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| 1 | An emission source inversion model based on satellite data and its application in air quality forecasts显示文摘This paper aims at constructing an emission source inversion model using a variational processing method and adaptive nudging scheme for the Community Multiscale Air Quality Model (CMAQ) based on satellite data to investigate the applicability of high resolution OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument) column concentration data for air quality forecasts over the North China. The results show a reasonable consistency and good correlation between the spatial distributions of NO2 from surface and OMI satellite measurements in both winter and summer. Such OMI products may be used to implement integrated variational analysis based on observation data on the ground. With linear and variational corrections made, the spatial distribution of OMI NO2 clearly revealed more localized distributing characteristics of NO2 concentration. With such information, emission sources in the southwest and southeast of North China are found to have greater impacts on air quality in Beijing. When the retrieved emission source inventory based on high-resolution OMI NO2 data was used, the coupled Weather Research Forecasting CMAQ model (WRF-CMAQ) performed significantly better in forecasting NO2 concentration level and its tendency as reflected by the more consistencies between the NO2 concentrations from surface observation and model result. In conclusion, satellite data are particularly important for simulating NO2 concentrations on urban and street-block scale. High-resolution OMI NO2 data are applicable for inversing NOx emission source inventory, assessing the regional pollution status and pollution control strategy, and improving the model forecasting results on urban scale. | CHENG XingHong XU XiangDe DING GuoAn | 2010 | Science China Earth Sciences2010，53，5： | 17 |
| 2 | An Object-based Approach for Two-level Gully Feature Mapping Using High-resolution DEM and Imagery: A Case Study on Hilly Loess Plateau Region, China显示文摘Gully feature mapping is an indispensable prerequisite for the motioning and control of gully erosion which is a widespread natural hazard. The increasing availability of high-resolution Digital Elevation Model(DEM) and remote sensing imagery, combined with developed object-based methods enables automatic gully feature mapping. But still few studies have specifically focused on gully feature mapping on different scales. In this study, an object-based approach to two-level gully feature mapping, including gully-affected areas and bank gullies, was developed and tested on 1-m DEM and Worldview-3 imagery of a catchment in the Chinese Loess Plateau. The methodology includes a sequence of data preparation, image segmentation, metric calculation, and random forest based classification. The results of the two-level mapping were based on a random forest model after investigating the effects of feature selection and class-imbalance problem. Results show that the segmentation strategy adopted in this paper which considers the topographic information and optimal parameter combination can improve the segmentation results. The distribution of the gully-affected area is closely related to topographic information, however, the spectral features are more dominant for bank gully mapping. The highest overall accuracy of the gully-affected area mapping was 93.06% with four topographic features. The highest overall accuracy of bank gully mapping is 78.5% when all features are adopted. The proposed approach is a creditable option for hierarchical mapping of gully feature information, which is suitable for the application in hily Loess Plateau region. | LIU Kai DING Hu TANG Guoan ZHU A-Xing YANG Xin JIANG Sheng CAO Jianjun | 2017 | Chinese Geographical Science2017，27，3： | 11 |
| 3 | Aerosol influence domain of Beijing and peripheral city agglomeration and its climatic effect显示文摘The aerosol distribution in Beijing and peripheral cities agglomeration (BPCA) and its re- gional climatic effect are investigated on the basis of the statistical analyses of satellite Total Ozone Map- ping Spectrometer (TOMS) retrieval aerosol optical depth (AOD) and the meteorological data of sunshine duration, fog days, and low cloud cover, observed at Beijing and its peripheral meteorological stations. The analysis on multi-samples variational correction of the satellite remote sensing Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) AOD under the clear sky and stable weather condition in conjunction with surface observations reveal that there was a “triangle-like” distribution pattern of the high values of aerosols in the southern “valley” of the “U-shape” megarelief of Beijing and its peripheral areas. The distribution pattern suggests that the large-scale transfer and diffusion of city agglomeration pollutants might form a relatively persistent characteristic spatial distribution of city agglomeration pollutants much larger than city-scale. Under the background of the particular megarelief effect of Beijing and periph- eral