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| 1 | 儿童急性下呼吸道感染病毒病原学研究显示文摘目的了解儿童急性下呼吸道感染(ALRTI)病毒病原学特点。方法2007年3月至2008年2月,在北京儿童医院内科就诊及住院治疗的临床诊断为ALRTI的患儿共572例。对每例患儿在就诊当日或次日采集鼻咽吸取物1份,采用逆转录(RT)-PCR方法进行常见呼吸道病毒核酸检测,包括呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、鼻病毒(RV)、副流感病毒(PIV)1~4型、甲型及乙型流感病毒(IFA、IFB)、腺病毒(AdV)、肠道病毒(EV)、冠状病毒(HCoV)、偏肺病毒(hMPV)及博卡病毒(HBoV)。结果572例患儿标本中,444例检出至少1种病毒,总检出率77.6%。各种病毒中,RSV检出率最高,占48.3%,其次是RV(27.1%)和PIV(13.3%)。不同年龄组病毒的总检出率差异有统计学意义,<3岁组检出率较高,≥5岁组病毒检出率明显降低。不同年龄组ALRTI病原谱有所不同,<5岁各组主要是RSV、RV、PIV,而≥5岁组则主要为RV、IFV、RSV。572例中,158例(27.6%)检出2种或2种以上病毒,<1岁患儿混合感染率最高,为40.2%,随年龄增长混合感染率逐渐下降,≥5岁患儿混合感染率仅为14.0%。结论就诊于北京儿童医院的ALRTI患儿中,5岁以下者ALRTI的主要病毒病原是RSV、RV、PIV;≥5岁则主要为RV、IFV、RSV。 | 刘春艳 谢正德 Richard Gonzalez 任丽丽 孔晓慧 胡英惠 幺远 杨燕 钱素云 耿荣 申昆玲 王健伟 | 2009 | 中国实用儿科杂志2009，24，4： | 58 |
| 2 | Diabetic nephropathy:Is it time yet for routine kidney biopsy?显示文摘Diabetic nephropathy(DN)is one of the most important long-term complications of diabetes.Patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease have an increased risk of all-cause mortality,cardiovascular mortality,and kidney failure.The clinical diagnosis of DN depends on the detection of microalbuminuria.This usually occurs after the first five years from the onset of diabetes,and predictors of DN development and progression are being studied but are not yet implemented into clinical practice.Diagnostic tests are useful tools to recognize onset,progression and response to therapeutic interventions.Microalbuminuria is an indicator of DN,and it is considered the only noninvasive marker of early onset.However,up to now there is no diagnostic tool that can predict which patients will develop DN before any damage is present.Pathological renal injury is hard to predict only with clinical and laboratory findings.An accurate estimate of damage in DN can only be achieved by the histological analysis of tissue samples.At the present time,renal biopsy is indicated on patients with diabetes under the suspicion of the presence of nephropathies other than DN.Results from renal biopsies in patients with diabetes had made possible the classification of renal biopsies in three major groups associated with different prognostic features:diabetic nephropathy,non-diabetic renal disease(NDRD),and a superimposed non-diabetic condition on underlying diabetic nephropathy.In patients with type 2 diabetes with a higher degree of suspicion for NDRD,it is granted the need of a renal biopsy.It is important to identify and differentiate these pathologies at an early stage in order to prevent progression and potential complications.Therefore,a more extensive use of biopsy is advisable. | Maria L Gonzalez Suarez David B Thomas Laura Barisoni Alessia Fornoni | 2013 | World Journal of Diabetes2013，4，6： | 29 |
| 3 | One hundred and one over-the-scope-clip applications forsevere gastrointestinal bleeding,leaks and fistulas显示文摘AIM: To investigate the efficacy and clinical outcome of patients treated with an over-the-scope-clip(OTSC) system for severe gastrointestinal hemorrhage, perforations and fistulas.METHODS: From 02-2009 to 10-2012, 84 patients were treated with 101 OTSC clips. 41 patients(48.8%) presented with severe upper-gastrointestinal(GI) bleeding, 3(3.6%) patients with lower-GI bleeding, 7 patients(8.3%) underwent perforation closure, 18 patients(21.4%) had prevention of secondary perforation, 12 patients(14.3%) had control of secondary bleeding after endoscopic mucosal resection or endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) and 3 patients(3.6%) had an intervention on a chronic fistula. RESULTS: In 78/84 patients(92.8%), primary treatment with the OTSC was technically successful. Clinical primary success was achieved in 75/84 patients(89.28%). The overall mortality in the study patients was 11/84(13.1%) and was seen in patients with life threatning upper GI hemorrhage. There was no mortality in any other treatment group. In detail OTSC application lead to a clinical success in 35/41(85.36%) patients with upper GI bleeding and in 3/3 patients with lower GI bleeding. Technical success of perforation closure was 100% while clinical success was seen in 4/7 cases(57.14%) due to attendant