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| 1 | Non-antibiotic feed additives in diets for pigs:A review显示文摘A number of feed additives are marketed to assist in boosting the pigs' immune system, regulate gut microbiota, and reduce negative impacts of weaning and other environmental challenges.The most commonly used feed additives include acidifiers, zinc and copper, prebiotics, direct-fed microbials, yeast products, nucleotides, and plant extracts.Inclusion of pharmacological levels of zinc and copper, certain acidifiers, and several plant extracts have been reported to result in improved pig performance or improved immune function of pigs.It is also possible that use of prebiotics, direct-fed microbials, yeast,and nucleotides may have positive impacts on pig performance, but results have been less consistent and there is a need for more research in this area. | Yanhong Liu Charmaine D.Espinosa Jerubella J.Abelilla Gloria A.Casas L.Vanessa Lagos Su A.Lee Woong B.Kwon John K.Mathai Diego M.D.L.Navarro Neil W.Jaworski Hans H.Stein | 2018 | Animal Nutrition2018，，2： | 41 |
| 2 | 数据之美——聚焦全球器官捐献发展趋势显示文摘器官移植术是20世纪出现的针对器官功能衰竭的最有效治疗方法,每年拯救全球超过12万例患者。但供器官短缺的现状,与器官移植技术和辅助药物的发展不匹配,制约了器官移植事业的发展。我国自2015年起已成为全球器官捐献和移植大国之一,2017年公民逝世后器官捐献数量超过5 000例,占全球捐献总量的15%以上。黄洁夫教授总结的器官捐献与移植'中国模式'得到了世界卫生组织、国际移植界的高度重视和充分肯定。本文通过整理全球及各国的器官捐献与移植数据,剖析全球现状与发展趋势,进一步探索我国公民器官捐献的影响因素并提出针对性的应对策略,以期实现我国器官捐献和移植的'自给自足'。 | 江文诗 Maria Paula Gomez Gloria Paez Marti Manyalich | 2019 | 中华移植杂志(电子版)2019，13，1： | 40 |
| 3 | Nitrate Transport, Sensing, and Responses in Plants显示文摘氮(N) 是影响植物生长和开发的必要 macronutrient。N 是叶绿素,氨基酸, nucleic 酸,和第二等的代谢物的一个重要部件。硝酸盐是在土壤的最丰富的 N 来源之一。因为硝酸盐和其它 N 营养素经常正在限制,植物开发了复杂机制在可变环境保证营养素的足够的供应。硝酸盐全神贯注于根并且由硝酸盐 transporters 动员了到另外的机关。硝酸盐察觉到激活局部地并且在整个植物水平在分子、新陈代谢、生理、发展的回答之上侵犯的发信号的小径。与 genomics 技术和基因工具的来临,在我们硝酸盐和另外的 N 滋养的回答的理解的重要进展在过去的十年被完成了。而且,从单个种利用在分叉的个人在场的自然多型性的技术在揭开是必要的新部件。然而,仍然在我们硝酸盐发信号怎么在植物影响生物过程的理解有差距。而且,我们仍然缺乏识别的所有规章的因素怎么交往的一个综合看法或串音安排植物典型地展出的无数 N 回答。在这评论,我们提供由哪个硝酸盐全部被察觉到并且搬运植物的机制的更新的概述。我们讨论发信号的部件并且怎么在植物局部地并且全球性为发展回答与神经质的小径察觉到串音的硝酸盐。理解硝酸盐怎么在植物影响植物新陈代谢,生理学,和生长和开发对为持续农业改进庄稼关键。 | Jose A. O'Brien Andrea Vega Eleonore Bouguyon Gabriel Krouk Alain Gojon Gloria Coruzzi Rodrigo A. Gutierrez | 2016 | Molecular Plant2016，9，6： | 32 |
| 4 | Physical exercise in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease显示文摘Dementia is one of the greatest global challenges for health and social care in the 21st century.Alzheimer’s disease(AD),the most common type of dementia,is by no means an inevitable consequence of growing old.Several lifestyle factors may increase,or reduce,an individual’s risk of developing AD.Much has been written over the ages about the benefits of exercise and physical activity.Among the risk factors associated with AD is a low level of physical activity.The relationship between physical and mental health was established several years ago.In this review,we discuss the role of exercise(aerobic and resistance)training as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment and prevention of AD.Older adults who exercise are more likely to maintain cognition.We address the main protective mechanism on brain function modulated by physical exercise by examining both human and animal studies.We will pay especial attention to the potential role of exercise in the modulation of amyloid b turnover,inflammation,synthesis and release of neurotrophins,and improvements in cerebral blood flow.Promoting changes in lifestyle in presymptomatic and predementia disease stages may have the potential for delaying one-third of dementias worldwide.Multimodal interventions that include the adoption of an active lifestyle should be recommended for older populations. | Adrian De la Rosa Gloria Olaso-Gonzalez Coralie Arc-Chagnaud Fernando Millan Andrea Salvador-Pascual Consolacion Garcıa-Lucerga Cristina Blasco-Lafarga Esther Garcia-Dominguez Aitor Carretero Angela G.Correas Jose Vina Mari Carmen Gomez-Cabrera | 2020 | Journal of Sport and Health Science2020，9，5： | 32 |
