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| 1 | 将卒中纳入心血管风险预测工具美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会对医疗卫生专业人员的声明显示文摘背景和目的目前美国针对心血管事件风险预测以及一级和二级预防的指南声明均使用绝对风险估计值来识别血管事件高危患者以及可从特定干预措施中获益的患者。然而,这些指南并未明确地包括卒中患者。本指南对现有证据和争论进行概述以支持:(1)将卒中(尤其是动脉粥样硬化性卒中)患者纳入心血管病绝对风险增高的患者群体;(2)将卒中纳入血管性疾病风险预测工具的转归预测因素。方法和结果写作组成员由委员会联合主席基于先前在相关领域的研究成果来提名,并得到美国心脏协会(American Heart Association,AHA)卒中委员会科学声明监督委员会以及文稿监督委员会的批准。作者采用系统文献回顾(覆盖1980年1月至2010年3月期间的文献)并参考以往公布的指南、个人资料以及专家观点,以归纳现有证据,提出当前知识的不足,并根据AHA标准对适当的问题制定推荐意见。所有写作组成员均有机会对推荐意见进行评论并批准了最终版本。经广泛的AHA内部同行评议以及卒中委员会领导阶层和科学声明监督委员会的审阅后,最终获得AHA科学咨询和协调委员会的批准。将卒中患者(尤其是动脉粥样硬化性卒中患者)纳入冠状动脉和心血管病绝对高危人群的原因如下。首先,有证据显示,缺血性卒中患者发生致死性和非致死性心肌梗死或猝死的绝对风险增高,10年绝对风险≥20%,这一风险阈值已被一些指南用于定义冠状动脉疾病风险等危症。其次,纳入动脉粥样硬化性卒中的原因与纳入糖尿病、周围血管病、慢性肾脏病以及其他动脉粥样硬化性疾病的原因相同,尽管尚缺乏在所有人群或患者中风险增高的统一证据。再次,缺血性卒中的大动脉粥样硬化性卒中亚型与其他这些疾病的病理生理学机制相同。将卒中纳入高危因素将导致高危人群的数量扩大约10%。然而,由于卒中的异质性,尚不确定其他卒中亚型,包括出血性卒中以及非动脉粥样硬化性卒中亚型,是否应被视为具有相同水平的风险,因此有待进一步研究。鉴于卒中对残疾和死亡的影响、卒中与其他血管性疾病预防措施的相似性以及卒中在某些人群中较冠状动脉疾病更高的重要性,将卒中、心肌梗死和猝死纳入心血管事件风险预测工具的转归预测因素是合适的。美国以外的指南常常将卒中患者纳入心血管高危人群,并将卒中作为心脏终点的一个相关转归事件。结论动脉粥样硬化性卒中患者应被纳入会进一步发生冠状动脉粥样硬化事件的高危患者(10年≥20%)。是否应纳入非动脉粥样硬化卒中亚型尚不确定。对于一级预防,缺血性卒中应被纳入绝对风险评估方案的心血管疾病转归事件。将动脉粥样硬化性卒中作为一个高危因素或者更宽泛地将缺血性卒中视作一种转归事件纳入,可能对心血管病的预防具有重要意义,因为被评定为高危风险的患者数量将大幅增加。 | Daniel T. Lackland Mitchell S.V. Elkind Ralph D'Agostino Sr Mandip S. Dhamoon David C. Goff Jr Randall T. Higashida Leslie A. McClure Pamela H. Mitchell Ralph L. Sacco Cathy A. Sila Sidney C. Smith Jr David Tanne David L. Tirschwell Emmanuel Touze Lawrence R. Wechsler 4:~ 尤寿江(译) 于海龙(译) 刘慧慧(译) 张霞(译) 刘春风(译) | 2012 | 国际脑血管病杂志2012，20，11： | 13 |
| 2 | More anxious than depressed:prevalence and correlates in a 15-nation study of anxiety disorders in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus显示文摘Background Anxiety disorder, one of the highly disabling, prevalent and common mental disorders, is known to be more prevalent in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) than the general population, and the comorbid presence of anxiety disorders is known to have an impact on the diabetes outcome and the quality of life. However, the information on the type of anxiety disorder and its prevalence in persons with T2DM is limited. Aims To assess the prevalence and correlates of anxiety disorder in people with type 2 diabetes in different countries. Methods People aged 18-65 years with diabetes and treated in outpatient settings were recruited in 15 countries and underwent a psychiatric interview with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Demographic and medical record data were collected. Results A total of 3170 people with type 2 diabetes (56.2% women;with mean (SD) duration of diabetes 10.01 (7.0) years) participated. The overall prevalence of anxiety disorders in type 2 diabetic persons was 18%;however, 2.8% of the study population had more than one type of anxiety disorder. The most prevalent anxiety disorders were generalised anxiety disorder (8.1%) and panic disorder (5.1%). Female gender, presence of diabetic complications, longer duration of diabetes and poorer glycaemic control (HbA1c levels) were significantly associated with comorbid anxiety disorder. A higher prevalence of anxiety disorders was observed in Ukraine, Saudi Arabia and Argentina with a lower prevalence in Bangladesh and India. Conclusions