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| 1 | Genetic parameter estimation for juvenile growth and upper thermal tolerance in turbot(Scophthalmus maximus Linnaeus)显示文摘Twenty-six half-sib groups(53 full-sib families) of turbot, Scophthalmus maximus Linnaeus, were obtained by artificial insemination. We measured growth in the offspring(40–50 individuals/family) and subjected them to a thermal tolerance challenge over a period of 34 d. There was no significant difference in daily mortality(range: 0.580%–1.391%) between Days 1–13 during the thermal tolerance challenge. However, daily cumulative mortality increased rapidly between Days 14 and 29, especially on Days 15 and 16(20.232% and 34.377%, respectively). Mortality was highest on Day 16(14.145%). We estimated the genetic parameters using the average information restricted maximum likelihood method. We used a likelihood ratio test to evaluate the significance of effects in models with and without identity as an effect, and compared the final log-likelihoods(maximum log L). Lastly, we estimated phenotypic and genetic correlation between the upper thermal tolerance limit(UTT) and body weight(BW). In this study, the positive phenotypic correlation was low between UTT and BW(0.093±0.029). The genetic correlation between UTT and BW was negative(-0.044±0.239). The heritability for upper thermal tolerance was low(0.087±0.032), which is of approximately moderate heritability. The heritability for body weight was high(0.303±0.074). Our results suggest there is significant potential for improvement in the culture of turbot by selective breeding. | ZHANG Tianshi KONG Jie LIU Baosuo WANG Qingyin CAO Baoxiang LUAN Sheng WANG Weiji | 2014 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2014，33，8： | 7 |
| 2 | Heterosis and heritability estimates for the survival of the Pacific white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei) under the commercial scale ponds显示文摘The aim of the present study is to detect the potential of the base population from diallel crosses of eight introduced strains of the Pacific white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei) for improving the yield. Heterosis and heritability were estimated for pond survival at commercial farm conditions for the base population that included 207 full-sib families from a nested mating design by artificial insemination. Among all the hybrids,the heterosis ranged from –11.37%(UA1×UA2) to 20.53%(UA3×SIN) with an average of 0.953%. The results showed that more than half of the hybrids(51.85%) have negative heterosis for survival rate, but most of the hybrids with positive heterosis have high estimates. The high proportion of negative heterosis for survival rate reminders us that the survival trait also should be considered in the crossbreeding program to avoid yield decrease. However, high positive heterosis manifested in most of the hybrids for survival indicates the usefulness of these hybrids for improving the survival to obtain higher yield by crossbreeding in this breeding program. The heritability estimate for pond survival was 0.092±0.043 when genetic groups were included in the pedigree, and it was significantly different from zero(P<0.05). The results from this study also indicated that significant improvement for survival is possible through selection in L. vannamei. | LU Xia LUAN Sheng CAO Baoxiang SUI Juan DAI Ping MENG Xianhong LUO Kun KONG Jie | 2017 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2017，36，2： | 4 |
| 3 | Genetic Parameter Estimation of Reproductive Traits of Litopenaeus vannamei显示文摘In this study, the heritability, repeatability, phenotypic correlation, and genetic correlation of the reproductive and growth traits of L. vannamei were investigated and estimated. Eight traits of 385 shrimps from forty-two families, including the number of eggs(EN), number of nauplii(NN), egg diameter(ED), spawning frequency(SF), spawning success(SS), female body weight(BW) and body length(BL) at insemination, and condition factor(K), were measured,. A total of 519 spawning records including multiple spawning and 91 no spawning records were collected. The genetic parameters were estimated using an animal model, a multinomial logit model(for SF), and a sire-dam and probit model(for SS). Because there were repeated records, permanent environmental effects were included in the models. The heritability estimates for BW, BL, EN, NN, ED, SF, SS, and K were 0.49 ± 0.14, 0.51 ± 0.14, 0.12 ± 0.08, 0, 0.01 ± 0.04, 0.06 ± 0.06, 0.18 ± 0.07, and 0.10 ± 0.06, respectively. The genetic correlation was 0.99 ± 0.01 between BW and BL, 0.90 ± 0.19 between BW and EN, 0.22 ± 0.97 between BW and ED,-0.77 ± 1.14 between EN and ED, and-0.27 ± 0.36 between BW and K. The heritability of EN estimated without a covariate was 