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| 1 | 评估大气细颗粒物暴露引起的全球疾病负担的一个综合风险函数显示文摘[背景]评估由于环境空气中细颗粒物(PM2.5)长期暴露引起的疾病负担,需要了解相对风险度(RR)函数的图形和幅度。然而,在世界上很多观察到高PM2.5环境浓度的地方,都缺乏足够的直接证据确定死亡RR函数的图形。[目的]建立可用于全球PM2.5暴露范围内成人死因的RR函数:缺血性心脏病(IHD)、脑血管疾病(脑卒中)、慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)和肺癌(LC)。建立急性下呼吸道感染(ALRI)发病的RR函数,用于估算〈5岁的儿童中死亡率和健康生活损失年数。[方法]通过整合现有的来自于环境空气污染(AAP)、二手烟草烟雾、家用固体烹饪用燃料和主动吸烟(AS)等研究的RR信息,拟合综合暴露-反应(IER)模型。采用颗粒物质的吸入剂量,通过转化AS暴露来估计全年PM2.5的暴露当量。在估算全球环境PM2.5浓度的基础上,得出各国的人群归因分数(PAFs)。[结果]与以往负担评估中使用的其他7种模型相比,IER模型是一种优越的RR预测方法。在不同国家中,归因于AAP暴露的PAF百分数各不相同,分别为:IHD,2~41;脑卒中,1~43;COPD,〈1~21;LC,〈1~25;ALRI,〈1~38。[结论]我们建立了一种以细颗粒物为基础的RR模型,它通过整合来自不同类型的燃烧所产生颗粒物排放的RR信息,涵盖全球范围的暴露。当获得新的RR信息时,可以对这个模型进行更新。 | Richard T.Burnett C.Arden Pope III Majid Ezzati Casey Olives Stephen S.Lim Sumi Mehta Hwashin H.Shin Gitanjali Singh Bryan Hubbell Michael Brauer H.Ross Anderson Kirk R.Smith John R.Balmes Nigel G.Bruce Haidong Kan Francine Laden Annette Prüss-Ustün Michelle C.Turner Susan M.Gapstur W.Ryan Diver Aaron Cohen 何蓉 张伊人 金泰廙 | 2014 | 环境与职业医学2014，31，11： | 80 |
| 2 | Comparative effectiveness of traditional chemoembolization with or without sorafenib for hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘AIM: To compare the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) with associated adverse events (AE) in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) + sorafenib vs TACE alone. METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study we collected data on all consecutive patients with a diagnosis of unresectable HCC between 2007 and 2011 who had been treated with TACE + sorafenib or TACE alone. We hypothesized that the combination therapy is superior to TACE alone in improving the survival in these patients. Data extracted included patient's demographics, etiology of liver disease, histology of HCC, stage of liver disease with respect to model of end stage liverdisease score and Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) classification and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging for HCC. Computed tomography scan findings, alpha fetoprotein levels, number of treatments and related AE were also recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 43 patients who met inclusion criteria, 13 were treated with TACE + sorafenib and 30 with TACE alone. There was no significant difference in median survival: 20.6 mo (95%CI: 13.4-38.4) for the TACE + sorafenib and 18.3 mo (95%CI: 11.8-32.9) for the TACE alone (P = 0.72). There were also no statistically significant differences between groups in OS (HR = 0.82, 95%CI: 0.38-1.77; P = 0.61), PFS (HR = 0.93, 95%CI: 0.45-1.89; P = 0.83), and treatment-related toxicities (P = 0.554). CTP classification and BCLC staging for HCC were statistically significant (P = 0.001, P = 0.04 respectively) in predicting the survival in patients with HCC. The common AE observed were abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and mild elevation of liver enzymes. CONCLUSION: Combination therapy with TACE + sorafenib is safe and equally effective as TACE alone in patients with unresectable HCC. CTP classification and BCLC staging were the significant predictors of survival. Future trials with large number of patients are needed to further validate this observation. | Adnan Muhammad Manish Dhamija Gitanjali Vidyarthi Donald Amodeo William Boyd Branko Miladinovic Ambuj Kumar | 2013 | World Journal of Hepatology2013，5，7： | 16 |
| 3 | Role of small bowel capsule endoscopy in the diagnosis and management of iron deficiency anemia in elderly: A comprehensive review of the current literature显示文摘Iron deficiency anemia(IDA)is common and often under recognized problem in the elderly.It may be the result of multiple factors including a bleeding lesion in the gastrointestinal tract.Twenty percent of elderly patients with IDA have a negative upper and lower endoscopy and two-thirds of these have a lesion in the small bowel(SB).Capsule endoscopy(CE)provides direct visualization of entire SB mucosa,which was not possible before.It is superior to push enteroscopy,enteroclysis and barium radiography for diagnosing clinically significant SB pathology resulting in IDA.Angioectasia is one of the commonest lesions seen on the CE in elderly with IDA.The diagnostic yield of CE for IDA progressively increases with advancing age,and is highest among patients over 85 years of age.Balloon assisted enteroscopy is used to treat the lesions seen on CE.CE has some limitations mainly lack of therapeutic capability,inability to provide precise location of the lesion and false positive results.Overall CE is a very safe and effective procedure for the evaluation of IDA in elderly. | Adnan Muhammad Gitanjali Vidyarthi Patrick Brady | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，26： | 11 |
| 4 | National, regional, and global trends in fasting plasma glucose and diabetes prevalence since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 370 country-years and 2·7 million participants显示文摘 | Goodarz Danaei Mariel M Finucane Yuan Lu Gitanjali M Singh Melanie J Cowan Christopher J Paciorek John K Lin Farshad Farzadfar Young-Ho Khang Gretchen A Stevens Mayuree Rao Mohammed K Ali Leanne M Riley Carolyn A Robinson Majid Ezzati | 2011 | The Lancet2011，，9785： | 6 |
