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| 1 | Mechanical strength of wheat grain varieties influenced by moisture content and loading rate显示文摘Mechanical shear resistance of wheat grain is a significant concern for the designers and researchers related to the design of threshing,handling and processing machinery of the field crops.The grain mechanical properties directly affect the machine geometry and its operational parameters.The present study was carried out to determine the shear resistance of five wheat varieties(Locally names;TD-02,Sindhu-1105,Benazir,China and SKD-118)influenced by moisture content(16.7%,18.7%and 19.5%)and loading rate(3 mm/s,6 mm/s and 9 mm/s).However,some physio-dimensional properties(length,width,thickness,slenderness ratio,surface area and sphericity)were obtained at different moisture contents.The results showed that the shear resistance reduced by increasing the moisture content and loading rate.The average shear resistance decreased from 10.45 N to 3.74 N for 3-9 mm/s loading rate at moisture content of 16.7%to 19.5%.Thus,the maximum correlation(r=0.905)of shear resistance obtained at 16.7%,whereas minimum correlation(r=0.692)obtained at 19.5%.The shear resistance of wheat grain was highly significant(p<0.05)at 9 mm/s for 19.5%.Shear resistance decreased with an increase in the moisture content in the grain whereas deformation is increasing with the increase of moisture content.However,the maximum bulk density of wheat grain obtained at 19.5%for SKD-118,while the minimum obtained at 16.7%for TD-02.It is recommended that the design and modification of wheat grain processing equipment should be executed on the physio-mechanical properties of grain varieties. | Yaoming Li Farman Ali Chandio Zheng Ma Imran Ali Lakhiar Abdul Razaque Sahito Fiaz Ahmad Irshad Ali Mari Umer Farooq Muhammad Suleman | 2018 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2018，11，4： | 4 |
| 2 | Glutathione-S-transferases activity in an earthworm (Pheretima posthuma) exposed to three insecticides 显示文摘 | Hans RK Khan MA Farooq M | 1993 | Soil Biology and Biochemistry1993，25，4： | 1 |
| 3 | Intracapsular fractures of the femoral neck in younger patients显示文摘 | Farooq MA Orkazai SH Okusanya O | 2005 | Irish J Med Sci2005，174，4： | 1 |
| 4 | Indications for endoscopic ultrasound and diagnosis on fine-needle aspiration and cytology显示文摘 | HUSSAIN T SALAMAT A FAROOQ MA | 2009 | J Coll Physicians Surg Pak2009，19，4： | 1 |
| 5 | Relationship between disease activity indices and colonoscopic findings in ulcerative colitis显示文摘 | Saddiq M Hussain S Farooq MA | | 0，，2： | 1 |
| 6 | Glutathione S-transferase activity in an earthworm(Pheretima posthuma)exposed to three insecticides显示文摘 | Hans RK Khan MA Farooq M | 1993 | Soil Biol Biochem1993，25，4： | 1 |
| 7 | Unstable metacarpal and phalangeal fractures: treatment by internal fixation using AO mini-fragment plates and screws显示文摘 | Mumtaz MU Farooq MA Rasool AA | 2010 | Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg2010，16，4： | 1 |
| 8 | Intracapsular fractures of the femoral neck in younger patients显示文摘 | Farooq MA Orkazai SH Okusanya O | 2005 | Ir J Med Sci2005，174，4： | 1 |
| 9 | Inheritance pattern of yield attributes in spring wheat at grain filling stage under different temperature regimes显示文摘 | FAROOQ J KHALIQ I ALI MA | 2011 | Australian Journal of Crop Science2011，5，： | 1 |
| 10 | ntracapsular fractures of the femoral neck in younger patients显示文摘 | Farooq MA Orkazai SH Okusanya O at el | 2005 | Ir J Med Sci2005，174，4： | 1 |
| 11 | Unstable metacarpal and phalangeal fractures: treatment by internal fixation using AO mini-fragment plates and screws 显示文摘 | Mumtaz MU Farooq MA Rasool AA | 2010 | UIus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg2010，16，4： | 1 |
| 12 | Intracapsular fractures of the femoral neck in younger patients 显示文摘 | Farooq MA Orkazai SH Okusanya O | 2005 | Ir J Med Sci2005，174，4： | 1 |
| 13 | Isolation of atypical entero- pathogenic Escherichia coli and Shiga toxin 1 and 2f-producing Escherichia coli from avian species in India显示文摘 | Farooq S Hussain I Mir MA | 2009 | Lett Appl Micro- biol2009，48，： | 1 |
| 14 | Biosorption of heavy metal ions using wheat based biosorbents-a review of the recent literature显示文摘 | Farooq U Kozinski JA Khan MA | 2010 | Bioresource technology2010，101，14： | 1 |
| 15 | Seed germination and seedling emergence of four tree species of southern China in response to acid rain显示文摘Acid rain has become a major concern due to increasing atmospheric pollution,particularly in China.We investigated whether acid rain inhibits the germination of seeds and subsequent emergence of seedling of four tree species from southern China:Cunninghamia lanceolata,Fokienia hodginisi,Pinus massoniana and Phoebe zhennan by simulating acid rain with pH of 2.5,3.5,4.5 and 5.5.We hypothesized that the inhibitory effect of acid rain on germination of seeds and emergence of seedling varies between species and the degree of acidity.A solution of 1 N H2SO4 and 1 N HNO 3 in the ratio of 10–1 was prepared and diluted to four pH levels,and seeds were supplied with solutions of these pH values and distilled water as control and tested for germination in a controlled growth chamber.The results revealed that simulated acid rain of pH 2.5 adversely affected the germination capacity of F.hodginisi and P.zhennan;while all acid solutions significantly increased germination of P.Massoniana;but had no effect on germination of C.Lanceolata seeds.Strong acid solution(pH of 2.5)adversely affected elongation of radicle and hypocotyl as well as fresh and dry weights of radicle and hypocotyl of tender seedlings.The result demonstrated that seedling emergence is more sensitive than seed germination to simulated acid rain,and germination of conifer species are less sensitive than broad leaved species to simulated acid rain.As a whole,acid rain of pH of 3.5 is the threshold level and acid rain below this value will have a detrimental effect on seed germination and seedling emergence. | Matoor Mohsin Gilani Mulualem Tigabu Bo Liu Taimoor Hassan Farooq Muhammad Haroon URashid Muhammad Ramzan Xiangqing Ma | 2021 | Journal of Forestry Research2021，32，2： | 0 |
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