| 3 | Effects of different machine transplanting methods on the physiological and yield characteristics of late rice in China显示文摘To address problems caused by rice machine transplanting such as injury to the seedlings and recovery period that extend growth period,this study explored the effects of different machine transplanting methods on the physiological and yield characteristics of late rice in China,and determine the appropriate machine transplanting method for late rice,which was expected to provide a basis for high-yield and high-efficient cultivation of machine-transplanted late rice.Hybrid indica rice Taiyou 398 and conventional indica rice Jing Gangruanzhan were selected as the research objects,and large-pot carpet seedling machine transplanting(M1),conventional pot carpet seedling machine transplanting(M2)and ordinary carpet seedling machine transplanting(M3)were adopted respectively to analyze their effects on seedling quality,population physiological characteristics,yield and its components and economic benefits of late rice.The results showed that compared with M2 and M3,M1 achieved higher seedling quality,showing significant advantages in the early stage despite average root entwining force that met the requirement of machine transplanting.The seedlings transplanted using M1 had shorter recovery period after mechanical transplanting,with earlier tillering,earlier peak seedling,and slower declining of stems and tillers in the late stage;the peak seedling number was not high,but the effective tiller number and earbearing tiller percentage were significantly higher than those achieved by the other two machine transplanting methods.Also,M1 achieved stronger photosynthetic capacity of flag leaves before HS,with more photosynthetic products in stems and leaves transported to panicles and more efficiently after HS.Compared with seedlings transplanted using M2 and M3,the recovery period of those transplanted using M1 was shortened by 3 and 5 d,the heading stage(HS),and maturity stage(MS)were advanced,which effectively reduced the risk and impact of“cold dew wind”on machine-transplanted late rice.M1 had significant yield increase advantage and economic benefit,with better grain maturity,and“larger panicles,more panicles,more and fuller grains”.M1 achieved an average yield increase of 10.31%-11.10%,20.67%-25.10%in 2 years,and an average income increase of 18.65%-131.06%and 62.85%-323.78%,respectively.Therefore,vigorously developing M1 is the key to the high-yield and high-efficient cultivation of machine-transplanted late rice in China. | Xuan Jia Yonglei Li Jiannong Song Cailing Liu Xiaolin Cao Licai Chen Lipengcheng Wan Xiang Ma | 2023 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2023，16，6： | 0 |
| 4 | Oxidized Nb_(2)C MXene as catalysts for lithium-sulfur batteries:Mitigating the shuttle phenomenon by facilitating catalytic conversion of lithium polysulfides显示文摘Extensive research has been devoted to lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries due to their overwhelming promises and advantages such as high theoretical capacity(1675 m Ah g^(-1)),extremely cost effectiveness and abundance and availability of sulfur.Nevertheless,a sluggish electrochemical kinetics of the battery limited by a slow conversion of lithium polysulfide(LiPSs)intermediates and Li PSs shuttle effect severely hinder its development towards industrial application.Herein,we designed the oxidized Nb2_(C)MXene with amorphous carbon(Nb_(2)O_(5)/C)composites as sulfur host using CO_(2)treatment to address the above issues.The Nb_(2)O_(5)/C composites with high conductivity are directly employed as sulfur hosts for Li-S battery capable to remarkably mitigate the shuttle phenomenon due to a combined effect of their Li PSs trapping ability and catalytic activity towards their accelerated conversion.Meanwhile,the unique layered structure of the composite facilitates ion transfer and accommodates the volume changes of the cathode during cycling.With this rational design,the resultant Li-S batteries exhibit superior electrochemical performance with a high initial specific capacity of 745 m Ah g^(-1)at 1.0 C and a reversible capacity of 620 m Ah g^(-1)at a high rate cycling at 3.0 C. | Cailing Song Wen Zhang Qianwen Jin Yan Zhao Yongguang Zhang Xin Wang Zhumabay Bakenov | 2022 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2022，，24： | 0 |
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