0.12 ± 0.08, and the genetic correlation was 0.90 ± 0.19 between BW and EN, indicating that improving BW may be used in selection programs to genetically improve the reproductive output of L. vannamei during the breeding. For EN, the data were also analyzed using body weight as a covariate(EN-2). The heritability of EN-2 was 0.03 ± 0.05, indicating that it is difficult to improve the reproductive output by genetic improvement. Furthermore, excessive pursuit of this selection is often at the expense of growth speed. Therefore, the selection of high-performance spawners using BW and SS may be an important strategy to improve nauplii production. | TAN Jian KONG Jie CAO Baoxiang LUO Kun LIU Ning MENG Xianhong XU Shengyu GUO Zhaojia CHEN Guoliang LUAN Sheng | 2017 | Journal of Ocean University of China2017，16，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Influence of White Spot Syndrome Virus Infection on Hepatopancreas Gene Expression of ‘Huanghai No.2' Shrimp(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)显示文摘To elucidate the molecular response of shrimp hepatopancreas to white spot syndrome virus(WSSV) infection, microarray was applied to investigate the differentially expressed genes in the hepatopancreas of ‘Huanghai No. 2'(Fenneropenaeus chinensis). A total of 59137 unigenes were designed onto a custom-made 60 K Agilent chip. After infection, the gene expression profiles in the hepatopancreas of the shrimp with a lower viral load at early(48–96 h), peak(168–192 h) and late(264–288 h) infection phases were analyzed. Of 18704 differentially expressed genes, 6412 were annotated. In total, 5453 differentially expressed genes(1916 annotated) expressed at all three phases, and most of the annotated were either up-or down-regulated continuously. These genes function diversely in, for example, immune response, cytoskeletal system, signal transduction, stress resistance, protein synthesis and processing, metabolism among others. Some of the immune-related genes, including antilipopolysaccharide factor, Kazal-type proteinase inhibitor, C-type lectin and serine protease encoding genes, were up-regulated after WSSV infection. These genes have been reported to be involved in the anti-WSSV responses. The expression of genes related to the cytoskeletal system, including β-actin and myosin but without tubulin genes, were down-regulated after WSSV infection. Astakine was found for the first time in the WSSV-infected F. chinensis. To further confirm the expression of differentially expressed genes, quantitative real-time PCR was performed to test the expression of eight randomly selected genes and verified the reliability and accuracy of the microarray expression analysis. The data will provide valuable information to understanding the immune mechanism of shrimp's response to WSSV. | MENG Xianhong SHI Xiaoli KONG Jie LUAN Sheng LUO Kun CAO Baoxiang LIU Ning LU Xia LI Xupeng DENG Kangyu CAO Jiawang ZHANG Yingxue ZHANG Hengheng | 2017 | Journal of Ocean University of China2017，16，5： | 1 |
| 5 | Effect of Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate on Reproductive Performance and Larval Development of Fenneropenaeus chinensis显示文摘In the present study, Fenneropenaeus chinensis individuals were assigned into six groups, and fed with a diet supplemented with 0(Con-trol), 0.5%(Group E0.5), 1.0%(Group E1.0), 2.0%(Group E2.0), 3.0%(Group E3.0) or 5.0%(Group E5.0) of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate(PHB) during their growth and spawning periods, to explore the effect of PHB on the reproductive performance of parents and the development of larvae. The experi-ment was lasted for 192 d to measure the mortality rate, relative percentage of survival(RPS), weight gain rate(WGR), specific growth rate(SGR) and cycle of gonadal development of parental shrimps, number of eggs, number of nauplii, stages of larval development and metamorphosis. The results indicated that PHB had an obvious effect on the fecundity of parental shrimps and growth performance of larva. Compared with control group, the mortality rate of broodstock in experimental groups decreased initially and increased subsequently with the increase of PHB concentration, while RPS showed an opposite pattern. The mortality rate of group E2.0 was the lowest among all groups, showing significant difference from that of other groups(P﹤0.05) except group E1.0(P﹥0.05). WGR of all experimental groups was higher than that of the control group, among which, group E2.0 and group E5.0 had significantly higher WGR than the control(P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the cycle of gonadal development between the experimental groups and the control group(P ﹥ 0.05). The numbers of eggs and nauplii in the experimental groups were higher than those of the control group. And the numbers of eggs and nauplii in group E2.0 were significantly higher than those of the control(P ﹤ 0.05), bud showed no significant difference from those of other groups(P﹥0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the duration of larval devel-opment and metamorphosis among all the groups. In summary, PHB is capable of improving the reproductive performance of parents and the survival and development of larva in F. chinensis, and 2.0% is the optimal concentration of PHB supplemented to the diet. | Zhang Hengheng Meng Xianhong Kong Jie Luo Kun Luan Sheng Cao Baoxiang Cao Jiawang Zhang Yingxue | 2018 | Animal Husbandry and Feed Science2018，10，3： | 0 |