| 5 | Safety of gastrointestinal endoscopy with conscious sedation in obstructive sleep apnea显示文摘AIM To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the safety of conscious sedation in patients with obstructive sleep apnea(OSA).METHODS A comprehensive electronic search of MEDLINE and EMBASE was performed from inception until March 1, 2015. In an effort to include unpublished data, abstracts from prior gastroenterological society meetings as well as other reference sources were interrogated. After study selection, two authors utilizing a standardized data extraction form collected the data independently. Any disagreements between authors were resolved by consensus among four authors. The methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa tool for observational studies. The primary variables of interest included incidence of hypoxia, hypotension, tachycardia, and bradycardia. Continuous data were summarized as odds ratio(OR) and 95%CI and pooled using generic inverse variance under the random-effects model. Heterogeneity between pooled studies was assessed using the I2 statistic.RESULTS Initial search of MEDLINE and EMBASE identified 357 citations. A search of meeting abstracts did not yield any relevant citations. After systematic review and exclusion consensus meetings, seven studies met the a priori determined inclusion criteria. The overall methodological quality of included studies ranged from moderate to low. No significant differences between OSA patients and controls were identified among any of the study variables: Incidence of hypoxia(7 studies, 3005 patients; OR = 1.11; 95%CI: 0.73-1.11; P = 0.47; I2 = 0%), incidence of hypotension(4 studies, 2125 patients; OR = 1.10; 95%CI: 0.75-1.60; P = 0.63; I2 = 0%), incidence of tachycardia(3 studies, 2030 patients; OR = 0.94; 95%CI: 0.53-1.65; P = 0.28; I2 = 21%), and incidence of bradycardia(3 studies, 2030 patients; OR = 0.88; 95%CI: 0.63-1.22; P = 0.59; I2 = 0%).CONCLUSION OSA is not a significant risk factor for cardiopulmonary complications in patients undergoing endoscopic procedures with conscious sedation. | Christian M Andrade Brijesh Patel Meghana Vellanki Ambuj Kumar Gitanjali Vidyarthi | 2017 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2017，9，11： | 4 |
| 6 | Potential role of noninvasive biomarkers during liver fibrosis显示文摘Various types of liver disease exist,such as hepatitis and alcoholic liver disease.These liver diseases can result in scarring of liver tissue,cirrhosis,and finally liver failure.During liver fibrosis,there is an excess and disorganized accumulation of extracellular matrix(ECM)components which cause the loss of normal liver cell functions.For patients with chronic liver disease,fibrosis prediction is an essential part of the assessment and management.To diagnose liver fibrosis,several invasive and noninvasive markers have been proposed.However,the adoption of invasive markers remains limited due to their inherent characteristics and poor patient acceptance rate.In contrast,noninvasive markers can expedite the clinical decision through informed judgment about disease stage and prognosis.These noninvasive markers are classified into two types:Imaging techniques and serum biomarkers.However,the diagnostic values of biomarkers associated with liver fibrosis have also been analyzed.For example,the serum levels of ECM proteins can react to either matrix accumulation or degradation.During virus-host interactions,several regulatory steps take place to control gene expression,such as the change in cellular microRNA expression profiles.MicroRNAs are a class of non-coding RNAs(18-20 long nucleotides)that function by post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression.Although various noninvasive markers have been suggested in recent years,certain limitations have restricted their clinical applications.Understanding the potential of non-invasive biomarkers as a therapeutic option to treat liver fibrosis is still in progress. | Navneet Kaur Gitanjali Goyal Ravinder Garg Chaitanya Tapasvi Sonia Chawla Rajneet Kaur | 2021 | World Journal of Hepatology2021，13，12： | 3 |
| 7 | State and Development:Changes in Livelihood Strategies in Garhwal with Special Reference to Ecotourism in the Gangotri Region显示文摘The object of the paper is to provide an insight into the changes in livelihood strategies of the people in the Garhwal Himalayas over time. From sustaining an economy based on transit trade and subsistence agriculture, there has been a shift towards tourism in recent times. This shift has been due to the tradition of pilgrimage to the higher reaches and also due to promotion by the state by developing infrastructure and providing incentives. The paper is divided into four parts. In the first part, the policies of the colonial state and the events leading to the destruction of forests and the impoverishment of the self-sustaining semi-pastoral economy in the Garhwal Himalayas are outlined. It is argued that the destruction of forests and subsequently, the economy of the Himalayas were directly responsible for the large-scale migration to the plains. This also