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| 1 | Radiofrequency ablation of liver tumors: Actual limitations and potential solutions in the future显示文摘Over the past decade,radiofrequency ablation(RFA) has evolved into an important therapeutical tool for the treatment of non resectable primary and secondary liver tumors.The clinical benefit of RFA is represented in several clinical studies.They underline the safety and feasibility of this new and modern concept in treating liver tumors.RFA has proven its clinical impact not only in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) but also in metastatic disease such as colorectal cancer(CRC).Due to the increasing number of HCC and CRC,RFA might play an even more important role in the future.Therefore,the refinement of RFA technology is as important as the evaluation of data of prospective randomized trials that will help define guidelines for good clinical practice in RFA application in the future.The combination of hepatic resection and RFA extends the feasibility of open surgical procedures in patients with extensive tumors.Adverse effects of RFA such as biliary tract damage,liver failure and local recurrence remain an important task today but overall the long term results of RFA application in treating liver tumors are promising.Incomplete ablation of liver tumors due to insufficient technology of ablation needles,tissue cooling by the neighbouring blood vessels,large tumor masses and ablation of tumors in close vicinity to heat sensitive organs remain difficult tasks for RFA.Future solutions to overcome these limitations of RFA will include refinement of ultrasonographic guidance(accuracy of probe placement),improvements in needle technology(e.g.needles preventing charring)and intraductal cooling techniques. | Beat M Künzli Paolo Abitabile Christoph A Maurer | 2011 | World Journal of Hepatology2011，3，1： | 15 |
| 2 | Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘煽动性的肠疾病是在孩子和青少年的胃肠的病理的一个重要原因。小儿科的煽动性的肠疾病的发生正在增加;因此,临床医生知道在小儿科的人口的这疾病的演讲是重要的。实验室测试,辐射学研究,和内视镜的过程在诊断煽动性的肠疾病并且在 Crohn 的疾病和 ulcerative 之间区分是有用的。一旦诊断,当最小化药的副作用时,医药管理的目标是导致疾病的宽恕。特定的注意需要对在这张易受影响的人口完成正常生长被给予。外科的管理通常为医药管理,复杂并发症,或恶意的失败被显示。为小儿科的煽动性的肠疾病的诊断评估和处理的算法被介绍。面对这些病人的特定的精神分析聚会问题也在是处于小儿科的煽动性的肠疾病的复杂问题的研究的未来目标的这评论被讨论。 | Karen A Diefenbach Christopher K Breuer | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，20： | 13 |
| 3 | Alcoholic pancreatitis:New insights into the pathogenesisand treatment显示文摘Acute pancreatitis is a necro-inflammatory disease of the exocrine pancreas that is characterized by inappropriate activation of zymogens, infiltration of the pancreas by inflammatory cells, and destruction of the pancreatic exocrine cells. Acute pancreatitis can progress to a severe life-threatening disease. Currently there is no pharmacotherapy to prevent or treat acute pancreatitis. One of the more common factors associated with acute pancreatitis is alcohol abuse. Although commonly associated with pancreatitis alcohol alone is unable to cause pancreatitis. Instead, it appears that alcohol and its metabolic by-products predispose the pancreas to damage from agents that normally do not cause pancreatitis, or to more severe disease from agents that normally cause mild pancreatic damage. Over the last 10 to 20 years, a tremendous amount of work has defined a number of alcohol-mediated biochemical changes in pancreatic cells. Among these changes are: Sustained levels of intracellular calcium, activation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, endoplasmic reticulum stress, impairment in autophagy, alteration in the activity of transcriptional activators, and colocalization of lysosomal and pancreatic digestive enzymes. Elucidation of these changes has led to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms by which ethanol predisposes acinar cells to damage. This greater understanding has revealed a number of promising targets for therapeutic intervention. It is hoped that further investigation of these targets will lead to the development of pharmacotherapy that is effective in treating and preventing the progression of acute pancreatitis. | Dahn L Clemens Katrina J Schneider Christopher K Arkfeld Jaclyn R Grode Mark A Wells Shailender Singh | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2016，7，1： | 10 |