| 5 | Angiographic evaluation and management of acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage显示文摘Although most cases of acute nonvariceal gastrointestinal hemorrhage either spontaneously resolve or respond to medical management or endoscopic treatment,there are still a significant number of patients who require emergency angiography and transcatheter treatment.Evaluation with noninvasive imaging such as nuclear scintigraphy or computed tomography may localize the bleeding source and/or confirm active hemorrhage prior to angiography.Any angiographic evaluation should begin with selective catheterization of the artery supplying the most likely site of bleeding,as determined by the available clinical,endoscopic and imaging data.If a hemorrhage source is identified,superselective catheterization followed by transcatheter microcoil embolization is usually the most effective means of successfully controlling hemorrhage while minimizing potential complications.This is now wellrecognized as a viable and safe alternative to emergency surgery.In selected situations transcatheter intra-arterial infusion of vasopressin may also be useful in controlling acute gastrointestinal bleeding.One must be aware of the various side effects and potential complications associated with this treatment,however,and recognize the high re-bleeding rate.In this article we review the current role of angiography,transcatheter arterial embolization and infusion therapy in the evaluation and management of nonvariceal gastrointestinal hemorrhage. | T Gregory Walker Gloria M Salazar Arthur C Waltman | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，11： | 24 |
| 6 | 飞龙掌血中三萜酸成分研究(英文)显示文摘从芸香科植物飞龙掌血中提取分离出4个新三萜酸,经波谱数据分析,分别鉴定为2α,3α,19αtrihydroxy11oxo urs12en28oicacid(1),2α,3α,11α,19αtetrahydroxy urs12en28oicacid(2),2α,3αdihydroxy19oxo18,19sec o urs11,13(18)diene28oicacid(3)和2α,3β,19αtrihydroxy olean11,13(18)dien28oicacid(4)。还分离鉴定出已知成分野鸭春酸(5)、arjunicacid(6)、飞龙掌血素、勒钩内脂和β谷甾醇。 | 黄平 Karagianis Gloria 韦善新 Waterman Peter G | 2005 | 天然产物研究与开发2005，17，4： | 19 |
| 7 | Overcoming endocrine resistance in metastatic breast cancer: Current evidence and future directions显示文摘About 75% of all breast cancers are estrogen receptor(ER)-positive. They generally have a more favorable clinical behavior, prognosis, and pattern of recurrence, and endocrine therapy forms the backbone of treatment. Anti-estrogens(such as tamoxifen and fulvestrant) and aromatase inhibitors(such as anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane) can effectively control the disease and induce tumor responses in a large proportion of patients. However, the majority of patients progress during endocrine therapy(acquired resistance) and a proportion of patients may fail to respond to initial therapy(de novo resistance). Endocrine resistance is therefore of clinical concern and there is great interest in strategies that delay or circumvent it. A deeper knowledge of the molecular mechanisms that drive endocrine resistance has recently led to development of new strategies that have the promise to effectivelyovercome it. Many resistance mechanisms have been described, and the crosstalk between ER and growth factor receptor signaling pathways seems to represent one of the most relevant. Compounds that are able to inhibit key elements of these pathways and restore endocrine sensitivity have been studied and more are currently under development. The aim of this review is to summarize the molecular pathophysiology of endocrine resistance in breast cancer and its impact on current clinical management. | Andrea Milani Elena Geuna Gloria Mittica Giorgio Valabrega | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，5： | 18 |