circumstances unrelated to the OTSC. Technical and clinic success was achieved in 18/18(100%) patients for the prevention of bleeding or perforation after endoscopic mucosal resection and ESD and in 3/3 cases of fistula closure. Two application-related complications were seen(2%).CONCLUSION: This largest single center experience published so far confirms the value of the OTSC for GI emergencies and complications. Further clinical experience will help to identify optimal indications for its targeted and prophylactic use. | Edris Wedi Susana Gonzalez Detlev Menke Elena Kruse Kai Matthes Juergen Hochberger | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，5： | 28 |
| 4 | Current Trends in Pickering Emulsions: Particle Morphology and Applications显示文摘In recent years,Pickering emulsions and their applications have attracted a great deal of attention due to their special features,which include easy preparation and enhanced stability.In contrast to classical emulsions,in Pickering emulsions,solid microparticles or nanoparticles that localize at the interface between liquids are used as stabilizers,instead of surfactants,to enhance the droplet lifetime.Furthermore,Pickering emulsions show higher stability,lower toxicity,and stimuli-responsiveness,compared with emulsions that are stabilized by surfactants.Therefore,they can be considered attractive components for various uses,such as photocatalysis and the preparation of new materials.Moreover,the nanoparticle morphology strongly influences Pickering emulsion stability as well as the potential utilization of such emulsions.Here,we review recent findings concerning Pickering emulsions,with a particular focus on how the nanoparticles morphology(i.e.,cube,ellipsoid,nanosheet,sphere,cylinder,rod,peanut)influences the type and stability of such emulsions,and their current applications in different fields such as antibacterial activity,protein recognition,catalysis,photocatalysis,and water purification. | Danae Gonzalez Ortiz Celine Pochat-Bohatier Julien Cambedouzou Mikhael Bechelany Philippe Miele | 2020 | Engineering2020，6，4： | 22 |
| 5 | Therapeutic temperature modulation is associated with pulmonary complications in patients with severe traumatic brain injury显示文摘AIM: To examine complications associated with the use of therapeutic temperature modulation(mild hypothermia and normothermia) in patients with severe traumatic brain injury(TBI). METHODS: One hundred and fourteen charts were reviewed. Inclusion criteria were: severe TBI with Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS) < 9, intensive care unit(ICU) stay > 24 h and non-penetrating TBI. Patients were divided into two cohorts: the treatment group received therapeutic temperature modulation(TTM) with continuous surface cooling and indwelling bladder temperature probes. The control group received standard treatment with intermittent acetaminophen for fever. Information regarding complications during the time in the ICU was collected as follows: Pneumonia was identified using a combination of clinical and laboratory data. Pulmonary embolism, pneumothorax and deep venous thrombosis were identified based onimaging results. Cardiac arrhythmias and renal failure were extracted from the clinical documentation. acute respiratory distress syndrome and acute lung injury were determined based on chest imaging and arterial blood gas results. A logistic regression was conducted to predict hospital mortality and a multiple regression was used to assess number and type of clinical complications. RESULTS: One hundred and fourteen patients were included in the analysis(mean age = 41.4, SD = 19.1, 93 males), admitted to the Jackson Memorial Hospital Neuroscience ICU and Ryder Trauma Center(mean GCS = 4.67, range 3-9), were identified and included in the analysis. Method of injury included motor vehicle accident(n = 29), motor cycle crash(n = 220), blunt head trauma(n = 212), fall(n = 229), pedestrian hit by car(n = 216), and gunshot wound to the head(n = 27). Ethnicity was primarily Caucasian(n = 260), as well as Hispanic(n = 227) and African American(n = 223); four patients had unknown ethnicity. Patients received either TTM(43) or standard