| 4 | Liver resections can be performed safely without Pringle maneuver: A prospective study显示文摘AIM To evaluate liver resections without Pringle maneuver, i.e., clamping of the portal triad. METHODS Between 9/2002 and 7/2013, 175 consecutive liver resections(n = 101 major anatomical and n = 74 large atypical > 5 cm) without Pringle maneuver were performed in 127 patients(143 surgeries). Accompanying, 37 wedge resections(specimens < 5 cm) and 43 radiofrequency ablations were performed. Preoperative volumetric calculation of the liver remnant preceeded all anatomical resections. The liver parenchyma was dissected by waterjet. The median central venous pressure was 4 mmH g(range: 5-14). Data was collected prospectively. RESULTS The median age of patients was 60 years(range: 16-85). Preoperative chemotherapy was used in 70 cases(49.0%). Liver cirrhosis was present in 6.3%, and liver steatosis of ≥ 10% in 28.0%. Blood loss was median 400 mL(range 50-5000 mL). Perioperative blood transfusions were given in 22/143 procedures(15%). The median weight of anatomically resected liver specimens was 525 g(range: 51-1850 g). One patient died postoperatively. Biliary leakages(n = 5) were treated conservatively. Temporary liver failure occurred in two patients.CONCLUSION Major liver resections without Pringle maneuver are feasible and safe. The avoidance of liver inflow clamping might reduce liver damage and failure, and shorten the hospital stay. | Christoph A Maurer Mikolaj Walensi Samuel A Kaser Beat M Künzli Rene Lotscher Anne Zuse | 2016 | World Journal of Hepatology2016，8，24： | 6 |
| 5 | National, regional, and global trends in fasting plasma glucose and diabetes prevalence since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 370 country-years and 2·7 million participants显示文摘 | Goodarz Danaei Mariel M Finucane Yuan Lu Gitanjali M Singh Melanie J Cowan Christopher J Paciorek John K Lin Farshad Farzadfar Young-Ho Khang Gretchen A Stevens Mayuree Rao Mohammed K Ali Leanne M Riley Carolyn A Robinson Majid Ezzati | 2011 | The Lancet2011，，9785： | 6 |
| 6 | Clinical outcomes following salvage Gamma Knife radiosurgery for recurrent glioblastoma显示文摘Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor with a survival prognosis of 14-16 mo for the highest functioning patients. Despite aggressive, multimodal upfront therapies, the majority of GBMs will recur in approximately six months. Salvage therapy options for recurrent GBM(r GBM) are an area of intense research. This study compares recent survival and quality of life outcomes following Gamma Knife radiosurgery(GKRS) salvage therapy. Following a Pub Med search for studies usingGKRS as salvage therapy for malignant gliomas, nine articles from 2005 to July 2013 were identified which evaluated rG BM treatment. In this review, we compare overall survival following diagnosis, overall survival following salvage treatment, progression-free survival, time to recurrence, local tumor control, and adverse radiation effects. This report discusses results for rG BM patient populations alone, not for mixed populations with other tumor histology grades. All nine studies reported median overall survival rates(from diagnosis, range:16.7-33.2 mo; from salvage, range:9-17.9 