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| 1 | Theoretical analyses and numerical experiments of variational assimilation for one-dimensional ocean temperature model with techniques in inverse problems显示文摘In the present work, the data assimilation problem in meteorology and physical oceanography is re-examined using the variational optimal control approaches in combination with regularization techniques in inverse problem. Here the estimations of the initial condition, boundary condition and model parameters are performed simultaneously in the framework of variational data assimilation. To overcome the difficulty of ill-posedness, especially for the model parameters distributed in space and time, an additional term is added into the cost functional as a stabilized functional. Numerical experiments show that even with noisy observations the initial conditions and model parameters are recovered to an acceptable degree of accuracy. | HUANG Sixun1,2, HAN Wei1 & WU Rongsheng2 1. P. O. Box 003, Nanjing 211101,China 2. Key Laboratory of Meso-Scale Severe Weather /MOE, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China Correspondence should be addressed to Huang Sixun | 2004 | Science China Earth Sciences2004，47，7： | 18 |
| 2 | Climate as the dominant control on C_3 and C_4 plant abundance in the Loess Plateau: Organic carbon isotope evidence from the last glacial-interglacial loess-soil sequences显示文摘Abundance of C3 and C4 photosynthesis plants can be inferred relatively from stable carbon isotopic composi-tion of organic matter in soils. The samples from five sequences of the last glacial-interglacial loess-soil in the Chinese Loess Plateau have been measured for organic carbon isotopic ratios (d 13Corg). The organic carbon isotope data show that relative abundance (or biomass) of C4 plants was increased ca. 40% for each sampling site from the last glacial maximum (LGM) to Holocene optimum, and increased southeastward on the Loess Plateau during both periods of LGM and Holocene. Statistic analyses on the steady maximum d 13Corg values of Holocene soils and modern climatic data from the Loess Plateau and Inner Mongolia indicate that the C4 plant abundance increases with increasing temperature and decreasing precipitation. The C4 plant abundance is related much closer with mean April tem-perature and precipitation than annual. These results lead us to deduce following conclusions. First, temperature is the major factor for control on variations in C4 plant abundance in the Loess Plateau from the last glacial to interglacial. In the absence of favorable temperature condition, both of low moisture and low atmospheric CO2 concentration are insufficient to drive an expansion of the C4 plants in the plateau. Second, d 13Corg in the loess-paleosol sequences, as a proxy of the relative abundance of C4 plants in the Loess Plateau, could not be used as an indicator of changes in the summer monsoon intensity unless the tem-perature had changed without great amplitude. Since all C4 plants are grasses, finally, the increase of the C4 plants supports that forest has not been dominant in the ecosystem on the Loess Plateau during Holocene although precipitation and atmospheric CO2 were largely increased relative to those during LGM. | GU Zhaoyan, LIU Qiang, XU Bing, HAN Jiamao, YANG Shiling, DING Zhongli & LIU Tungsheng Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China Correspondence should be addressed to Gu Zhaoyan (e-mail: zgu@ 95777.com) | 2003 | Chinese Science Bulletin2003，48，12： | 14 |
| 3 | MAP kinase specifically mediates the ABA-induced H_2O_2 generation in guard cells of Vicia faba L.显示文摘Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase is involved in ABA- or H2O2-signaling, and H2O2 acts as inter-mediate in the downstream of ABA signal transduction pathway, which has recently emerged as a secondary mes-senger of ABA signaling. Using an epidermal strip bioassay and laser scanning confocal microscope, we provided the first evidence that MAP kinase plays an important role in H2O2 signal initial, amplification and specific targeting in response to stimuli in guard cells. ABA- or H2O2-induced Vicia faba stomatal closure was inhibited or reversed by the specific inhibitor PD98059 of MEK1/2; the guard cells were pre-incubated or -microinjected by 10 mmol·L-1 PD98059, ABA could not enhance