therapy(71). Within the TTM group eight patients were treated with normothermia after TBI and 35 patients were treated with hypothermia. A logistic regression predicting in hospital mortality with age, GCS, and TM demonstrated that GCS(Beta = 0.572, P < 0.01) and age(Beta =-0.029) but not temperature modulation(Beta = 0.797, ns) were significant predictors of in-hospital mortality [χ2(3) = 22.27, P < 0.01] A multiple regression predicting number of complications demonstrated that receiving TTM was the main contributor and was associated with a higher number of pulmonary complications(t =-3.425, P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Exposure to TTM is associated with an increase in pulmonary complications. These findings support more attention to these complications in studies of TTM in TBI patients. | Kristine H O’Phelan Amedeo Merenda Katherine G Denny Kassandra E Zaila Cynthia Gonzalez | 2015 | World Journal of Critical Care Medicine2015，4，4： | 18 |
| 6 | ABO incompatible renal transplants:Good or bad?显示文摘ABO incompatible kidney transplantation(ABOi-KT) was previously considered to be an absolute contraindication for patients with end-stage kidney disease(ESKD) due to hyperacute rejection related to blood type barrier. Since the first successful series of ABOi-KT was reported, ABOi-KT is performed increasingly all over the world. ABOi-KT has led to an expanded donor pool and reduced the number of patients with ESKD awaiting deceased kidney transplantation(KT). Intensified immunosuppression and immunological understanding has helped to shape current desensitization protocols. Consequently, in recent years, ABOi-KT outcome is comparable to ABO compatible KT(ABOc-KT). However, many questions still remain unanswered. In ABOi-KT, there is an additional residual immunological risk that maylead to allograft damage, despite using current diverse but usually intensified immunosuppressive protocols at the expense of increasing risk of infection and possibly malignancy. Notably, in ABOi-KT, desensitization and antibody reduction therapies have increased the cost of KT. Reassuringly, there has been an evolution in ABOiKT leading to a simplification of protocols over the last decade. This review provides an overview of the history, outcome, protocol, advantages and disadvantages in ABOi-KT, and focuses on whether ABOi-KT should be recommended as a therapeutic option of KT in the future. | Masaki Muramatsu Hector Daniel Gonzalez Roberto Cacciola Atsushi Aikawa Magdi M Yaqoob Carmelo Puliatti | 2014 | World Journal of Transplantation2014，4，1： | 18 |
| 7 | Effect of Helicobacter pylori on gastric epithelial cells显示文摘The gastrointestinal epithelium has cells with features that make them a powerful line of defense in innate mucosal immunity. Features that allow gastrointestinal epithelial cells to contribute in innate defense include cell barrier integrity, cell turnover, autophagy, and innate immune responses. Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) is a spiral shape gram negative bacterium that selectively colonizes the gastric epithelium of more than half of the world's population. The infection invariably becomes persistent due to highly specialized mechanisms that facilitate H. pylori 's avoidance of this initial line of host defense as well as adaptive immune mechanisms. The host response is thus unsuccessful in clearing the infection and as a result becomes established as a persistent infection promoting chronic inflammation. In some individuals the associated inflammation contributes to ulcerogenesis or neoplasia. H. pylori has an array of different strategies to interact intimately with epithelial cells and manipulate their cellular processes and functions. Among the multiple aspects that H. pylori affects in gastric epithelial cells are their distribution of epithelial junctions, DNA damage, apoptosis, proliferation, stimulation of cytokine production, and cell transformation. Some of these processes are initiated as a result of the activation of signaling mechanisms activated on binding of H. pylori to cell surface receptors or via soluble virulence factors that gain access to the epithelium. The multiple responses by the epithelium to the infection contribute to pathogenesis associated with H. pylori. | Shatha Alzahrani Taslima T Lina Jazmin Gonzalez Irina V Pinchuk Ellen J Beswick Victor E Reyes | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，36： | 15 |