| 6 | Comparison of Genetic Diversity and Growth Performance between the Selected Population and Hybridized Population of Litopenaeus vannamei at Low Temperature显示文摘[Objective] This study was conducted to compare the genetic diversity and growth performance of two Litopenaeus vannamei populations at low temperature. [Method] One population(selected population, SP) was produced through inbreeding and 3 years of selection from seven popula-tions of L. vannamei introduced from the United States and Singapore. The other population(hybridized population, HP) was the F1 generation of the crosses between Population SP and some excellent populations introduced from South Korea and Singapore. The growth performance of the two populations at low temperature was compared, and the genetic diversity and genetic differentiation between the two populations were assessed using13 microsatellite loci. [Result] The shrimps of population HP had better growth performance than those of population SP. The average body weight(BW) for population HP, which was(13.18 ±3.65) g/ind., was significantly higher than that of population SP, which was(12.20 ±3.14) g/ind. The coefficient of variation in body weight for population SP was 25.74%, and that for population HP was 27.69%. The other growth indices of popula-tion HP were all higher than those of population SP. One-way analysis of variance(ANOVA) indicated that there were highly significant differences in both BW and width of third abdominal segment(WTAS) between HP and SP( P<0.001). The specific growth rate(SGR) and absolute growth rate(AGR) for population HP were(5.09±0.61) %/d and(0.26±0.60) g/d, respectively, while the SGR and AGR for population SP were(4.94 ±0.57) %/d and(0.24±0.63) g/d., both significantly lower than those of population HP(P<0.001). Genetic diversity analysis revealed that the number of alleles(Na) of population HP(Na=7.9) was slightly higher than that of population SP(Na=7.6). The average polymorphic information content(PIC) of HP and SP populations was similar 0.63 and 0.62, both indicating high level of genetic diversity. The average observed heterozygosity( Ho) of HP and SP was0.492 and 0.483, and the expected heterozygosity(He) was 0.675 and 0.663, respectively. Both Hoand Heof population HP were higher than those of population SP, suggesting that HP had higher genetic diversity than population SP. Moreover, the mean of Fs Tvalues at the 13 microsatellite loci between HP and SP was 0.155 6, suggesting there was a significant genetic differentiation between the two populations. [Conclusion] Our results provide a theoretical basis for the breeding of new L. vannamei strains that are resistant to low temperature. | Li Dongyu Meng Xianhong Kong Jie Luan Sheng Cao Baoxiang Luo Kun | 2018 | Animal Husbandry and Feed Science2018，10，3： | 0 |
| 7 | Effect of Different Diet Combinations on WSSV Load and Survival Rate of Fenneropenaeus chinensis Larvae显示文摘Using microalgae( SA),artificial feed( AF),Brachionus plicatilis( BP) and brine shrimp larvae( BS),four diets including SA + AF,SA + AF + BP,SA + AF + BS and SA + AF + BP + BS were formulated and used to rear Fenneropenaeus chinensis larvae. The fertilized eggs fed with SA + AF were divided into disinfection group with iodophor and untreated group,and the fertilized eggs fed with other diets were all disinfected with iodophor. The survival rates,body weight and WSSV load of post larvae at each stage were compared. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the survival rate of prawns at the N-Z stage by feeding with different diets( P > 0. 05),but the survival rate of prawns fed with BP was higher than others( P < 0. 01) at the Z-P stage. The body weight of post larvae( P10) fed with SA + AF + BP was less than that fed with SA + AF + BP + BS( P <0. 01). The WSSV load of prawns( 10. 52 ±3. 3 copies/ng DNA) fed with SA + AF were significantly lower than that of other treatments( P < 0. 