Our international study shows that people with type 2 diabetes have a high prevalence of anxiety disorders, especially women, those with diabetic complications, those with a longer duration of diabetes and poorer glycaemic control. Early identification and appropriate timely care of psychiatric problems of people with type 2 diabetes is warranted. | Santosh K Chaturvedi Shayanth Manche Gowda Helal Uddin Ahmed Fahad D Alosaimi Nicola Andreone Alexey Bobrov Viola Bulgari Giuseppe Carra Gianluca Castelnuovo Giovanni de Girolamo Tomasz Gondek Nikola Jovanovic Thummala Kamala Andrzej Ki Nebojsa Lalic Dusica Lecic-Tosevski Fareed Minhas Victoria Mutiso David Ndetei Golam Rabbani Suntibenchakul Somruk Sathyanarayana Srikanta Rizwan Taj Umberto Valentini Olivera Vukovic Wolfgang Wolwer Larry Cimino Arie Nouwen Cathy Lloyd Norman Sartorius | 2019 | General Psychiatry2019，32，4： | 11 |
| 3 | Metformin does not improve survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘AIM:To assess whether metformin,which has a chemopreventive effect in chronic liver disease,has any chemotherapeutic effect in hepatocellular carcinoma.METHODS:This was a retrospective study of 701 patients with newly diagnosed hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)seen between January 2005 and June 2011 at Mayo Clinic,Rochester,Minnesota.This patient cohort was a part of the global HCC BRIDGE study,which is a large longitudinal study of HCC determining the realworld experience of HCC characteristics,management and patient outcomes.We defined significant metformin exposure as continuation of this agent at least 90d beyond diagnosis of HCC,and compared survival of diabetic patients on metformin to diabetic patients not on metformin and non-diabetics.RESULTS:Our cohort was 72.9%male,with a mean±SD age of 62.6±12.3 years.The most common etiologies of liver disease were hepatitis C(34%),alcoholic liver disease(29%),fatty liver disease(15%)and hepatitis B(9%).By univariate analysis,using diabetics not on metformin as the reference group,diabetic patients with HCC on metformin had no survival advantage,with a HR(95%CI)of 1.0(0.8-1.3).Non-diabetic HCC patients also did not appear to have a survival advantage as compared to diabetic HCC patients not on metformin,as demonstrated by a HR(95%CI)of1.1(0.7-1.7).Diabetics on metformin beyond 90 d after HCC diagnosis had a longer median survival at 34.2 mo,as compared to 25.5 mo among diabetic patients who were not on metformin or had discontinued metformin within 90 d after HCC diagnosis.This finding was likely due to potential survival bias among those who lived long enough to receive metformin.CONCLUSION:Although the literature suggests a chemotherapeutic effect in other malignancies,our study demonstrates no survival benefit to the use of metformin in diabetic patients with HCC. | Mamatha Bhat Roongruedee Chaiteerakij William S Harmsen Cathy D Schleck Ju Dong Yang Nasra H Giama Terry M Therneau Gregory J Gores Lewis R Roberts | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，42： | 11 |