| 8 | Small for size syndrome following living donor and split liver transplantation显示文摘The field of liver transplantation is limited by the availability of donor organs. The use of living donor and split cadaveric grafts is one potential method of expanding the donor pool. However, primary graft dysfunction can result from the use of partial livers despite the absence of other causes such as vascular obstruction or sepsis. This increasingly recognised phenomenon is termed 'Small-for-size syndrome' (SFSS). Studies in animal models and humans have suggested portal hyperperfusion of the graft combined with poor venous outflow and reduced arterial flow might cause sinusoidal congestion and endothelial dysfunction. Graft related factors such as graft to recipient body weight ratio < 0.8, impaired venous outflow, steatosis > 30% and pro- longed warm/cold ischemia time are positively predictive of SFSS. Donor related factors include deranged liver function tests and prolonged intensive care unit stay greater than five days. Child-Pugh grade C recipients are at relatively greater risk of developing SFSS. Surgi- cal approaches to prevent SFSS fall into two categories: those targeting portal hyperperfusion by reducing inflow to the graft, including splenic artery modulation and portacaval shunts; and those aiming to relieve paren-chymal congestion. This review aims to examine thecontroversial diagnosis of SFSS, including current strate-gies to predict and prevent its occurrence. We will also consider whether such interventions could jeopardize the graft by compromising regeneration. | Hector Daniel Gonzalez Sophia Cashman Giuseppe K Fusai | 2010 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2010，2，12： | 13 |
| 9 | Evaluation of VEGF gene polymorphisms and proliferative diabetic retinopathy in Mexican population显示文摘● AIM: To assess if the included vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) polymorphisms rs3025035, rs3025021 and rs2010963 are associated to proliferative retinopathy in a Mexican population with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).● METHODS: A case-control study was conducted in adult individuals with T2 DM associated to proliferative retinopathy or non-proliferative retinopathy from Oct. 2014 to Jun. 2015 from the Retina Department of the Asociation to Prevent Blindness in Mexico. The selected patients were adults with a diagnosis of T2 DM ≥5y. All subjects had a comprehensive ocular examination and the classification of the retinopathy severity was made considering the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study(ETDRS) standardization protocols. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole fresh blood. All samples were genotyped by q PCR for selected VEGF polymorphisms. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was calculated by comparing Chi-square values between the expected and the observed values for genotype counts.● RESULTS: In total 142 individuals were enrolled, 71 individuals with T2 DM and associated proliferative retinopathy and 71 individuals with non-proliferative retinopathy. One-sided Fisher's exact test was performed for rs3025021[OR(95% CI)=0.44(0.08-2.2); P=0.25] and rs2010963 [OR(95% CI)=0.63(0.25-1.6); P=0.23]. The minor allelic frequencies obtained were 26% for rs3025021, 10% for rs3025035 and 61% for rs2010963. The pairwise linkage disequilibrium between the three SNP was assessed, and was as follows: rs3025021 vs rs3025035: D'=1.0, r^2=0.1043, P≤0.0001; rs3025021 vs rs2010963: D'=0.442, r^2=0.0446, P=0.149; rs3025035 vs rs2010963: D'=0.505, r^2=0.0214, P=0.142.● CONCLUSION: This is the first analysis involving VEGFA polymorphisms and proliferative diabetic retinopathy in a Mexican population. A major finding of the present study is that none of the polymorphisms studied was significantly associated with proliferative retinopathy. Based on these results, we can infer that different populations have different associations for the same polymorphisms. | Roberto Gonzalez-Salinas Maria C Garcia-Gutierrez Gerardo Garcia-Aguirre Virgilio Morales-Canton Raul Velez-Montoya Vidal R Soberon-Ventura Victoria Gonzalez Rodrigo Lechuga Pablo Garcia-Solis David G Garcia-Gutierrez Marco Vinicio Garcia-Solis Manuel Saenz de Viteri Juan C Solis-S | 2017 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2017，10，1： | 12 |