the fluorescence intensity of H2O2 probe dichlorofluorescein (DCF). Meanwhile, after ABA induced the H2O2 accumulation in guard cells, the exogenous or intracellular PD98059 could reduce the DCF fluorescence intensity. Most interestingly, on the contrary to ABA, the DCF fluorescence intensity of guard cells treated by 100 mmol·L-1 salicylic acid (SA) was not down-regulated by PD98059, yet PD98059 did not regulate the stomatal move-ment being induced by light, dark or salicylic acid. These results suggest that MEK1/2 could mediate stomatal closure by abolishing the ABA-induced H2O2 generation/accumula- tion in the specific manner. | JIANG Jing1,2, AN Guoyong1, WANG Pengcheng1, WANG Pengtao1, HAN Jinfeng2, JIA Yanbin1 & SONG Chunpeng1 1. College of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China 2. College of Agriculture Science, Henan Agriculture University, Zheng-zhou 450001, China Correspondence should be addressed to Song Chunpeng (e-mail: songcp @henu. edu.cn) | 2003 | Chinese Science Bulletin2003，48，18： | 10 |
| 4 | Discovery of double-peaking potassic volcanic rocks in Langshan Group of the Tanyaokou hydrothermal- sedimentary deposit, Inner Mongolia, and its indicating significance显示文摘It is revealed that the protolith of gray-light brown potash-feldspar-leucogranulites and granulites in the 2nd formation of the LG in Tanyaokou deposit are quartz kerotophyre of synsedimentary eruption based on the following facts and features: (1) The rocks look compact and homogeneous without obvious crystals with naked eyes; (2) they contain blastoporphyritic or glomeroporphyritic and blasto-crystalloclastic crystals consisting of quartz with wavy extinction and albite with obvious alteration and deformation; (3) they also contain radiated and fibrous blasto-microspherulitic texture and swallow-tailed bifurcate and blasto-hollow-skeleton crystal texture, representing the rapid cooling characteristic of the magma during submarine volcanic eruption; (4) the major chemical compositions of the rocks are: SiO2 = 70.80%―76.00%, K2O (4.83%―6.22%)>Na2O(2.78%―3.80%), and K2O+Na2O = 8.63%―9.00%; and (5) their petro-chemical diagrams indicate that they are volcanic rocks. Together with the characteristic that they occur in the same sequence with potassic spilite (SiO2 = 46.12%―50.68%, K2O = 4.23%―5.93%>Na2O = 2.15%―3.14%, K2O+Na2O = 6.51%―8.08%), it can be confirmed that the vol-canics occurring in the 2nd Formation of the LG in Tanyaokou district are double-peaking potas-sic volcanic rocks. The discovery, together with the tuffs with ore minerals and the distribution of lead isotopic as well as the value of Co/Ni of pyrites >1 showing the obvious endogenic metali-zation, can prove that the Tanyaokou deposit is an untypical SEDEX-type deposit formed in the extension fault basin in the Mesoproterozonic aulacogen of the northern margin of the North China Platform, and its metallogenesis is related to the synsedimentary volcanic activities and the hydrothermal exhalation, and both the ore-forming material source and volcanics came from mantle or lower crust. These facts mentioned above, together with the meta-volcanic rocks (double-peaking) found in the Dongshengmiao and Huogeqi districts and the host stratigraphic sequence of LG, can further prove that the Mesoproterozoic aulacogen of passive continental margin of Langshan-Zhaertaishan area had been unevenly expanded. This provides some in-formation and new approaches for the study on tectonic-hydrothermal events in Lang-shan-Zhaertaishan aulacogen and their evolutionary process, hydrothermal dynamical source, the relationship between the volcanic activities and the ore-forming process, the regional ore-forming regularity as well as for the correlation with the similar deposits abroad. | PENG Runmin1, ZHAI Yusheng1, WANG Zhigang2 & HAN Xuefeng2 1. Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Tectonics and Lithoprobing Technology, Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China 2. Inner Mongolia Geological Prospecting Institute, Ministry of Chemical Industry, Hohhot 010074, China Correspondences should be addressed to Peng Runmin | 2005 | Science China Earth Sciences2005，48，6： | 7 |
