| 1 | Molecular epidemiology, characterization of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance profile of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from dairy farms in China and Pakistan显示文摘Streptococcus agalactiae is one of the most common pathogens that cause bovine mastitis worldwide. Identifying pathogen prevalence and virulence factors is critical for developing prevention and control approaches. Herein, 1 161 milk samples from various dairy farms in China(n=558) and Pakistan(n=603) were collected between 2019–2021 and were subjected to S. agalactiae isolation. Prevalence, serotyping, virulence genes, and antibiotic-resistant genes of S. agalactiae were evaluated by PCR assay. All isolates were characterized for haemolysis, biofilm production, cytotoxicity, adhesion, and invasion on bovine mammary epithelial cells. The prevalence of S. agalactiae-induced mastitis in cattle was found to be considerably higher in Pakistan than in China. Jiangsu and Sindh provinces had the highest area-wise prevalence in China and Pakistan, respectively. Serotypes Ia and II were prevalent in both countries, whereas serotype III was found only in Pakistan. Moreover, all isolates tested positive for PI-2b gene but negative for PI-1 and PI-2a genes. All isolates harboured cfb, cylE, hylB, and fbsB virulent genes, whereas many of them lacked bibA, rib and bca. However, the absence of bac and scp genes in Chinese isolates and cspA in Pakistani isolates was noted, while spb1 and lmb were not detected in isolates of both countries. Pakistani isolates, particularly serotype Iapositive, had a considerably higher ability to produce biofilm, haemolysis, cytotoxicity, adhesion, and invasion than Chinese isolates. Most of the isolates were phenotypically resistant to tetracycline, erythromycin, and clindamycin and genotypic resistance was confirmed by the presence of ermA, ermB, tetM and tetO genes. Our study highlights the antimicrobial resistance profile and virulence-related factors contributing to the epidemiological spread of mastitis-causing S. agalactiae in China and Pakistan. The findings may facilitate future studies designed to develop improved treatment and control strategies against this pathogen. | Ambreen LEGHARI Shakeel Ahmed LAKHO Faiz Muhammad KHAND Khaliq ur Rehman BHUTTO Sameen Qayoom LONE Muhammad Tahir ALEEM Iqra BANO Muhammad Ali CHANDIO Jan Muhammad SHAH LIN Hui-xing FAN Hong-jie | 2023 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2023，22，5： | 0 |
| 2 | UV Spectroscopic Method for Optimization and Determination of Glibenclamide in Bulk,Pharmaceutical Dosage Form and its Application for In Vitro Interaction Studies显示文摘A simple,easy and cost-efficient UV spectroscopic method was developed and validated for glibenclamide,the second generation of sulfonylureas,using 0.1 N NaOH as a solvent.The proposed method is linear(R^(2)>0.999)with the range 5-25μg mL^(−1),accurate(99.60%),precise(inter and intraday variation 0.241 and 0.019%,respectively)and robust(<1%).The quantification and detection limit were 1.46 and 0.48μg mL^(−1),respectively.The validated method was applied for in vitro interaction studies of glibenclamide(GLB)with commonly prescribed quinolones(ciprofloxacin,levofloxacin,moxifloxacin,and gemifloxacin)and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs)(diclofenac sodium,ibuprofen,mefenamic acid,and aspirin)using UV spectrophotometer.The in vitro interaction studies were carried out in different artificially prepared physiological buffers at 37°C for 2 h.Results showed raised level of glibenclamide when interacted with gemifloxacin(pH 7.4),levofloxacin(pH 9),ciprofloxacin(pH 4.5)and with moxifloxacin(pH 4.5,7.4 and 9).Interaction with NSAIDs results in increased%availability of glibenclamide in the presence of diclofenac sodium,ibuprofen,and mefenamic acid at pH 4.5.The anticipated method can be successfully applied for the routine analysis and also for the interaction of glibenclamide with other drugs. | Faiza Akhtar Somia Gul Salman Ashfaq Iqra Rehman Agha Zeeshan Mirza | 2020 | Journal of Analysis and Testing2020，4，4： | 0 |
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