mo). Three studies identified median progression-free survival(range:4.6-14.9 mo). Two showed median time to recurrence of GBM. Two discussed local tumor control. Six studies reported adverse radiation effects(range:0%-46% of patients). The greatest survival advantages were seen in patients who received GKRS salvage along with other treatments, like resection or bevacizumab, suggesting that appropriately tailored multimodal therapy should be considered with each rG BM patient. However, there needs to be a randomized clinical trial to test GKRS for rG BM before the possibility of selection bias can be dismissed. | Erik W Larson Halloran E Peterson Wayne T Lamoreaux Alexander R MacKay Robert K Fairbanks Jason A Call Jonathan D Carlson Benjamin C Ling John J Demakas Barton S Cooke Christopher M Lee | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，2： | 5 |
| 7 | Heat shock protein 90 inhibition by 17-DMAG lessens disease in the MRL/Ipr mouse model of systemic lupus erythematosus显示文摘热吃惊蛋白质 90 的提高的表示(HSP90 ) 在全身的豺狼座 erythematosus (SLE ) 的肾和浆液被发现了病人和 MRL/Mp-Fas lpr /Fas lpr (MRL/lpr ) 自体免疫的老鼠。如果 HSP90 的抑制将在 MRL/lpr 老鼠减少疾病,我们调查了。在在 vivo 的 vitro,有在 IL-6 的有免疫力刺激的显示出的减少的表示以前的 HSP90 禁止者 Geldanamycin 的 mesangial 房间的预告的处理, IL-12 和号码,我们发现当与 C57BL/6 相比鼠标和 MRL/lpr 鼠标与 HSP90 禁止者 17-DMAG 对待时, HSP90 表示在 MRL/lpr 肾被提高。与 17-DMAG 对待的 MRL/lpr 老鼠显示出减少的 proteinuria 并且减少了浆液 anti-dsDNA 抗体生产。Glomerulonephritis 和 glomerular IgG 和 C3 没被 17-DMAG 的管理显著地在 MRL/lpr 影响。17-DMAG 增加了 CD8 + T 房间,减少的双 negative T 房间,减少 CD4/CD8 比率和减少的小囊的 B 房间。这些研究建议 HSP90 可以在调整 T 房间区别和激活起一个作用并且 HSP90 抑制可以在豺狼座减少发炎。 | Samuel K Shimp III Cristen B Chafin Nicole L Regna Sarah E Hammond Molly A Read David L Caudell Marissa Nichole Rylander Christopher M Reilly | 2012 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2012，9，3： | 3 |
| 8 | SLC26A4 mutation testing for hearing loss associated with enlargement of the vestibular aqueduct显示文摘Pendred syndrome(PS) is characterized by autosomal recessive inheritance of goiter associated with a defect of iodide organification, hearing loss, enlargement of the vestibular aqueduct(EVA), and mutations of the SLC26A4 gene. However, not all EVA patients have PSor SLC26A4 mutations. Two mutant alleles of SLC26A4 are detected in 1/4 of North American or European EVA populations, one mutant allele is detected in another 1/4 of patient populations, and no mutations are detected in the other 1/2. The presence of two mutant alleles of SLC26A4 is associated with abnormal iodide organification, increased thyroid gland volume, increased severity of hearing loss, and bilateral EVA. The presence of a single mutant allele of SLC26A4 is associated with normal iodide organification, normal thyroid gland volume, less severe hearing loss and either bilateral or unilateral EVA. When other underlying correlations are accounted for, the presence of a cochlear malformation or the size of EVA does not have an effect on hearing thresholds. This is consistent with observations of an Slc26a4 mutant mouse model of EVA in which hearing loss is independent of endolymphatic hydrops or inner ear malformations. Segregation analyses of EVA in families suggest that the patients carrying one mutant allele of SLC26A4 have a second, undetected mutant allele of SLC26A4, and the probability of a sibling having EVA is consistent with its segregation as an autosomal recessive trait. Patients without any mutations are an etiologically heterogeneous group in which siblings have a lower probability of having EVA. SLC26A4 mutation testing can provide prognostic information to guide clinical surveillance and management, as well as the probability of EVA affecting a sibling. | Taku Ito Julie Muskett Parna Chattaraj Byung Yoon Choi Kyu Yup Lee Christopher K Zalewski Kelly A King Xiangming Li Philine Wangemann Thomas Shawker Carmen C Brewer Seth L Alper Andrew J Griffith | 2013 | World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology2013，3，2： | 2 |
