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| 1 | 全球药物滥用的疾病负担:来自2010年全球疾病负担研究显示文摘背景:直到目前还没有研究者系统地估计过全球及区域性的苯丙胺类、大麻、可卡因和阿片类药物依赖的患病率及其造成的疾病负担。我们旨在用伤残损失寿命年(YLDs)、过早死亡损失寿命年(YLLs)和伤残调整寿命年(DALYs)来估计药物依赖的患病率和其造成的疾病负担。方法:采用贝叶斯Meta回归的方法(Dis Mod-MR)对药物依赖的流行病学研究及2010年全球疾病、伤害及危险因素负担研究(GBD 2010)进行了系统综述,估计人群水平的药物依赖患病率。GBD 2010通过代表性社区调查和基于互联网的调查计算出新的失能权重。我们把估计的药物依赖患病率和新的失能权重结合起来估算药物依赖导致的YLDs、YLLs、DALYs和其作为相关疾病危险因素时导致的YLDs、YLLs和DALYs。结果:2010年,药物依赖直接造成了2千万的DALYs(95%UI(不确定区间)1.3-2.54千万),占全球全因DALYs的0.8%(0.6%-1.0%)。世界范围内,相比于其他药物,越来越多的人依赖于阿片类和苯丙胺类药物。阿片类药物依赖直接造成的疾病负担最大(DALYs为920万,95%UI为710-1140万)。在某些地区,药物依赖导致的DALYs所占比例比其他地区高出20倍,收入越高的国家药物依赖造成的负担所占比例也越高。注射吸毒所致HIV感染造成210万的DALYs(95%UI 110-360万),所致HCV感染导致50.2万的DALYs(95%UI 28.6-89.1万)。苯丙胺类药物依赖所致自杀造成85.4万的DALYs(95%UI 29.1-179.1万),阿片类药物依赖所致自杀造成67.1万的DALYs(95%UI 32.9-173.0万),可卡因依赖所致自杀造成32.4万的DALYs(95%UI 10.9-68.2万)。药物依赖导致的疾病负担最高的国家(>650 DALYs/10万人)包括美国,英国,俄罗斯和澳大利亚。结论:药物滥用是造成全球疾病负担的一个重要因素。为减少人群水平的疾病负担,我们需采取有效的措施(比如给予阿片类药物依赖者替代治疗及针具交换等)降低阿片类药物依赖和注射吸毒导致的疾病负担。 | 王同瑜 Degenhardt L Whiteford HA Ferrari AJ Baxter AJ Charlson FJ Hall WD Freedman G Burstein R Johns Engell RE Flaxman A Murray CJ Vos T | 2015 | 中国药物依赖性杂志2015，24，6： | 3 |
| 2 | Age at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk factor profile:A pooled analysis显示文摘BACKGROUND The diagnosis of type 2 diabetes(T2D)in younger adults,an increasingly common public health issue,is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular complications and mortality,which may be due to a more adverse cardiovascular risk profile in individuals diagnosed at a younger age.AIM To investigate the association between age at diagnosis and the cardiovascular risk profile in adults with T2D.METHODS A pooled dataset was used,comprised of data from five previous studies of adults with T2D,including 1409 participants of whom 196 were diagnosed with T2D under the age of 40 years.Anthropometric and blood biomarker measurements included body weight,body mass index(BMI),waist circumference,body fat percentage,glycaemic control(HbA1c),lipid profile and blood pressure.Univariable and multivariable linear regression models,adjusted for diabetes duration,sex,ethnicity and smoking status,were used to investigate the association between age at diagnosis and each cardiovascular risk factor.RESULTS A higher proportion of participants diagnosed with T2D under the age of 40 were female,current smokers and treated with glucose-lowering medications,compared to participants diagnosed later in life.Participants diagnosed with T2D under the age of 40 also had higher body weight,BMI,waist circumference and body fat percentage,in addition to a more adverse lipid profile,compared to participants diagnosed at an older age.Modelling results showed that each one year reduction in age at diagnosis was significantly associated with 0.67 kg higher body weight[95%confidence interval(CI):0.52-0.82 kg],0.18 kg/m^(2) higher BMI(95%CI:0.10-0.25)and 0.32 cm higher waist circumference(95%CI:0.14-0.49),after adjustment for duration of diabetes and other confounders.Younger age at diagnosis was also significantly associated with higher HbA1c,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides.CONCLUSION The diagnosis of T2D earlier in life is associated with a worse cardiovascular risk factor profile,compared to those diagnosed later in life. | Mary M Barker Francesco Zaccardi Emer M Brady Gaurav S Gulsin Andrew P Hall Joseph Henson Zin ZinHtike Kamlesh Khunti Gerald P McCann Emma L Redman David R Webb Emma G Wilmot Tom Yates Jian Yeo Melanie J Davies Jack A Sargeant | 2022 | World Journal of Diabetes2022，13，3： | 2 |