| 8 | Evaluation of latent links between irritable bowel syndrome and sleep quality显示文摘AIM:To examine the links between quality of sleep and the severity of intestinal symptoms in irritable bow-el syndrome(IBS).METHODS:One hundred and forty-two outpatients(110female,32 male)who met the Rome Ⅲ criteria for IBS with no psychiatric comorbidity were consecutively en-rolled in this study.Data on age,body mass index(BMI),and a set of life-habit variables were recorded,and IBS symptoms and sleep quality were evaluated using the questionnaires IBS Symptom Severity Score(IBS-SSS)and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI).The associa-tion between severity of IBS and sleep disturbances was evaluated by comparing the global IBS-SSS and PSQI score(Pearson's correlation and Fisher's exact test)and then analyzing the individual items of the IBS-SSS and PSQI questionnaires by a unitary bowel-sleep model based on item response theory(IRT).RESULTS:IBS-SSS ranged from mild to severe(120-470).The global PSQI score ranged from 1 to 17(median 5),and 60 patients were found to be poor sleepers(PSQI>5).The correlation between the global IBS-SSS and PSQI score indicated a weak association(r=0.2 and 95% CI:-0.03 to 0.35,P<0.05),which becomes stronger using our unitary model.Indeed,the IBS and sleep disturbances severities,estimated as latent variables,resulted significantly high intra-subject cor-relation(posterior mean of r=0.45 and 95% CI:0.17 to 0.70,P<0.05).Moreover,the correlations between patient features(age,sex,BMI,daily coffee and alcohol intake)and IBS and sleep disturbances were also ana-lyzed through our unitary model.Age was a signif icant regressor,with patients≤50 years old showing more severe bowel disturbances(posterior mean=-0.38,P<0.05)and less severe sleep disturbances(posterior mean=0.49,P<0.05)than older patients.Higher daily coffee intake was correlated with a lower sever-ity of bowel disturbances(posterior mean=-0.31,P<0.05).Sex(female)and daily alcohol intake(modest)were correlated with less severe sleep disturbances.CONCLUSION:The unitary bowel-sleep model based on IRT revealed a strong positive correlation between the severity of IBS symptoms and sleep disturbances. | Massimo Bellini Angelo Gemignani Dario Gambaccini Simona Toti Danilo Menicucci Cristina Stasi Francesco Costa Maria Gloria Mumolo Angelo Ricchiuti Remo Bedini Nicola de Bortoli Santino Marchi | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，46： | 17 |
| 9 | BH3-only proteins target BCL-xL/MCL-1,not BAX/BAK,to initiate apoptosis显示文摘It has been widely accepted that mitochondria-dependent apoptosis initiates when select BH3-only proteins(BID,BIM,etc.)directly engage and allosterically activate effector proteins BAX/BAK.Here,through reconstitution of cells lacking all eight pro-apoptotic BH3-only proteins,we demonstrate that all BH3-only proteins primarily target the anti-apoptotic BCL-2 proteins BCL-xL/MCL-1,whose simultaneous suppression enables membrane-mediated spontaneous activation of BAX/BAK.BH3-only proteins*apoptotic activities correlate with affinities for BCL-xL/MCL1 instead of abilities to directly activate BAX/BAK.Further,BID and BIM do not distinguish BAX from BAK or accelerate BAX/BAK activation following inactivation of BCL-xL/MCL-1.Remarkably,death ligandinduced apoptosis in cells lacking BH3-only proteins and MCL-1 is fully restored by BID mutants capable of neutralizing BCL-xL,but not direct activation of BAX/BAK.Taken together,our findings provide a'Membrane-mediated Permissive'model,in which the BH3-only proteins only indirectly activate BAX/BAK by neutralizing the anti-apoptotic BCL-2 proteins,and thus allowing BAX/BAK to undergo unimpeded,spontaneous activation in the mitochondrial outer membrane milieu,leading to apoptosis initiation. | Kai Huang Katelyn L.O'Neill Jian Li Wei Zhou Na Han Xiaming Pang Wei Wu Lucas Struble Gloria Borgstahl Zhaorui Liu Liqiana Zhang Xu Luo | 2019 | Cell Research2019，29，11： | 16 |
