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| 1 | Levels and trends of poly-and perfluoroalkyl substances in the Arctic environment-An update显示文摘Poly-and perfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)are important environmental contaminants globally and in the early 2000s they were shown to be ubiquitous contaminants in Arctic wildlife.Previous reviews by Butt et al.and Letcher et al.have covered studies on levels and trends of PFASs in the Arctic that were available to 2009.The purpose of this review is to focus on more recent work,generally published between 2009 and 2018,with emphasis on PFASs of emerging concern such as perfluoroalkyl carboxylates(PFCAs)and short-chain perfluoroalkyl sulfonates(PFSAs)and their precursors.Atmospheric measurements over the period 2006e2014 have shown that fluorotelomer alcohols(FTOHs)as well as perfluorobutanoic acid(PFBA)and perfluoroctanoic acid(PFOA)are the most prominent PFASs in the arctic atmosphere,all with increasing concentrations at Alert although PFOA concentrations declined at the Zeppelin Station(Svalbard).Results from ice cores show generally increasing deposition of PFCAs on the Devon Ice cap in the Canadian arctic while declining fluxes were found in a glacier on Svalbard.An extensive dataset exists for long-term trends of long-chain PFCAs that have been reported in Arctic biota with some datasets including archived samples from the 1970s and 1980s.Trends in PFCAs over time vary among the same species across the North American Arctic,East and West Greenland,and Svalbard.Most long term time series show a decline from higher concentrations in the early 2000s.However there have been recent(post 2010)increasing trends of PFCAs in ringed seals in the Canadian Arctic,East Greenland polar bears and in arctic foxes in Svalbard.Annual biological sampling is helping to determine these relatively short term changes.Rising levels of some PFCAs have been explained by continued emissions of long-chain PFCAs and/or their precursors and inflows to the Arctic Ocean,especially from the North Atlantic.While the effectiveness of biological sampling for temporal trends in long-chain PFCAs and PFSAs has been demonstrated,this does not apply to the C4eC8ePFCAs,perfluorobutane sulfonamide(FBSA),or perfluorobutane sulfonate(PFBS)which are generally present at low concentrations in biota.In addition to air sampling,sampling abiotic media such as glacial cores,and annual sampling of lake waters and seawater would appear to be the best approaches for investigating trends in the less bioaccumulative PFASs. | Derek Muir Rossana Bossi Pernilla Carlsson Marlene Evans Amila De Silva Crispin Halsall Cassandra Rauert Dorte Herzke Hayley Hung Robert Letcher Frank Riget Anna Roos | 2019 | Emerging Contaminants2019，5，1： | 3 |
| 2 | Photodegradation of hydroxyfluorenes in ice and water: A comparison of kinetics, effects of water constituents, and phototransformation by-products显示文摘The photochemical behavior of organic pollutants in ice is poorly studied in comparison to aqueous photochemistry.Here we report a detailed comparison of ice and aqueous photodegradation of two representative OH-PAHs,2-hydroxyfluorene(2-OHFL)and 9-hydroxyfluorene(9-OHFL),which are newly recognized contaminants in the wider environment including colder regions.Interestingly,their photodegradation kinetics were clearly influenced by whether they reside in ice or water.Under the same simulated solar irradiation(λ>290 nm),OHFLs photodegraded faster in ice than in equivalent aqueous solutions and this was attributed to the specific concentration effect caused by freezing.Furthermore,the presence of dissolved constituents in ice also influenced photodegradation with 2-OHFL phototransforming the fastest in‘seawater’ice(k=(11.4±1.0)×10^(−2) min^(−1))followed by‘pure-water’ice((8.7±0.4)×10^(−2) min^(−1))and‘freshwater’ice((8.0±0.7)×10^(−2) min^(−1)).The presence of dissolved constituents(specifically Cl^(−),NO_(3)^(−),Fe(Ⅲ)and humic acid)influences the phototransformation kinetics,either enhancing or suppressing phototransformation,but this is based on the quantity of the constituent present in the matrixes,the specific OHFL isomer and the matrix type(e.g.,ice or aqueous solution).Careful derivation of key photointermediates was undertaken in both ice and water samples using tandem mass spectrometry.Ice phototransformation exhibited fewer by-products and‘simpler’pathways giving rise to a range of hydroxylated fluorenes and hydroxylated fluorenones in ice.These results are of importance when considering the fate of PAHs and OH-PAHs in cold regions and their persistence in sunlit ice. | Linke Ge Shengkai Cao Crispin Halsall Junfeng Niu Dongxiao Bai Guangkai He Peng Zhang Hongrui Ma | 2023 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2023，，2： | 2 |