05) at the P10 stage. During the P11- P60 stage,four kinds of diets,including Ruditapes philippinarum foot muscle( CF) + artificial feed( AF),R. philippinarum foot muscle radiated by60 Co γ-ray( RCF) + artificial feed( AF),potassium permanganate-disinfected R. philippinarum foot muscle( DCF) + artificial feed( AF) and artificial feed( AF),were used to feed prawns. The prawns fed with CF + AF gained the greatest increase of body weight and body length,but had no significant difference with that fed with AF( P > 0. 05); prawns fed with CF + AF and AF had significant difference with the other two groups( P < 0. 05). The survival rates of prawns fed with four different diets had no significant difference with each other( P > 0. 05). WSSV artificial infection test showed that the accumulated mortality of prawns fed with four diets were higher than 90%,and the difference was not significant( P > 0. 05). | Xiao Guangxia Meng Xianhong Kong Jie Cao Baoxiang Liu Ning Zhang Qingwen Luo Kun Li Zhanjun | 2015 | Animal Husbandry and Feed Science2015，7，6： | 0 |
| 8 | Reducing the Common Environmental Effect on Litopenaeus vannamei Body Weight by Rearing Communally at Early Developmental Stages and Using a Reconstructed Pedigree显示文摘Heritability estimates may be severely biased when a large common environmental effect on a family arises from a longlasting separate rearing at early stages(SRES)in traditional selective breeding programs,especially when bred populations have weak genetic ties.Communal rearing at early stages(CRES)may reduce common environmental effect since all families are reared in the same environment immediately after hatching.Here,we compared the effects of CRES and SRES strategies on genetic parameter estimation for harvest body weight in a selective breeding population of Litopenaeus vannamei with a small number of half-sib families.Genetic parameters of each strategy were estimated by using animal models excluding and including the common environmental effect(Model 1 and Model 2,respectively).Heritability estimates for body weight were 0.21±0.06(P<0.05)and 0.69±0.09(P<0.05)for CRES and SRES,respectively,in Model 1,and 0.21±0.06(P<0.05)and 0.52±0.27(P>0.05)in Model 2.The ratio of common environmental variance to phenotypic variance was 0.002±0.000 and 0.071±0.112 for CRES and SRES,respectively.Neither strategy precisely partitioned the common environmental variance according to likelihood ratio test.Lower heritability for body weight in CRES than in SRES implied that a large common environmental variance was confounded with additive genetic variance and was not effectively partitioned in SRES.Moreover,genetic correlation of body weight between the two strategies was 0.75±0.15,indicating that family rankings truly changed.The CRES should be followed in the selective breeding program of shrimp,especially in a population with a shallow pedigree and weak genetic ties between families. | KONG Zhangwei KONG Jie HAO Dongchun LU Xia JIAN Tan MENG Xianhong LUO Kun CAO Baoxiang SUI Juan LI Xupeng LUAN Sheng | 2020 | Journal of Ocean University of China2020，19，4： | 0 |
| 9 | Immune Priming Induced by Heat-inactivated White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) in Fenneropenaeus chinensis Cultured at Different Temperature显示文摘[Objective]This study was designed to explore whether heat-inactivated white spot syndrome virus(WSSV)could induce immune priming in Fenneropenaeus chinensis.[Method]Shrimps cultured at 15(group E_(15℃)),23(group E_(23℃)),28(group E_(28℃))and 32(group E_(32℃))℃were fed for six successive days with the meat of WSSV-infected shrimps,which had been treated at 60℃for 1 h.Meanwhile,the shrimps of positive control were fed with a diet containing active WSSV at 23℃(group C_(23℃)),and the shrimps of negative control were fed with commercial compound feed only at 23℃(group CF_(23℃)).On Day 13 of the experiment,the survivors were re-challenged with active WSSV,and then the survival time,survival rate,mortality rate and viral load in each group were measured.The results showed that no death occurred among the shrimps fed with a diet containing heat-inactivated WSSV before the secondary challenge,while all the shrimps fed with a diet containing active WSSV(group CF_(23℃))died,suggesting that WSSV was completely inactivated by treatment at 60℃for 1 h.On day 19 of the experiment,the survival rate in groups E_(15℃),E_(23℃),E_(28℃),E_(32℃)and CF_(23℃)was 80.41%,33.29%,8.47%,16.43%and 8.89%,respectively.There was an extremely significant difference in survival rate between group E_(15℃)and other groups(P<0.01),a significant difference in survival rate between group E_(23℃)and CF_(23℃),E_(28℃),E_(32℃)(P<0.05),and no significant difference in survival rate between groups E_(28℃)and E_(32℃)(P>0.05).RT-q PCR revealed WSSV replicated most rapidly at 28℃after the secondary challenge,while high(32℃)and low(15℃)temperature inhibited the multiplication of WSSV.In summary,heat-inactivated WSSV can induce immune priming response and provide some protection to shrimps against WSSV infection.The multiplication rate of WSSV is closely related to water temperature. | Cao Jiawang Kong Jie Luo Kun Luan Sheng Cao Baoxiang Shi Xiaoli Lu Xia Meng Xianhong | 2017 | Animal Husbandry and Feed Science2017，9，6： | 0 |