| 10 | Tenofovir vs lamivudine plus adefovir in chronic hepatitis B:TENOSIMP-B study显示文摘AIM To demonstrate the non-inferiority(15% non-inferiority limit) of monotherapy with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate(TDF) vs the combination of lamivudine(LAM) plus adefovir dipivoxil(ADV) in the maintenance of virologic response in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB) and prior failure with LAM.METHODS This study was a Phase IV prospective, randomized, open, controlled study with 2 parallel groups(TDF and LAM+ADV) of adult patients with hepatitis B e antigen(HBe Ag)-negative CHB, prior failure with LAM, on treatment with LAM+ADV for at least 6 mo, without prior resistance to ADV and with an undetectable viral load at the start of the study, in 14 Spanish hospitals. The follow-up time for each patient was 48 wk after randomization, with quarterly visits in which the viral load, biochemical and serological parameters, adverse effects, adherence to treatment and consumption of hospital resources were analysed.RESULTS Forty-six patients were evaluated [median age: 55.4 years(30.2-75.2); 84.8% male], including 22 patients with TDF and 24 with LAM+ADV. During study development, hepatitis B virus DNA(HBV-DNA) remained undetectable, all patients remained HBe Ag negative, and hepatitis B surface antigen(HBs Ag) positive. Alanine aminotransferase(ALT) values at the end of the study were similar in the 2 groups(25.1± 7.65, TDF vs 24.22 ± 8.38, LAM+ADV, P = 0.646). No significant changes were observed in creatinine or serum phosphorus values in either group. No significant differences between the 2 groups were noted in the identification of adverse effects(AEs)(53.8%, TDF vs 37.5%, LAM+ADV, P = 0.170), and none of the AEs which occurred were serious. Treatment adherence was 95.5% and 83.3% in the TDF and the LAM+ADV groups, respectively(P = 0.488). The costs associated with hospital resource consumption were significantly lower with the TDF treatment than the LAM+ADV treatment(€4943 ± 1059 vs €5811 ± 1538, respectively, P < 0.001).CONCLUSION TDF monotherapy proved to be safe and not inferior to the LAM+ADV combination therapy in maintaining virologic response in patients with CHB and previous LAM failure. In addition, the use of TDF generated a significant savings in hospital costs. | Manuel Rodríguez Juan Manuel Pascasio Enrique Fraga Javier Fuentes Martín Prieto Gloria Sánchez-Antolín Jose Luis Calleja Esther Molina María Luisa García-Buey María Angeles Blanco Javier Salmerón María Lucía Bonet Jose Antonio Pons Jose Manuel González Miguel Angel Casado Francisco Jorquera 无 | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，41： | 16 |
| 11 | Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy:Rationale and technique显示文摘The combination of complete cytoreductive surgery and perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy provides the only chance for long-term survival for selected patients diagnosed with a variety of peritoneal neoplasms,either primary or secondary to digestive or gynecologic malignancy.Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) delivered in the operating room once the cytoreductive surgical procedure is fi nalized,constitutes the most common form of administration of perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy.This may be complemented in some instances with early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (EPIC).HIPEC combines the pharmacokinetic advantage inherent to the intracavitary delivery of certain cytotoxic drugs,which results in regional dose intensification,with the direct cytotoxic effect of hyperthermia.Hyperthermia exhibits a selective cell-killing effect in malignant cells by itself,potentiates the cytotoxic effect of certain chemotherapy agents