| 3 | Estimation of pKa values using microchip capillary electrophoresis and indirect fluorescence detection显示文摘 | CURRIE CA HEINEMAN WR HALSALL HB | 2005 | J Chromatogr B2005，824，12： | 1 |
| 4 | Polychlorinated naphthalenes in air and snow in the Norwegian Arctic: a local source or an Eastern Arctic phenomenon? 显示文摘 | Herbert B M J Halsall C J Villa S | 2005 | Science of the Environment2005，342，： | 1 |
| 5 | Electrochemical enzyme immunoassay for phenytoin by flowinjection analysis incorporating a redox coupling agent 显示文摘 | Tang H T Halsall H B Heineman W R | 1991 | Clinical Chemistry1991，37，2： | 1 |
| 6 | Far-infrared absorption studies of Be acceptors in δ-doped GaAs/AlAs multiple quantum wells显示文摘We report a far-infrared absorption study of internal transitions of shallow Be acceptors in both bulk GaAs and a series of δ-doped GaAs/AlAs multiple quantum well samples with well thicknesses of 20,15 and 10 nm. Low temperature far-infrared absorp-tion measurements clearly show three principal absorption lines due to transitions of Be-acceptor states from the ground state to the first three odd-parity excited states,respec-tively. Using a variational principle,the 2p-1s transition energies of quantum confined Be acceptors are calculated as a function of the well width. It is found that the theoretical calculation of the 2pz → 1s transitions is in good agreement with the D-like line experi-mental data. | M. P. Halsall P. Harrison M. J. Steer | 2006 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2006，49，6： | 1 |
| 7 | Influence of cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 polymorphisms on warfarin sensitivity and risk of over-anticoagulation in patients on long-term treatment 显示文摘 | Taube J Halsall D Baglin T | 2000 | Blood2000，96，5： | 1 |
| 8 | Recognizing and managing a malignant hyperthermia crisis: guidelines from the European Malignant Hyperthermia Group 显示文摘 | Glahn K_P Ellis FR Halsall PJ | 2010 | Br J Anaesth2010，105，4： | 1 |
| 9 | Estimation of log Pow values for neutral and basic compounds by microchip microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography with indirect fluorimetric detection (MEEKC-IFD) 显示文摘 | TU J HALSALL HB SELISKAR C J | 2005 | J Pharm Biomed Anal2005，388，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in UK urban air 显示文摘 | Halsall C J Coleman P J Davis B J | 1994 | Environmental Science and Technology1994，28，： | 1 |
| 11 | Growth and Characterization of Relaxed Epilayers of InGaAs on GaAs 显示文摘 | Dunstan D J Halsall M P Lancefield D | 1993 | Journal of Crystal Growth1993，126，： | 1 |
| 12 | Investigation into the deformation of carbon nanotubes and their composites through the use of Raman spectroscopy 显示文摘 | Cooper C A Young R J Halsall M | 2001 | Composites ( Part A )2001，32，： | 1 |
| 13 | Heterogeneous EIA with Electrochemical Detection 显示文摘 | Halsall H B Heineaman W R | 1986 | Clin Chem1986，31，9： | 1 |
| 14 | Temperature dependence of PCBs in the UK atmosphere显示文摘 | Gevao B Howsam M | 1999 | Environ Sci Technol1999，33，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Polychlorinatedbiphenyls (PCBs)in the British environment:Sinks,sources and temporal trends显示文摘 | Harrad S J Sewart A P Alcock R Boumphrey R Burnett V Davidson R D Halsall C Sanders G Waterhouse K | 1994 | Environmental Pollution1994，85，： | 1 |
| 16 | Investigation into the deformation of carbon nanotubes and their composites through the use of raman spectroscopy显示文摘 | COOPER C A YOUNG R J HALSALL M | 2001 | Composites Part A2001，32，3： | 1 |
| 17 | The relation between perfectionism and distress : Hassles, coping, and perceived social support as media- tors and moderators显示文摘 | David M D Kirk R B Halsall J | 2000 | Journal of Counseling Psychology2000，47，4： | 1 |
| 18 | LC/MS analysis of complex multiglycosylated human alpha (1)-acid glycoprotein as a model for developing identification and quantitation methods for intact glycopeptide analysis显示文摘 | IVANCIC M M GADGIL H S HALSALL H B | 2010 | Anal Biochem2010，400，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Influence of cytochrome P-450CYP2C9 polymorphisms on warfarin sensitivity and riskof over-anticoagulation in patients on long-term treatment显示文摘 | Taube J Halsall D Bagl T | 2000 | Blood2000，96，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Indium-extraction from lead, zinc and tin circuits显示文摘 | Halsall P | 1988 | Transactions of the Institution of Mining Metallurgy Section C1988，99，： | 1 |
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