areas, the high value area of TOMS AOD, as well as regional correlation distribution between clear sky sunshine duration and TOMS AOD are also similar to the composite image of MODIS AOD variational fields, that is to say, the effect of atmospheric aerosols was very distinctive in Beijing and peripheral areas. The high value area of the negative correlation between clear sky sunshine duration and TOMS AOD ap-proximately accorded with the significant negative value area of the sunshine duration deviations of the 1980s to the 1990s, and the daily variations of the AOD also showed an anti-phase relation with those of clear sky sunshine duration. The above high cor- relation area of the urban aerosol impact of Beijing- Tianjin region leant towards south peripheral area, with its “center of gravity” in the south of Beijing- Tianjin agglomeration, and the main body of the high correlation area prolongating southwards, forming an aerosol influence domain of “eccentric ellipse” shape, that is to say, there was an aerosol influence domain of some “radius” in Beijing City and its peripheral areas, within and outside which sunshine duration, low cloud cover, and fog days showed a remarkable difference in interannual variation trend. At the downstream of the city agglomeration there was a significant interdecadal increment area of fog or low cloud cover, which might be associated with the local climatic feature of the regional flow convergent field in the diffusion process of city agglomeration pollut- ants in the aerosol influence domain, and such a local dynamical convergence feature might lead to the regional exacerbation of aerosol impact downstream of the city agglomeration. The research result reveals that the significant area of interdecadal change rate of low cloud cover within the aerosol influence do- main is correlated with the regional strengthening effect of aerosol impact of the local wind structure in the “downstream plume area” of the city. | XU Xiangde SHI Xiaohui ZHANG Shengjun DING Guoan MIAO Qiuju ZHOU Li | 2006 | Chinese Science Bulletin2006，51，16： | 8 |
| 4 | Study on variational aerosol fields over Beijing and its adjoining areas derived from Terra-MODIS and ground sunphotometer observation显示文摘This paper presents a comprehensive observa-tion technique on derived aerosols data from mobile sun-photometer graph and Terra-Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) observation. Research results suggest that after being treated by the variational technique with respect to sunphotometer observations, the Terra- MODIS remote sensing aerosol data are remarkably im-proved, thus for the first time revealing features of the influ-ence of aerosols and pollution emissions of Beijing and its adjoining areas (Hebei, Shandong, etc. provinces). The re-gional impact features of aerosols are related with the pe-ripheral U-shape topography of Beijing. Analyses with Hy-brid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model (HYSPLIT-4) and meteorological data in the case studied confirm the pollutants diffusion process along the trajectory from the sources in the south-west region, and the regional aerosol impact features. | XU Xiangde ZHOU Xiuji WENG Yonghui TIAN Guoliang LIU Yujie YAN Peng DING Guoan ZHANG Yuxiang MAO Jietai QIU Hong | 2003 | Chinese Science Bulletin2003，48，18： | 7 |
| 5 | Analysis to significant climate change in aerosol influence domain of Beijing and its peripheral areas by EOF mode显示文摘Using the total ozone mapping spectrometer (TOMS) aerosol optical depth (AOD)data and the sunshine duration, fog days, Iow cloud cover (LCC), etc. meteorological data in 1979-2000 in North China, as well as empirical orthogonal function (EOF) mode statistical analyses method, the winter aerosol distributive character of Beijing and peripheral city agglomeration and its influence effect on regional climate are investigated in this paper, especially the relation between aerosol influence effect and distinct change regions of eigenvectors of EOF mode. It is found from analyzing the regional distribution of the long-term averaged winter TOMS AOD that there is a large-scale relatively stable high value zone of aerosol concentration in the valley of the Beijing and peripheral U-shape megarelief. A high correlation area of AOD between Beijing and its southern peripheral exists in winter, and in this significant region of aerosol interaction, there is 'in-phase' character of the interannual variations of winter AOD, fog days, and LCCs. It indicates that the variations of aerosol in Beijing and its peripheral areas have impacts on interannual changes of fog days and LCCs in this area. The EOF analyses of the meteorological data further reveal the climate change regions and long-term trends of winter sunshine duration-reducing, and LCC- and fog days-increasing in North China. The areas of significant changes of the first EOF eigenvectors (FEE) of sunshine duration, fog days, LCCs almost superpose on corresponding marked regions of interdecadal differences between the 1990s and 1980s, and all accord with the S-N zonal high value pattern and high correlation region