and enhances the tissue penetration of the administered drug.The chemotherapeutic agents employed in HIPEC need to have a cell cycle nonspecific mechanism of action and should ideally show a heat-synergistic cytotoxic effect.Delivery of HIPEC requires an apparatus that heats and circulates the chemotherapeutic solution so that a stable temperature is maintained in the peritoneal cavity during the procedure.An open abdomen (Coliseum) or closed abdomen technique may be used,with no signif icant differences in eff icacy proven to date.Specif ic technical training and a solid knowledge of regional chemotherapy management are required.Concerns about safety of the procedure for operating room personnel are expected but are manageable if universal precautions and standard chemotherapy handling procedures are used.Different HIPEC drug regimens and dosages are currently in use.A tendency for concurrent intravenous chemotherapy administration (bidirectional chemotherapy,so-called 'HIPEC plus') has been observed in recent years,with the aim to further enhance the cytotoxic potential of HIPEC.Future trials to ascertain the ideal HIPEC regimen in different diseases and to evaluate the efficacy of new drugs or drug combinations in this context are warranted. | Santiago González-Moreno Luis A González-Bayón Gloria Ortega-Pérez | 2010 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2010，2，2： | 15 |
| 12 | 假地枫皮中二萜酸类化合物研究(英文)显示文摘从八角属植物假地枫皮的石油醚提取物中分离出5个二萜酸类化合物,经波谱数据分析(1HNMR、13CNMR、1H1HCOSY、NOESY、HSQC和HMBC),分别鉴定为4epidehydroabieticacid(1)、4episandaracopinaricacid(2)、4epiabieticacid(3)、4epiisopimaricacid(4)和8,11,13,15abietatetraen19oicacid(4)。 | 黄平 Gloria Karagianis Peter G Waterman | 2005 | 天然产物研究与开发2005，17，3： | 13 |
| 13 | Bifidobacterium lactis attenuates onset of inflammation in a murine model of colitis显示文摘AIM: To assess the anti-inflammatory effect of the probiotic Bifidobacterium lactis (B. lactis) in an adoptive transfer model of colitis. METHODS: Donor and recipient mice received either B. lactis or bacterial culture medium as control (deMan Rogosa Sharpe) in drinking water for one week prior to transfer of a mix of naive and regulatory T cells until sacrifice. RESULTS: All recipient mice developed signs of colonic inflammation, but a significant reduction of weight loss was observed in B. lactis-fed recipient mice compared to control mice. Moreover, a trend toward a diminution of mucosal thickness and attenuated epithelial damage was revealed. Colonic expression of pro-inflammatory and T cell markers was significantly reduced in B. lactis-fed recipient mice compared to controls. Concomitantly, forkhead box protein 3, a marker of regulatory T cells, was significantly up-regulated by B. lactis. CONCLUSION: Daily oral administration of B. lactis was able to reduce inflammatory and T cells mediators and to promote regulatory T cells specific markers in a mouse model of colitis. | David Philippe Laurent Favre Francis Foata Oskar Adolfsson Genevieve Perruisseau-Carrier Karine Vidal Gloria Reuteler Johanna Dayer-Schneider Christoph Mueller Stéphanie Blum | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，4： | 12 |
| 14 | How many cases of laryngopharyngeal reflux suspected by laryngoscopy are gastroesophageal reflux disease-related?显示文摘AIM:To investigate the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) in patients with a laryngoscopic diagnosis of laryngopharyngeal reflux(LPR).METHODS:Between May 2011 and October 2011,41 consecutive patients with laryngopharyngeal symptoms(LPS) and laryngoscopic diagnosis of LPR were empirically treated with proton pump inhibitors(PPIs) for at least 8 wk,and the therapeutic outcome was assessed through validated questionnaires(GERD impact scale,GIS;visual analogue scale,VAS).LPR diagnosis was performed by ear,nose and throat specialists using the reflux finding score(RFS) and reflux