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| 1 | Protective action of glutamine in rats with severe acute liver failure显示文摘BACKGROUND Severe acute liver failure(SALF) is a rare, but high-mortality, rapidly evolving syndrome that leads to hepatocyte degeneration with impaired liver function.Thioacetamide(TAA) is a known xenobiotic, which promotes the increase of the formation of reactive oxygen species. Erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2) activates the antioxidant protection of cells. Studies have evidenced the involvement of inflammatory mediators in conditions of oxidative stress.AIM To evaluate the antioxidant effects of glutamine on Nrf2 activation and NFκBmediated inflammation in rats with TAA-induced IHAG.METHODS Male Wistar rats(n = 28) were divided into four groups: control,control+glutamine, TAA, and TAA + glutamine. Two TAA doses(400 mg/kg)were administered intraperitoneally, 8 h apart. Glutamine(25 mg/kg) was administered at 30 min, 24 h, and 36 h. At 48 h, blood was collected for liver integrity analysis [aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)]. The liver was harvested for histology and assessment of oxidative stress [thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances(TBARS), catalase(CAT), glutathione peroxidase(GPx), glutathione S-transferase(GST), glutathione(GSH), Nrf2, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1(Keap1),NADPH quinone oxidoreductase1(NQO1), superoxide dismutase(SOD)] and inflammatory process.RESULTS TAA caused disruption of the hepatic parenchyma, with inflammatoryinfiltration, massive necrosis, and ballooning degeneration. Glutamine mitigated this tissue damage, with visible regeneration of hepatic parenchyma; decreased TBARS(P < 0.001), GSH(P < 0.01), IL-1β, IL6, and TNFα levels(P <0.01) in hepatic tissue; and decreased blood levels of AST, ALT, and ALP(P <0.05). In addition, CAT, GPx, and GST activities were restored in the glutamine group(P<0.01, P <0.01, and P <0.001, respectively vs TAA alone). Glutamine increased expression of Nrf2(P < 0.05), NQO1, and SOD(P < 0.01), as well as levels of IL-10(P <0.001), while decreasing expression of Keap1, TLR4, NFκB(P < 0.001), COX-2 and iNOS,(P < 0.01), and reducing NO_2 and NO_3 levels(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION In the TAA experimental model of IHAG, glutamine activated the Nrf2 pathway,thus promoting antioxidant protection, and blunted the NFκB-mediated pathway, reducing inflammation. | Elizangela G Schemitt Renata M Hartmann Josieli R Colares Francielli Licks Jéferson O Salvi Cláudio A Marroni Norma P Marroni | 2019 | World Journal of Hepatology2019，11，3： | 5 |
| 2 | Different effects of a CD14 gene polymorphism on disease outcome in patients with alcoholic liver disease and chronic hepatitis C infection显示文摘AIM: Clinical and experimental data suggest that gut-derived endotoxins are an important pathogenic factors for progression of chronic liver disease. Recently, a C-T (-159)polymorphism in the promoter region of the CD14 gene was detected and found to confer increased CD14 expression and to be associated with advanced alcoholic liver damage. Here, we investigated this polymorphism in patients with less advanced alcoholic liver disease (ALD)and chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.METHODS: CD14 genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP analysis in (a) 121 HCV patients, (b) 62 patients with alcohol-associated cirrhosis (Alc-Ci), (c) 118 individuals with heavy alcohol abuse without evidence of advanced liver damage (Alc-w/o Ci), and (d) 247 healthy controls.Furthermore, serum levels of soluble CD14 (sCD14) and transaminases were determined.RESULTS: The TT genotype was significantly more frequent in Alc-Ci compared to Alc-w/o Ci or controls (40.3% vs 23.7% or 24.0%, respectively). In Alc-w/o Ci,serum levels of transaminases did not differ significantly between patients with different CD14 genotypes. In HCV patients, TT-homozygotes had significantly higher sCD14 levels and sCD14 serum levels were significantly higher in patients with advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis. However,no association was found between CD14 genotypes and histological staging or grading.CONCLUSION: Considering serum transaminases as surrogate markers for alcoholic liver damage, the CD14 polymorphism seems to exhibit different effects during the course of ALD. Differences in genotype distribution between cirrhotic HCV patients and alcoholics and the known functional impact of this polymorphism on CD14 expression levels further indicate differences in the pathophysiological role of CD14 and CD14-mediated lipopolysaccharides signal transduction with regard to the stage as well as the type of the underlying liver disease. | C Meiler M Mühlbauer M Johann A Hartmann B Schnabl N Wodarz G Schmitz J Schlmerich C Hellerbrand | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，38： | 3 |