| 5 | Possible triggering of solar activity to big earthquakes (Ms ≥ 8) in faults with near west-east strike in China显示文摘This paper studies the relationship between solar activity and big earthquakes (Ms≥8) that occurred in China and western Mongolia. It is discovered that the occurrence dates of most of the big earthquakes in and near faults with west-east strike are close to the maximum years of sunspot numbers, whereas dates of some big earthquakes which are not in such faults are not close to the maximum years. We consider that it is possibly because of the appearance of many magnetic storms in the maximum years of solar activity. The magnetic storms result in anomalies of geomagnetic field and then produce eddy current in the faults gestating earthquake with near west-east strike. Perhaps the gestated big earthquakes occur easily since the eddy current heats the rocks in the faults and therefore decreases the shear resistant intensity and the static friction limit of the rocks . | HAN Yanben1, GUO Zengjian1,2, WU Jinbing1,2 & MA Lihua1 1. National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China 2. Earthquake Research Institute of Lanzhou, CSB, Lanzhou 73000, China Correspondence should be addressed to Han Yanben (email: hyb@bao.ac.cn) | 2004 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2004，47，2： | 6 |
| 6 | Effects of Hydrogen on Behaviour of Low Cycle Fatigue of 2.25Cr-1Mo Steel显示文摘The effects of hydrogen atoms on behaviour of low cycle fatigue of 2.25Cr-1Mo steel have been investigated in present work. The results indicate that the cyclic softening rate and low cycle fatigue life are respectively increased and reduced remarkably by hydrogen atoms. In addition, hydrogen atoms make the original stress amplitude of low cycle fatigue increase, which is because of the drag effect of hydrogen atoms on the moving dislocations. Analyses using electron microscopy show that hydrogen atoms accelerate crack initiation of low cycle fatigue from inclusion and transfer the source of low cycle fatigue crack from the surface of specimen to the inclusion, which results in the marked decrease of low cycle fatigue life. The increase of cyclic softening rate for hydrogen charged specimen is due to hydrogen atoms accelerating the initiating and growing of microvoids from the secondary phase particles in the steel. The reducing of the drag effect of hydrogen atoms on moving dislocations is also helpful to the increase of the cyclic softening rate. | Guangwei HAN and Di FENG (Central Iron & Steel Research Institute, Beijing, 100081, China)(To whom correspondence should be addressed)Yujiu SONG(Dept. of Mater. Sci. & Eng., Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China) | 1995 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology1995，11，5： | 5 |
| 7 | Cloning and expression pattern of a dehydrin-like BDNI gene from drought-tolerant Boea crassifolia Hemsl.显示文摘A 500-bp cDNA fragment was amplified via RT-PCR from drought-induced total RNA of the drought-tolerant B. crassifolia Hemsl. using primers based on the sequence of published dehydrin conserved region. By using 5’ RACE, full-length coding region (1 148 bp) of BDN1 gene was produced. It is a new member of the dehydrin gene family. Southern analysis indicated that BDN1 is present in the 6. crassifolia genome as a single-copy gene. Northern analysis revealed that its expression is inducible by drought and cold stresses as well as ABA application. | ZHAO Huiwu, LIU Han, YU Haiyuan, HU Yuanlei, GAO Yin, LI Zhenyu & LIN ZhongpingNational Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Plant Genetic Engineering , Peking University, Beijing 100871, China Botanical Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China Correspondence should be addressed to Lin Zhongping | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，22： | 3 |
| 8 | Doubly contracted CI method and applications显示文摘Based on the hole-particle correspondence an approximate so-called doubly con-tracted CI scheme is proposed. Examples calculated based on the doubly contracted CI (DCCI) scheme show that the number of configurations after contraction is reduced by three orders of magnitude, and the computation time is reduced by an order of magnitude. The examples also show that compared with experiments the DCCI and uncontracted CI have similar and reason-able accuracy to some spectroscopic parameter. | WANG Yubin1, HAN Huixian1, ZHAI Gaohong2 ,SUO Bin1 & WEN Zheny1,2 1. Institute of Modern Physics, Northwest University, Xian 710069, China 2. Laboratory of Physico-Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Northwest University, Xian 710069,China Correspondence should be addressed to Wen Zhenyi | 2004 | Science China Chemistry2004，47，4： | 3 |