| 10 | Phase angle obtained by bioelectrical impedance analysis independently predicts mortality in patients with cirrhosis显示文摘AIM To evaluate the prognostic value of the phase angle(PA)obtained from bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA) for mortality prediction in patients with cirrhosis. METHODS In total, 134 male cirrhotic patients prospectively completed clinical evaluations and nutritional assessment by BIA to obtain PAs during a 36-mo follow-up period. Mortality risk was analyzed by applying the PA cutoff point recently proposed as a malnutrition marker(PA ≤ 4.9°) in Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariate Cox regression models. RESULTS The patients were divided into two groups according to the PA cutoff value(PA > 4.9°, n = 73; PA ≤ 4.9°, n = 61). Weight, height, and body mass index were similar in both groups, but patients with PAs > 4.9° were younger and had higher mid-arm muscle circumference, albumin, and handgrip-strength values and lower severe ascites and encephalopathy incidences, interleukin(IL)-6/IL-10 ratios and C-reactive protein levels than did patients with PAs ≤ 4.9°(P ≤ 0.05). Forty-eight(35.80%) patients died due to cirrhosis, with a median of 18 mo(interquartile range, 3.3-25.6 mo) follow-up until death. Thirty-one(64.60%) of these patients were from the PA ≤ 4.9° group. PA ≤ 4.9° significantly and independently affected the mortality model adjusted for Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score and age(hazard ratio = 2.05, 95%CI: 1.11-3.77, P = 0.021). In addition, Kaplan-Meier curves showed that patients with PAs ≤ 4.9° were significantly more likely to die. CONCLUSION In male patients with cirrhosis, the PA ≤ 4.9° cutoff was associated independently with mortality and identified patients with worse metabolic, nutritional, and disease progression profiles. The PA may be a useful and reliable bedside tool to evaluate prognosis in cirrhosis. | Giliane Belarmino Maria Cristina Gonzalez Raquel S Torrinhas Priscila Sala Wellington Andraus Luiz Augusto Carneiro D'Albuquerque Rosa Maria R Pereira Valéria F Caparbo Graziela R Ravacci Lucas Damiani Steven B Heymsfield Dan L Waitzberg | 2017 | World Journal of Hepatology2017，9，7： | 11 |
| 11 | 不同栽培环境下有机与常规蔬菜土壤的细菌群落多样性差异显示文摘土壤细菌群落在蔬菜栽培中发挥着重要作用。基于DNA和RNA水平,利用PCR-DGGE技术研究了不同栽培环境下有机与常规蔬菜土壤细菌群落多样性差异,以及土壤理化性质与细菌群落多样性的关系。结果表明:不同栽培方式下土壤细菌多样性存在明显差异,土壤微生物的优势种群和数量受有机、常规栽培和季节影响,有机栽培较之常规栽培能够显著增加土壤细菌群落多样性;聚类分析表明,16S rDNA细菌群落多样性与季节相关,而16S rRNA细菌群落多样性与栽培方式相关;差异条带测序显示,大多细菌与不可培养细菌种属有较高同源性,其余9种推测属于假单胞菌属;CCA分析说明pH是影响土壤细菌群落多样性的主要因素,有机栽培土壤中微生物生物量C、N以及有机质含量显著高于常规栽培土壤。综上,有机栽培能够丰富活性细菌群落多样性,具有土壤优化效应。 | 叶俊 Pablo Gonzalez Perez 王小丽 黄丹枫 | 2012 | 农业环境科学学报2012，31，4： | 10 |
| 12 | Epirubicin, oxaliplatin, and capecitabine with or without panitumumab for patients with previously untreated advanced oesophagogastric cancer (REAL3): a randomised, open-label phase 3 trial显示文摘 | Tom Waddell Ian Chau David Cunningham David Gonzalez Alicia Frances Clare Okines Andrew Wotherspoon Claire Saffery Gary Middleton Jonathan Wadsley David Ferry Wasat Mansoor Tom Crosby Fareeda Coxon David Smith Justin Waters Timothy Iveson Stephen Falk Sar | 2013 | Lancet Oncology2013，，6： | 10 |