| 3 | Reduction of the bacterial load by the saver-coated endotracheal tube(SCET):a laboratory investigation显示文摘 | Hartmann M Guttmann J Muller B | 1999 | Technol Health Care1999，7，5： | 1 |
| 4 | Protection or nonprotection in carotid stent angioplasty: the influence of inteentional techniques on outcome data from the SPACE Trial显示文摘 | Jansen O Fiehler J Hartmann M | 2009 | Stroke2009，40，3： | 1 |
| 5 | Monitoring response to imatinib using MRI signals in aggressive fibromatosis显示文摘 | SAUTER A W HARTMANN J T HORGER M S | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 6 | Inhibition of Toll-like receptor 7- and 9- mediated alpha/beta interferon production in human plasmacytoid dendritic cells by respiratory syncytial virus and measles virus 显示文摘 | Schlender J Hornung V Finke S Gfinthner-Biller M Marozin S Brz6zka K Moghim S Endres S Hartmann G Conzelmann KK | 2005 | J Virol2005，79，9： | 1 |
| 7 | Effects of lipopoly- saccharide-stimulated inflammation and pyrazole-mediated hepa- tocellular injury on mouse hepatic CYP2A5 expression显示文摘 | Gilmore W J Hartmann G Piquette-Miller M | 2003 | Toxicol- ogy2003，，184： | 1 |
| 8 | Preparation and characterization of chitosan-based nanoparticles显示文摘 | Bodnar M Hartmann J F Borbely J | 2005 | Biomacromolecules2005，6，5： | 1 |
| 9 | Introduction of enteral food increases plasma GLP-2 and decreases GLP-2 receptor mRNA abundance during pig development 显示文摘 | PETERSEN Y M HARTMANN B HOLST J J | 2003 | Journal of Nutrition2003，133，6： | 1 |
| 10 | Synthesis and characterization of CoSBA-1 cubic mesoporous molecular sieves显示文摘 | VINU A DEDEEK J MURUGESAN V HARTMANN M | 2002 | Chemistry of Materials2002，14，6： | 1 |
| 11 | Ectopic origin of bronchial arteries: assessment with multidetetor helical CT angiog- raphy 显示文摘 | Hartmann I J Remy-Jardin M Menchini L | 2007 | Eur Radiol2007，17，8： | 1 |
| 12 | Chemoradiotherapy with capecitabine versus fluorouracil for locally advanced rectal cancer: a randomised, multicentre, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial显示文摘 | Ralf-Dieter Hofheinz Frederik Wenz Stefan Post Axel Matzdorff Stephan Laechelt J?rg T Hartmann Lothar Müller Hartmut Link Markus Moehler Erika Kettner Elisabeth Fritz Udo Hieber Hans Walter Lindemann Martina Grunewald Stephan Kremers Christian Constantin | 2012 | Lancet Oncology2012，，6： | 1 |
| 13 | Long-term physical and psychological health consequences of induced abortion: review of the evidenee显示文摘 | Thorp J M Jr Hartmann K E Shadigian E | 2003 | Obstet Gynecol Surv2003，58，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Active sensing capabilities of the rat whisker system显示文摘 | Hartmann M J | 2001 | Autonomous Robots2001，，11： | 1 |
| 15 | Identification of UV/blue light-response elements in the Arabidopsis thaliana chalcone synthase promoter using a homologous protoplast transient expression system显示文摘 | Hartmann U Valentine W J Christie J M | 1998 | Plant Molecular Biology1998，36，： | 1 |
| 16 | Copper transport CuI-thionein into apo - cerulop lam s in mediated by activated leu-cocytes显示文摘 | Schechinger J Hartmann M J W eser U | 1986 | Biochem J1986，240，： | 1 |
| 17 | Reduction of the bacterial load by the silver-coated endotracheal tube (SCET) : a laboratory investigation 显示文摘 | HARTMANN M GUTTMANN J MULLER B | 1999 | Technol Health Care1999，7，5： | 1 |
| 18 | Severity of mastitis symptoms as a predictor of C-reactive protein in milk and blood during lactation 显示文摘 | Fetherston C M Wells J I Hartmann P E | 2006 | Breastfeed Med2006，1，3： | 1 |
| 19 | The 4 - hydroxyestrone: Electron emission, formation of secondary me- tabolites and mechanisms of carcinogenesis 显示文摘 | Getoff N Gersehpaeher M Hartmann J | 2010 | J Photochem Photobiol B2010，98，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Mechanism and function of a newly identified CpG DNA motify in human primary B cells 显示文摘 | Hartmann G Krieg A M Waldschmidt T J | 2000 | J Immunol2000，164，： | 1 |
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