| 9 | Perceived risk as a barrier to appropriate diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome显示文摘AIM:To evaluate perceived risk,diagnostic testing,and acceptance of a diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)among the Korean laypersons.METHODS:We designed a conceptual framework to evaluate the health-seeking behavior of subjects based on a knowledge,attitude,and practice model.We developed a vignette-based questionnaire about IBS based on a literature review and focused group interviews.The vignette described a 40-year-old woman who meets the RomeⅢcriteria for IBS without red-flag signs.It was followed by questions about demographic characteristics,health behaviors,IBS symptoms,risk perception,perceived need for diagnostic tests,and acceptance of a positive diagnosis of IBS.Weplanned a nationwide survey targeting laypersons without IBS and between the ages of 20 and 69 years.Survey participants were selected by quota sampling stratified by gender,age,and nationwide location.A multivariate logistic model was constructed based on literature reviews,univariate analysis,and a stepwise selection method to investigate correlations between the perceived risk,need for diagnostic tests,and acceptance of a positive diagnosis.RESULTS:Of 2354 eligible households,1000 subjects completed the survey and 983 subjects were analyzed,excluding those who met symptom criteria for IBS.After reading the IBS vignette,the majority of subjects(86.8%)responded that the patient was at increased risk of severe disease.The most frequent concern was colon cancer(59.8%),followed by surgical condition(51.5%).Most subjects responded the patient needs diagnostic tests(97.2%).Colonoscopy was the most commonly required test(79.5%).Less than half of the respondents requested a stool examination(45.0%),blood test(40.7%),abdominal ultrasound(36.0%),or computed tomography(20.2%).The subjects who felt increased risk were more likely to see a need for colonoscopy[adjusted odds ratio(a OR)=2.10,95%CI:1.38-3.18].When asked about the positive diagnosis,the most frequent response was that'the patient would not be reassured'(65.7%).The increased risk perception group was less likely to be reassured by a positive diagnosis of IBS,compared to the other respondents(a OR=0.52,95%CI:0.34-0.78).CONCLUSION:For IBS diagnosis,increased risk perception is a possible barrier to the appropriate use of diagnostic tests and to the patient’s acceptance of a positive diagnosis. | Eunmi Ahn Ki Young Son Dong Wook Shin Min Kyu Han Hyejin Lee Ah Reum An Eun Ho Kim Be Long Cho | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，48： | 2 |
| 10 | Different patterns of agonist-induced modulation of α_(1B)-adrenoceptor density at different initial expression levels显示文摘We compared the norepinephrine (NE) induced α1B-adrenoceptor (α1B-AR) expression modulation between two transfected human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cell lines in which α1B-AR densities were (6 336 ±913) and (773±164) fmol · mg -1, respectively. Treatment of cells with NE (10 μmol · L1) for 48 h decreased high-level expressed α1B-AR density, but increased low-level expressed α1B-AR density. The protein kinase C inhibitor Calphostin C or Ro-31-8220 reversed, and its activator PMA mimicked the NE-induced down-regulation of high-level expressed α1B-AR. Moreover, PMA induced a down-regulation of low-level expressed α1B-AR. The endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) and the calcium chelator BAPTA/AM did not affect the down-regulation of high-level expressed α1B-AR, but inhibited the up-regulation of low-level expression α1B-AR induced by NE. These results suggest that α1B-adrenoceptor densities at different initial expression levels are differentially regulated | LEI Beilei & HAN QideInstitute of Vascular Medicine, The Third Hospital, Beijing Medical University, Beijing 100083, China Correspondence should be addressed to Han Qide | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，17： | 1 |
