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| 1 | Analysis of coherent structures in drag-reducing polymer solution flow based on proper orthogonal decomposition显示文摘Direct numerical simulation(DNS) of forcing homogeneous isotropic turbulence with polymers was performed.In order to understand the polymers effect on turbulent coherent structures,proper orthogonal decomposition was performed to identify coherent structures based on DNS data,so as to analyze the remarkable difference due to the addition of polymers.The results showed that the numbers for eigenmodes required for capturing coherent structures were 32 and 24 for the Newtonian fluid and polymer solution flows,respectively,which means the decrease of the complexity in polymer solution flow.Through the POD energy spectrum,it was found that the turbulent kinetic energy is distributed onto a large number of eigenmodes whether in the Newtonian fluid flow or polymer solution flow,suggesting that polymer solution flow is still turbulent in one aspect.Besides,the POD eigenmodes were investigated,which found that the small-scale structures are inhibited in polymer solution flow. | CAI WeiHua LI FengChen ZHANG HongNa WANG Yue WANG Lu | 2012 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2012，55，5： | 5 |
| 2 | Effect of a new antitranspirant on the physiology and water use efficiency of soybean under different irrigation rates in an arid region显示文摘Antitranspirants are exogenous substances applied to leaves to reduce luxury transpiration by regulating stomatal conductance to increase water use efficiency(WUE). A cheap and environmentally-friendly antitranspirant, FZ, was newly developed, extracted mainly from Alhagi sparsifolia. Its effects on soybean water use were investigated in a field experiment using the locally-used irrigation rate and a low irrigation rate(The lower and upper limit of irrigation is 40%–70% of field capacity). Foliar application of FZ and measurement of leaf physiological characteristics, final biomass, seed yield and water use efficiency were carried out during the pod bearing and pod filling stages of drip-irrigated soybean with film-mulching. Under the low irrigation rate, leaf stomatal conductance(gs) and transpiration rate(Tr)decreased significantly by 7 d after spraying, but photosynthesis(Pn) and instantaneous water use efficiency(WUE_(in)) were not significantly affec ted. The stomatal frequency, stomatal aperture, gs, Tr and Pn decreased by 1 d after spraying, without significantly increasing WUE_(in).However, applying FZ during the pod bearing and pod filling stages did not significantly affect the final biomass,water consumption, seed yield and WUE of soybean.Under the locally-used irrigation rate, applying FZ increased the activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase in the leaves by 38% and 33%, respectively,but did not significantly affect gs, Tr, Pn, stomatal aperture and stomatal frequency. Applying FZ three times during pod bearing and pod filling stages enhanced seed yield and WUE by 24% and 21%, respectively, but did not significantly affect the final biomass and water consumption. Therefore, seed yield and WUE of soybean were significantly increased by foliar application of FZ during the pod bearing and pod filling stages under the locally-used irrigation rate in arid region, but applying FZ did not have a positive effect on water use efficiency of soybean under a low irrigation rate. | Shasha JI Ling TONG Fusheng LI Hongna LU Sien LI Taisheng DU Youjie WU | 2017 | Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering2017，4，2： | 1 |