led to further exploitation of forests by the people who were unfamiliar with any other form of livelihood. The paper also discusses the policies of the newly independent Indian state and sees them as an extension of the British policy of large-scale exploitation of Himalayan forests for the purpose of development and economic growth. In the third section, the growth of ecotourism as a direct outcome of the process of deforestation and as resulting fostered monopolies of groups external to the region thereby contributing neither to the income or the development in the area. In addition, there is an added threat to the environment–deforestation, and erosion–a direct outcome of increased and unplanned tourism. Such problems demand state intervention and management of tourism. The conclusion to the paper asserts that in order that the requirements of the society to progress and to sustain itself in its natural habitat are not compromised, it is essential to increase the process of democratization by strengthening local structures and by vesting the community with the autonomy to determine its future. The paper therefore argues that ecotourism in the Himalayas undertaken without local involvement is not desirable. The constant need for local monitoring of external agencies or even of the State’s participation and the need for re-evaluation of environmental standards are cumbersome details that add to the costs of promoting low-impact tourism. To be viable, ecotourism should be community based and the needs of the community, their ideas of conservation should be given prime importance and local community must be encouraged to review the standards governing conservation. Local structures should thus receive patronage and promotion, so that ecotourism becomes a dynamic facet of economic development. | Gitanjali Chaturvedi | 2004 | Journal of Mountain Science2004，1，3： | 2 |
| 8 | National, regional, and global trends in fasting plasma glucose and diabetes prevalence since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 370 country-years and 2·7 million participants显示文摘 | Goodarz Danaei Mariel M Finucane Yuan Lu Gitanjali M Singh Melanie J Cowan Christopher J Paciorek John K Lin Farshad Farzadfar Young-Ho Khang Gretchen A Stevens Mayuree Rao Mohammed K Ali Leanne M Riley Carolyn A Robinson Majid Ezzati | 2011 | The Lancet2011，，9785： | 2 |
| 9 | National, regional, and global trends in fasting plasma glucose and diabetes prevalence since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 370 country-years and 2·7 million participants显示文摘 | Goodarz Danaei Mariel M Finucane Yuan Lu Gitanjali M Singh Melanie J Cowan Christopher J Paciorek John K Lin Farshad Farzadfar Young-Ho Khang Gretchen A Stevens Mayuree Rao Mohammed K Ali Leanne M Riley Carolyn A Robinson Majid Ezzati | 2011 | 2011 (9785)2011，，9785： | 2 |
| 10 | Emerging methods and tools for environmental risk assessment, decision- making, and policy for nanomaterials: summary of NATO ad- vanced research workshop 显示文摘 | IGOR L JEFFERY S GITANJALI A-H | 2009 | J Nanopart Res2009，，11： | 1 |
| 11 | Effect of occupational noise on the nocturnal sleep architecture of healthy subjects显示文摘 | Gitanjali B Dhamodharan R | 2004 | Indian J Physiol Pharmacol2004，48，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Plasma homocysteine: an independent or an interactive risk factor for coronary artery disease显示文摘 | Mili Gupta Priyanka Sharma Gitanjali Garg Kiranjeet Kaur Gurdeep Kaur Bedi Anil Vij | 2004 | Clinica Chimica Acta2004，，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Plasma homecysteine:an independent or an interactive risk factor for coronary anery disease显示文摘 | MILL G PRIYANKA S GITANJALI G | 2005 | Clin Chimica Acta2005，352，12： | 1 |
| 14 | Effects of MgO and CuO on hot corrosion of Fe bass a superalloy superfer 800H in environment 显示文摘 | Gitanjaly S P Singh S | 2002 | British Corrosion J2002，37，1： | 1 |
| 15 | National list of essential medi- cines of India: The way forward显示文摘 | Manikandan S Gitanjali B | 2012 | Journal of Postgradu- ate Medicine2012，58，1： | 1 |
| 16 | The DPP-4 Inhibitor Linagliptin Restoresl3-Cell Function and Survival in Human Iso- lated Islets Through GLP-I Stabilization显示文摘 | Payal Shah Amin Ardestani Gitanjali Dharmadhikafi | 2013 | J Clin Endocrinol Metab2013，98，7： | 1 |
| 17 | Prevalence of and risk fac- tors for depressive symp toms among young adolescents 显示文摘 | Gitanjali S Ronaldo I Peter C | 2004 | Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med2004，158，： | 1 |
| 18 | Effect of temperature on the potency & pharmac- ological action of insulin显示文摘 | Vimalavathini R Gitanjali B | 2009 | Indina J Med Res2009，130，8： | 1 |
| 19 | Effect of acute exposure to loud occu-pational noise during daytime on the nocturnal sleep architecture,heart rate,and cortisol secretion in healthy volunteers显示文摘 | GITANJALI B ANANTH R | 2003 | Journalof Occupational Health2003，45，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Availability of five essential medicines for children in public health facilities in India:a snapshot survey显示文摘 | Gitanjali B Manikandan S | 2011 | J Pharmacol Pharmacother2011，2，2： | 1 |
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