symptom index(RSI).After a 16-d wash-out from PPIs,all patients underwent an upper endoscopy,stationary esophageal manometry,24-h multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH(MII-pH) esophageal monitoring.A positive correlation between LPR diagnosis and GERD was supposed based on the presence of esophagitis(ERD),pathological acid exposure time(AET) in the absence of esophageal erosions(NERD),and a positive correlation between symptoms and refluxes(hypersensitive esophagus,HE).RESULTS:The male/female ratio was 0.52(14/27),the mean age ± SD was 51.5 ± 12.7 years,and the mean body mass index was 25.7 ± 3.4 kg/m 2.All subjects reported one or more LPS.Twenty-five out of 41 patients also had typical GERD symptoms(heartburn and/or regurgitation).The most frequent laryngoscopic findings were posterior laryngeal hyperemia(38/41),linear indentation in the medial edge of the vocal fold(31/41),vocal fold nodules(6/41) and diffuse infraglottic oedema(25/41).The GIS analysis showed that 10/41 patients reported symptom relief with PPI therapy(P < 0.05);conversely,23/41 did not report any clinical improvement.At the same time,the VAS analysis showed a significant reduction in typical GERD symptoms after PPI therapy(P < 0.001).A significant reduction in LPS symptoms.On the other hand,such result was not recorded for LPS.Esophagitis was detected in 2/41 patients,and ineffective esophageal motility was found in 3/41 patients.The MII-pH analysis showed an abnormal AET in 5/41 patients(2 ERD and 3 NERD);11/41 patients had a normal AET and a positive association between symptoms and refluxes(HE),and 25/41 patients had a normal AET and a negative association between symptoms and refluxes(no GERD patients).It is noteworthy that HE patients had a positive association with typical GERD-related symptoms.Gas refluxes were found more frequently in patients with globus(29.7 ± 3.6) and hoarseness(21.5 ± 7.4) than in patients with heartburn or regurgitation(7.8 ± 6.2).Gas refluxes were positively associated with extraesophageal symptoms(P < 0.05).Overall,no differences were found among the three groups of patients in terms of the frequency of laryngeal signs.The proximal reflux was abnormal in patients with ERD/NERD only.The differences observed by means of MII-pH analysis among the three subgroups of patients(ERD/NERD,HE,no GERD) were not demonstrated with the RSI and RFS.Moreover,only the number of gas refluxes was found to have a significant association with the RFS(P = 0.028 andP = 0.026,nominal and numerical correlation,respectively).CONCLUSION:MII-pH analysis confirmed GERD diagnosis in less than 40% of patients with previous diagnosis of LPR,most likely because of the low specificity of the laryngoscopic findings. | Nicola de Bortoli Andrea Nacci Edoardo Savarino Irene Martinucci Massimo Bellini Bruno Fattori Linda Ceccarelli Francesco Costa Maria Gloria Mumolo Angelo Ricchiuti Vincenzo Savarino Stefano Berrettini Santino Marchi | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，32： | 11 |
| 15 | Mitochondrial protection by low doses of insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰin experimental cirrhosis显示文摘AIM: To characterize the mitochondrial dysfunction in experimental cirrhosis and to study whether insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ) therapy (4 wk) is able to induce beneficial effects on damaged mitochondria leading to cellular protection. METHODS: Wistar rats were divided into three groups: Control group, untreated cirrhotic rats and cirrhotic rats treated with IGF-Ⅰtreatment (2 μg/100 g bw/d). Mitochondrial function was analyzed by flow cytometry in isolated hepatic mitochondria, caspase 3 activation was assessed by Western blot and apoptosis by TUNEL in the three experimental groups. RESULTS: Untreated cirrhotic rats showed a mitochon- drial dysfunction characterized by a