| 4 | Gastro-duodenal disease in Africa: Literature review and clinical data from Accra, Ghana显示文摘Gastroduodenal disease(GDD)was initially thought to be uncommon in Africa.Amongst others,lack of access to optimal health infrastructure and suspicion of conventional medicine resulted in the reported prevalence of GDD being significantly lower than that in other areas of the world.Following the increasing availability of flexible upper gastro-intestinal endoscopy,it has now become apparent that GDD,especially peptic ulcer disease(PUD),is prevalent across the continent of Africa.Recognised risk factors for gastric cancer(GCA)include Helicobater pylori(H.pylori),diet,Epstein-Barr virus infection and industrial chemical exposure,while those for PUD are H.pylori,non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug(NSAID)-use,smoking and alcohol consumption.Of these,H.pylori is generally accepted to be causally related to the development of atrophic gastritis(AG),intestinal metaplasia(IM),PUD and distal GCA.Here,we perform a systematic review of the patterns of GDD across Africa obtained with endoscopy,and complement the analysis with new data obtained on premalignant gastric his-topathological lesions in Accra,Ghana which was compared with previous data from Maputo,Mozambique.As there is a general lack of structured cohort studies in Africa,we also considered endoscopy-based hospital or tertiary centre studies of symptomatic individuals.In Africa,there is considerable heterogeneity in the prevalence of PUD with no clear geographical patterns.Furthermore,there are differences in PUD within-country despite universally endemic H.pylori infection.PUD is not uncommon in Africa.Most of the African tertiary-centre studies had higher prevalence of PUD when compared with similar studies in western countries.An additional intriguing observation is a recent,ongoing decline in PUD in some African countries where H.pylori infection is still high.One possible reason for the high,sustained prevalence of PUD may be the significant use of NSAIDs in local or over-the-counter preparations.The prevalence of AG and IM,were similar or modestly higher over rates in western countries but lower than those seen in Asia..In our new data,sampling of 136 patients in Accra detected evidence of pre-malignant lesions(AG and/or IM)in 20 individuals(14.7%).Likewise,the prevalence of pre-malignant lesions,in a sample of 109 patients from Maputo,were 8.3%AG and 8.3%IM.While H.pylori is endemic in Africa,the observed prevalence for GCA is rather low.However,cancer data is drawn from country cancer registries that are not comprehensive due to considerable variation in the availability of efficient local cancer reporting systems,diagnostic health facilities and expertise.Validation of cases and their source as well as specificity of outcome definitions are not explicit in most studies further contributing to uncertainty about the precise incidence rates of GCA on the continent.We conclude that evidence is still lacking to support(or not)the African enigma theory due to inconsistencies in the data that indicate a particularly low incidence of GDD in African countries. | Timothy N Archampong Richard H Asmah Cathy J Richards Vicki J Martin Christopher D Bayliss Edília Botao Leonor David Sandra Beleza Carla Carrilho | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，26： | 3 |
| 5 | llncidence of Class 1 and class2 integrases in clinical and commensal bacteria from live- stock, companion animals and exotics显示文摘 | Cathy G Margie D L Susan S | 2001 | Antimierob Agents Che- mother2001，45，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Kxpression of antifreeze proteins in transgenic plants 显示文摘 | Hightower R Cathy B Ranela D | 1991 | Plant Molecular Biology1991，17，5： | 1 |
