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| 1 | Effects of Malnutrition on Economic Productivity in China As Estimated by PROFILES显示文摘To calculate the effects of malnutrition on economic productivity in China.Methods PROFILES was used to quantify the function consequences of malnutrition in term of protein energy malnutrition, iron deficiency and iodine deficiency. Results Productivity gained due to improved iodine nutrition. The reduction in the TGR in 1992 to 2001 increased the net present value of further economic productivity by $142 billion. Reduction of the TGR rate to 5% over next 10years would result in future productivity gains with value of $40 billion. Productivity gain due to reductions in child stunting would result in future economic productivity gains with the value of$101billion. Reducing stunting further over the next 10 years would gain $20 billion. Productivity gain due to reduction of iron deficiency anemia reduced by 30% over the next 10 years would gain worth $107billion and if childhood anemia reduced by 30% over next 10 years would gain $348 billion.Conclusion These interventions have huge economic payoff. That is likely to exceed their costs many times over. | JAYROSS CHUN-MINGCHEN WuHE GANGFU YU-YINGWANG ZHEN-YINGFU MING-XIACHEN | 2003 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2003，16，3： | 21 |
| 2 | Effects of Malnutrition on Child Survival in China As Estimated by PROFILES显示文摘To estimate the benefits of reductions in underweight and Vitamin A deficiency for child survival in China that might be expected as a result of lowering the prevalence of these conditions. Methods Profiles, a process of nutrition policy analysis was used to quantify the functional consequences of malnutrition in terms of child survival. Results Underweight The actual reduction in underweight between 1992 and 2001 (from 15.7% to the current 10.1 %) resulted in saving of 176 000 child lives. As estimated, without improvements, 612 000 children will die due to underweight between 2001 and 2010, 281 000 (46%) of them living in western provinces. Reducing underweight prevalence from 10.1% to 8% could overall save 62 000 lives. The reduction of underweight prevalence in the west alone might save 56 000 lives. Vitamin A in China as a whole, vitamin A deficiency accounts, as estimated, for 7.5% of deaths of children 6-59 months old, representing 206 000 deaths over the past ten years. Halving the prevalence over the period would save 49 000 child lives. The higher prevalence and higher mortality rates in western provinces mean that even with only 28% of the Chinese population, over half of child deaths there are related to vitamin A. | JAYROSS CHUN-MINGCHEN WUHE GANGFU YU-YINGWANG ZHEN-YINGFU MING-XIACHEN | 2003 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2003，16，2： | 6 |
| 3 | Spatial and temporal distribution of Mo in the overlying water of a reservoir downstream from mining area显示文摘This study aimed to evaluate the spatial and temporal variations of molybdenum(Mo)in the downstream water body of a Mo mine during three hydrologic periods(wet,dry and medium seasons).The physical properties in Luhun Reservoir reflected seasonal variations in different hydrological periods.The redox potential(ORP)and dissolved oxygen(DO)increased in the dry season.The concomitant decrease in temperature(T),conductivity(COND)and total dissolved solids(TDS)were lowest in the wet season.The p H value did not change significantly during the three hydrologic periods.The distribution of Mo in the dry season was high in upstream and low in downstream areas,which was significantly different from that of the wet and medium seasons.The total Mo concentration in wet(150.1μg/L)and medium season(148.2μg/L)was higher than that in the dry season,but the TDS(288.3 mg/L)and the percentage dissolved Mo(81.3%)in overlying water was lowest in the wet season.There was no significant relationship between the dissolved Mo and the total Mo with TDS.In the dry season,the mean total Mo concentration was 116.3μg/L,which was higher than the standard limit value(70μg/L)for drinking water(US EPA-United States Environmental Protection Agency recommended value 40μg/L).Non-point source pollution is the main characteristic of mining area pollution,which was closely related to rainfall.Thus,the Luhun Reservoir contains substantial Mo pollution,which was a significant concern given that it is used as a source of drinking and irrigation water. | Zhixin Song Gangfu Song Wenzhong Tang Yu Zhao Dandan Yan Weilong Zhang | 2021 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2021，33，4： | 1 |
| 4 | Hot-wire experimental investigation on turbulent Prandtl number in a rotating non-isothermal turbulent boundary layer显示文摘This experiment used a parallel array of hot wire probes to simultaneously measure the temperature and velocity fields in the non-isothermal turbulent boundary layer of a rotating straight channel. The Reynolds numbers are 15,000 and 25,000, respectively. The rotation numbers are 0, 0.07, 0.14, 0.21 and 0.28, respectively. The purpose of this study is to calculate the turbulent Prandtl number in a rotating non-isothermal turbulent boundary layer. Due to the difficulty in measuring local turbulent Prandtl numbers, this study focuses on the average turbulent Prandtl numbers in the logarithmic region instead. Under static conditions, this value is taken as 0.9 normally. This research finds that rotation conditions can affect the turbulent Prandtl number by affecting the properties of velocity and temperature boundary layers. The change range of the turbulent Prandtl number is roughly 0.6–1.1. The influence of the leading side is greater than that of the trailing side, especially at high rotation numbers. This can provide validation and guidance for numerical simulation. Other information within the turbulent boundary layer is also discussed. It is hoped that this study would enhance our understanding of the mechanism of turbulent flow in the turbulent layer at rotating conditions. | Ran Gao Haiwang Li Ruquan You Gangfu Li Shuangzhi Xia | 2020 | Propulsion and Power Research2020，9，4： | 1 |
| 5 | Determining cadmium bioavailability in sediment profiles using diffusive gradients in thin films显示文摘Cadmium(Cd)uptake by plants or benthic organisms largely depends on its bioavailability in sediments,so it is necessary to understand Cd bio availability for determining its ecological risks in riverine sediments.Pore water is easily disturbed during sample collection,indicating that there was a shortage of traditional methods for investigating Cd bio availability.Here,sediment cores were collected from rivers,after which sequential extraction and diffusive gradients in thin films(DGT)method were employed to determine Cd potential bio availability in the sediments and pore water.We found that Cd concentrations measured by DGT were lower than that in pore water profiles,and Cd distribution in various fractions changed remarkably.Pearson correlation analysis showed significant positive correlations between Cd concentrations measured by DGT and total Cd concentrations(r^2=0.76),exchangeable and weak acid soluble fraction(r^2=0.68),ferromanganese fraction(r^2=0.72)and bound organic matter or oxidizable fraction(r^2=0.54).However,the correlation was relatively low between Cd concentrations measured by DGT and that in pore water profiles(r^2=0.26).These results demonstrated that DGT method could provide more accurate information of Cd bio availability in sediment profiles than traditional methods. | Zhixin Song Gangfu Song Wenzhong Tang Dandan Yan Minghai Han Baoqing Shan | 2020 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2020，32，5： | 1 |
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