| 3 | Role of sediment composition in tracemetal distribution in lake sediments显示文摘 | Blilali L El Rasmussen P E Hall G E M | 2002 | Applied Geochemistry2002，17，： | 1 |
| 4 | Effect of luteinizing hormone deprivation in situ on steroidogenesis of rat Leydig cells purified by a multi step procedure 显示文摘 | Klinefelter G R Hall P F Ewing L L | 1987 | Biol Reprod1987，36，3： | 1 |
| 5 | Hermite-sinusoi- dal-Gaussian beams in complex optical systems显示文摘 | L W Casperson D G Hall A A Tovar | 1998 | JOSA A1998，15，4： | 1 |
| 6 | The use of partial extraction geochemistry for copper esploration in northern Chile显示文摘 | Kelley D L Hall G E M Graham Closs L | 2003 | Geochemistry: Exploration Environment Analysis2003，3，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Chemical fluxes and mass balances in a marine fish cage farm Carbon显示文摘 | HALL P O ANDERSON L G HOLBY O at al | 1990 | Mar Eco Prog Ser1990，61，： | 1 |
| 8 | Resolution and assignment of the 270-MHz proton spectrum of ceUobiose by homo- and heteronuclear two-dimensional NMR 显示文摘 | HALL L D MORRIS G A SUKUMAR S | 1980 | Journal of the American Chemical Society1980，102，5： | 1 |
| 9 | Health-related quality of life measurement in women with polycystic ovary syndrome:a systematic review显示文摘 | Jones G L Hall J M Balen A H | 2008 | Hum Reprod Update2008，14，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Behavioral evidence for a female-produced sex attractant in Diaphorina citri显示文摘 | Wenninger E J Stelinski L L Hall D G | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 11 | Accumulation and marine forcing of ice dynamics in the western Ross Sea during the last deglaciation显示文摘 | Hall B L Denton G H Heath S L | 2015 | Nature Geoscience2015，8，8： | 1 |
| 12 | Role of sediment composition in trace metal distribution in lake sediments显示文摘 | Bilali L E Rasmussen P E Hall G E M | 2002 | Applied Geochemistry2002，17，： | 1 |
| 13 | Scaffold attachment regions increase reporter gene expression in stably transformed plant cells显示文摘 | Allen G C Hall G E Childs L C | 1993 | Plant Cell1993，5，： | 1 |
| 14 | SATURN :a simulation/assignment model for the evaluation of traffic management schemes 显示文摘 | Hall M D Van Vliet D Willumsen L G | 1980 | Traffic Engineering and Control1980，21，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Piperidine-derived gamma-secretase modulators 显示文摘 | HALL A ELLIOTT R L GIBLIN G M | 2010 | Bioorg Med Chem Lett2010，20，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Pilot scale lactic acidfermentation of shrimp wastes for chitinrecovery 显示文摘 | Cira L A Huerta S Hall G M | 2002 | Process Biochemistry2002，37，： | 1 |
| 17 | Human platelet antigen allele frequencies in different Algerian populations显示文摘 | Brouk H Halle L Bertrand G | | 0，，6： | 1 |
| 18 | Use of standardized pa- tients to enhance a psychiatry clerkship显示文摘 | Hall MJ Adamo G McCurry L | 2004 | Aead Med2004，79，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Asian cit,-us psyllid, Diaphorina citri, vector of citrus huanglongbing dis- ease显示文摘 | Hall D G Richardson M L Ammar E D el al | 2013 | Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata2013，146，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Mechanisms of circulatory and intestinal barrier dysfunction during whole body hyperthermia 显示文摘 | Hall D M Buettner G R Oberley L W | 2001 | American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology2001，49，2： | 1 |
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