带来的影响进行准确评估和对现有的研究展开比较.为解决这一难题,在AO基金会的支持下,我们成立了一个由科学家和医学专家组成的专家组,旨在对FRI定义达成的共识. | Metsemakers WJ Morgenstern M McNally MA Moriarty TF McFadyen I Scarborough M Athanasou NA Ochsner PE Kuehl R Raschke M Borens O 谢肇 Velkes S Hungerer S Kates SL Zalavras C Giannoudis PV Richard RG Verhofstad MH 喻胜鹏 孙东 汪小华 | 2018 | 中华骨科杂志2018，38，9： | 8 |
| 19 | 镁铁-超镁铁质层状岩体锆石原位Hf-O同位素研究新进展显示文摘锆石是一种高温、难熔的稳定矿物。它不易受后期高温热事件的改造,且能够保留有效的Hf同位素初始比值,同时锆石O同位素可用物识别地幔交代的物质组成和过程。因此,镁铁质岩石中的锆石原位U/Pb-Hf-O同位素常可用来限定岩浆事件时代、地幔源区性质及演化过程。该理论应用的前提是锆石Hf同位素体系未受扰动,与其母岩浆达到同位素平衡。 | 袁超 Wang M X Nebel O Wang C Y | 2016 | 矿物岩石地球化学通报2016，0，3： | 7 |
| 20 | Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 is associated with p53 accumulation in premalignant and malignant gallbladder lesions显示文摘瞄准:在胆囊癌和它的先锋损害在表示和 p53 累积上检验在 cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2 ) 之间的关系。方法:包括正常胆量 blader 上皮,发育异常(11 低档 dyplasia 和 16 高级发育异常) 的 27 个盒子和 27 腺癌的 14 个盒子的 68 件胆囊织物样品被免疫组织化学为 COX-2 表示和 p53 累积评估。在 COX-2 表示, p53 累积和 clinicopathological 特征之中的关系被分析。结果:COX-2 被表示在 14.3% 正常胆囊上皮, 70.3% 发育异常的 epite hlium,和 59.2% 腺癌。当划分了成低档和高级发育异常时, COX-2 在 5 是积极的(45.4%) 低档的盒子并且 14 (87.5%) 高级发育异常(P = 0.019 ) 。p53 的累积在 5 被检测(31.2%) 癌的高级发育异常并且在 13 的盒子(48.1%) 。没有 p53 累积在正常上皮或低档发育异常被发现。在表示上的 COX-2 在 18 中的 17 个被观察(94.4%) 有从没有 p53 累积的 50 个盒子的与 20 比较的 p53 累积(40.0%) 的盒子(P <
0.001 ) 。结论:在在正常上皮,低档发育异常和高级发育异常之中的 COX-2 表示的有效差量建议在 COX-2 的表示上,酶是在胆囊 carcinogenensis 的一个早事件。自从有 COX-2 表示的 p53 相互关联的累积,而且,在表示上的 COX-2 在高级发育异常和癌可能是的胆囊观察了部分由于 p53 的机能障碍。 | Mateja Legan Bo(s|ˇ)tjan Luzar Vera Ferlan Marolt Andrej C(o|¨)r | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，21： | 7 |
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