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| 1 | 美国人眼中21世纪的中国医学教育显示文摘 | Gerald S Lazarus Audrey F Jakubowski | 2001 | 中华医学杂志2001，81，15： | 16 |
| 2 | Diabetic cardiomyopathy: Pathophysiology, theories and evidence to date显示文摘The prevalence of type 2 diabetes(T2D)has increased worldwide and doubled over the last two decades.It features among the top 10 causes of mortality and morbidity in the world.Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of complications in diabetes and within this,heart failure has been shown to be the leading cause of emergency admissions in the United Kingdom.There are many hypotheses and well-evidenced mechanisms by which diabetic cardiomyopathy as an entity develops.This review aims to give an overview of these mechanisms,with particular emphasis on metabolic inflexibility.T2D is associated with inefficient substrate utilisation,an inability to increase glucose metabolism and dependence on fatty acid oxidation within the diabetic heart resulting in mitochondrial uncoupling,glucotoxicity,lipotoxicity and initially subclinical cardiac dysfunction and finally in overt heart failure.The review also gives a concise update on developments within clinical imaging,specifically cardiac magnetic resonance studies to characterise and phenotype early cardiac dysfunction in T2D.A better understanding of the pathophysiology involved provides a platform for targeted therapy in diabetes to prevent the development of early heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. | Lavanya Athithan Gaurav S Gulsin Gerald P McCann Eylem Levelt | 2019 | World Journal of Diabetes2019，10，10： | 15 |
| 3 | 美国人眼中21世纪中国城市医疗机构面临的挑战显示文摘本文两位作者原为美国旧金山大学医学院教授 ,曾长期从事医院管理工作。目前在北京协和医院任客座教授。通过对北京协和医院 6个多月的实际考察和工作 ,结合他们参与 90年代初期美国医疗卫生体制改革的经验体会 ,对当前我国城市医疗机构改革中面临的一些问题提出了他们的意见和建议。 | Gerald S Lazarus Audrey FJakubowski | 2000 | 中华医学杂志2000，80，7： | 5 |
| 4 | 高血压病并胰岛素抵抗患者单核细胞粘附功能的变化显示文摘观察高血压、胰岛素抵抗对单核细胞—血管内皮粘附功能的影响 ,采用改良的胰岛素抑制试验和单核细胞—血管内皮细胞粘附试验检测 33例高血压病患者和 32例正常对照者的胰岛素敏感性和单核细胞—血管内皮粘附功能。结果发现 ,高血压病患者单核细胞对内皮的粘附性显著高于正常对照者 (P <0 .0 1) ,且高血压患者稳态血糖浓度与单核细胞粘附数显著正相关 (r=0 .6 1,P <0 .0 0 1) ,正常对照者稳态血糖浓度与单核细胞粘附数也显著正相关 (r=0 .71,P <0 .0 0 1) ,而平均动脉压只有在两组合并分析时与单核细胞粘附数存在显著正相关关系 (r=0 .4 3,P <0 .0 0 1)。经多元回归分析发现 ,稳态血糖浓度及胰岛素浓度与单核细胞粘附数有独立的相关关系。结果提示 ,高血压、胰岛素抵抗使单核细胞对血管内皮的粘附性增强 ,这可能是高血压、胰岛素抵抗等代谢异常易发生动脉粥样硬化的机制之一。 | 李伟 吴智勇 Gerald M Reaven Philip S Tsao | 2002 | 中国动脉硬化杂志2002，10，2： | 4 |
| 5 | Th1 cytokines promote T-cell binding to antigen-presenting cells via enhanced hyaluronan production and accumulation at the immune synapse显示文摘Hyaluronan(HA)production by dendritic cells(DCs)is known to promote antigen presentation and to augment T-cell activation and proliferation.We hypothesized that pericellular HA can function as intercellular‘glue’directly mediating T cell–DC binding.Using primary human cells,we observed HA-dependent binding between T cells and DCs,which was abrogated upon pre-treatment of the DCs with 4-methylumbelliferone(4-MU),an agent which blocks HA synthesis.Furthermore,T cells regulate HA production by DCs via T cell-derived cytokines in a T helper(Th)subset-specific manner,as demonstrated by the observation that cell-culture supernatants from Th1 but not Th2 clones promote HA production.Similar effects were seen upon the addition of exogenous Th1 cytokines,IL-2,interferon c(IFN-c)and tumor necrosis factor a(TNF-a).The critical factors which determined the extent of DC–T cell binding in this system were the nature of the pre-treatment the DCs received and their capacity to synthesize HA,as T-cell clones which were pre-treated with monensin,added to block cytokine secretion,bound equivalently irrespective of their Th subset.These data support the existence of a feedforward loop wherein T-cell cytokines influence DC production of HA,which in turn affects the extent of DC–T cell binding.We also document the presence of focal deposits of HA at the immune synapse between T-cells and APC and on dendritic processes thought to be important in antigen presentation.These data point to a pivotal role for HA in DC–T cell interactions at the IS. | Paul L Bollyky Stephen P Evanko Rebecca P Wu Susan Potter-Perigo S Alice Long Brian Kinsella Helena Reijonen Kelly Guebtner Brandon Teng Christina K Chan Kathy R Braun John A Gebe Gerald T Nepom Thomas N Wight | 2010 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2010，7，3： | 3 |