| 9 | Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010显示文摘 | Christopher J L Murray Theo Vos Rafael Lozano Mohsen Naghavi Abraham D Flaxman Catherine Michaud Majid Ezzati Kenji Shibuya Joshua A Salomon Safa Abdalla Victor Aboyans Jerry Abraham Ilana Ackerman Rakesh Aggarwal Stephanie Y Ahn Mohammed K Ali Mohammad A | 2012 | The Lancet . 2012 (9859)2012，，9859： | 2 |
| 10 | National, regional, and global trends in fasting plasma glucose and diabetes prevalence since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 370 country-years and 2·7 million participants显示文摘 | Goodarz Danaei Mariel M Finucane Yuan Lu Gitanjali M Singh Melanie J Cowan Christopher J Paciorek John K Lin Farshad Farzadfar Young-Ho Khang Gretchen A Stevens Mayuree Rao Mohammed K Ali Leanne M Riley Carolyn A Robinson Majid Ezzati | 2011 | The Lancet2011，，9785： | 2 |
| 11 | National, regional, and global trends in fasting plasma glucose and diabetes prevalence since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 370 country-years and 2·7 million participants显示文摘 | Goodarz Danaei Mariel M Finucane Yuan Lu Gitanjali M Singh Melanie J Cowan Christopher J Paciorek John K Lin Farshad Farzadfar Young-Ho Khang Gretchen A Stevens Mayuree Rao Mohammed K Ali Leanne M Riley Carolyn A Robinson Majid Ezzati | 2011 | 2011 (9785)2011，，9785： | 2 |
| 12 | Bacterial RNA chaperones confer abiotic stress tolerance in plants and improved grain yield in maize under water-limited condition 显示文摘 | Paolo C Dave W Robert J B Don C A Jay H Martin S Mark A Ganesh K Sara S Robert D Santiago N Stephanie B Mary F Jayaprakash T Santanu D Christopher B Michael H L Jacqueline E H | 2008 | Plant Physiology2008，147，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Effect of crystal nature on upconversion luminescence in Er3:ZrO2nanocrystals显示文摘 | PATRAC A CHRISTOPHER S FRIEND R K | 2003 | Appl Phys Lett2003，，83： | 1 |
| 14 | Visible light photoredox catalysis with transition metal complexes:applications in organic synthesis显示文摘 | Christopher K P Danica A R David W C M | 2013 | Chem Rev2013，113，： | 1 |
| 15 | Cognitive Radio:Spectrum Sensing Problems in Signal Processing显示文摘 | Christopher C J Krishnan K V Bagubali A | 2012 | International Journal of Computer Appli-cations2012，40，16： | 1 |
| 16 | Early involve ment of death associated protein kinase promoter hypermethylation in the carcinogenesis of harrett's esophageal adenocareinoma and its association with clinical progression显示文摘 | Doerthe K Altar A D Christopher C M | 2007 | Ncoplasia2007，9，3： | 1 |
| 17 | As compared to allopurinol, urate-lowering therapy with febuxostat has superioreffects on oxidative stress and pulse wave velocity in patients with severe chronic tophaceous gout显示文摘 | Tausche A K Christoph M Forkmann M | 2014 | Rheumatology international2014，34，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Struc-tural evolution of minibasins on the Utsira High,north-ern North Sea;implications for Jurassic sediment disper-sal and reservoir distribution显示文摘 | Christopher A L Jackson Karla E K | 2010 | Petroleum Geoscience2010，，： | 1 |
| 19 | Thiolate ligands for synthesis of water-soluble gold clusters显示文摘 | Christopher J A Pablo D J Roger D K | 2005 | J Am Chem Soc2005，127，18： | 1 |
| 20 | Metal-organic framework materials with ultrahigh surface areas: is the sky the limit?显示文摘 | Farha Omar K Eryazici Ibrahim Jeong Nak Cheon Hauser Brad G Wilmer Christopher E Sarjeant Amy A Snurr Randall Q Nguyen SonBinh T Ozgox Yazaythn A Hupp Joseph T | 2012 | Journal of the American Chemical Society2012，134，15： | 1 |
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