| 7 | Disclosing Elements of Disclosure: A Test of Legitimacy Theory and Com- pany Ethics显示文摘 | KAREN L CATHY D | 2008 | Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences2008，25，10： | 1 |
| 8 | Expression of antifreeze proteins in transgenic plants显示文摘 | | 1991 | Plant Molecular Biology1991，17，5： | 1 |
| 9 | Prognostic significance of lymph node metastasis found during pulmonary metastasectomy for extrapulmonary carcinoma显示文摘 | Sina Ercan Francis C Nichols Victor F Trastek Claude Deschamps Mark S Allen Daniel L Miller Cathy D Schleck Peter C Pairolero | 2004 | The Annals of Thoracic Surgery2004，，5： | 1 |
| 10 | Evaluation of transgenic tomato plants expressing an additional phytoene synthase in a fruit-specific manner显示文摘 | Paul D F Susanne R Cathie A S | 2002 | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences2002，99，2： | 1 |
| 11 | A novel RGD antagonist that targets both αvβ3 and α5β1 induces apoptosis of angiogenic endothelial cells on type I collagen显示文摘 | Karen Meerovitch Frédéric Bergeron Lorraine Leblond Brigitte Grouix Cathy Poirier Monica Bubenik Laval Chan Henriette Gourdeau Terry Bowlin Giorgio Attardo | 2002 | Vascular Pharmacology2002，，2： | 1 |
| 12 | A novel serum microRNA panel to discriminate benign from malignant ovarian disease显示文摘 | Ream Langhe Lucy Norris Feras Abu Saadeh Gordon Blackshields Rachel Varley Ashling Harrison Noreen Gleeson Cathy Spillane Cara Martin Dearbhaile M. O’Donnell Tom D’Arcy John O’Leary Sharon O’Toole | 2014 | Cancer Letters2014，，： | 1 |
| 13 | Expression of Antifreeze proteins in Transgenic Plants 显示文摘 | Hightower R Cathy B Ranela D | 1991 | Plant Mol Biol1991，17，5： | 1 |
| 14 | Transitional care in skilled nursing facilities:a muhiple case study显示文摘 | MARK T CATHI EEN C E MARRY D N | 2016 | BMC HealthServRes2016，，： | 1 |
| 15 | Friendship over the Counter: How Social Aspects of Service Encounters Influence Consumer Service Loyalty显示文摘 | CATHY G GREMLER D D | 1996 | Advances in Services Marketing and Management1996，5，： | 1 |
| 16 | Extended bioremedi- ation of PAH/PCP contaminated soils from the POPILE wood treatment facility 显示文摘 | Hansen L D Cathy N Dave R | 2004 | Chemosphere2004，54，10： | 1 |
| 17 | Extended bioremediation of PAH/PCP contaminated soils from the POPILE wood treatment facility显示文摘 | Lance D Hansen Cathy Nestler Dave Ringelberg Rakesh Bajpai | 2003 | Chemosphere2003，，10： | 1 |
| 18 | Inclusion of Stroke in Cardiovascular Risk Prediction Instruments显示文摘 | Daniel T. Lackland Mitchell S.V. Elkind Ralph D’Agostino Mandip S. Dhamoon David C. Goff Randall T. Higashida Leslie A. McClure Pamela H. Mitchell Ralph L. Sacco Cathy A. Sila Sidney C. Smith David Tanne David L. Tirschwell Emmanuel Touzé Lawrence R. Wech | 2012 | Stroke2012，，7： | 1 |
| 19 | Testosterone influences renal electrolyte excretion in SHR/Y and wky males显示文摘 | Jonathan T Cathy J Cail D | 2008 | BMC Physiology2008，8，： | 1 |
| 20 | Evaluation of membranes used for electroblotting of proteins for direct automated microsequencing 显示文摘 | Cathy S B Michael J D Magdi H Y | 1991 | Electrophoresis1991，12，： | 1 |
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