of winter AOD in Beijing and its peripheral areas. Interannual variations of their associated time coefficients (ATC) are in phase with that of regional mean AOD, and both of them have a secular rising trend. Results by EOF mode analyses depict the regional climatic change principal character of winter sunshine duration-reducing, and LCC- and fog days-increasing in peripheral areas to the south of Beijing, and reveal the regional influence effect of aerosol, i.e. the high value zone of long-term averaged winter AOD, significant change regions of FEE of sunshine duration, fog days, and LCC all lie in peripheral city agglomeration to the south of Beijing. These distributive features above suggest that there exists a regional strengthening trend of aerosol climatic effect within influence domain in peripheral city agglomeration to the south of Beijing. | SHI Xiaohui, XU Xiangde, ZHANG Shengjun & DING Guoan State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China | 2005 | Science China Earth Sciences2005，48，z2： | 5 |
| 6 | Complex sources of air-soil-water pollution processes in the Miyun reservoir region显示文摘The comprehensive impact of atmospheric dry deposition and wet deposition and the pollution sources of farmlands, mining areas, and towns along the Baihe River on the water quality of Miyun reservoir is investigated from the angle of the complex sources of air-soil-water pollution processes, in the context of the 1990-2001 precipitation chemical data at Shangdianzi station--a WMO regional background air pollution monitoring station 15 km far from the Miyun reservoir, in conjunction with the atmospheric dry deposition and wet deposition data of the 2002-2003 Beijing City Air Pollution Observation Field Experiment (BECAPEX). Analysis results suggest that the major ions in precipitation in the Miyun reservoir region in this period were SO, NO, NH and Ca2+; wet acid deposition quantity of Miyun reservoir in the summer half year (April to September) was greater than the quantity in the winter half year (October to March), and the annual wet acid deposition in the reservoir exhibited a rising trend with the mean 1038.45 t, the maximum 1766.31 t occurred in 1996, and the minimum 604.02 t in 1994; the long-term averaged pH of atmospheric precipitation in the Miyun reservoir region was 5.20, i.e. weakly acidic, and the interannual variation of pH values displayed a falling trend. pH values of water body at various depths in the Miyun reservoir were all greater than 7.0, but they exhibited vertical and horizontal nonhomogeneity, and at the same region pH decreased vertically with depth; the 2002 and 2003 annual dustfalls in the Miyun reservoir were 13513.08 t and 3577.64 t, respectively, and the spring dustfall was the number one in a year, accounting for the 61.91% and 44.56% of the annual totals of 2002 and 2003, respectively. Because the atmospheric dry deposition and wet depositions contain multiple types heavy metal elements and harmful elements, they to some extent exacerbated the eutrophication, acidification and potential heavy metal pollution of the reservoir water. The above comprehensive analysis results reveal the complex source characters of the air-soil-water pollution process and the multi-sphere interaction effect. Besides, summer (rainy season) is a season when local soil pollutants enter the water system of reservoir after being washed out by torrential rain or heavy precipitation, which starts the air-soil- water chaining pollution processes, and results in the water pollution of rivers and reservoirs. It is found from the statistical analysis in this paper that the water pollution of Miyun reservoir was correlated with the rain wash-out and confluent flow in the peripheral and upstream local region of the reservoir, and the pollutant concentration of the reservoir water was significantly correlated with the upstream local region precipitation. Those correlation characters reveal the effect of the air-soil-water multi-spheric interaction of reservoir water pollution process. This paper presents the point of view of the complex source analysis of reservoir water pollution and a technical approach for tracing the spatial distribution of the upstream pollution source of the water systems of reservoir. | YANG Dongzhen, XU Xiangde, LIU Xiaoduan, XU Qing, DING Guoan, CHENG Xinghong, CHEN Huailiang, ZHOU Huaigang, WANG Zhenfa, WANG Wenyan Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Center for Atmosphere Watch and Services, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, CMA, Beijing 100081, China Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disasters, CAMS, Beijing 100081, China National Center for Geological Testing, Beijing 100037, China Meteorological Bureau of Henan Province, Zhenzhou 450000, China Shangdianzi Background Atmospheric Pollution Observation Station, Miyun County, Beijing 101507, China | 2005 | Science China Earth Sciences2005，48，z2： | 4 |