| 13 | Understanding the function and dysfunction of the immune system in lung cancer: the role of immune checkpoints显示文摘Survival rates for metastatic lung cancer, including non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer(SCLC), are poor with 5-year survivals of less than 5%. The immune system has an intricate and complex relationship with tumorigenesis; a groundswell of research on the immune system is leading to greater understanding of how cancer progresses and presenting new ways to halt disease progress. Due to the extraordinary power of the immune system—with its capacity for memory, exquisite specificity and central and universal role in human biology—immunotherapy has the potential to achieve complete, long-lasting remissions and cures, with few side effects for any cancer patient, regardless of cancer type. As a result, a range of cancer therapies are under development that work by turning our own immune cells against tumors. However deeper understanding of the complexity of immunomodulation by tumors is key to the development of effective immunotherapies, especially in lung cancer. | Niki Karachaliou Maria Gonzalez Cao Cristina Teixidó Santiago Viteri Daniela Morales-Espinosa Mariacarmela Santarpia Rafael Rosell | 2015 | Cancer Biology & Medicine2015，12，2： | 10 |
| 14 | Risk Factors for Survival after Lung Metastasectomy in Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis显示文摘 | Michel Gonzalez Antoine Poncet Christophe Combescure John Robert Hans Beat Ris Pascal Gervaz | 2013 | Annals of Surgical Oncology2013，，2： | 9 |
| 15 | Medical treatment for sphincter of oddi dysfunction:Can it replace endoscopic sphincterotomy?显示文摘AIM:To report the results of a medical management of sphincter of oddi dysfunction(SOD) after an intermediate follow-up period.METHODS:A total of 59 patients with SOD(2 men and 57 women,mean age 51 years old) were included in this prospective study.After medical treatment for one year,the patients were clinically re-evaluated after an average period of 30 mo.RESULTS:The distribution of the patients according to the Milwaukee's classification was the following:11 patients were type 1,34 were type 2 and 14 were type 3.Fourteen patients underwent an endoscopic sphincterotomy(ES) after one year of medical treatment.The median intermediate follow-up period was 29.8 ± 3 mo(3-72 mo).The initial effectiveness of the medical treatment was complete,partial and poor among 50.8%,13.5% and 35%,respectively,of the patients.At the end of the follow-up period,37 patients(62.7%) showed more than 50% improvement.The rate of improvement in patients who required ES was not significantly different compared with the patients treated conservatively(64.2% vs 62.2%,respectively).CONCLUSION:Our study confirms that conservative medical treatment could be an alternative to endoscopic sphincterotomy because,after an intermediate follow-up period,the two treatments show the same success rates. | Véronique Vitton Salah Ezzedine Jean-Michel Gonzalez Mohamed Gasmi Jean-Charles Grimaud Marc Barthet | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，14： | 9 |
| 16 | 有机和常规生产模式下菜田土壤酶活性差异研究显示文摘通过对露地及温室环境下有机和常规蔬菜栽培土壤采样,测定分析了5种参与土壤碳氮循环的酶活性,及其与土壤相关理化性质之间的关系。结果显示:温室及露地土壤EC值在有机生产中相应低于常规生产12%和16%;有机生产土壤微生物碳氮含量显著高于常规生产;不同生产模式下土壤酶活性差异显著,有机生产土壤中的蛋白酶、脲酶、脱氢酶、β-葡糖苷酶活性高于常规生产,而硝酸还原酶活性较常规生产低;有机与常规栽培对蛋白酶活性影响极显著(P=0.006 8),对脲酶活性影响程度达显著水平(P=0.012 4)。除脱氢酶以外,不同栽培模式环境对土壤中另外4种酶活性均有显著影响,温室栽培环境中的蛋白酶、脲酶和硝酸还原酶活性高于露地。除硝酸还原酶外,其他4种酶活性与可溶性全氮、微生物碳、微生物氮相关系数达到显著水平。分析表明,土壤酶活性受到栽培方式以及环境的影响,并且有机生产能够提高参与土壤碳氮循环的酶活性。土壤蛋白酶、脲酶、脱氢酶和β-葡糖苷酶活性能够作为表征土壤碳氮循环以及微生物活性的指标。 | 叶俊 王小丽 Gonzalez Perez Pablo 刘晓嵩 黄丹枫 | 2012 | 中国生态农业学报2012，20，3： | 8 |
| 17 | Neuroprotective action of Ginkgo biloba on the enteric nervous system of diabetic rats显示文摘AIM: To investigate the effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on the enteric neurons in the small intestine of diabetic rats. METHODS: Fifteen Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control group (C), diabetic group (D) and diabetic-treated (DT) daily with EGb 761 extract (50 mg/kg body weight) for 120 d. The enteric neurons were identified by the myosin-V immunohistochemical technique. The neuronal density and the cell body area were also analyzed. RESULTS: There was a significant decrease in the neuronal population (myenteric plexus P = 0.0351; submucous plexus P = 0.0217) in both plexuses of the jejunum in group D when compared to group C. With regard to the ileum, there was a significant decrease (P = 0.0117) only in the myenteric plexus. The DT group showed preservation of the neuronal population in the jejunum submucous plexus and in the myenteric plexus in the ileum. The cell body area in group D increased significantly (P = 0.0001) in the myenteric plexus of both segments studied as well as in the ileum submucosal plexus, when compared to C. The treatment reduced (P = 0.0001) the cell body area of the submucosal neurons of both segments and the jejunum myenteric neurons. CONCLUSION: The purified Ginkgo biloba extract has a neuroprotective effect on the jejunum submucous plexus and the myenteric plexus of the ileum of diabetic rats. | Glasiella Gonzalez Perez da Silva Jacqueline Nelisis Zanoni Nilza Cristina Buttow | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，7： | 8 |