significant reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential (in status 4 and 3); an increase of intramitochondrial reactive oxigen species (ROS) generation and a significant reduction of ATPase activity. IGF-Ⅰtherapy normalized mitochondrial func-tion by increasing the membrane potential and ATPase activity and reducing the intramitochondrial free radical production. Activity of the electron transport complexes Ⅰand Ⅲ was increased in both cirrhotic groups. In addition, untreated cirrhotic rats showed an increase of caspase 3 activation and apoptosis. IGF-Ⅰtherapy reduced the expression of the active peptide of caspase 3 and resulted in reduced apoptosis. | Raquel Pérez María García-Fernández Matías Díaz-Sánchez Juan E Puche Gloria Delgado Marian Conchillo Jordi Muntané Inma Castilla-Cortázar | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，17： | 11 |
| 16 | Dectin- 1 isoforms contribute to distinct Th 1/Th 17 cell activation in mucosal candidiasis显示文摘β 的识别;由 dectin-1 的 -glucans 被显示了调停房间激活, cytokine 生产和许多抗真菌的回答。这里,我们报导在到 Candida albicans 的 mucosal 免疫的 dectin-1 的功能的活动被主人的基因背景影响。Dectin-1 在 C57BL/6,然而并非 BALB/c 老鼠为胃肠、阴道的 candidiasis 的合适的控制被要求;事实上,后者当 dectin-1 不在时显示出增加的抵抗。到感染的 dectin-1-deficient C57BL/6 老鼠的危险性在 IL-17A 和芳基烃受体依赖者 IL-22 生产并且在适应 Th1 回答与缺点被联系。相反, dectin-1-deficient BALB/c 鼠标的抵抗与增加的 IL-17A 和 IL-22 生产并且向提供免疫学的存储器的 Th1/Treg 有免疫力的回答扭曲被联系。迥异的正规 / 不在经典中的 NF-κ dectin-1 下游地表明小径的 B 在二不同老鼠紧张被激活。因此,在抗真菌的 mucosal 免疫的 dectin-1 的网活动依赖于主人的基因背景,它在 dectin-1 发信号之上影响天生的 cytokine 生产和适应 Th1/Th17 房间激活。 | Agostinho Carvalho Gloria Giovannini AntoneUa De Luca Carmen D'Angelo Andrea Casagrande Rossana G Iannitti Giovanni Ricci Cristina Cunha Luigina Romani | 2012 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2012，9，3： | 10 |
| 17 | Lansoprazole prevents experimental gastric injury induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs through a reduction of mucosal oxidative damage显示文摘AIM: This study investigated the mechanisms of protection afforded by the proton pump inhibitor lansoprazole against gastric injury induced by different non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in rats.METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were orally treated with indomethacin (100 μmol/kg), diclofenac (60 μmol/kg),piroxicam (150 μmol/kg) or ketoprofen (150 μmol/kg).Thirty minutes before NSAIDs, animals were orally treated with lansoprazole 18 or 90 μmol/kg. Four hours after the end of treatments, the following parameters were assessed: gastric mucosal PGE2, malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO) or non-proteic sulfhydryl compounds (GSH) levels; reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of mucosal COX-2 mRNA; gastric acid secretion in pylorus-ligated animals; in vitro effects of lansoprazole (1-300 μmol/L) on the oxidation of low density lipoproteins (LDLs) induced by copper sulphate.RESULTS: All NSAIDs elicited mucosal necrotic lesions which were associated with neutrophil infiltration and reduction of PGE2 levels. Increments of MPO and MDA contents, as well as a decrease in GSH levels were detected in the gastric mucosa of indomethacin- or piroxicam-treated animals. Indomethacin enhanced mucosal cyclooxygenase-2 expression, while not affecting cyclooxygenase-1. At the oral dose of 18 μmol/kg lansoprazole partly counteracted diclofenac-induced mucosal damage, whereas at 90 μmol/kg it markedly prevented injuries evoked by all test NSAIDs. Lansoprazole at 90 μmol/kg reversed also the effects of NSAIDs on MPO, MDA and GSH mucosal contents, without interfering with the decrease in PGE2 levels or indomethacin-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression. However, both lansoprazole doses markedly inhibited acid secretion in pylorus-ligated rats. Lansoprazole concentration-dependently reduced the oxidation of LDLs in vitro.CONCLUSION: These results