| 7 | Microfluidic fabrication of water-in-water droplets encapsulated in hydrogel microfibers显示文摘Aqueous microdroplets are of significant interest in biological fields, while the employment of water-inoil (w/o) emulsion and lack of spatial control precluded its widespread application. Herein a novel microfluidic approach is developed to generate water-in-water (w/w) microdroplets embedded in hydrogel microfibers. Aqueous two phase system (ATPS) is applied to generate w/w droplets, and alginate is introduced to continuous phase to form microfibers, which offers spatial restriction and manipulation possibility to droplets. The size and pattern of aqueous droplets can be precisely controlled, and immobilization within hydrogel fiber facilitates easy manipulation and observation. The microdroplets surrounded by hydrophilic environment can act as a cell-cell interaction model, and their potential for biological and environmental applications are demonstrated by long-term culture of encapsulated cells and water remediation of Bacillus subtilis. | Chenguang Liu Wenchen Zheng Ruoxiao Xie Yupeng Liu Zhe Liang Guoan Luo Mingyu Ding Qionglin Liang | 2019 | Chinese Chemical Letters2019，30，2： | 2 |
| 8 | Surface ozone characteristics at three stations in China显示文摘 | Ding Guoan Xu Xiaobin Tang Jie | 2001 | Acta Meteorogica Sinica2001，15，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Structure–activity relationships of eight ent -kaurene diterpenoids from three Isodon plants显示文摘 | Lan Ding Qian Hou Qiyin Zhou Qiong Zhang Tiande Hou Guoan Liu | 2010 | Research on Chemical Intermediates2010，，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Preliminary analysis of the variations of surface ozone and nitric oxides in Lin' an显示文摘 | ZHOU Xiuji LUO Chao DING Guoan | 1993 | ACTA Meteorological Sinica1993，7，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Overexpressed NEDD8 as a potential therapeutic target in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma显示文摘Objective:The hyperactivated neddylation pathway plays an important role in tumorigenesis and is emerging as a promising anticancer target.We aimed to study whether NEDD8(neural precursor cell expressed,developmentally down-regulated 8)might serve as a therapeutic target in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).Methods:The clinical relevance of NEDD8 expression was evaluated by using The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database and tissue arrays.NEDD8-knockdown ESCC cells generated with the CRISPR/Cas9 system were used to explore the anticancer effects and mechanisms.Quantitative proteomic analysis was used to examine the variations in NEDD8 knockdown-induced biological pathways.The cell cycle and apoptosis were assessed with fluorescence activated cell sorting.A subcutaneous-transplantation mouse tumor model was established to investigate the anticancer potential of NEDD8 silencing in vivo.Results:NEDD8 was upregulated at both the mRNA and protein expression levels in ESCC,and NEDD8 overexpression was associated with poorer overall patient survival(mRNA level:P=0.028,protein level:P=0.026,log-rank test).Downregulation of NEDD8 significantly suppressed tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo.Quantitative proteomic analysis revealed that downregulation of NEDD8 induced cell cycle arrest,DNA damage,and apoptosis in ESCC cells.Mechanistic studies demonstrated that NEDD8 knockdown led to the accumulation of cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligases(CRLs)substrates through inactivation of CRLs,thus suppressing the malignant phenotype by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in ESCC.Rescue experiments demonstrated that the induction of apoptosis after NEDD8 silencing was attenuated by DR5 knockdown.Conclusions:Our study elucidated the anti-ESCC effects and underlying mechanisms of NEDD8 knockdown,and validated NEDD8 as a potential target for ESCC therapy. | Jingrong Xian Shiwen Wang Yanyu Jiang Lihui Li Lili Cai Ping Chen Yue Liu Xiaofei Zeng Guoan Chen Chen Ding Robert MHoffman Lijun Jia Hu Zhao Yanmei Zhang | 2022 | Cancer Biology & Medicine2022，19，4： | 0 |
| 12 | Challenges and Opportunities in Urban Meteorology Research and Forecast显示文摘An international workshop on urban meteorolo gy: observation and modeling, was jointly held by the Institute of Urban Meteorology ( China ) and the National Center for Atmospheric Research (US) in Beijing, October, 2004. The workshop was intend ed to share recent progress in urban meteorologica research, discuss issues related to research and development priorities faced by diverse Chinese in stitutions, and explore collaboration opportunities between Chinese and US research institutions. This article summarizes the major issues discussed at the workshop, including observation on urban boundary layer, urban landuse modeling, socio-economic impacts of weather and climates, and air quality in urban environment. It includes recommendations fo future urban meteorology observational and model- ing research, and potential collaborative opportuni- ties between China and US. | Wang Yingchun Li Ju Chen Fei Lenschow Donald Sun Jielun Niyogi Dev Lau Kaihon Jiang Weimei Ding Guoan Wu Dui | 2005 | Science Foundation in China2005，13，1： | 0 |
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