| 6 | Age at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk factor profile:A pooled analysis显示文摘BACKGROUND The diagnosis of type 2 diabetes(T2D)in younger adults,an increasingly common public health issue,is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular complications and mortality,which may be due to a more adverse cardiovascular risk profile in individuals diagnosed at a younger age.AIM To investigate the association between age at diagnosis and the cardiovascular risk profile in adults with T2D.METHODS A pooled dataset was used,comprised of data from five previous studies of adults with T2D,including 1409 participants of whom 196 were diagnosed with T2D under the age of 40 years.Anthropometric and blood biomarker measurements included body weight,body mass index(BMI),waist circumference,body fat percentage,glycaemic control(HbA1c),lipid profile and blood pressure.Univariable and multivariable linear regression models,adjusted for diabetes duration,sex,ethnicity and smoking status,were used to investigate the association between age at diagnosis and each cardiovascular risk factor.RESULTS A higher proportion of participants diagnosed with T2D under the age of 40 were female,current smokers and treated with glucose-lowering medications,compared to participants diagnosed later in life.Participants diagnosed with T2D under the age of 40 also had higher body weight,BMI,waist circumference and body fat percentage,in addition to a more adverse lipid profile,compared to participants diagnosed at an older age.Modelling results showed that each one year reduction in age at diagnosis was significantly associated with 0.67 kg higher body weight[95%confidence interval(CI):0.52-0.82 kg],0.18 kg/m^(2) higher BMI(95%CI:0.10-0.25)and 0.32 cm higher waist circumference(95%CI:0.14-0.49),after adjustment for duration of diabetes and other confounders.Younger age at diagnosis was also significantly associated with higher HbA1c,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides.CONCLUSION The diagnosis of T2D earlier in life is associated with a worse cardiovascular risk factor profile,compared to those diagnosed later in life. | Mary M Barker Francesco Zaccardi Emer M Brady Gaurav S Gulsin Andrew P Hall Joseph Henson Zin ZinHtike Kamlesh Khunti Gerald P McCann Emma L Redman David R Webb Emma G Wilmot Tom Yates Jian Yeo Melanie J Davies Jack A Sargeant | 2022 | World Journal of Diabetes2022，13，3： | 2 |
| 7 | 对中国医院院长在当前卫生改革中所关注问题的分析显示文摘目的 研究中国医院院长在当前卫生改革中所关注的问题。方法 在 2 0 0 1年 8月 ,通过问卷的形式对 75名中国医院院长进行了调查 ,并对调查结果进行了分类和排序。结果 主要的问题依次是人事制度、职业培训、医院管理、奖金计算和工资以及提高医院的收入。结论 中国医院院长们愿意接受卫生改革的挑战 ,他们没有向国家索取经济补贴来维持现状 ,而是要求给予改革卫生体制所必需的权力 。 | Gerald S Lazarus 方卫纲 | 2002 | 中华医院管理杂志2002，18，12： | 2 |
| 8 | Cardiovascular magnetic resonance: Diagnostic utility and specific considerations in the pediatric population显示文摘Cardiovascular magnetic resonance is a non-invasive imaging modality which is emerging as important tool for the investigation and management of pediatric cardiovascular disease. In this review we describe the key technical and practical differences between scanning children and adults, and highlight some important considerations that must be taken into account for this patient population. Using case examples commonly seen in clinical practice, we discuss the important clinical applications of cardiovascular magnetic resonance, and briefly highlight key future developments in this field. | Frances M Mitchell Sanjay K Prasad Gerald F Greil Peter Drivas Vassilios S Vassiliou Claire E Raphael | 2016 | World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics2016，5，1： | 2 |
| 9 | Laser gated-ranging for underwater robot vision in turbid waters 显示文摘 | HE Duo-min GERALD G L S | 2002 | SPIE2002，4546，： | 1 |
| 10 | Numerical analysis of deterministic and stochastic Petri nets with concurrent deterministic transitions 显示文摘 | Christoph Lindemann Gerald S Shedler | 1996 | Performance Evaluation1996，2728，10： | 1 |
| 11 | The Swiss lithoclast:a new device for endoscopic stone disintegration显示文摘 | Harald S Gerald H Marco P | 1993 | J urol1993，149，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Optimal Power Flow Emulation of Interchange Brokerate Systems Using Linear Programming显示文摘 | Georage F Gerald B S | 1992 | IEEE Transactions on Power System1992，7，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Hot-cor- rosion Resistance of Ni-Cr-A1-Y and Ni-18 % Si SI- loys in Sulfate Eutectic and Sulfate Plus Vanadate Melts at 973 K 显示文摘 | BRUCE M W FRED S P GERALD H M | 2002 | Oxidation of Metals2002，58，56： | 1 |
| 14 | Local community ties, community-boundedness, and local public affairs knowledge gaps 显示文摘 | Viswanath K Gerald M Eric S | 2000 | Communication Research2000，27，2： | 1 |
| 15 | High nitrogen containing Ni-free austenitic steels for medical applications 显示文摘 | Joachim M Walter K Gerald S | 1996 | ISIJ International1996，36，： | 1 |
| 16 | Delayed gastric emptying after gastric surgery显示文摘 | Marcos BN Gerald ML Grady S | 1996 | Am J Surg1996，172，7： | 1 |
| 17 | Electricity market dynamics: Oligopolistic competition显示文摘 | Gutierrez-Alcaraz G Gerald B S | 2006 | Electric Power Systems Research2006，76，： | 1 |
| 18 | Economic Incentives in Budgetary Control Systems显示文摘 | Joel S D Gerald A F | 1978 | The Accounting Review1978，，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Tectonic contraction across Los Angeles after removal of groundwater pumping effects 显示文摘 | Gerald W Bawden Wayne Thatcher Ross S Stein | 2001 | Nature2001，412，6849： | 1 |
| 20 | Male domi- nance, paternity, and relatedness in the Jamaican frut-eat- ing bat ( Artibeus jamaicensis) 显示文摘 | JORGE o JESUS E M GERALD S W | 2003 | Molecular Ecology2003，12，： | 1 |
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