suggest that, besides the inhibition of acid secretion, lansoprazole protection against NSAID-induced gastric damage depends on a reduction in mucosal oxidative injury, which is also responsible for an increment of sulfhydryl radical bioavailability. It is also suggested that lansoprazole does not influence the downregulation of gastric prostaglandin production associated with NSAID treatment. | Corrado Blandizzi Matteo Fornai Rocchina Colucci Gianfranco Natale Valter Lubrano Cristina Vassalle Luca Antonioli Gloria Lazzeri Mario Del Tacca | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，26： | 9 |
| 18 | TT virus infection in patients with chronic hepatitis B and response of TTV to lamivudine显示文摘AIM: To investigate the responses of TT virus (TTV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) to a long-term lamivudine therapy.METHODS: Sixteen patients infected with both TTV and HBV were treated with lamivudine 100 mg daily for 30 months. Blood samples were drawn at the beginning of the therapy and subsequently at month 3, 6, 9, 12 and 30.Serum TTV was quantified by real time PCR and serum HBV was detected by hybridization assay and nested polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS: TTV infection was detected in 100 % of HBV-infected patients. Loss of serum TTV DNA after one year of treatment occurred in 1/16 (6 %) patients. At the end of therapy, TTV DNA was positive in 94 % of them. The decline of HBV viremia was evident at 3 months after therapy and the response rate was 31%, 44 %, 63 %, 50 % and 50 %at month 3, 6, 9, 12 and 30, respectively.CONCLUSION: TTV replication is not sensitive to lamivudine and is highly prevalent in HBV-infected patients. | Javier Moreno Garcia Rafael Barcena Marugan Gloria Moraleda Garcia M Luisa Mateos Lindeman Jesus Fortun Abete Santos del Campo Terron | 2003 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2003，9，6： | 9 |
| 19 | From bench to bedside: Fecal calprotectin in inflammatory bowel diseases clinical setting显示文摘Fecal calprotectin(FC) has emerged as one of the most useful tools for clinical management of inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD). Many different methods of assessment have been developed and different cutoffs have been suggested for different clinical settings. We carried out a comprehensive literature review of the most relevant FC-related topics: the role of FC in discriminating between IBD and irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) and its use in managing IBD patients In patients with intestinal symptoms, due to the high negative predictive value a normal FC level reliably rules out active IBD. In IBD patients a correlation with both mucosal healing and histology was found, and there is increasing evidence that FC assessment can be helpful in monitoring disease activity and response to therapy as well as in predicting relapse, post-operative recurrence or pouchitis. Recently, its use in the context of a treat-to-target approach led to a better outcome than clinically-based therapy adjustment in patients with early Crohn's disease. In conclusion, FC measurement represents a cheap, safe and reliable test, easy to perform and with a good reproducibility. The main concerns are still related to the choice of the optimal cut-off, both for differentiating IBD from IBS, and for the management of IBD patients. | Maria Gloria Mumolo Lorenzo Bertani Linda Ceccarelli Gabriella Laino Giorgia Di Fluri Eleonora Albano Gherardo Tapete Francesco Costa | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，33： | 8 |
| 20 | 空桐树的化学成分研究(英文)显示文摘从空桐树(Paulownia kawakamii)首次提取分离出7个化合物,经波谱分析和化学反应,分别鉴定为α-lapachone(1)、9-hydroxy-α-lapachone(2)、黄钟花醌(3)、芝麻素(4)、泡桐素(5)、谷甾醇棕榈酸脂(6)和β-谷甾醇(7)。 | 黄平 Karagianis Gloria 韦善新 Waterman Peter G. | 2008 | 天然产物研究与开发2008，20，2： | 8 |
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