| 11 | An implicit Landweber method for nonlinear ill-posed operator equations显示文摘 | WANG Wei HAN Be | 2009 | Journal of Computational and Ap- plied Mathematics2009，230，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Human metapneumovirus infec- tion in hospitalized children with acute respiratory disease in Korea显示文摘 | Chung JY Han TH Kim BE | 2006 | J Korean Med Sci2006，21，5： | 1 |
| 13 | Medium-chain oil reduces fat mass and down-regulates expression of adipogenic genes in rats显示文摘 | Han J Hamilton JA Kirkland JL Corkey BE Guo W | 2003 | Obes Res2003，11，6： | 1 |
| 14 | Compliant blades for wind turbines 显示文摘 | Andrew T Lee BE (Hans) | 1999 | IPENZ Transation1999，26，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Endoscopic management of biliary leaks after Ttube removal in liver transplant recipients: nasobiliary drainage versus biliary stenting显示文摘 | Saab S Martin P Soliman GY Machicado GA Roth BE Kunder G Han SH Farmer DG Ghobrial RM Busuttil RW Bedford RA | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 16 | Network function vir- tualization: challenges and opportunities for innovations 显示文摘 | Han Be Gopalakrishnan V Ji Lusheng | 2015 | IEEE Communications Magazine2015，53，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Vitamin D deficiency may pregnancy losses by increasing cellular immunity and autoimmunity显示文摘 | Ota K Dambaeva S Han AR be a risk factor for recurrent | 2014 | Hum Reprod2014，29，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Aligning DNA on Si surface and cutting off by tips of atomic force microscope显示文摘DNA is a kind of promising molecule as nano-lead to build or connect nano-devices due to its stable linear structure and certain conductivity. Many methods have been applied to constructing nano-patterns by using DNA molecule. In this report it is presented that l-DNA was aligned on Si substrate by using the free-flowing method and then imaged by an atomic force microscope (AFM). After the second liquid flow, a catenary-like pattern and a crossed network of l-DNA were formed. In addition, the alignedl-DNA was successfully cut off by tips of AFM. | LI Hui & HAN Baoshan Institute of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Magnetism, ChineseAcademy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China Correspondence should be addressed to Han Baoshan (e-mail: bhan@aphy.iphy.ac.cn | 2003 | Chinese Science Bulletin2003，48，8： | 1 |
| 19 | Expression of human 'letdwcyte antigen G is associated with prognosis in naso?pPlaryrrgeiiJ carcinoma显示文摘 | CAl M B HAN H Q BE | 2012 | IntJ BioI Sci2012，8，6： | 1 |
| 20 | The screening and identification of endogenous retrovirus free CEMPs显示文摘The provirus DNA sequence of porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) distributed in the pig genome is the major obstacle that restricts the swine as the organ donors in xenotransplantation, and the copy number of PERV varies greatly among different breeds and individuals. In the experiment, 67 healthy, female Chinese Experimental Mini-Pigs (CEMPs) aged at 3—6 months were selected from the Animal Husbandry Station of China Agricultural University, the copy number of PERV and types of envelope protein gene (env) were then investigated by means of PCR analysis and Southern blotting. It is showed that the distribution of types of envelope protein gene in Landrace and CEMPs makes little difference, but the proportion of individuals carrying two types of envelope protein gene (env-A and env-B, which is de- noted as env-AB) is much larger than those which carry only one type of envelope protein gene (env-A or env-B). Meanwhile, two endogenous retrovirus free pigs were found for the first time during our research, and the copy number of others is relatively low, which is about 10 to 20. All the results illuminate the genetic diversity of indigenous pig breeds in China and the potential of CEMPs to serve as organ donors in xenotransplantation. | LU Quanzhi1,3, HAN Hongbing1,3, LIAN Zhengxing1,3, LI Ning2,3, ZHANG Qingcai1, ZHAO Zili4, PEI Dezhi1, ZHANG Xiaolan1 & WU Changxin1 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China 2. State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Beijing 100094, China 3. Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100094, China 4. Sangzi Hu Pig Breeding Farm, Hubei 434010, China Correspondence should be addressed to Lian Zhengxing | 2004 | Science China(Life Sciences)2004，47，6： | 0 |
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