| 3 | Computational fluid dynamics simulation of a novel bioreactor forsophorolipid production显示文摘This paper describes three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics(CFD) simulations of gas–liquid flow in a novel laboratory-scale bioreactor contained dual ventilation-pipe and double sieve-plate bioreactor(DVDSB)used for sophorolipid(SL) production. To evaluate the role of hydrodynamics in reactor design, the comparisons between conventional fed-batch fermenter and DVDSB on the hydrodynamic behavior are predicted by the CFD methods. Important hydrodynamic parameters of the gas–liquid two-phase system such as the liquid phase velocity field, turbulent kinetic energy and volume-averaged overall and time-averaged local gas holdups were simulated and analyzed in detail. The numerical results were also validated by experimental measurements of overall gas holdups. The yield of sophorolipids was significantly improved to 484 g·L^(-1)with a 320 h fermentation period in the new reactor. | Xiaoqiang Jia Lin Qi Yaguang Zhang Xue Yang Hongna Wang Fanglong Zhao Wenyu Lu | 2017 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2017，25，6： | 1 |
| 4 | Liquid exfoliation of stanene as degradable nanoagents for NIR-II photothermal therapy显示文摘Stanene,the two-dimensional form of elemental tin(Sn),is easily oxidized in the ambient environ-ment,significantly hindering its applications in biomedical fields.However,the degradation mechanism of stanene remains unclear.Herein,combined DFT calculations and proof-of-concept experiments were conducted to elucidate the underlying degradation mechanism of stanene.The results reveal that the degradation of stanene in an oxygenated water environment is a water-accelerated oxidation process.H_(2) O molecules could not only facilitate the electron transfer from stanene to O_(2) because of the polarization effect of H_(2) O,but also directly react with the defect sites of stanene due to enhanced absorption energy.Moreover,several protective strategies like alcohol protection were proposed to avoid or mitigate the oxidation of stanene for further applications.Finally,stanene was explored as the second near-infrared(NIR-II)photonic agents for ablation of 4T1 tumor,depicting a tumor-growth inhibition ratio up to 96.7%,much better than that of the first near-infrared(NIR-I)group(65.5%).This work reveals the degradation mechanism of stanene and demonstrates its biomedical applications in the NIR-II region. | Xueqiao Li Weijian Li Zhaohua Miao Chenxi Lu Hongna Ma Yan Xu Deyan Gong Cheng-Yan Xu Zhengbao Zha | 2023 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2023，，17： | 0 |
| 5 | Comparison of evapotranspiration and energy partitioning related to main biotic and abiotic controllers in vineyards using different irrigation methods显示文摘Knowledge of evapotranspiration(ET)and energy partitioning is useful for optimizing water management,especially in areas where water is scarce.A study was undertaken in a furrow-irrigated vineyard(2015)and a drip-irrigated vineyard(2017)in an arid region of northwest China to compare vineyard ET and energy partitioning and their responses to soil water content(SWC)and leaf area index(LAI).ET and soil evaporation(E)and transpiration(T)were determined using eddy covariance,microlysimeters,and sap flow.Seasonal average E/ET,T/ET,crop coefficient(Kc),evaporation coefficient(Ke),and basal crop coefficient(Kcb)were 0.50,0.50,0.67,0.35,and 0.29,respectively,in the furrow-irrigated vineyard and 0.42,0.58,0.57,0.29,and 0.43 in the dripirrigated vineyard.The seasonal average partitioning of net radiation(Rn)into the latent heat flux(LE),sensible heat flux(H)and soil heat flux(G)(LE/Rn,H/Rn,and G/Rn),evaporative fraction(EF)and Bowen ratio(β)were 0.57,0.26,0.17,0.69 and 0.63,respectively,in the furrowirrigated vineyard and 0.46,0.36,0.17,0.57 and 0.97 in the drip-irrigated vineyard.The LE/Rn,H/Rn,EF,andβwere linearly correlated with LAI.The E,Kc,Ke,E/ET,LE/Rn,LEs/Rn(ratio of LE by soil E to Rn),H/Rn,EF andβwere closely correlated with topsoil SWC(10 cm depth).Responses of ET and energy partitioning to the LAI and SWC differed under the two irrigation methods.Drip irrigation reduced seasonal average E/ET and increased average T/ET.From the perspective of energy partitioning,seasonal average H/Rn increased whereas LE/Rn,especially LEs/Rn,decreased.Compared with furrow irrigation,drip irrigation decreased the proportion of unproductive water consumption thereby contributing to enhanced water use efficiency and accumulation of dry matter. | Lei GAO Peng ZHAO Shaozhong KANG Sien LI Ling TONG Risheng DING Hongna LU | 2020 | Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering2020，7，4： | 0 |
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