| 18 | Magnesium degradation under physiological conditions - Best practice显示文摘This review focusses on the application of physiological conditions for the mechanistic understanding of magnesium degradation.Despite the undisputed relevance of simplified laboratory setups for alloy screening purposes,realistic and predictive in vitro setups are needed.Due to the complexity of these systems,the review gives an overview about technical measures,defines some caveats and can be used as a guideline for the establishment of harmonized laboratory approaches. | Jorge Gonzalez Rui Qing Hou Eshwara P.S.Nidadavolu Regine Willumeit-Romer Frank Feyerabend | 2018 | Bioactive Materials2018，3，2： | 8 |
| 19 | Role of Arabidopsis UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8 in Plant Growth Reduction under Osmotic Stress and Low Levels of UV-B显示文摘在热点环境,植物暴露于压力的不同类型,例如触发普通 morphogenic 的 UV-B,而且 droughtstress 的过量适应反应导致植物生长的一般减小。这里,我们 reportthat Arabidopsis thaliana 紫外抵抗地点 8 (UVR8 ) 基因, UV-B morphogenic 反应的一个已知的管理者,能补充 Saccharomyces cerevisiae osmo 敏感的异种和它的表示在 Arabidopsis 植物在渗透或咸的应力以后被导致。在 UV-B 的底层下面,植物 overexpressing UVR8 与减少的根开发被相形见绌并且与控制植物相比积累更多的 flavonoids。生长 defectsare 主要由于细胞扩大的抑制。UVR8 overexpression 在 UV-B 的底层下面在植物触发的生长抑制被导致甘露糖醇的渗透的应力加重,但是它不是由离子的应力的 significantlyaffected。相反, uvr8-6 异种植物不在标准条件下面不同于野类型的植物,但是他们显示出一个增加的射击生长 underhigh 盐压力。我们的数据建议 flavonoid 并且可能的调停 UVR8 的累积在植物生长素 homeostasisare 改变观察生长显型的内在的机制并且 UVR8 可能为 integratingplant 生长和压力 signals.Key 词有一个重要角色: | Rossella Fasano Nathalie Gonzalez Alessandra Tosco Fabrizio Dal Piaz Teresa Docimo Ramon Serrano Stefania Grillo Antonella Leone Dirk Inze | 2014 | Molecular Plant2014，7，5： | 7 |
| 20 | Application of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: A review显示文摘Although artificial intelligence(AI)was initially developed many years ago,it has experienced spectacular advances over the last 10 years for application in the field of medicine,and is now used for diagnostic,therapeutic and prognostic purposes in almost all fields.Its application in the area of hepatology is especially relevant for the study of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),as this is a very common tumor,with particular radiological characteristics that allow its diagnosis without the need for a histological study.However,the interpretation and analysis of the resulting images is not always easy,in addition to which the images vary during the course of the disease,and prognosis and treatment response can be conditioned by multiple factors.The vast amount of data available lend themselves to study and analysis by AI in its various branches,such as deeplearning(DL)and machine learning(ML),which play a fundamental role in decision-making as well as overcoming the constraints involved in human evaluation.ML is a form of AI based on automated learning from a set of previously provided data and training in algorithms to organize and recognize patterns.DL is a more extensive form of learning that attempts to simulate the working of the human brain,using a lot more data and more complex algorithms.This review specifies the type of AI used by the various authors.However,welldesigned prospective studies are needed in order to avoid as far as possible any bias that may later affect the interpretability of the images and thereby limit the acceptance and application of these models in clinical practice.In addition,professionals now need to understand the true usefulness of these techniques,as well as their associated strengths and limitations. | Miguel Jimenez Perez Rocio Gonzalez Grande | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，37： | 7 |
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