| 10 | Effect of Poly-β-Hydroxybutyrate on the Activity of Nonspecific Immunity Related Enzymes in Fenne rope naeus chinensis显示文摘[Objective] This study was carried out to explore the effect of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate(PHB) on the performance of the nonspecific immune system in Fenneropenaeus chinensis. [Method] F. chinensis individuals were assigned into six groups, and each group was fed with a diet containing 0(Control), 0.5%(Group E_(0.5)), 1.0%(Group E_(1.0)), 2.5%(Group E_(2.5)), 5.0%(Group E_(5.0)) or 10.0% PHB(Group E_(10.0)). The mortality rate and relative percent of survival(RPS) of each group were calculated after 6 weeks. Meanwhile, the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC), the activity of acid phosphatase(ACP), peroxidase(POD) and catalase(CAT), and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA) in hepatopancreas and serum were measured,and their correlation with PHB concentration was analyzed. [Result] The RPS in PHB treated shrimps increased initially and decreased subsequently with increasing PHB concentration. RPS of Group E_(1.0) was the highest, showing significant difference from that of other groups( P <0.05).With the increase in PHB concentration, the activity of immunity related enzymes changed in a similar pattern with RPS: increasing at first and decreasing subsequently. In addition, the activity of the enzymes was elevated in the 2^(nd) and 3^(rd) weeks of PHB administration. Among them, T-AOC in serum of groups E_(1.0) and E_(2.5), T-AOC in hepatopancreas of Group E_(1.0), ACP activity in serum of groups E_(1.0) and E_(2.5), ACP activity in hepatopancreas of Group E_(1.0), CAT activity in groups E_(0.5), E_(1.0) and E_(2.5), CAT activity in hepatopancreas of groups E_(0.5), E_(1.0) and E_(10.0), POD activity in both serum and hepatopancreas of groups E_(0.5), E_(1.0) and E_(2.5), SOD activity in both serum and hepatopancreas of Group E_(1.0), MDA content in serum of Group E_(1.0) and MDA content in hepatopancreas of groups E_(0.5) and E_(1.0) showed significant difference from those of other groups(P<0.05). [Conclusion] PHB can improve the immunity of F. chinensis, 1.0% in feed has the best effect, and the total enzyme activity reaches the highest level in the 2^(nd) and 3^(rd) weeks of PHB administration. | Zhang Hengheng Meng Xianhong Kong Jie Luo Kun Luan Sheng Cao Baoxiang Cao Jiawang Zhang Yingxue | 2018 | Animal Husbandry and Feed Science2018，10，1： | 0 |
| 11 | Comparisons of Growth and Survival Performance Among Selected Families and Wild Populations of Fenneropenaeus chinensis显示文摘In this study,families of selected population for growth(SP_BWT),selected population for white spot syndrome virus(WSSV)resistance(SP_RW),Bohai wild population(WP_BH)and Huanghai wild population(WP_HH)of F.chinensis were constructed through artificial insemination and with the standardized procedure of larvae rearing.Growth and survival performance were studied among four populations after a 70 days common test.The results showed that the maximum least square mean of body weight was 17.50 g in SP_BWT while the minimum was 13.03 g in WP_HH.Compared with WP_BH,body weight of SP_BWT increased by 23.41%(P<0.01)and that of SP_RW by 12.20%(P>0.05).Body weights of SP_BWT and SP_RW were significantly higher than that of WP_HH,which increased by 34.31%(P<0.01)and 22.10%(P<0.05),respectively.The mean AGR of four populations was 0.19,0.18,0.17 and 0.16 g d^(-1),respectively.Coefficient of variation of body weight among four populations was high,which ranged from 32.67% to 35.25%.Such a range showed that there was the potentiality for further improvement in selected populations.Coefficient of variation of survival rate among four populations was low,varying between 3.20% and 5.90%.The difference of survival was highly significant(P<0.01)between SP_BWT and WP_BH,and significant(P<0.05)between SP_RW and WP_BH.However,no significant difference among other populations(P>0.05)was observed.Different growth performances were also observed among different families in each population.The body weight of 798F family was the highest.The absolute growth rate(AGR)was 0.25 g d^(-1),150%higher than that of the lowest one,0.1 g d^(-1) in 807F family.Survival rate of families among four populations was different.The highest was 94.74%,and the lowest was 71.88%. | LUO Kun KONG Jie MENG Xianhong LUAN Sheng CAO Baoxiang CHEN Baolong | 2018 | Journal of Ocean University of China2018，17，2： | 0 |
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